Lesi sigaba siqukethe izindatshana eziphathelene ne-aquarium yasolwandle nezakhamuzi zayo - izinhlanzi kanye nama-invertebrates.
Isigaxa senkunzi yobunjiniyela sifana naleso senkomo ejwayelekile, kepha yinde kakhulu futhi icishe ifane ne-moray eels - umzimba omude, futhi ibhukuda kakhulu ukuwohloka. Isici esimangalisa sale nkunzi kungumsebenzi onzima nomlingiswa ongakhathali. Unjiniyela wethole-inkomo wemba izimbobo - hhayi izimbobo nje, kepha ikati lamambala. Unjiniyela we-Goby Pholidichthys leucotaenia) unesimo esihle kakhulu. Akunalo nolaka ngokuphelele kwezinye izakhamuzi ze-aquarium, aliluma noma lincishe lutho. Isilwane esifanelekile, ngaphandle kwalapho uma sigaya futhi sikhafulela ngenhlabathi, sikhipha umoya omningi kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, kubathandi bezinhlanzi zasemanzini eziqoqiwe ngeqoqo lama-acropores angavamile, le nhlanzi ayifanele. Futhi kumdobi we-aquarium, noma uma ungakhathazeki ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi ukumiswa kwezinhlayiya zenhlabathi kundiza emanzini ase-aquarium, le yinhlanzi ekahle.
Amahhashi olwandle - exotic langempela emanzini olwandle! Lezi zinhlanzi ezingajwayelekile zingezomndeni wakwa-Syngnathidae (iSeahorses nezinaliti), futhi ungowokugcina kwezihlobo. Bazizwa bekhulu ekhaya lezinhlanzi zasemakhaya "ezivuthiwe", abadingi amavolumu amakhulu, i-aquarium yamalitha ayi-100 ilungele umbhangqwana walezi zinhlanzi ezimangalisayo. Ungagcina izinhlanzi ezincane, ezinokuthula, ezingaphansi ngezihlakala zakho: izinja, izithambisi, ama-tangerines. Ama-seahorses nawo alungele i-aquarium e-reef.
Iminduze yolwandle (i-Crinoidea) iyizilwane zasendulo ezingokwama-echinoderms. Abamele iminduze yasolwandle engaphekiwe kutholakala kakhulu ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Bangobani, bahlelwe kanjani nokuthi banganakekelwa kanjani?
I-aquarium yasolwandle egcinwe kahle enamakhorali ekhaya ngempela ingumhlobiso wanoma yikuphi okungaphakathi! Ama-corals Hard anzima kakhulu ukuwondla kunamakhorali athambile, kepha izinhlobo ezilula ukuzigcina zitholakala naphakathi kwamakhorali kanzima. Sikhethe amakhorali angenakubalwa kakhulu afaneleka kubo bobabili ochwepheshe kanye nabaqalayo bezasemanzini.
Lapho usetha i-aquarium yasolwandle ekhaya, sivame ukubhekana nokukhetha: ingabe le aquarium izogcwala inhlanzi - noma ingabe iyoba yi-aquarium e-reef enezinhlanzi namakhorali. I-Aquarium enamakhorali ihlobisa ngokwengeziwe, iyakhanga futhi iyathakazelisa, kepha idinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe, ukunakekelwa, imali nomzamo. Phakathi kwamakhorali athambile, kukhona abamele abafuna kakhulu, futhi kulula ukubanakekela. Sikhethe iqembu lamakhorali athambile, elizosebenza ngokufanelekile nabaqalayo ekhaya.
I-aquarium yasolwandle ihluke kakhulu kunamanzi amasha, zombili imibala nezinhlobo zezilwane, nobunzima bokugcinwa kwayo. Sikhethe izinhlanzi ezifuna kakhulu futhi ezinesifiso esikhulu kunazo zonke ezitholakalayo kubaqalisi bamanzi basolwandle. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi akuwona wonke ahambisanayo, futhi futhi ahluke ngosayizi nesimo sengqondo komakhelwane abangaphili!
Akuwona wonke ama-aquarium angaba yikhaya le-bat.
Akuwona wonke amalulwane azosinda emanzini olwandle.
Ngabe le ndatshana imayelana nani? Sizocaphuna futhi sicaphuni, sikutshele ngePlataks bat nangempilo yakhe kwenye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu ze-Aqua Logo Salon.
