Inhlanzi ye-aquarium e-Parsing iyinhlanzi ethandwayo futhi engathethekiyo, ebonakala ngokuhamba kombala nokuhehayo. Ingafakwa kuma-aquariums namanye ama-phenotypes, ngoba inomlingiswa onokuthula. Itholakala engxenyeni eseningizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia.
Yini ephawuleka ngokuxutshwa?
Inhlanzi ye-aquarium enamehlo aluhlaza ihlukaniswa ngumzimba omncane (ubude - 4-5 cm). Umsila uqukethe ama-2 blade.
Umthala we-aquarium paring unombala ogqamile futhi ocebile. Ukuthambisa komzimba kusuka pinki yethusi kuya kumnqumo, luhlaza lomnqumo. Isisu sinemibala e-silvery, isiliva-bluish tint.
Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, izindawo ezingunxantathu nezinobumba obukhulu buluhlaza obumnyama, umnyama omnyama zigxile emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, izinhlanzi zasemanzini ezinolwazi lwasolwandle zaziwa njenge-cuneiform spotting.
Indawo ye-cuneiform yinhlanzi emangalisayo. Ngakho-ke, isisu sowesilisa sinombala wesiliva okhanyayo, amabala ngendlela yomgexo omkhulu.
Bheka lobu buhle nokuthi baziphatha kanjani emanzini.
Yize ama-aquarists angomakadebona azi okungaphezulu kwama-30- 40 ukuhlaziya izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zase-aquarium, ahlukanisa okulandelayo:
- Ukuxosha umthala. Umuntu onjalo uvame ukubizwa ngomlilo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, umbala wakhe uhlanganisa imibala eminingi ekhanyayo. Emilebeni alolu hlobo kunemivimbo ebomvu. Ubude bomzimba - 3-3,5 cm.
- Ukuhlaziywa yi-cuneiform (heteromorph). Ubude bomzimba - 4-5.5 cm. Inhlanzi inesiliva, igolide. Emzimbeni kukhona amabala afana negeji.
- I-Aquarium fish brigitte parsing. Zihlukaniswa njengezinhlobo zemifino. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ubude bomzimba abudluli ku-1.5-2 cm. Kulokhu, izintokazi zikhulu, ziphuzi-orange. Abesilisa banombala obomvu okhanyayo. Emzimbeni kukhona umucu wokuluhlaza okotshani.
- Sphenoid Hengel paring. Kukhona umucu we-neon ohlangothini lwezinhlanzi. Lapho imisebe yokukhanya ishaya, iyaguguleka. Umbala wenhlanzi enjalo uyancipha.
Umthala we-Harlequin paring ungumuntu ongazithobi. Kepha ukwengeza umjikelezo wempilo yakhe, imithetho elandelayo iyadingeka:
- Ukukhetha kwe-Aquarium. Njengoba i-aquarium iqukethe abantu abangu-10-15 ngesikhathi, ivolumu yayo kufanelekile (cishe amalitha angama-40-60). Ithangi ifakwe isembozo esinezimbobo ezincane. Lokhu kusiza ukuvikela i-fry ukuthi iphume ngaphandle.
- Amapharamitha wamanzi. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elifanelekile lingama-25 degrees. Ubulukhuni akufanele budlule amaphesenti ayi-15.
- Izihlungi Ukufaka izihlungi ethangini kungakhethwa. Uma ukuzalela kuhlelwa, khona-ke kufanele kufakwe isihlungi sokwenziwa ngomshini. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukushintshwa kwamanzi (amaphesenti angama-20-30 wevolumu) kwenziwa nsuku zonke. Isihlungi sihlanza ngamanzi e-aquarium.
- Shanela. Izinhlanzi ze-Aquarium zikhula ngokujwayelekile ekukhanyeni okufiphele. Ungakhethi amadivayisi wokukhanya amancane.
- Inhlabathi, ungqimba lwesitshalo. Izimo ezinhle kakhulu zeKubotai inhlabathi emnyama. Ukutshala izitshalo ezine-shady kanye ne-algae kuyinto ephakeme. Ingxenye yendawo esethangi ishiywe mahhala. Lokhu kwenza ukugcinwa kube lula.
Incazelo nokubukeka
Isidumbu sokuhlaziywa, njengakwabamele iningi lomndeni we-cyprinid, sinomumo ocwebezelwe kancane ovela ezinhlangothini. Umzimba unciphile futhi uphakeme kancane. Ezinye izinhlobo ezinezikali ezikhulu zinomzimba omfishane futhi ophakeme. Futhi, inhlanzi inesimilo esihle kakhulu salo mndeni.
Zonke izinhlobo zokuhlaziywa zihlukaniswe ngombandela zibe ngamaqembu amabili:
- UDaniconius - izinhlobo ezinkulu ezingafika ku-20 cm ubude,
- i-aquarium, noma ukuhlobisa - inobukhulu obungafika ku-5 cm.
- I-Hengel parsing inesakhiwo esikhulu somzimba, esinesisu sokukhanya kombala onsomi. Emuva ine-tint eluhlaza okotshani, kanti izinhlangothi zinsundu, zine-tint encane yesiliva.
Ukukhanya kukhinyabeza kakhulu umbala womzimba. Ungaba nemithunzi ehlukene onsomi. Ezinhlangothini, kusukela kumdwebo we-dorsal fin to the caudal, imicu ekhanyayo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka inwebeka kuwo wonke umzimba. Kunendawo ebomvu esifubeni. Ubude bezinhlanzi zalolu hlobo abudluli kuma-35 mm. Amaphiko abonakala ngokukhanya okuphuzi okuncane. Abesilisa babonakala bucwazimula futhi bebushelelezi kunabesifazane.
- Brigitte Parsing - Izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile kakhulu ngenxa yombala wazo ogqamile, onokuthula, onesimo sokuthula nokungathobeki. Yachazwa ngonyaka we-1978. Umbala womzimba uhlukahluka ebangeni elihlukile le-orange spectrum. Izinhlangothi zihlotshiswe ngentambo emnyama eluhlaza.
- I-strip paring - umbala wezinhlanzi unobuhla obubanzi. Impunga, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma inhlanzi ene-beige hue ivame kakhulu. Ezinhlangothini kukhona imivimbo ebheke phezulu yetende eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Kukhona ibala elimnyama lapho kuhlangana khona nomzimba we-caudal fin. Amaphiko ngokwawo abomvu. Ubukhulu abudluli ku-3 cm. Kungcono ukuthi uqukethe ukuhlaziya ngamaqembu ezinhlanzi eziyi-16 noma ngaphezulu. Ukushisa kwamanzi okufisayo ngu-25-26 ° C.
- I-Cuneiform paring - Izinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezazi zasemanzini. Elinye igama yi-heteromorph. Ikhula ibe ngu-5 cm ubude.Umugqa obunjwe ngendlela yomshini, onikeza igama lezinhlobo, ugijima usuka emaphethelweni adors kuya emsileni ezinhlangothini.
Inemibala emi-2, ehlukaniswe ngokukhetha okwenziwe nge-artical, - igolide ne-albino. E-aquarium, kungcono ukugcina umhlambi wabantu abangu-10-12 kumazinga okushisa wamanzi we-+26 ° C.
- NGEMPELA i-microparsing Galaxy abasemanzini emhlabeni wonke basanda kuthola. T.R. Roberts wachaza izinhlobo zezilwane kuphela ekuqaleni konyaka we-2007. Lo dokotela we-zoology wanikeza inhlanzi igama elisha, ngoba ngesikhathi sokufunda wathola ukuthi le nhlanzi kungenzeka ukuthi ibe yi-zebrafish kune-paring. Ubude bomzimba wezinhlanzi ezindala bucishe bube ngama-2 cm.
I-Parsing - inhlanzi ayizethembi, lokhu kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ukuthandwa kwayo, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabasizi bamanzi asezindlini. Kepha naphezu kokungabekezeleleki kwayo, ukuze ube ntofontofo, kufanele udale izimo zenhlanzi ezisondele kakhulu endaweni yazo yemvelo.
Yize izinhlanzi zincanyana ngosayizi, zithanda indawo, ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izinhlobo zithanda ukuhlala emihlambini.
Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuzalela
Ngaphambi kokuzalela, abantu bobulili obuhlukile bahlala ezihlalweni ezihlukile. Isikhathi sokulungiswa okuhlukile nokondla kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-7-14.
