Ukuhamba nabangani
Phakathi kwamakhorali, njengengadi yepharadesi!
Kepha uma umuntu esaba ukuklwebheka
Umuntu owonile usongelwa ngokulangazelela.
Igama uqobo lwalo lizokukwenza uhloniphe!
Siyathandeka nje, zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobo.
Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokucasula -
Udokotela ohlinzayo uzobuyisa izikhalazo.
Ubungozi buqhathaniswa nobuhle -
Yebo pah! Kepha vele ungasishayi phansi.
Sisekhaya olwandle - kepha uyalinda
Kungcono ukungaphazamisi abanikazi abakuyo.
Sibone yonke into ihamba esikrinini -
Inkanyezi yethu eye yadlala i-Dory *?
Udinga i-autograph? Sondela.
Awuzwanga kukhona yini izindima ezintsha?
Futhi kwesinye isikhathi siphuthelwa ukuthula,
Futhi ngifuna ukukhanyisa phezu kwesisekelo!
Hhayi, ukusatshalaliswa, yebo, esihambisa kuye iva.
Kepha ukudumala ngeke kwehle.
Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha nje ngale ndlela,
Futhi lapha abadlali - okungenani badonse inethiwekhi!
Sinokuthula, ngikholwe, manene,
Unganaki ukwenza ubungani nabantu.
Kusuka ochungechungeni oluthi "Amakhosi Olwandle"
I-Surgeon noma i-scalpel fish yinhlanzi yasolwandle yomndeni ohlinzayo ohlala olwandle olufudumele namanzi asezindaweni ezishisayo. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo eziyi-9 zohlobo lwenhlobo nezinhlobo ezingama-72, ubude bomzimba ukusuka ku-10 cm kuya kumitha eli-1. Ungowomndeni wezinhlanzi we-Acanthuridae. Izinhlanzi ezihlinzayo zibiza igama lazo ngemiphunga ebukhali enobuthi yokuthi izinhlayiya zazo ze-caudal zifakwe; lezi spikes zibukhali kangangokuba ziqhathaniswa necala lokuhlinzwa le-scalpel. Kusho izinhlanzi eziyingozi kubantu.
Izinhlanzi zaseSurgeon zithanda ukuhlala emanzini ashisayo phakathi kwezixhobo zamakhorali. Udokotela ohlinzayo onsundu uvamile esifundeni sase-Indo-Pacific. Lapho, usuka e-Afrika uye eziqhingini zaseHawaii, ungahlangana nodokotela ohlinzayo onemigqa. Udokotela ohlinza amabele omhlophe utholakala ogwini lwaseKenya, iMaldives, eSeychelles, e-Indonesia.
Izinhlanzi zihola impilo yansuku zonke, zihlala emihlanjini emincane, esivele isencane ikhombisa imvelo yokuvikela insimu yazo. Owesilisa oqinile uvame ukuba ne-harem yabesifazane abaningana, kepha lokhu akuvimbi umuntu ngamunye ekubeni nesikhala sakhe. Lezi zinhlanzi, zimane zidingeka empilweni entofontofo.
Njengomthetho, wonke amalungu omndeni wokuhlinza izinhlanzi ezingaphansi. Zitholakala ekujuleni kwamamitha angama-30, futhi kwesinye isikhathi zijule ngisho nangaphezulu. Imvamisa, lezi zinhlanzi ezidwetshwayo zithanda izigxobo zamakhorali, ama-algae thickets, amadwala angaphansi kwamanzi.
* Ngubani obuke ikhathuni elidumile ngenhlanzi yakwaNemo ("Ukuthola uNemo"), mhlawumbe ukhumbula umngani wakhe - uDory. Le yinhlanzi efanayo elokhu ikhohlwa konke. Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni sikaDory kwakuyinhlanzi ehlinzayo!