Ngokwendlela yokudla, amakhorali ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu: i-autotrophic (photosynthetics), i-heterotrophic (nephosynthetics) ne-mixotrophic (hlanganisa izakhiwo ze-autotrophic ne-heterotrophic). Ama-coral we-Autotrophic (ama-photosynthetics) adla kakhulu kulwelwe lwe-zooxanthellae lwe-dinoflagellates (Symbiodinium spp.). Izakhi ezihlinzekwa yi-zooxanthellae zakhiwa ngokusebenzisa i-photosynthesis. Ama-coral we-Heterotrophic corals (nephotosynthetics) athola konke ukudla okuvela emvelweni, ngoba awunayo i-zooxanthellae. Babizwa nangokuthi ama-aposymbiotic.
Uhlelo lokusekelwa kwempilo lwamanzi olwandle lufaka uhla lonke lwezinkinga zobuchwepheshe nezobuchwepheshe, ngaphandle kwalo akunakwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa okuphephile kwama-hydrobionts. Lapho lezi zinkinga sezixazululiwe, ngokwezinga elithile noma kwenye, kuye kudingekile ukutadisha isici esibaluleke njengokufana nokuhlangana kwezakhamuzi zasolwandle zasolwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukwazi lokhu hhayi kuphela lapho uqala i-aquarium yasolwandle futhi ugcwalise izakhamuzi zokuqala ezikuyo, kodwa futhi lapho izifiki ezintsha zifakwa ku-aquarium esunguliwe.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ethinta ukuhambisana kwezinhlanzi ukushisa kwabo. Ngokomhlangano, ngesizotha, izinhlanzi zivame ukuhlukaniswa ngamaqembu alandelayo: anolaka, anolaka, anokuthula.
Kungani kubonakale ukuthakazeka kancane? Iqiniso lokuthi lolu hlobo luphila futhi lufuya kahle ezimweni zokufakelwa. Ushaka we-mustachioed ungabonakala kuphela kuma-aquariums amaningi, kepha futhi nasezinhlanzini ezincane zangasese. Vele, ukuze unikeze izinhlanzi ezinjalo izimo ezifanele zokuphila, kuyadingeka ukuqoqa imininingwane ewusizo kakhudlwana ngayo. Yini eyaziwayo ngebala eligobekile?.
Isithandwa esingajwayelekile se-aquarium asiphuphi ngokuba neshaka. Ushaka ekhaya noma ehhovisi uyadumisa, uyafundisa futhi uyajabulisa. Ubunikazi beShark kuwukuzilibazisa okuphezulu futhi okubizayo. Umnikazi woshaka ngokuqinisekile uzofunda yonke imininingwane ye-biology nokusatshalaliswa kwewadi yakhe yesimo semvelo, ajwayelane nesipiliyoni sabasolwandle. Futhi ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, mhlawumbe yena uqobo uzobona imininingwane enjalo yokuziphatha koshaka e-aquarium okungakaze kushiwo muntu ngayo.
Enye yezikhathi ezimangazayo ku-aquarium yasolwandle yikhono 'lokuhlola' ngemuva kwezimfihlo zezilwane zasendle. Enye yazo i-Symbiosis yezinhlanzi ezi-clown nama-anemone olwandle - ama-anemone olwandle. I-Symbiosis ukusebenzisana okuzuzisayo koyedwa noma kubo bobabili ababambisene, okwakhe ngesikhathi sokuvela kwemvelo. Endle, inyunyana yama-clown nama-anemone olwandle inenzuzo kuzo zombili lezi zinhlobo: ama-clown amancane athola isiphephezeli kuma-anemones amakhulu olwandle kusuka ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye futhi ngasikhathi sinye avikele i-anemone yolwandle.
Ama-Arotrons ayizidalwa ezingajwayelekile ngokweqile. Uma sibabhekisisa kakhulu, sizothola izici eziningi ezingahambelani nesithombe sethu sezinhlanzi ezijwayelekile. Isifutho saso esinamandla sifana ne-airship enamehlo nezinsinjana, sihamba kancane kwikholamu yamanzi.
Isihlabathi sabo samakhorali yiphupho labaningi basasemanzini. Ngenhlanhla manje kunawo wonke amathuba okusebenzisa. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amakhorali amaningi avela olwandle olushisayo anezimo ezahlukahlukene nemibala athengisiwe futhi athengiswa ekamu. Ukuqonda konke lokhu kwehluka akulula ngisho nakuchwepheshe, ingasaphathwa eyomuntu ongenalo uqeqesho olukhethekile lwezinto eziphilayo. Inhloso yalesi sihloko sokuqala ukuthi sinikeze ngamafuphi ngamaqoqo amakhulu ama-coral nezihlobo zawo eziseduzane, ukucacisa okushiwo amagama asetshenziswe ukuchaza ukwakheka kwalezi zilwane, futhi nokuzilungiselela emihlanganweni yesimanje mayelana nentela.