Ukwakha ukuqhekeka, sebenzisa ithangi (amalitha 30- 35-). Ngaphambi kokuthulula, amanzi adlula kusihlungi esilungiselelwe kusuka ku-peat. Ekuphawukeni, kusetshenziswa amanzi ahlanzekile ne-aquarium. Ngenxa yalokhu, uketshezi kufanele lube nokukhanya okuluhlaza okotshani.
Lapho ulungiselela amanzi, lalela izinkomba ze-acidity, izinga lokushisa nobulukhuni. Amanzi athululelwa ethangini (ukuphakama - 20-25 cm).
Izitshalo ezihluke ngamaqabunga abanzi futhi aminyene atshalwa ezindaweni zasemanzini ukuze zisakazeke. Imvamisa sebenzisa i-cryptocoryne.
Izidingo ze-Aquarium
Umthamo we-aquarium kufanele ube okungenani amalitha angama-50. Qinisekisa ukuthi ku-aeration okwanele nokuhlungwa kwamanzi. Lezi zinhlanzi zithanda izilwanyana zasemanzini eziminyene. Izitshalo ezihlanzekile ziyabasiza bacashe. Khetha ukukhanya okukhanyayo nomhlaba omnyama we-aquarium yakho. Amatshe amatshe anesihlabathi namatshe amahle. Kungcono ukumboza i-aquarium - izinhlanzi zinesimo esihle sokudlala futhi zingagxuma ziphume.
Ukusakazeka nokutshala
Ama-Aquarists afuya imithala yokuzalanisa atusa ukuhlukanisa umhlambi. Kuyo, inani labesilisa kufanele likhulu. Ukuhumusha kwenziwa kusihlwa. Ukuqhekeka kwenzeka ngemuva kwamahora ayi-12-72 emva kwezulu. Lesi sikhathi asondliwa ukuze sihlukanise ukuvalwa kwe-liquid ekuqhekekeni.
Owesifazane esikhathini sokuzalela ugxila emathangeni. Zalela amaqanda ayi-190-200 emaqabungeni ezitshalo ezinomthunzi ne-algae. Lapho kubekwa, owesilisa ufaka ngokucophelela iqanda ngalinye. Isikhathi sithatha amahora angama-1-2.
Ngemuva kokusatshalaliswa kwezinsikazi, abesilisa babuyiselwa ezinhlotsheni noma ezinhlanzini ezijwayelekile. Ngempela, abantu abadala bavame ukudla i-fry, evela ngemuva kwamahora we-18-24. Amafry aqala ukuhamba ngokuzimela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-8.
I-frying parry yomthala uphahlwe nge-yolk yamaqanda echotshoziwe, ama-ciliates, izigcawu, nokunye okuphakelayo okuncane.
Ukwakha izimo ezifanayo nezimo kuma-aquariums ajwayelekile, ochwepheshe batusa kancane kancane ukwandisa izinga lokuqina. Le ukuphela kwendlela uFry afundiswa ngayo ezimeni ezijwayelekile.
Ukuhambisana namanye ama-phenotypes
Njengoba ama-aquarists amaningi azama ukwenza lokhu kuhlaziya, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yimaphi ama-phenotypes ahlangana nawo. Njengoba izinhlanzi ze-aquarium zisebenza, ziguga, zikhetha omakhelwane abafanayo. Ama-phenotypes amaningi ezolile awalungile.
E-aquariums ejwayelekile, kubekwa abameleli abafanayo bokuhamba, okubandakanya i-tetras, zebrafish, i-barark shark. Bahlala nabo ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukudla kwalezi zinhlanzi kuyafana. Ngama-astronotus, ezinye izinhlobo ezinolaka, incazelo yazo okulula ukuyithola, akufanele ibekwe.
Kungcono ukungabeki i-heteromorph ngokwehlukana. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ngokuba yedwa, izinhlanzi ezinjalo zisheshe zinyamalale, ziqale ukulimala.
Ukondla
Endle, ukuhlasela inyamazane kuyisisulu. Lapho, ukudla kwakhe kuqukethe ipulankton nezibungu, futhi ekhaya angondliwa cishe nganoma yikuphi ukudla. Thatha okokudla okuyisisekelo okwomile okuyisisekelo. Okondla okuphilayo, ungasebenzisa:
- izibungu zomiyane
- ukopha,
- enthreys
- I-Artemia
- daphnia
- Iziqalo.
Izifo
Uma ulandela imithetho yokunakekelwa nokuzala, khona-ke izinhlanzi ze-aquarium aziguli. Phakathi kwezifo ezenzeka ezimweni ezingavamile, kukhona:
- Kubanda. Kwenzeka lapho izinga lokushisa lehla ngo-5 degrees noma ngaphezulu.
- Izifo zokukhunta. Kubonakala ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa lamanzi lehla laya ku-18-20 degrees. Ukuze uqede lesi sifo, amazinga okushisa akhuphuka aze afike kuma-30 degrees. I-aquarium ifakwe okokuhlunga kanye nemishini yokuthambisa.
- I-Oodiniosis. Ukwelashwa usebenzisa izidakamizwa ezikhethekile. Uma ethangini lapho kukhula khona abasha, kufakwa usawoti. 1 ilitha lamanzi lidinga i-1-1.5 tbsp. nezinkezo.
- Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okungazinzi. Ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwesikhunta, ukutheleleka, abasemanzini abanolwazi babheka ukwakheka kwamanzi. Amanani aphezulu we-alkali avusa ukwethuka nokufa. Ngakho-ke, ukukalwa kwenziwa ngemuva kokushintsha kwamanzi ngakunye. Inani lezilinganiso landa uma izilwane ezincane zidluliselwa ku-aquarium.
Njenge-prophylaxis, izinyathelo ezinjalo ziyenziwa:
- Ukushintshwa kwamanzi njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-7-16.
- Ukukhetha okokuhlunga okwenziwe ngomshini noma ngamakhemikhali. Ihlanzwa ngamanzi e-aquarium.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezinhlanzi. Hlolela ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kukhonjwe isikhunta noma ezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo.
- Isibani. Ukulungiswa kwesibani kufakwe ngokuhambisana nezidingo. Imisebe ekhanyayo iyingozi. Lokhu kubalulekile ukukhumbula.
- Ukutshala izitshalo, i-algae. Lapho ukhetha, izintandokazi zokubandlulula ziyabalwa. Ukusuka enhlabathini ngezikhathi ezithile susa okuphilayo okuseleyo, izinto eziphilayo. Izenzo ezinjalo zisiza ukugcina izimo ezifanele ku-aquarium.
I-Parsing - inhlanzi emangalisayo ekhethwa ama-aquarists abanolwazi, abaqalayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, inqubo yokunakekelwa nokuzalanisa ilula. Izimo ezikhethekile, izitshalo noma amadivayisi awadingeki ukuze kugcinwe.
Ukuziphatha nendlela yokuphila
Amachibi ase-Indonesia naseThailand, iBurma neCambodia, akhiwe phakathi kwamahlathi ashisayo, ayindawo ayithandayo yama-rakes. Izimo ezinjalo zemvelo zakha i-microclimate efanelekile yezinhlanzi endaweni yasemanzini, zivimbele ilanga elishisayo elikhanyayo ukuba likhanyise indawo engamanzi kakhulu. Ngisho nasezindaweni ezinomthunzi, amanzi lapha afudumala aze afike ku-+30 ° C, nomoya - kufinyelele +32 ° C. Amanzi wokuhlaziya, njengoba sekushiwo, uthanda omuncu futhi uthambile. Ezweni lakubo, kunemvula eningi unyaka wonke, ngenxa yalokho, amanzi emifuleni nasemachibini anezinga eliphansi lobunzima. Ngokwemvelo, inhlanzi iyathanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi bezitshalo ze-blix, imbewu prickly kanye ne-cryptocoryne.
Ukuzalela nokuzalela
Cishe ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili ubudala, le nhlanzi ifinyelela ekukhuleni, kepha ekhaya kungcono ukuzibandakanya ngokuzalanisa, kuqala ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-10-11.
Izinsuku eziyi-10-15 ngaphambi kokusakazeka, abesilisa bahlukaniswa nabesifazane. Ukuze uthole impumelelo eminingi, kucatshangelwa ukuthi kuthathwe abesilisa abaneminyaka yobudala obukhulu kunabesifazane. Inani elifunekayo labesilisa kwabesifazane ngu-2: 1. Kwibhangqa elilodwa, ivolumu ejwayelekile yezindawo ezinwebayo cishe ngamalitha amahlanu.