(Umthombo wolwazi: http://dallennamefish.ru/fish150=ruba-hirurg, http://nashirybki.ru/rybki/ryba-xirurg.html,
Izinhlanzi eziyingozi zoLwandle Olubomvu: http://svr.su/content/item/1298/, http://www.o-prirode.com/news/2014-07-23-563,
"Izinhlanzi zaseSurgeon - inkanyezi yesinema":
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eGF_xp_WYLI
Umzekeliso: Collage:
1. Udokotela ohlinzayo uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma wasebukhosini (okufana Dory),
2. Udokotela ohlinzayo wase-Arabia,
3. Udokotela ohlinzayo we-Achilles,
4. Udokotela ohlinzayo waseJapan.
Ngabe umeleli womndeni ohlinzayo ubukeka kanjani?
Lezi zinhlanzi ezikhanyayo zine-torso e-oval. Ubude bomzimba wabo buvela kumasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-60.
Ukusuka ezinhlangothini, isiqu sazo sinokwakheka okucaba kancane. Isikali sikhona kuphela ezindaweni ezise-lateral. Lezi zilwane kuthiwa zinenhlanzi ekhazimulayo ngenxa yamaphiko awo, afakwe ngemisebe engaphambili ngaphambili.
Izinhlanzi zaseSurgeon zinemibala ehlukahlukene emangalisayo.
Umbala walezi zinhlanzi uhluke ngokuphelele. Zingaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nsundu, owolintshi nohlaza. Imvamisa, ufudu lwayo luhlotshiswe ngemichilo enemibala ehlukahlukene namanye amaphethini, lapho lezi zinhlanzi ezincane ziye zathola ukuqashelwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo zasekhaya ezifuywayo.
Indlela yokuphila yezinhlanzi yaseSurgeon kanye nokudla okunempilo
Njengomthetho, wonke amalungu omndeni wokuhlinza izinhlanzi ezingaphansi. Zitholakala ekujuleni kwamamitha angama-30, futhi kwesinye isikhathi zijule ngisho nangaphezulu. Imvamisa, lezi zinhlanzi ezidwetshwayo zithanda izigxobo zamakhorali, ama-algae thickets, amadwala angaphansi kwamanzi.
Endle bahlala emhlambini omncane, kepha lokhu akuvimbi umuntu ngamunye ekubeni nesikhala sakhe. Lezi zinhlanzi, zimane zidingeka empilweni entofontofo.
Udokotela ohlinzayo onsundu.
Inhlanzi ehlinzayo ihola indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke, ngalesi sikhathi kunokudla okunomsoco nokubhukuda okusebenzayo ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Njengomthetho, i-algae ingumthombo oyinhloko wokudla okunempilo kwezinhlanzi ezihlinzayo.
Kususwa kanjani inzalo kuhlinzwa
Kusukela ngoDisemba nokuphela kukaJulayi, ukuqhakaza kwenzeka ezinhlanzini ezihlinzayo. Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi iziqongo zomsebenzi zenzeka phakathi nenyanga egcwele.
Inhlanzi ehlinza nge-Yellowfish.
Imvelo engajulile ebusweni bamanzi, inhlanzi ehlinzela insikazi ihlwitha amaqanda amancane ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40. Ububanzi beqanda elilodwa elinjalo cishe ngamamilimitha ayi-0.7. Izibungu ziphuma emaqanda cishe ngosuku.
Ezinsukwini ezinhlanu kamuva, izibungu zenhlanzi ezohlinzwa seziqala ukuzimela ngokuzimela e-plankton.
Abafuyi balezi zinhlanzi bathi ukuzalanisa kunzima. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lezi zinhlanzi zizalela kangcono kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ama-aquarists ngokuvamile anezinkinga zokuzalela inzalo.
Inhlanzi ehlinzela amabele amhlophe.
Inani lokudoba
Inyama yenhlanzi ehlinzayo ibhekwa njengeyokudliwa, kepha ayinambitheki kakhulu. Ochwepheshe bathi konke kungenxa yamakhambi alezi zinhlanzi.
Mhlawumbe, imvelo idale lezi zinhlanzi ezimangalisayo ukuthi zingazidli, kodwa ukuze zizithokozise!
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Ingabe izinhlanzi ziphuza amanzi?