E-aquarium yasolwandle, kanye nezinhlanzi kanye nama-invertebrates ahlukahlukene, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-mollusks zingatholwa ngempumelelo. Ngine Ziningi zalezi zilwane ezinhle kakhulu ezihlala ekhaya, futhi ngizokhuluma ngokuqukethwe iningi lazo. Ngifuna ukuqala ngesibalo esibi kangaka njengesigaxa sezindwangu (I-Conus textilis).
Ngazama ukuqukatha izinhlobo eziningi ze-tsiprey. Kungenzeka ukuthenga i-tsiprey ebukhoma eMoscow, kodwa empeleni, amafemu athengisa ngezilwane zasolwandle angenisa izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela - ihlosi (C. tigris) kanye nama-minstrels (C.umlando) Ukwazi uthando lwami, kwesinye isikhathi ezinye izinhlobo ze-tsiprey nezinye izinambuzane zilethwa kimi ngengozi.
Kubukeka kimi ukuthi wonke umuntu wasemanzini wasolwandle, ngaphandle kokunye, ufuna ukugcina i-tridacna e-aquarium yakhe. Lesi isilwane esithanda ukwedlula zonke, futhi sisebenza njengesikhombisi sekhono elithile lekhono umnikazi waso okwazile ukulifinyelela.
Ama-strombuses anamehlo amahle - kusuka ngaphansi kwesiinki aveza amehlo awo amabili amakhulu nanhle ezimpondweni. Imollusk imvama ifinyelela esihlabathini, futhi yilawa kuphela anake amehlo. Kunconywa izinhlobo ezincane zama-strombuse ukuze zilondolozwe emanzini asolwandle njengabahlanzayo kanye nama-agitators enhlabathi.
Imininingwane emfushane nge-biology nokuqukethwe kwezinhlanzi ezidumile ku-aquarium - tulle apogon.
Umbala onsundu omhlophe nomhlophe we-tulle apogon awunakubizwa ngokuthi yi-multicolor. Kodwa-ke, umehluko wawo nokugqama kwawo kuhlangene nokwakheka komzimba okungajwayelekile kwenza ukubukeka kwalezi zinhlanzi kukhange kakhulu.
Ukuzala izinhlanzi zasolwandle akuyona nje kuphela ubunzima obukhulu kakhulu, kodwa futhi kuyathakazelisa kakhulu. Sikulethela ukunakwa kwakho yi-athikili ka-Andrey Ospin ngesipiliyoni esiphumelelayo sokuzalela i-tulle apogony.
Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo nokubukeka
- Ukushintshwa kwegesi okulinganiselwe. Isizathu salokhu ukusebenza kahle okuphansi kwama-gill. Ngakho-ke, amanzi ase-aquarium kufanele ahlinzekwe njalo ne-oksijini futhi ihlungiwe. Lapho likhuphuka ijubane lokugeleza kwamanzi, umoya-mpilo owengeziwe kulo uyadingeka empilweni ejwayelekile ye-ridge.
- Ukuntuleka kwesisu: ukugcina izinga eliphakeme lamandla, badinga inani elithile lokudla.
- Ukuntuleka kwezikali kubenza bangakwazi ukumelana nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezifo (igciwane, amagciwane). Ngakho-ke, kufanele ngezikhathi ezithile wenze ukuhlolwa okuphelele kobuso besikhumba seahorses ngokungabikho komonakalo.
- Isakhiwo somlomo esimangalisayo: i-muzzle ephakeme iyi-proboscis, eklanyelwe ukuncela inyamazane ngejubane elimangalisayo. Futhi hhayi omncane.
Libukeka kanjani ihhashi lasolwandle lase-aquarium?
Lezi zidalwa ziphansi ekukhuleni kokuziphendukela kwemvelo kunezinhlanzi. Emvelweni, izikebhe zeqhwa zihlala emahlathini angaphansi komhlaba asendaweni eshisayo yasolwandlekazi iPacific, Atlantic and Indian. E-aquarium, izinhlobo ezinjengoH. Reidi, H. barbouri kanye noHippocampus erectus zitholakala kakhulu.
Labo abamele inaliti eyenziwe-inaliti banezinto ezithile ezilandelayo:
Ukubukeka kwesimilo. Ngeke ubadide nanoma ngubani. Ikhanda libukeka njengehhashi noma ucezu oluhambisanayo lwe-chess.
Umlomo inesakhiwo esingajwayelekile futhi ibukeka njenge-proboscis. Ama-skates ayakwazi ukudonsa ukudla ngejubane eliphezulu kakhulu noma kusuka kude nge-3-4 cm.