I-Spawning kufanele iphathwe kahle nge-antiseptic ngaphambi kwenqubo. Izitshalo nazo kufanele zigezwe kahle. I-Flora kufanele ibe yinto eningi, uma kungenjalo ukushayisana phakathi kwabesilisa kungenzeka. Amanzi wokunwaya kufanele athathwe anciphiswe, axazululwe, noma ancishiswe, atholwe eqhweni. Amanzi anjalo kumele ahlanjululwe ngamanzi amadala we-aquarium ukuthola ubunzima obudingekayo.
Ngaphambi kwenqubo, thoba amanzi ngombala weti eliphuzile. Endaweni yokuhlala yendabuko, amanzi athola umbala onjalo emaqabunga awile. Sizozama ukusilingisa ngezindlela ezithuthukisiwe.
Abakhiqizi abahlukanisiwe baqala ukugqabhuka emahoreni angama-25-70. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele uyeke ngokuphelele ukondla izinhlanzi ukuze ungavimbi amanzi. Qiniseka ukuthi ukukhanyisa kunesilinganiso.
Ukusakaza kuthatha cishe amahora angama-2. Amaqanda ahlala engxenyeni engemuva yamaqabunga esitshalo, noma kwigridi ehlukanisayo, ukuba khona kwayo okufanele kunakekelwe kusengaphambili. Owesifazane oyedwa anganikeza amaqanda angaphezu kwama-300.
Ngemuva kokuqhekeka, "ababambiqhaza" kufanele batshalwe bese ukukhanya kwezibani kuncishiswe. Isikhathi sokufakelwa sihlala cishe usuku. Fry yeqanda liqhamuka ngosuku lwe-6. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa ukukhanyiswa kwezindawo ezinwebayo bese uqala ukondla i-fry nge-infusoria, nauplii, crustaceans kanye ne-microworms.
Ezempilo Nezifo
Ukuphila kuncipha cishe iminyaka emi-5. Uma ulandela zonke izincomo zokunakekelwa nokondla izinhlanzi, ke kuyaqabukela kugula. Kepha uma izinkathazo ezinjalo zenzeka, imvamisa inhlanzi igula yilezi zifo:
Kubanda. IRasbor yinhlanzi ethanda ukushisa, ivela kulezo zindawo lapho ubusika bungelona iqhwa futhi libandayo, kodwa inani elikhulu lemvula ngesimo semvula efudumele eshisayo. Uma izinga lokushisa lamanzi e-aquarium lihle ngaphansi kuka +20 ° C, kungavela ukuthi ukhunte emzimbeni wezinhlanzi. Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa, kuyadingeka ukwandisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi ligcine ku + 29-30 ° C, futhi ukhuphule ukuphakama.
I-Oodinosis - isifo esinezimpawu zokuhlanza. Ekwelashweni, i-bicillin iyasetshenziswa. Ukuvimbela akuvimbeli zonke izinhlanzi ezise-aquarium, kepha uma kunezilwane eziningi ezincane kuyo, kufanele kufakwe u-25 g kasawoti kuwo wonke amalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
Ukushintshwa okubukhali ekwakhekeni kwamanzi kuthinta ukuhlaziywa. Ukudlulisela kusuka kumanzi athambile acwebile athokomele amanzi alukhali kungabulala inhlanzi noma, imbangela ukwethuka okweqile. Ngokuvamile, njengoba sekushiwo, ukuhlasela isidumbu kuyisidalwa esingazethembi futhi sihle kakhulu. Isimo sakhe sokudlala kanye nemibala ekhanyayo ijabulisa iso. Landela izincomo ezithile ezilula, futhi izophila isikhathi eside, i-frcy kanye nokuzalela e-aquarium yakho.
I-Parsing ngumbono omuhle we-aquarist yokuqala. Futhi ngubani owaziyo, mhlawumbe lokhu kudalwa okuncane kuzokuheha kakhulu kangangokuba unqume ukuba uchwepheshe kulolu hlobo oluthile.
Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo
I-Rasbora (Rasbora) - inhlanzi encane eyiselula yomndeni kaCyprinidae wohlobo lweRucheper.
Lezi zakhamizi ezingaphansi kwamanzi ikakhulukazi zihlala ezindlini ezincane zokugcina izifunda ezishisayo zaseSoutheast Asia. Yilezi zinhlobonhlobo esezithole ukuthandwa okukhulu kakhulu e-aquarium. Kepha ezinye izinhlobo zeRasbor nazo zihlala ezwenikazi lase-Afrika.
Lezi zinhlanzi ziphila impilo yokuhlanjululwa, zibhukuda ngamaqembu amakhulu ebusweni be-reservoir noma ezingxenyeni zalo eziphakathi nendawo. Kukhona ubuphathi bayo, obukhulu kunabo bonke abesilisa, kepha akukho ukucindezelwa nokulwa, abantu bahlala ndawonye futhi bazijabulise, badlale futhi bazingele ndawonye.
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, umzimba uyaphakeme futhi ucindezelwe kancane kamuva. Okuncane kunomzimba omude futhi omfushane futhi umbozwe ngezikali ezinkulu, izinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo zifana kakhulu nezidumbu. Iyunithi yomsila inama-blade amabili futhi iyisihlahla esikhulu impela. Amaphiko asele awasho lutho kangako, kwesinye isikhathi kukhona i-wen.
Imvamisa, imihlambi yaseRasbor itholakala ezindaweni ezinamanzi aseNdiya, ePhilippines naseIndonesia, lapho amanzi amnyama, ethambile kakhulu futhi ecebile ezitshalweni zamanzi nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziphilayo, amaqabunga awile alala phansi aze afinyelela kumitha. Imvamisa lezi yizindawo ezigudle ugu lapho isithunzi esikhulu siwela phezu kwamanzi, sivikele izakhamuzi ezingaphansi kwamanzi ekushiseni okuhangazayo.
Igalari yezithombe zezinhlanzi
Yisidalwa esimangazayo, nokho esikhetha ukudla ngamaphrotheni futhi sidle ikakhulukazi izinambuzane nezibungu zazo, izinhlobo zezinambuzane zabantu abahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Ubukhulu bezinhlanzi buxhomeke kakhulu ezinhlotsheni futhi zingasukela ku-1.5 ziye ku-20 cm, kepha izinhlobo ze-aquarium ngokwesilinganiso zingama-5 cm.
Ama-Parses asebenza kakhulu, anokuthula, uyadlalwa futhi uyahlekisa. Kunokuhlukahluka kombala wabo okuningi kusuka kwesiliva elikhanyayo kuya kumbala ogqamile ogqamile.
I-dimorphism yezocansi iziveza ibuthakathaka kakhulu, kunzima ekuqaleni ukubheka umehluko phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane. Kaningi ziyabonakala ngesikhathi sokuzalela, lapho isisu sowesifazane sizungezwa, nombala weduna uba mkhulu ngokwengeziwe.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka ngezikhathi zemvula; ekhaya, bayakwazi ukukhiqiza unyaka wonke.
Isikhathi sokuphila Parse sisuka eminyakeni eyi-1 kuya kwemi-5, imvamisa siyiminyaka engama-2-4.
UMnu Tail uyancoma: izinhlobo Parse
Ososayensi bahlukanisa lokho kuhlaziya kube ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu:
- Ama-aniconiuses. Izinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu ezihlala endle. Osayizi bawo aqala ku-5 kuye ku-17 cm, kukhona futhi amasampula angama-20 cm .. Kunzima ukugcina izinhlanzi ethangini lasekhaya.
- Izinhlobo ze-Aquarium. Lezi yizindlela zombili zemvelo nezinhlobo ezintsha ezifuywa ngokuzalanisa. I-Parsing idume kakhulu ezindaweni zasemanzini iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, eziningi zalezi zinhlanzi ziqala ukujwayelana nomhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi. Lesi yisizathu sezindlela ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo - kukhona ezingama-84 zazo eziqashelwayo, futhi isibalo esikhulu semibala nemibala ehlukahlukene ayikaze ibe negama.
Isimo, futhi ungahlukanisa ukuhlaziya kube ngamaqembu amakhulu amathathu:
- I-Wedge-Tailed Type Trigonostigma,
- Ukuhlaziywa kweRasbora yeqiniso noma yeqiniso,
- Izinhlobo zemidanso zeBoraras.
Ukubuyekezwa okuhle
I-Rasbora einthovenii - izikole ezincane zemihlambi ezifinyelela ku-9-10 cm ubude endaweni yazo yemvelo.