Ngamafuphi, yebo futhi cha. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zikwazi ukulinganisa ukugcwala kukasawoti emanzini nasemizimbeni yabo (ngokuhlukile emanzini amnyama nenhlanzi yasolwandle). Ungapenda umbhalo omningi, kepha bukela ividiyo ehunyushiwe ngezincazelo ezicacile ngale nqubo: vk.com
Impendulo enhle 2 2
Ngabe izinzuzo zamafutha ezinhlanzi zingabhekwa njengokufakazelwa ngokwesayensi? (izixhumanisi zocwaningo zamukelekile)
Ngiyakwazi. Amafutha enhlanzi atholakala ikakhulu esibindini senhlanzi ye-cod. Futhi lokhu kungenye yemithombo embalwa yokudla evithamini D.
Emuva ngo-1913, udokotela wasePoland uS S. Rachinsky waxhuma ithonya lokukhanya kwelanga kanye nokuhlehliswa kwezimpawu zama-rickets ezinganeni (ngesizathu esithile lokhu akubhaliwe ku-Wikipedia), ke, ngo-1914, udokotela wezilwane ongumNgisi uMellenby waphawula ukuthi izinja ezisebenzisa uwoyela wezinhlanzi azihlushwa ama-rickets. Futhi kuphela ngo-1922 kwaboniswa ukuthi into, engabizwa igama ngaleso sikhathi, emafutheni ezinhlanzi, okusobala ukuthi ikhishwe ku-Vitamin A, ipholisa ama-rickets. Umuthi uqanjwe ngegama elithi Vitamin D ngumqondo olula ngokumangazayo: ngonyaka ka 1922, kutholakala amavithamini A, B, no C.
IVitamin D uqobo ikhiqizwa esikhunjeni ngaphansi kwethonya le-ultraviolet B (UVB - wavelength 290-320 nm). Lawa misebe kufanele afinyelele esikhunjeni ngama-degree angama-35, kepha kusuka ngoSepthemba kuya ku-Ephreli, lo msakazo wemisebe ye-UV udlula kwi-latitude yethu ye-tangentially (iMoscow, iSt. Petersburg). Kungakho emithanjeni yethu, amavithamini D kumele atholakale ngokudla noma uhlobo lwezithasiselo ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abanempilo impilo yonke. Kubalulekile futhi ukunaka ukuthi le vithamini inempahla yokuqongelela izicubu ze-adipose futhi ibonise ubuthi. Ngakho-ke, umthamo we-vithamini D ukhethwa yi-endocrinologist noma udokotela wezingane.
Ividiyo
Umhlambi wabantu abahlinza emhlolweni wamakhorali
Izinhlanzi zaseSurgeon - izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezihlala eziqongweni zamakhorali. Kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezingama-80 kuhlobo lwesithupha. Idume kakhulu phakathi kwezasolwandle zasolwandle. Inhlanzi ehlinzayo ingeyomndeni wezinhlanzi we-Acanthuridae. Lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi luvame ukuhlala ezisekelweni zezinsimbi zamakhorali oLwandle Olubomvu. Amaphini awo we-caudal afakwe esikalini-ipuleti ebukhali, ebukhali kangangokuba aqhathaniswa necala lokuhlinzwa le-scalpel blade. Ngalezi zizathu, igama lezinhlobo ze "Fish Surgeon" lavela. Imvamisa eyodwa noma ezimbili zalezi spikes zitholakala ohlangothini ngalunye. Lapho inhlanzi isesimweni esizolile, lezi zipiki zicindezelwa emzimbeni zifakwe emzimbeni okhethekile esikhunjeni, lapho udokotela ohlinzayo ezwa ingozi, uqondisa izinhlaka zakhe ezinhlangothini, aziguqule zibe yisikhali esinamandla. Kusho izinhlanzi eziyingozi kubantu. Odokotela abahlinzayo bahola indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke, bahlangane ngawabo, emihlambini nakumaqoqo amakhulu. Amalungu amaningi omndeni adla i-algae enamathiselwe, amanye adla nge-plankton ne-detritus. Ubude bomzimba ukusuka ku-10 cm kuya kumitha eli-1. Umbala odokotela abahlinzayo ukhanya kakhulu, uhlukahlukene. Umzimba ungaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uphuzi kalamula noma ubomvu opinki. Abanikazi bombala onsundu bavame ukuba nephethini ethandekayo yokuqhathanisa. Izibungu zodokotela abahlinzayo bahluke ngokuphelele kubazali bazo, azigcini ngombala ohlukile, kodwa futhi zinesici esivelanayo - izinqa zomsila. Yenza isilwane sakho sibe inkanyezi i-e-prirode.com. Bamba iqhaza kulo mncintiswano. Silinde izithombe zezilwane zakho. Funda kabanzi HEREAuza
Ukuphrinta kabusha izindatshana nezithombe kuvunyelwe kuphela nge-hyperlink esizeni:
Ngabe leli gama lavelaphi
Lezi zakhamizi zasolwandle zibizwa ngokuthi izinhlanzi ezihlinzayo (futhi kwesinye isikhathi izinhlanzi ezibizwa nge-scalpel) ngesici sazo esiyisici esiyinhloko - zibhoboza bukhali njenge-razor, ezitholakala ngenhla nangaphansi komsila. Izinhlanzi zisebenzisa lezi spikes ukuzivikela.