Umsila iqonde futhi ayinazimpawu, ingakwazi ukugoqwa ibe yindandatho. Uma ihhashi lizwa ingozi, lizocasha esihlahleni se-algae noma amakhorali, linamathele kuwo ngomsila walo bese lilenga libheke phansi.
Akunasikalikepha umzimba wonke umbozwe amapuleti anamandla kakhulu amathambo. Leli gobolondo linamandla kangangokuba ngisho nehhashi elifile cishe akunakwenzeka ukuba uliphule. Isidumbu simbozwe ngezikhala eziningi ezinde kanye nenselo yokuphuma kwesikhumba. Lokhu kufihla okukhulu nokuvikelwa kwabazingeli.
Umbala. Esimweni esizolile, imibala yeziketi iyinto enhle kakhulu: ama-predominates aphuzi. Kodwa-ke, lezi zidalwa zingalingisa, okungukuthi, zishintshe umbala ngokuya ngezimo, imizwa nezinga lokucindezela.
Ukushintshwa kukagesi kukhawulelwe ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwama-gill, ngakho-ke amanzi kufanele aqhutshwe njalo futhi kuhanjiswe.
Ukugaya. Akunasisu, ngakho-ke ukudla okuningi kuyodingeka ukuze olwandle bakwazi ukugcina amandla aphezulu.
Bhukuda ngokuqondile. Ikhanda litholakala nge-angle engu-90 degrees emzimbeni futhi lingahamba lize linyukele phezulu kuphela, kepha hhayi ezinhlangothini. Kepha i-angle yokubuka ingama-300 degrees futhi amehlo angakwazi ukuhamba ngokuzimela komunye.
Yiziphi izimo ezidinga ihhashi le-aquarium?
Lezi zinaliti ezinomumo zinhle kakhulu. E-aquarium uzodinga ukudala indawo yokuhlala yabo yemvelo. Ukubhekana nalomsebenzi kuphela ama-aquarists angaba nesipiliyoni esikhulu sokusebenzelana nempilo yasolwandle.
Ungayikhetha kanjani i-aquarium nokuthi uyihlomisa kanjani?
Ikhono. Njengoba izinhlanzi zasolwandle zibhukuda zibheke phezulu, zizodinga i-aquarium ephezulu (okungenani engu-45-50 cm). Umthamo wayo kufanele okungenani ube amalitha ayi-130 umbhangqwana.
Ukushisa kwamanzi kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo zesiketi, kepha kunoma yikuphi, kufanele kube okupholile njalo (okujwayelekile kwabasezindaweni ezishisayo kungama-21,25-25,5 °, kulabo abasezindaweni eziphansi - 20-23.3 °, ezifundeni ezilinganiselwe - 17.7-21.6 ° ) Ngokuqondene ne-acidity, kungcono ukuyigcina ingakapheli u-8.1-8.3. Amanani wokuqina obukhulu yi-1.021-1.024. Futhi, amanzi akufanele aqukethe i-ammonia nama-phosphates, futhi ama-nitrate akufanele adlule i-10 ppm. Kabili ngenyanga kuyadingeka ukufaka amanzi ngekota.
Ukuhlunga Kudingeka ikhwalithi ephezulu, kepha hhayi eyokwakha i-yamanje enamandla, ngoba olwandle ababhukudi ababalulekile. Imvamisa basebenzisa izihlungi zangaphandle noma bafake i-skimmer ekwazi ukucebisa amanzi nge-oxygen eyanele, ngaphandle kokwenza amandla anamandla.
Isibani ithambile iyanconywa.
Izitshalo kumele kube nokuningi. Izimbali ezingaphansi kwamanzi zingcono ukukhetha obukhulu nobude. Izinyoni zasolwandle zithanda ukucasha futhi zithathe umhlala emahlathini anjalo. Kuyinto eyamukelekayo ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa i-algae yokufakelwa kombala onsundu. I-Caulerpa prolifera ilungele kakhulu le ndima, idalela izakhamizi eziningi zasemanzini indawo yokukhosela ethokomele, ama-labyrinths aqhaqhazelayo lapho izilwane zizokujabulela ukuphenya.
Ukuhlobisa. Kungcono ukuhlobisa i-aquarium yasolwandle ngama-grottoes kanye namakhorali okwenziwa. Kuhle ukufaka futhi ama-racks akhethekile lapho izikebhe zingabambelela emsileni wawo bese zilenga phansi. Ngakho-ke babheka izisulu ezingaba khona.
Ukukhetha omakhelwane i-seahorse
Indlela yokuphila yalezi zidalwa iyalinganiswa futhi ihamba kancane. Bazolile futhi abanalo ulaka. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, badinga omakhelwane abafanayo. Ngubani ofanele?