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lezi zinhlobo yiMalay Peninsula, iThailand, iziqhingi zaseGreat Sunda, iSumatra, neBorneo. Imihlambi ekhazimulayo ihlala itholakala ema-boat peat asendulo emahlathini ashisayo. Izidumbu zamanzi zinsundu ngombala wokuthi ziboshwe ngamathagi avela emacembeeni awile kanye nezinto eziphilayo, indawo yasemanzini ithambile kakhulu futhi ayithathi hlangothi noma i-acidic kancane.
Ngenxa yokuchithwa kwamahlathi okukhulu, lezi zinhlobo manje sezisengozini yokuqothulwa.
Amapharamitha amanzi ahlukile emithonjeni yemvelo enza kube nzima kakhulu ukuzalanisa lolu hlobo ekhaya.
Umzimba wesiliva we-Brilliant Parse unombala opinki, futhi kwesinye isikhathi onsomi. I-plumage ibuye ibe ne-tint ebomvu. Abesifazane bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa ukufeza ukuthomba. Umugqa omnyama ugijimisana nomugqa owalandela wethanga lekhala udlula esweni uya kwisisekelo se-caudal fin.
Ukuqhuma Kwemidanso
I-Boraras maculatus noma ama-Pygmies, ama-Spotted Parrots - angenye yezinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke, kodwa ezisebenza ngokugcwele kakhulu ezinhlanzini ze-carp.
Lolu akuyona uhlobo olulula lweRasbor, akufanele uqale uthando lwakho lwe-aquariums ngayo.
Le nhlanzi yatholakala ocwaningweni lomhlaba wonke lwezitshalo zaseNingizimu Asia ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Uhlobo luhlala emifudlaneni egeleza ihamba kancane nemifudlana, amachibi, iziteshi, izingulube.
Ubude bomzimba obunemibala egqamile buvame ukuba bomvu noma o-orenji, bube ngamasentimitha amathathu. Amabala amakhulu amakhulu amnyama asatshalaliswa esikalini, imvamisa eyodwa noma amabili ezinhlangothini, okuseleyo kuwo wonke amanqindi nomsila.
Ukuqina kombala kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala kanye nohlobo lokuphakelayo. Ngokuqukethwe kwe-aquarium yale nhlanzi, ama-carotenoid kufanele abe njalo ekudleni.
Ngesikhathi sokuqomisana, izinsikazi zindilinga esiswini, umbala wabesilisa uqhamuke. Bazala kahle ekudingisweni. Phila usuka eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu. Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuncane, zingagcinwa kuma-nano-aquariums, kodwa okungcono emhlambini wamalungu okungenani ayi-10.
Rasbor South Thailand
I-Boraras South Thailand - Lolu hlobo alukakachazwa futhi alunagama lesayensi, kuyilapho kusetshenziswa igama lokuthengisa kuphela. Ngaphandle, izinhlanzi ziyefana kakhulu ne-Dwarf Rasbor, kepha umbala wazo awulingani, amathoni abomvu-owolintshi atholakala ikakhulukazi emuva emuva komzimba, futhi ibunzi, lonke ikhanda emuva ingemuva cishe alinamibala. Kutholakala kuphela endaweni emincane yeThailand - eseningizimu kakhulu futhi kutholakala cishe emngceleni neMalaysia.
Izingozi Cottelata Brittany
URasbora Kottelatia brittani unamagama ezazi zaseSwitzerland ichthyologists uMaurice Cottelat noMartin Brittan, ababhale umlando obanzi ngeParsing.
Kulula kakhulu ukugcina nokuzala okuhlukahlukene okutholakalayo kubaqalayo.
Ngokwemvelo, ingxenye enkulu ihlala enhlonhlo yaseMalacca naseSumatra, kepha okwamanje ivinjelwa izinjongo zokuhweba emapulazini ezinhlanzi eSingapore futhi inikelwa lapho.
Imizimba yezinhlanzi ezithukile ayinazo nhlobo i-pigmentation, yonke iplamu ibonakala, kuphela esisekelweni se-caudal fin kukhona umaki okhanyayo, oqukethe imibala emibili - omnyama no-orange. Amasayizi abesilisa nabesifazane afanayo, acishe abe ngu-60-6 cm. Izinsikazi kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlanza zizungezwe kancane esiswini.
I-Red Nose Rasby (Savbwa Rasby)
ISawbwa icwecwa uhlobo oluyingqayizivele lwasendle ukuthi endle ihlala emanzini echibi elilodwa lentaba i-Inle, elisempumalanga yeBurma, kanye namabhuthi aseduze e-peat. Le nhlobo icishe iqothulwe ngumuntu, okwamanje ifakwe kuhlu olubomvu lwamazwe aphesheya futhi ivikelwe umbuso.
Le nsimbi encane yesiliva inamagama amaningi - I-Red Nose Burmese, i-Asia Red Nose, iRasbora Savwake. Igama elithi "Savwira" lisho ukuthi "inkosi" ngolimi lwesakhamuzi saseSurmese esifundazweni saseShan.
Izinhlanzi azikhathaleli ezimweni zokugcinwa, ukunakekelwa nokuzalaniswa, ngakho-ke, kunconyelwa abaqalayo bamanzi basolwandle.
Inhlanzi encane ecwebezelayo (ubude bayo bungama-2,5 cm) kuphela, inepulage esobala, engenamibala kanye nomzimba wohlobo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ubomvu noma owolintshi kuphela inhloko (ikakhulukazi ekhaleni) nezindawo ezimbili ezikhanyayo ngokulinganayo ekugcineni kwe-caudal lobe ngayinye. Lo mbala uhlukile kuphela kubantu besilisa, kubantu abakhudlwana. Izinsikazi azinawo amamaki agqamile futhi kunalokho zinomthunzi we-olivi wesikali.
I-Inle Lake incane, ibanzi kakhulu ngokujula (kufinyelela kumamitha amathathu) futhi itholakala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-900 ngaphezu kolwandle. Ingaphezulu layo limbozwe iziqhingi eziningi zezitshalo zasemanzini, emathangeni abo nasemhlambini wesiliva weSalbv bukhoma. Zitholakala emhlangeni osogwini. Ngenkathi ye-monsoon, izinga lamanzi likhuphuka kakhulu bese uRasbori athuthela kwizimbokodo ze-peat eziseduzane, lapho aqhakaza khona abuyele edamini lawo lendabuko.
Imigwaqo Ebomvu Ebomvu
I-Trigonopoma pauciperforatum iyinhlobonhlobo edume kakhulu phakathi kwama-aquarists ngenxa yomucu obomvu okhanyayo ohamba kuwo wonke umzimba wesiliva - ukusuka empini yekhala kuya kwisisekelo somsila. Isendlalelo esikhulu siphonsa i-grey grey noma i-green tint, futhi isilinganiselo ngasinye esikhulu esine-edging emnyama, ngakho-ke kubonakala sengathi umzimba unephethini le-mesh. Ubude bomzimba womuntu omdala bufika ku-6 cm.
Ngokwalo mugqa omnyama ohlangothini lwezinhlanzi, ubukhulu bembala ohlukahluka kusuka kwegolide kuya cishe ku-burgundy ngokuya ngesifunda sokuhanjiswa, kungenzeka ukwahlukanisa phakathi kwabantu besifazane nabesilisa. Esidodeni, imivimbo ihlala icacile, iqondile, futhi kwabesifazane iyagoba lapho isisu sizungezwe. Ukugcina ukugqama kwayo, i-carotene kumele ibe khona ku-feed.
Habitat - iMalaysia, iBorneo, iSumatra, iThailand, iCambodia. I-Biotope - imifudlana nemifula, ama-peat bogs emahlathini ashisayo anendawo emnyama noma amanzi ahamba kancane.
Ama-Red Tailer Rassings
I-Rasbora borapetensis yizinhlobonhlobo ezilula, ezilukhuni zokugcina nokuzalanisa.
Umbala wale Rasbor ungowangempela. Isendlalelo esiyimpunga siyimpunga, kuso kukhona imigqa ekhanyayo yegolide ende namnyama emaceleni. Isisekelo se-Caudal Fin esinezimpawu ezibomvu.
Abesifazane bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa, kepha abesilisa baqhakazile. Ubude bomzimba obuphakeme bungama-5 cm.
Bahlala emizimbeni enamanzi aseThailand, iCambodia, iLaos, iVietnam, iMalaysia, iPhilippines kanye nesiQhingi Sunda saseGreat Sunda.