Kwesinye isikhathi ama-bathers angenandaba futhi ahlukahlukene, esethathe isinqumo sokuthinta inhlanzi enhle, uthola amanxeba abucayi impela. Ngokulimala okunjalo, imvamisa, ngaphezu kokwelapha inxeba uqobo, i-anti-allergic prophylaxis iyadingeka, ngoba ukusabela komzimba ngakunye kungenzeka.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani inhlanzi ehlinzayo?
Iningi labahlinzayo lincane ngosayizi - lifinyelela amasentimitha angama-40 ubude, isilinganiso samasentimitha ayi-15-18. Kuliqiniso, kukhona futhi nodokotela ohlinza impumulo okhula aze afike kumitha ubude.
Izinhlanzi zaseSurgeon azinawo umzimba ophakeme kakhulu, amehlo amakhulu nomlomo omncane. Bondla ikakhulu nge-algae, kwesinye isikhathi kufaka ne-plankton ekudleni kwabo.
Umbala walezi zinhlanzi muhle kakhulu futhi uhlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, wonke umzimba udokotela ohlinzayo onemigqa upendewe ngemicu ekhanyayo emincane eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Udokotela ohlinzwe amabele omhlophe ngombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ogqamile, ophethe umbala ophuzi obomvu nekhanda elimnyama. Udokotela ohlinzayo wase-Arabhu ngemivimbo emnyama grey namabala e-orange ngaphansi kwama-pectoral fink ubukeka enesizotha xaxa.
Bahlala kuphi odokotela abahlinzwa olwandle?
Izinhlanzi zaseSurgeon zithanda ukuhlala emanzini ashisayo phakathi kwezixhobo zamakhorali. Udokotela ohlinzayo onsundu uvamile esifundeni sase-Indo-Pacific. Lapho, usuka e-Afrika uye eziqhingini zaseHawaii, ungahlangana nodokotela ohlinzayo onemigqa. Udokotela ohlinzela amabele amhlophe utholakala ngasogwini lwaseKenya, eMaldives, eSeychelles, e-Indonesia.
Udokotela ohlinzayo wase-Arab uhlala entshonalanga yoLwandlekazi i-Indian - ukusuka ePersian Gulf kuya oLwandle Olubomvu.
Abahlinza e-aquarium
Ngemibala egqamile yalezi zinhlanzi zasemanzini ziyithanda kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukugcina odokotela abahlinzayo akuyona into elula. Okokuqala, izinhlanzi zalolu hlobo zidinga kakhulu ekuhlanzekeni kwe-aquarium. Umthamo wayo, ngendlela, kufanele ube okungenani amalitha ayi-1000. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bancintisana ukuthola indawo futhi banolaka ngokubhekisele kwezinye izinhlanzi (ikakhulukazi abesilisa bahlukile kulokhu).
Emvelweni, odokotela abahlinzayo bahlala bodwa, babuthana emihlambini kuphela ngenkathi yokuzala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela ohlinzayo uzalela kabi ekudingisweni. Kungakho abamele izinhlobo zezilwane ezibanjwe endaweni yemvelo kaningi bengangeni ku-aquarium, kodwa babanjwe endaweni yemvelo. Izinhlanzi "zasendle" ezinjalo zinzima kakhulu ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ze-aquarium.