Kusuka ezinhlanzini. Izinhlanzi eziphakathi nendawo, ezihamba kancane, ezingasebenzi, eziqaphile, ezingeyona ingozi futhi ezingancintisanayo, ezinjenge-mandarin duck, goby, ukhadinali, inja, inhlanzi yensipho.
Kusuka ku-invertebrates - Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zeminenke ezobe ingeke nje iphazamise skates, kepha futhi futhi ezohlanza i-aquarium yezinsalela zokudla.
Amakhorali. Ngomthungi wasolwandle, njengomthetho, amakhorali awabambi. Iqiniso ngukuthi izinkuni zidinga izinga eliphakeme lokukhanyisa impilo yazo, kuyilapho iziketi zithanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kusenezinhlobo eziningana ezingakwazi ukuhlangana nalezi zinhlanzi, lezi zifaka i-ricordia, amakhorali akhiwe ngamakhowe, i-zoantaria, i-clove, i-chamomile ne-star green polyps. Ama-coral anjenge-anemone kufanele agwenywe, ngoba anamaseli okugwaza futhi angadonsa izikejana.
Amatshe. Amatshe aphilayo impela anempilo angewona athwali yanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwamagciwane.
Ngaphambi kokwabelana, ama-skates adinga ukuhlukaniswa yedwa ukuze azivumelanise nezimo ezisendaweni entsha.
Yini futhi kanjani ukondla i-seahorse?
Lezi zidla izitha. Emvelweni, ukudla kwabo okuyinhloko ama-shrimps amancane nama-crustaceans. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-skates achitha iningi lesikhathi sawo edla, angakwenza ngisho namahora ayi-10 ngokulandelana. Futhi lokhu akwenzeki ngoba bangamakhwapheni anjalo.
Izinhlanzi ezibanjwe endle zingakhethe kakhulu futhi zidinga kuphela ukudla okuphezulu kakhulu okuvela kumnikazi. Kunzima ukugcina izilwane ezinjalo zithunjiwe, ikakhulukazi uma ingekho indlela yokubanika ukudla okusha. Abantu abazalelwe futhi bakhulela e-aquarium, njengomthetho, bajwayele ukudla okwenziwe iqandwe futhi empeleni akubangeli bunzima kubanikazi babo ngokudla okunempilo. Ngaphambi kokuthenga i-seahorse, buza umthengisi ngemvelaphi yakhe, lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ulungiselele kusengaphambili ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakhe.
E-aquarium, amahhashi olwandle adla nge-artemia, iminyundu yegazi, isiphazamiso, ama-crustaceans amancane kanye nama-shrimps, guppy Fry noma enye inhlanzi. Njengokwelapha, kwesinye isikhathi unganikeza ucezu oluncane lwe-squid. Into esemqoka okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukudla kufanele kube kuncane ngokwanele futhi kufinyeleleke kalula emlonyeni we-seahorse.
Vele, isivakashi sethu sasolwandle ngeke sibuke ngisho nokudla okuomile.
Kungcono ukubeka ukudla ku-feeders: okuthengisiwe noma okwenziwe ekhaya ngamagobolondo, izinkomishi zengilazi, njll. Ukuvama kokuphaka kungama-4-5 ngosuku.
Ungayithola kanjani inzalo ku-aquarium?
Kulokhu, iziketi nazo azijwayelekile.
Okokuqala, bakhetha umngane womshado, uma kungenjalo impilo, bese kuba isikhathi eside kakhulu.Uma kwenzeka kushona omunye wabalingani, owesibili uhlala ethembekile kuye isikhathi esanele. Izinsuku eziningana, ukudansa kokuzala kwenzeka, lapho izikebhe zithinta futhi zifaka imisila yazo, ukwazana eduze.
Okwesibili, ukukhulelwa nokuzala kwengane kungukuphambi kowesilisa. Unesikhwama esikhethekile esiswini sakhe - isikhwama sezinceku, lapho insikazi ingenisa amaqanda angenalutho ku-papilla ngesikhathi sokudansa kokudansa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphakathi komzimba, owesilisa uwafakela isidoda.
Uma uhlela ukuzalela izinyoni zasolwandle, kungakuhle ukuthi ube ne-aquarium elungiselelwe kahle enekhwalithi yamanzi engafinyeleleki. Ukugxila okubalulekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekuhlungweni, ngoba noma ithuluzi elibuthakathaka kakhulu lingayunca ingane kalula, ngakho-ke ukungena kwamanzi kufanele kufakwe i-mesh enhle.
Ngemuva cishe kwenyanga, kusuka ku-20 kuya ku-200 gry kuvela. Ukuzalwa kunzima kakhulu, kuthatha izinsuku eziningana, kwesinye isikhathi abesilisa bafe nokufa.