Lolu hlobo luvumelana nezimo zezemvelo, ngakho-ke, luhlala ezindaweni zokugcina, emasimini elayisi, emigodini engekude nezindlu zabantu, futhi alwesabi ukungcoliswa.
Ukuqhuma Komlilo
I-Rasboroides vaterifloris iyinhlobo engandile kodwa enhle kakhulu. Ukuhluka kwale nhlanzi kuhlangene neqiniso lokuthi ezimweni zemvelo ihlala kuphela endaweni eseningizimu-mpumalanga yeSri Lanka, ebizwa ngokuthi "indawo emanzi". Kukhona inani elimangalisayo lezimvula ezinkulu ngonyaka, futhi emazingeni okushisa emoyeni nomoya wamanzi, umswakama nawo uphezulu.
Kepha inhlanzi yeFiery ihlala kakhulu emifudlaneni yamahlathi engezansi, lapho imvelo yasemanzini ipholile impela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azikho izinhlobo zokudla ezidliwayo nhlobo, futhi ezinye izinhlaka zeletshezi azifani.
Ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi, ukuthembeka kwehlathi kuhlukuliwe, kungu-4% kuphela wezinsalela eziphelele, ngakho-ke inani elimangalisayo lezinhlobo zezilwane nezilwane, kufaka phakathi okwasemanzini, kufa minyaka yonke.
Ngakho-ke, isilwane kumele sigcinwe ngentshiseko ekhethekile, silondoloze ngokucophelela futhi ngokunembile imingcele yamanzi e-aquarium, akulula ukudoba nokuzala. Lolu hlobo alukenziwa kabusha emapulazini ase-Asia. Ngakho-ke, i-Fiery Debriefing iyindawo ehlala i-aquarium engabizi futhi ibiza kakhulu, okunzima kakhulu ukuyithola.
Inhlanzi inobude bomzimba ofinyelela ku-4 cm, cishe wonke umzimba upendiwe ngokuphelele ngamapulangwe ngemibala ebomvu noma ye-orange, kepha indawo yesiliva iyabonakala ngemuva. Eduze kwe-gill slits, indawo ekhanyayo yomthunzi ofanayo, kepha egcwele ngokwengeziwe. Abesilisa bancane futhi bacace kakhulu kunabesifazane.
Ama-striped (amaNdiya) amaPars
I-Rasbora daniconius, ekuqaleni kokubona, umbala ongafani nalutho. Kepha izikali zesiliva zibonakalisa kahle futhi zivuselela imisebe yokukhanya iwela phezu kwayo, ngakho-ke i-pet shimmers futhi idlala ngayo yonke imibala, njenge-nugget engavamile.
Lolu hlobo lwatholakala okokuqala engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-19, okokuqala emfuleni i-Indus, kwase kuthi naseMekong, Chao Phraye naseSal Kati. Ngemuva kwenkathi yemvula, lezi zinhlanzi ezinkulu kakhulu (cishe 9 cm) zigcwalisa yonke imizimba yamanzi, kufaka phakathi amachibi, amasimu erayisi, imigodi nezimbotshana.
Umzimba omncane wesilisa futhi ophakeme wowesilisa unesilinganiso esilingana nesibhakabhaka, nesibani esikhanyayo, nesiwubala sobala. Isisu sowesifazane sinombala ophuzi ophuzi noma ophuzi. Imicu emnyama igijimela emgqeni we-lateral, kodwa ngenxa yokugqama okukhulu kwamapuleti, kubonakala kuyigolide, umzimba wonke uyakhazimula.
Le nhlanzi kulula ukuyigcina futhi izale ekhaya.
IHarlequin Parsing
I-Trigonostigma heteromorpha idume kakhulu kumachibi okufakelwa asekhaya. Ama-Aquarists aqala ukuyizalela eminyakeni engaphezu kwekhulu eyedlule kanti manje inhlobonhlobo inama-isomorphs amaningi ahlukene futhi isishintshe kakhulu ngenxa yokuzalela okuningi nokuhlobanisa inzalo. Manje amaHarlequins anjengalawa adume kabanzi ngokuthi:
- Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
- Mnyama
- Igolide
- Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
IHarlequin ivame ukubizwa ngeRasboro Heteromorph, i-Wedge enomzimba noma iCuneiform-Spotted Rasbor futhi ididekile noHegel no-Espes. Zonke lezi zinhlobo zokufuya ezisetshenziselwa ukubhekwa njengezinhlobo eyodwa futhi zahlukaniswa ngo-1999 kuphela. Noma kunjalo, esikhathini esiningi ku-salon yamanzi alezi zinhlanzi zithengiswa ngesisindo esisodwa futhi amaphutha amaningi atholakala ezihlokweni eziphathelene nalezi zilwane ezifuywayo.
Ama-harlequins makhulu ngokulingana ngosayizi (afinyelela ku-5-6 cm ubude) futhi ahlala kuzo zonke izifunda eziseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia emifudlaneni yamahlathi, imifudlana, amachibi, nakwezinye izidumbu zamanzi ezinamanzi amile noma ahamba kancane amnyama avela kumakhasi awile. Izinhlobonhlobo zatholakala ngonyaka we-1904.
Umbala uhlukile - kusuka ku-pink ophuzi kuya ku-orange ojulile, kufakwa ithusi kanye nokwasemuva kwemithambo esezithanjeni zamanzi ezingaphakathi emzimbeni. Ngasemuva komzimba osondele emsileni, kukhona indawo enkulu ebunjiwe yomugqa egcwalisa izinhlangothi zombili. Imvamisa kuba ngombala onsomi omnyama noma onsomi.
Ama-harlequins adlala kakhulu, adinga ukugcinwa kuphela emhlambini onenombolo elincane lamalungu ayi-10-12. Bajwayela ukudonsa ezinye izakhamizi ezingaphansi kwamanzi ezihlekelweni zabo. Kuyathokozisa ukubabuka, kepha akubona bonke omakhelwane abathanda isenzo esinomsindo.
I-Espesa Parses (Ama-Harlequins Amanga)
I-Trigonostigma espei yinhlanzi encane, ayifinyeleli ku-3 cm ubude futhi inombala ofana neHeteromorph (True Harlequin).
Ngokuphikisana nohlobo lwe-cuneiform olubonwe, yachazwa kuphela ngonyaka we-1967, ihlala emanzini we-Gulf of Thailand, imifula nemifudlana yeCambodia neThailand, kanye nesiqhingi saseVietnam Fukuok.
Isilwane esilukhuni kakhulu futhi esingabekezeleli, ngokuzalaniswa nokulondolozwa kwaso lapho umuntu wasemanzini ongekho esimweni esihle angakwazi ukubhekana naso.
Umbala uvame ukugcwala ngaphezulu kuneHeteromorph, kepha ungahluka ngamathoni abomvu, ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala yemvelo. Indawo ebunjiwe yomtshado ezinhlangothini ezingemuva komzimba nayo ikhona, kepha icishe ibe incane futhi ayihlali sonke isikhala kusukela kwelesiqalo sobumbane kuya esiswini.
Izilingo zeHengel
I-Trigonostigma hengeli ibizwa nangokuthi i-Luminous Parsing ngenxa yokumaka okukhanyayo ezinhlangothini, kufana ne-neon spark. Uma kukhanywa isibani esikhanyayo ku-aquarium, khona-ke umhlambi weHengel ubonakala ungamakhanye izinkanyezi.
Uhlobo lwachazwa kuphela ngo-1956, ngokungafani neHeteromorph eyatholakala ngaphambilini, iHengel evame ukudideka ngayo.
IMalacca, iziqhingi zaseGreat Sunda, iBorneo, iSumatra, iThailand, iCambodia - yonke imigwaqo enamanzi amnyama angagugi igcwele izikole ezinkulu zalezi zinhlanzi.
Izinhlobo lezi zincanyana, zinemizimba emincanyana efiphele efinyelela ubude obungadluli kuma-3 cm. Umzimba ungumbala omfushane noma indlovu, kepha kukhona futhi nezizatho ezenziwe ngopende opinki, owolintshi, o-uliphuzi ophuzi. Umaka omnyama okhanyayo ngemuva komzimba ezinhlangothini, utholakala njengephedi. Kuqhume unhlangothi olukhanyayo we-neon.
Lolu hlobo alunambitheki futhi kulula ukuligcina, lithandwa kakhulu futhi lubhekwa kakhulu.
Brigitte Parsing
AbakwaBoraras brigittae banomlando othandana kakhulu negama labo. Umphenyi we-ichthyologist unikezele ukutholakala nencazelo yalezi zinhlobo kumkakhe uBrigitte.
Le yinhlanzi ekhanyayo kakhulu futhi enhle, okulula ukuyigcina futhi izale futhi ibe ngumhlobiso wangempela wanoma yisiphi isibaya sendlu.
IBrigitte iyinhlobo engapheli yasentshonalanga yeBorneo, ehlala kakhulu ezinhlafunweni zemifudlana nemifudlana nemifudlana ephuma kuyo.
Izinhlanzi zincanyana, zingaba ngu-2 cm ubude nomzimba obomvu okhanyayo (opinki), eceleni komugqa oseceleni kukhona umugqa omkhulu wesigcawu, ovame nge-blint tint. Amamaki amnyama akhona nangama-fins anombala ofanayo nomzimba.
Umuntu angahlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane ngesikhathi sokuhluma esiswini esishubile sobukhulu.
I-Dorsinotta Parsing
I-Rasbora dorsinotata ayithandwa kangako, njengoba ihlukile ngombala okhanyayo. Izwe lenhlanzi lisenyakatho neThailand neLaos, imifula yeChao Phraya neMekong.
Umzimba (ongafika ku-4 cm) upendiwe ngo-ukhilimu okhanyayo noma ngamathoni e-beige, ulayini omnyama welula eceleni komugqa oseceleni, amaplamu acishe abe sobala, aphuzi.
I-Tornieri Parsing
URasbora tornieri watholakala ngudokotela wezilwane waseJalimane nodokotela oyi-paleontologist uGustav Tornier futhi waqanjwa ngaye. Ibonisa izinhlanzi kakhulu futhi kulula ukuyigcina.
I-Thailand, iCambodia, iVietnam, iMalawi, iBorneo, iSumatra - yonke le mikhakha ingabizwa ngokuthi yindawo yokuzalwa yaseTornieri. Inhlanzi ithanda amanzi amancane athambile ane-asidi eningi yezinto eziphilayo, emsulwa futhi namanje.
Lezi yizilwane ezifuywayo ezinkulu impela, ezifika ku-7-9 cm ubude. Owesifazane ugcwala kancane ukwedlula owesilisa ngesikhathi sokuzala. Umbala awubonisi kakhulu, unomhlane ompunga nesisu sesiliva esinomugqa omude omude omude eceleni, kodwa isikali singabonakala ngombala okhanyayo ngemisebe yegolide, ebomvana, neblue.
Dussona Ranges
Kuphela ngonyaka we-2013, iRasbora dusonensis yahlukaniswa nezinhlobonhlobo zeTornieri. Le nhlanzi enkulu, efinyelela ku-10 cm ubude, ihlala eMalaysia, eBorneo, eSumatra ezindaweni zokubhukuda, amachibi, amadamu, kunoma iyiphi indawo yokugcina izilondolozi - kusuka kokuhlanzekile kuya kokumileyo. Isimo esikhulu ukuthi amanzi awagezi, kepha amile, noma anesithombo esibuthakathaka kakhulu.
Zihluke eTornieri kuphela ngemibala ephuzi yamapulangwe amahle, izikali zilingana futhi zinesiliva, ohlangothini lwenhlanzi kukhona imichilo emibili yegolide futhi ecishe ibe mnyama.
Akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa abesilisa nabesifazane (laba abancane bakhulu), bazithobile kakhulu ezimeni zokuboshwa, zilungele abaqalayo.
Amaphayiphi amancane
Ama-micros we-Boraras nawo awathandeki kakhulu e-aquarium ngenxa yombala onsundu, kepha alula futhi awanambithekelo kulondolozo, olwabilikwa kalula. Zitholakala yonke indawo kunoma iyiphi indawo enamanzi iMekong; ngezikhathi zezimvula, umsele ngamunye unabantu.
Lezi zinhlanzi zihlukile ngoba mhlawumbe zincane kunazo zonke i-aquarium. Afinyelela kancane ku-1.5 cm ubude.
Umzimba ungwevu, ucwebe, ngokufana wonke amaplamu. Kungahle kube nezimpawu ezimnyama ezansi komsila futhi eduze kwe-anal fin.
Izindlela Zokujezisa
IBoraras merah iyindawo eseningizimu neBorneo. Inhlanzi incane kakhulu (1.5-2 cm), kodwa ikhanya. I-"Merah" ihunyushwe kususelwa olimini lwesi-Indonesia ngokuthi "obomvu". Inhlobo isongelwa ngokuqothulwa ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu ekwakhiweni kwamahlathi enjoloba, ukukhiqizwa kawoyela.
Isizinda somzimba esiyisisekelo sibomvu, emuva kungwephuzi-golide, maphakathi nalohlangothi ngalunye kukhona indawo emnyama eyindilinga ekhanyayo. Amapayipi asobala, okumaka okubomvu kumnyama ku-dorsal and anal.
Inhlanzi kulula ukuyigcina futhi izale.
URash Nevus
IBoraras naevus ibizwa nangokuthi iStrawberry Rasby, ngoba ikhumbuza lo mzimba ngombala obomvu okhanyayo namachashazi amnyama amnyama kuwo. Kukhona nophawu olumnyama phakathi kwezinhlangothi, phansi komsila, emadinsini nasezinhlafunweni.
Inhlanzi encane kakhulu, engaba ngu-2 cm ubude umahluko wobulili obucanyana - insikazi izungeza kancane esiswini.
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lezi zinhlobo yindawo engamakhosi aseAsia iMalacca, Thailand neMalaysia. Ihlala ikakhulukazi emachibini amasemanzini anezimanzi ezinamanzi zasemanzini namanzi amnyama amnyama.
Kulula ukugcinwa nokuzalela ekhaya.
Imigwaqo Emincane
IRasbora caudimaculata akuyona inhlanzi ekhanyayo kakhulu, ethakazelisa umlingiswa wayo weselula nowokudlala. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lezi zinhlobo yiMalaysia, iBorneo, iSumatra, yonke indawo enamanzi nezinye izidumbu ezinamanzi amile, amnyama emafutheni nasezintanjeni ezivela e-humus.
Imisila ye-Motley izinhlanzi ezinkulu, kuze kufike ku-15 cm ubude, kanti abesilisa banobunwele futhi babushelelezi. Umzimba uyisiliva ngokuphelele, kuphela umsila omkhulu wesikhafu onama-recess ophakathi udwetshwe obomvu nomnyama ekugcineni kwemikhawulo.
Okuqukethwe akwethembeki, kepha emhlambini, okufanele ube nabantu okungenani abayi-6, udinga ithangi okungenani lama-300-400 amalitha.
Awe-Spassted Rassings
I-Brevibora dorsiocellata iyinhlangano ethandwa kakhulu ebilokhu yenziwa ngokuzenza isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu, ngakho-ke ihunyushelwa kalula kunoma iyiphi indawo yasemanzini.
Imifula nemifudlana ehlathini elishisayo lendawo enhlonhlo yeMalacca, Borneo, Sumatra - lokhu kuyindawo yemvelo yezinhlobo. Ngenxa yokubhujiswa kwehlathi, iSotot-back Rasbori, njengezinye izitshalo nezitshalo ezishisayo, isondele ekubhujisweni.
Le nhlanzi incane (cishe ama-3.5 cm), kodwa ikhanya futhi yinhle. Ithoni enkulu yomzimba yigrey-silver, ngaphansi komsila, umaki obomvu emadodeni nphuzi kwabesifazane. I-dorsal fin ilula ngomaka omnyama omkhulu. Isikali esikhulu sidlala elangeni futhi sikhanywa ngegolide nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kulula ukuyigcina nokuzala ekhaya.
Ukukhokhisa Imililo
I-Boraras urophthalmoides ziyizinhlanzi ezincane kakhulu, ezikhanyayo futhi ezihamba nendlwana, azikhumbuli futhi kulula ukuzigcina nokuzalanisa.
EThailand, eCambodia naseVietnam, atholakala unyaka nonyaka emanzini acwebile futhi angenasawoti, asakazeka ngenkathi yezikhukhula aze afike ngisho nasemasimini akhungethwe yizikhukhula.
Umuntu omdala cishe u-2 cm. Izindawo zokuhlala zemvelo zezinhlobo ngenxa yokushoda kwezinsiza zomsoco kuholele ekunciphiseni okukhulu kosayizi, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ezinye izinhlobo zemibono zisakhula zifike ku-4-5 cm. Amathoni abomvu nawolintshi avela kumbala wesilwane. Umucu omfushane omnyama owenziwe nge-ruby omnyama uwela eceleni komugqa we-lateral, futhi umaki ofanayo uyatholakala ngaphansi komsila. Amaphiko kukhona translucent. Lapho iphendulwa ibheke phansi, umbala wezinhlanzi ufana nephuzu lokubhula.