Ukukhulisa izingane ngensimbi yobunzima kunzima kakhulu. Udla ama-rotifers, ukukhiqizwa kwawo kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi nangomugqa. Ukudla okuhle kokuqala futhi kuyi-Artemia nauplii kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezimbili.
Eminye imininingwane ethokozisayo ngomthungo wasolwandle
Izinganekwane zamaRoma kusho uNeptune wagibela inqola edonswa olwandle. Kepha wayemfishane kangaka? Ngemuva kwakho konke, ama-skates amakhulu kakhulu awadlula ku-30 cm. Ingxenye esemqoka ikhula ibe ngu-10-12 cm, kanti encane kunazo zonke - kuphela ngu-13 mm.
Uhlobo lwemvelo olusengozini yokushabalala. Leli qiniso lidabukisa kunokuthakazelisa, kepha noma kunjalo ... Ama-seahorses asemvelweni asondele kakhulu ekuqothulweni. Izingu-30 kwezingu-50 zezinhlobo ezaziwayo zibhalwe kwiNcwadi Ebomvu!
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-jellyfish eyenziwe ekhaya?
Enye isivakashi esingavamile i-aquarium jellyfish. Kaningi emachibini asekhaya ungabona i-scyphoid aurelia jellyfish, ngoba yiyona etholakala kakhulu futhi engabekezeleleki. Emvelweni, la jellyfish ahlala kulo lonke ulwandle ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezibandayo futhi futhi avela esifundeni se-Arctic.
Ngokuvamile, abathandi baqala okuhlukahlukene Aurelia labiata, ngoba kunzima kakhulu ukuthenga futhi kunzima ngokwengeziwe ukudala izimo ezifanele (amanzi kufanele abe nokushisa okungekho ngaphezulu kwama-10 degrees).
Kujwayelekile kakhulu - Aurelia aurita, ukuthi kulula kanjani ukuyigcina (asikho isidingo sokupholisa amanzi, izinga lokushisa lingama-degrees angama-27) futhi ingatholakala njalo isthengisiwe.
Umzimba wejellyfish ungamanzi ayi-99%. I-translucent, efana ne-jelly futhi ayinayo noma iyiphi i-thickense noma i-skeleton, yingakho i-jellyfish isengozini kakhulu.
AmaJellyfish apendiwe, imvamisa ngamathoni apinki aphuzi. Umzimba obuswa eceleni onqenqemeni unama-tentgraph amaningi amancanyana anamaseli okugwaza. Engxenyeni eyi-dome yangaphakathi, izindandatho ezi-4 ezigqamile zokusonteka ziyabonakala - lezi ziyizigaxa.
Phansi kunomlomo ovulwa ngamabhere ama-4, abunjwe njengezindlebe zezimbongolo. Kulesi sici, i-jellyfish yabizwa ngokuthi i-aita, okusho ukuthi u-ered.
Isikhathi sokuphila se-auritis yiminyaka engama-2-4.
Iziphi izimo ezidinga i-aquarium jellyfish?
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-aurelia ajwayela kahle impilo esekudingisweni, awanconywa ukuthi agcinwe ngabasolwandle abanolwazi oluncane noma abanalo.
Ungazakha kanjani izimo ezifanele?
Ikhono. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-aquarium yendabuko yokugcina i-jellyfish ayifanele ngokuphelele! Umthamo ungaba nesimo nobukhulu obuhlukile, kepha ukuhlelwa kwangaphakathi empeleni kwenziwa ngesisekelo se-carousel. Ezindaweni zasemanzini zohlobo lwe- "carousel" noma "pseudo-carousel", kudalwa ukugeleza okujikelezayo okubushelelezi, ngenxa yalokho ukuhamba kwe-jellyfish kukholomu yamanzi futhi kungagijimeli emakhoneni nasemishini ye-aquarium.
I-Aeration kwifomu elijwayelekile alikwazi ukusetshenziswa, ngoba ama-bubble omoya angalimaza umzimba wejellyfish futhi abangele ukufa kwawo. Ungahlela ukuqhutshwa kwesumpula (isitsha esikhethekile semishini ekhulumisana ne-aquarium) ngokufaka lokhu kufakwa kuleli gumbi ngesipanji ukuze sibambe ama-bubble air.
Ukuhlunga kungakhethwa. Izinguquko ezijwayelekile zamanzi. Kodwa-ke, uma ungafuni ukwenza lokhu, ungafaka noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusekela impilo e-aquarium ngokufaka ukuvikelwa ekungeneni kwe-jellyfish kudivayisi yokungena.