Ukwehluka kobulili kubuthakathaka kakhulu. Owesifazane ungahlukaniswa kowesilisa kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala, isisu sakhe sivuvukala kancane.
Somfongsey Parsing
I-Trigonostigma somphongsi isilwane esiyivelakancane ngokweqile emanzini. Kuze kube muva nje, bekukholelwa ukuthi abantu baseSomfongsi bafa ngokuphelele, kodwa eminyakeni yamuva nje kwathunyelwa izinhlanzi ezivela emapulazini ezinhlanzi zaya eJalimane, ezibandakanya lolu hlobo.
Phambilini indawo yaseSomfongsi yayihlala kuyo yonke imizimba yamanzi eThailand, kepha manje izinhlanzi azitholakali esifundazweni saseRatchaburi kuphela, esiseduzane naseBangkok.
Lezi ezifuywayo ezingenasisekelo zingaba ngu-3 cm ubude, imibala esemqoka kumbala zibomvu zethusi futhi ziphuzi. Engxenyeni engemuva yomzimba, umucu omnyama ugijimela emgqeni we-lateral. I-plumage isobala.
I-Slender Parsing
I-Trigonopoma gracile incane kakhulu, iyaselula futhi ayikhathaleli okuqukethwe.
Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yiNhlonhlo iMalacca, iziqhingi ezinkulu zeSunda, iBorneo, iSumatra. Uncamela amanzi amnyama amile.
Khula ufike ku-5 cm ubude. Umzimba unobuhle futhi ubude, amaplamu asobala aphakeme futhi ubude. Amehlo ngokulingana nomzimba omncane anciphile futhi abonakala. Umugqa omnyama obanzi ugijimisana nomzimba wesiliva grey ohambisana nomugqa owalandela.
I-Parsing Chia
I-Brevibora cheeya ayitholakali kakhulu e-aquarium, njengoba ukugqama kwemibala kungafani.
I-"Chee" ihunyushwa isuka kwelaseShayina ngomqondo osondele ngokuthi "amafushane." Inhlanzi incane impela futhi ipendwe ngamathoni ampunga angwevu. I-plumage ingaba bomvu, umaki omnyama ngaphansi kwephasi le-dorsal.
Ngokwemvelo, ihlala echibini elinamatshe aseMalaysia, eSumatra, e-Bank Island. Ikhula ibe ngu-3-4 cm.
Izigaba Zentathu Yezintambo
I-Rasbora trilineata yinhlanzi engenakuzithoba elungele noma imuphi umuntu wasemanzini wokuqala. Inombala obuthuntu, kepha ogqamile. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lezi zinhlobo zezindawo zokugcina amanzi ezihamba kancane zeCambodia, iMalaysia, iThailand, neLaos. Ezikhathini zemvula enkulu zithatha izindawo ezinkulu zezindawo ezinamanzi nezindawo zokugcina amanzi.
Umzimba omkhulu, okhula ufike ku-15 cm, izinhlanzi zezindlela ezisheshayo nezinomusa, zidwetshwe ngamathoni esiliva. Imicu emincane emincane ewela eceleni komzimba kanye nemichilo emibili emnyama itholakala ezindlini ezinde zomsila. Emisebeni yokukhanya, kubonakala sengathi imigqa yamalahle emithathu isakaza umfudlana wesiliva, futhi lokhu kuye kwaqamba igama lezinhlobonhlobo.
Abesifazane bagcwala kancane esifundeni sesisu ukwedlula abesilisa, bazala kalula ekudingisweni, kepha emhlambini onezingcezu eziyisithupha, kudingeka ithangi elinamandla amalitha angama-400.
I-Elegant Parsing
I-Rasbora elegans nayo iyisidalwa esikhulu (15-17 cm), esingathandwa kangako ngenxa yemibala ebuthuntu nesidingo sokugcina iphakethe lezilwane ezifuywayo endaweni yokugcina izinto ezinkulu. Kepha izinhlanzi azithobeki futhi zizalela kahle.
IMalaysia, iBorneo neSumatra yindawo yokuhlala yalolu hlobo, okuhlala kuyo iningi ihlala ezinhlafunweni zemifula nasemifuleni ezolile ephuma kuyo.
Umzimba upendiwe ngesiliva ngamathoni omnqumo, amapayipi acishe abonakale nge-tint ephuzi, kunamamaki amnyama ezinhlangothini nasisekelo se-caudal fin.
Ama-Rows Clown
I-Rasbora kalochroma - izakhamizi zomdabu zaseSumatra naseKalimantan, izakhamizi ze-peat bogs kanye nemifula yehlathi elishisayo. Uhlobo lokuhlala lwe-biotopic luyindawo yokugcina amanzi engajulile enendawo enombala omnyama ngenxa yokugcwala okukhulu kwama-tannins nezinto eziphilayo. Amanzi akuso athambile futhi ane-acidic kancane.
Izinhlobo zabantu abadala zifinyelela ku-10 cm ubude, ngakho-ke kudingeka ithangi elikhulu ngomhlambi. Imibala ebomvu neorenji igcwele umbala, amabala amnyama atholakele emzimbeni ngendlela efanayo nase-Elegant, kanti ulutsha lufana nombala we-Dwarf. Ngakho-ke, kaningi zonke lezi zinhlobo ezintathu zididaniswa.
Ukuhlaziywa kuka-Einthoven
I-Rasbora einthovenii ivame ukubizwa encazelweni njengeDayimane Parsing. Le nhlobonhlobo ifinyelela kubukhulu obungamasentimitha ayi-10. Inemibala yesiliva eqinile enemibala yesiliva enemucu omnyama ezinhlangothini namaphiko okusobala. Isikali esikhulu sibonisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo futhi okuhle, izinhlanzi zibonakala zigudlwa ngamadayimane. Kuyamangaza kuzo zonke iziqiwu zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ngamanzi aswayimane futhi ageleza kancane.
Ukubuyiselwa emuva Ngokuphindisela
Ama-rubrodorsalis amaRasbora akhanya kakhulu futhi angafani kakhulu e-aquarium, akhula kuphela kufinyelela ku-3-4 cm.Ahlala kakhulu eThailand endaweni yaseMekong kanye neRasbori ebomvu, enezinto eziningi ezifanayo.
Emzimbeni wesiliva eceleni komugqa wekhova kukhona umucu omnyama negolide, umbala obomvu awukho emaphethelweni we-lobes yomsila, kepha ezansi. Umaka onjalo we-ruby ubuye ku-dorsal fin.
Mesh Parsing
IRasbora vulcanus yinhlanzi encane efinyelela ku-4 cm, okubonakala sengathi imbozwe ngenethi. Lo mphumela unikeza ukuhlelwa okumnyama esikalini esikhulu. Umbala uligolide, emadodeni ngesikhathi sokuzala ubomvu ngokugqamile, okwaveza igama lezinhlobo. Yize kunenganekwane yokuthi le nhlanzi ihlala echibini elingaphansi kwentaba-mlilo esebenzayo iTaldang (Sumatra).
Imvamisa edidaniswa neBordered Rasbora reticulata, kepha lolu hlobo lukhulu (6 cm), lubala ngombala, luhlala endaweni encane yeSumatra eNias.
Izisekelo ze-Aquarium
Yize zonke izinhlobonhlobo zeRasbor zingabekezeleleki kakhulu, ukuze izinhlanzi zibe ngumhlobiso weqiniso wokugcina ikhaya futhi ziphile impilo ejabulisayo eduze komuntu, kuyadingeka ukudala izimo ezifanele isilwane:
- Khetha ithangi elifanele lesimo esingunxande, ukuphakama okuncane, ubude obude nobubanzi. Ama-parsings ahlala kuphela emhlambini. Ezinhlanzini ezincane ezingama-8-10 (ukuya kufinyelela ku-5 cm), amalitha angama-60-100 amandla anele, ngoba ezinkulu (i-10-15 cm) kuzofanela ufake i-aquarium okungenani amalitha angama-300-400.
- Ukumelana nemingcele edingekayo yendawo yasemanzini, eduze nokwakheka kwendalo: lokushisa + 21 ... + 27 ° C, acidity 5.8-7.3 pH, ubuncane bokubunzima 2-13 Ungavumeli izixazululo kasawoti zingene ethangini.
- Njengomgabuli ongaphansi, khetha isitho esimanzi esithambile nesimnyama (ipeat, amatshe amatshe kanye ne-gravel), kufanele sitshalwe kakhulu ngezitshalo zasemanzini odongeni lwangemuva nasezinhlangothini, kushiya ingaphambili lokuhamba okusebenzayo nemidlalo yomhlambi. Isibonelo, i-pterygoid microsorum, iMalai fern, i-cryptocoryne, i-anubias.
- Setha indawo edingekayo - i-driftwood, emihumeni, emafulethini, ukuze umndeni wakwaRasbor ube nendawo yokukhosela eyanele, hhayi kuphela phakathi kwezikhwanyana zezitshalo.
- Ukuze "upende" amanzi futhi uwagcwalise ngama-tannins, udinga ukuthenga isikhwama sokwethuka esikhethekile kwi-zoo, ungafaka amaqabunga omisiwe namaqabunga e-okhi phansi. Lokhu kuzokwenza mnyama kube mnyama futhi kusize ukufezekisa ukuthambisa kwayo okuphezulu.
- Ukuhlunga kanye ne-aeration kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka ethangini nokushiswa komoya-mpilo, kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iRasbori ayizibekezeleli izivunguvungu ezisheshayo, bathanda amanzi amile futhi ahamba kancane, ngakho-ke ukusakazwa kwensiza kufanele kulungiswe kube kuncane. Ukuze kuthambe ukuthambisa okuphakathi, into yokuhlunga kumele ifakwe futhi.
- Ukugcina ukwakheka kwe-hydrochemical yemvelo yasemanzini kanye ngeviki, kuyadingeka ukufaka endaweni eyodwa yesine noma yesihlanu yayo, futhi njalo kuphonsa phansi.
- Setha ukukhanya okulungile futhi ugcine amahora afanele wemini. Emvelweni, izinhlanzi zihlala engxenyeni ephezulu naphakathi nendawo yokugcina, kodwa ngaphansi komqhele wezihlahla, ngakho-ke zithanda ukukhanya okufiphele.
- Kufanele kube nesembozo ku-aquarium. I-Parsing idlala kakhulu futhi ingagxuma kalula ethangini.
- Ungakhohlwa ukuthi iRasbor yinhlanzi eshisayo, ngakho-ke udinga ukufaka i-heater ukuze ulondoloze izinga lokushisa elifunekayo endaweni yokugcina amanzi.
Ukuzala
I-Parsing uhlobo lwenhlanzi oluvundayo. Izinsikazi zishanela amaqanda, zilisakaza emanzini, abesilisa bafaka umquba ngalo ubisi ngokushesha. Kulokhu, imisebenzi yabo yobuzali iyaphela, lezi zilwane ezifuywayo azikuqapheli ubumbano nenzalo, zingazidla ngokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, uma kunesidingo sentsha egcwele ngokuphelele, khona-ke inqubo yokuzalela kufanele isondelwe ngendlela efanele futhi ihlelwe kahle.
Okokuqala, ukusatshalaliswa kulungiselelwe (amalitha angama-20 kuya kwangu-30 ngokuzalaniswa kwamaqembu, amalitha ayi-6 ukuya kwayi-10) ngomklamo omncane. Inhlabathi ehlanganayo (amatshe, amabhola engilazi) ibekwe phansi kwayo, izinto zayo kufanele zishiye izindawo ezingenalutho phakathi kwazo. Kukuwo lapho amaqanda azowa khona lapho avikeleke ekudleni ngabazali. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-mesh enezikhala ezincane noma izitshalo ezincane ezinamanzi amancane (i-ricchia, iJavanese mosses).
Idiphozithi kufanele ifakwe i-aerator, i-heater nesihlungi esincane sesiponji, izibani ezifiphele. Izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zamanzi avela endaweni yokugcina amanzi ejwayelekile (edlulisa isihlungi samalahle) futhi enye ingxenye yokuhlanzeka ihlanzekile ithululelwa kuwo. Kungcono ukuxuba pre-distilled ne-tap, lokhu kuzosiza ukukhulisa ukuthamba. I-acidity esezingeni eliphansi kumele yehliselwe ku-6 pH. Leli nani lingatholakala ngokusebenzisa isikhwama se-peat nesithelo se-alder yembewu ukuze amanzi esihlahleni esivulekile afane ngombala netiyi elinywe kancane.
Amabili omhlambi emhlanjini uvame ukusungulwa ngokuzimela lapho efinyelela ebusheni (izinyanga eziyi-6 kuya kwezi-2, kuya ngezinhlobo zezilwane). Kungakuhle ukuthi abazali besikhathi esizayo babeqhamuka emaqenjini ahlukene kanti abesilisa baneminyaka eminingi bezelwe, njengoba bekhula kungekudala kunabesifazane.
Ukuvuselela imidlalo yokuzalela, faka kuqala ukwanda kokushisa kwendawo yasemanzini ngamadigri ambalwa ukusuka kokujwayelekile e-aquarium ejwayelekile, ukondla nsuku zonke ngokudla okubukhoma futhi kuhlume igciwane likakolweni (i-Vitamin E). Izinsikazi zilulama ngokushesha, izisu zazo ziyindilinga. Futhi abesilisa bathola umbala omuhle futhi baqala ukuthandana ngokuzikhandla.
Abesifazane nabesifazane abakhulu kunabo bonke badluliselwa ethangini elikhipha amanzi ngokuvamile kusihlwa futhi bacishe ngokuphelele ukukhanya lapho.
Ukuze ulingise isikhathi semvula ekuseni, kancane kancane kufakwa amanzi apholile ku-sedimentator njalo emahoreni ambalwa, kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa lehla ngamadigri amabili noma amathathu.
Ukunwebeka kungaqala ngosuku olufanayo, futhi kuhuduleke isonto lonke, njengoba ukukhukhula kwenzeka ngeziqeshana ezincane zezingcezu eziyi-10. Isibonakaliso sokuthi inqubo sesiphelile kuzoba ukulahleka kwesisindo okubukhali kwabesifazane, izisu zabo eziyindilinga zizonyamalala, okusho ukuthi i-caviar evundisiwe yonke isezingeni eliphansi futhi nabazali bangasuswa ezindaweni ezivuthiwe. Ngokuqhekeka okukodwa, insikazi iyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda afinyelela kwangama-200.
I-Parsing ijwayele ukuhlushwa amaqanda, ngakho-ke, insikazi kungcono "ukudonsa" ukususa izibungu ezisele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izintokazi ezingafundile zihlushwa ama-cysts ama-ovari, ngakho-ke udinga ukukhuthaza ukwanda okungenani kathathu ngonyaka, noma ngabe asikho isidingo senzalo. Kulokhu, udinga nje ukuvumela abanye abahlali bethangi ukuba badle ubumbano, futhi ungafaki iRasbor ekuqhekekeni.
Ngemuva kosuku olulodwa kuya kwezimbili, i-fry iqala ukuqandeka. Amanzi kufanele ancishiselwe ekufakweni okufakwayo kube yi-5 cm.Ngemuva kwezinye izinsuku ezingama-4-5, izoba ngumkhombe bese isiringi sokuqala sizongeniswa kuso - amasilili kanye nama-rotifers. Ngemuva kwenyanga, i-fry izokhula kakhulu futhi umbala wesimilo uzoqala ukwakha kuwo.
Izifo ezingaba khona
Ngezinga elifanele lokunakekelwa nokugcinwa, amaRassings angaphila iminyaka emihlanu futhi angalimali. Uma kwenzeka kwephulwa imingcele yendawo yasemanzini kanye nenhlanzeko, izifo ezifana:
- Amakhaza nezifo zokukhunta. Zenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi lehla ngaphansi kuka +20 ° C. Ukuze usize isilwane, kufanele sikhule kancane size sifinyelele ku-28 ... + 30 ° C, ukuthuthukisa ukubamba iqhaza ethangini.
- I-Oodiniosis. Lokhu ukunqotshwa okuyisidina kweRasbor. Ukwelashwa, kusetshenziswa isisombululo se-Bicillin-5, i-Chloramphenicol, okugeza okufakwe usawoti kancane.
- Ukuxineka. Zingavela lapho kushintsha amapharamitha emvelo yasemanzini - ukuqina ngokweqile ne-alkalinity. Ekuqaleni, izinhlanzi ziba nenjabulo enkulu, bese kulandela ukubekeka phansi nokungakhathali. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi ngokushesha kube nezinkomba zonke, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokusindisa izilwane ezifuywayo.