Isibani futhi ngokuzithandela, ngoba i-jellyfish ithola amandla ngokudla kuphela. Ungasetha izibani zokuhlobisa.
Amapharamitha wamanzi. Ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi hhayi kuphela kumishini, kepha futhi nangomqondo wamakhemikhali. Akufanele kube nezinto ezi-organic, i-nitrogenous compounds, amazinga aphezulu e-ammonia.
Ukuhlobisa. Nakanjani yonke imihlobiso iyingozi nge-jellyfish! Lezi zidalwa azigcini nje ngokuba mnene kakhulu, zihamba kancane futhi azikwazi ukubona ingozi ngesikhathi futhi ziyigweme. Ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo, akufiseleki ukuba basondele kunoma iziphi ezinye izakhamuzi zasemanzini asolwandle.
Yini futhi kanjani ukondla i-jellyfish?
Uma uthengiswa ungathola izinhlobo zokudla ezikhulile nezilungele-ukudla. Imvamisa, i-artemia entsha, i-shrimp, ama-Copepods, ukudla kwasolwandle okuchotshoziwe kanye ne-zooplankton asetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe. Ungase futhi unikeze amavithamini supplements. Uma uthenga i-jellyfish, kunconywa ukuthola ukuthi hlobo luni lokudla abalukhethayo, ngoba uma bengakuthandi ukudla, bangaqala ukudla abafowabo e-aquarium.
Ukusakazeka kwe-aquarium jellyfish
Kunezinketho ezimbili zokuthola inzalo.
Ngocansi. Imikhiqizo yobulili yabesilisa ikhucululwa ingene emanzini, isuka lapho ingena khona ezithweni zokuzala zabesifazane. Umanyolo nawo ungavela emanzini. Ngemuva kwalokho kuvela izibungu - uhlelo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-2-7, zihlala ezansi futhi zinamathisele kwisakhiwo esingaphansi komhlaba, izindonga ze-aquarium noma i-mesh yokuhlunga. Isigaba se-polyp siqala - i-scyphistoma. Ama-polyps angahlungwa. Zingahanjiswa ngokucophelela ku-aquarium eguqukayo noma ishiywe njengoba injalo.
Ngezansi kwe-aquarium, kunconywa ukubeka amagobolondo ambalwa. Uma izimo zezemvelo zilungile futhi i-jellyfish iqala ukwanda, ama-polyps azohlala kuwo, ngaleyo ndlela enze kube lula ukuthi owasemanzini awayise kwelinye ithangi.
Indlela yokusekela. Umzimba we-polyp uhlukaniswe yizingqinamba eziguqukayo (okubizwa ngokuthi yi-strobilization), kanye nama-jellyfish amaningi ama-jellyfish - ama-ether atholakala. Bahlala kukholamu yamanzi, bayakhula baphenduke abantu abadala. Le ndlela kungenzeka kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle kakhulu, futhi inqubo uqobo ingathatha isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Ama-polyps kanye ne-jellyfish angagcinwa endaweni ehlala ejwayelekile, kepha lapho nje ekhula eba yi-jellyfish yabantu abadala, adluliselwa ku-carousel.
Njengoba sikwazi ukubona, ukugcina amanzi olwandle kanye ne-jellyfish emanzini e-aquarium yasekhaya kuyinto ethokozisayo futhi efundisayo. Into kuphela ukuthi usondele kule ndaba ngokuzibophezela bese ubala amandla akho. Futhi-ke konke kuzophumelela. Ngikufisela inhlanhla
Injani inhlanzi emanzini? Cha, lokhu akuphathelene nabo.
Ngokungafani nezinye izakhamizi zolwandle, izikebhe zibhukuda zimi endaweni eqondile, lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuba khona kwesibazi esikhulu sokubhukuda eside. By indlela, ukubhukuda okungenamqondo okukhulu. I-dorsal fin encane yenza ukunyakaza okusheshayo, kepha ayinamatheleli ngesivinini esikhulu, kanti namaphinifa we-pectoral asebenza kakhulu njengamarandi. Esikhathini esiningi i-skate ilenga inganyakazi emanzini, ibambe umsila wayo olimini.
Noma ngabe usuku, stress
Izinyoni zasolwandle zihlala olwandle olushisayo nolunamanzi amancane, zithanda amanzi acwebile, apholile. Ingozi enkulu kubo umqulu oqinile, kwesinye isikhathi ongaholela ekukhathaleni okuphelele. Ama-seahorses ngokuvamile atholakala kakhulu ekucindezelekeni. Esimweni esingajwayelekile, bahlangana kabi, noma ngabe kunokudla okwanele, ngaphezu kwalokho, imbangela yokufa kungaba ukulahlekelwa ngumlingani.
Akukaze kube nokudla okuningi
Ama-seahorse anohlelo lokugaya lwakudala, alunamazinyo futhi alunasisu, ngakho-ke, ukuze singabulawa yindlala, isidalwa kufanele sidle njalo. Ngendlela yokondla, izikebhe zingabaphangi. Uma kufika isikhathi sokudla (cishe njalo), banamathela ku-algae nomsila wabo futhi njengabahlanza be-vacuum emanzini azungezile, one-plankton.
Umndeni ongajwayelekile
Ubudlelwano bomndeni nezikethi babuye buvelele kakhulu. Ingxenye yesibili ihlala ikhethwa ngowesifazane. Lapho ibona umuntu ofanelekayo, imcela ukuba adanse. Izikhathi eziningana umusi ukhuphukela phezulu bese uwa futhi. Umsebenzi omkhulu wesilisa ukuba lukhuni hhayi ukuyekelela intombi yakhe. Uma ehlisa ijubane, intokazi ebukekayo izozitholela enye indoda, kodwa uma kuvivinywa, lo mbhangqwana uqhubeka nokushada.
Ama-seahorses ayindlela eyodwa, okungukuthi, akhetha umlingani empilweni futhi kwesinye isikhathi abhukuda ngemisila. Owesilisa uthwala inzalo futhi ngendlela, lezi ukuphela kwezidalwa ezisemhlabeni ezinakho "ukukhulelwa kowesilisa".
Umdanso wokumatanisa ungahlala cishe amahora angama-8. Ngenqubo, insikazi ibeka amaqanda esikhwameni esikhethekile esiswini sowesilisa. Kulapho lapho kuzokwakhiwa khona izikebhe ezincane zasolwandle ezinsukwini ezingama-50.
Kusuka ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-5 kuye kwezingu-1,500 ezizalwa, kungu-1 kuphela kwabangu-100 abazosinda ekuthomba. Kubonakala kuncane, kepha lesi sikhombisi empeleni singesinye esiphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlanzi.
Kungani izilwane zasolwandle ziyafa
Ama-seahorses mancane, izinhlanzi ezithanda ukuthula eziye zashaywa kanzima ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo okuphilayo nokungajwayelekile. Abantu bababamba ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene: ukwenza izipho, izikhumbuzo noma ukulungiselela isidlo esingabizi kakhulu, esibiza cishe ama- $ 800 ngokukhonza. E-Asia, imithi yenziwa kusuka olwandle olomile. Izinhlobo ezingama-30 ezivela kwabangu-32 ezikhona zibhalwe kwiNcwadi Ebomvu.
Ukudalwa kabusha kwezinyoni zasolwandle ezihlala olwandle olushisayo futhi abahlala ezindaweni ezifudumele zihluka kancane.
Ezimweni zezitshalo ezishisayo, umuntu angabona kaningi ukuthi izinsikazi zibingelela kanjani izinsikazi ngemisebe yokuqala yelanga, zibhukuda zizungeze abakhethiweyo bazo futhi mhlawumbe nokuqinisekisa ukulungela kwazo ukuzala. Kwaphawuleka ukuthi indawo ebeleni ebeleni idalwa ngumbala omnyama, akhothame ikhanda lakhe bese enza iziyingi ezizungeze insikazi, zithinte ezansi ngomsila wayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, insikazi ayidubuli, kepha izungeza izimbazo zayo ngemuva kowesilisa. Ama-seahorses angamaduna ezinhlobo zezinto ezivela ezindaweni ezishisayo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, afaka esikhwameni sawo, enza isikhumba eseluliwe sibe mhlophe.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, inkambiso enjalo yokubingelela iyaphindwa njalo ekuseni, emva kwalokho lo mbhangqwana udlulela “ekudleni kwasekuseni”, uhlala endaweni elinganiselwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, abalingani bazama ukungavumeli abanye babonane. Njengoba umzuzu wokufika usondela, inkambiso yokubingelela ihlala usuku lonke.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi inhlanzi ivuthwe ngokuvumelanayo. Ngosuku lokwehla kwemvelo, isiko livame ukwenziwa. Ngesinye isikhathi, insikazi ivele ivuse ikhanda bese iqala ukubhukuda, bese eyamlandela. Kulesi sigaba, i-ovipositor yowesifazane iyabonakala, bese kuvulwa isikhwama sowesilisa. Owesifazane wethula i-ovipositor ekungeneni kwesikhwama bese ebeka amaqanda imizuzwana eminingana.
Uma omunye wabalingani engakulungele, ukusakazeka kuyaphazamiseka futhi konke kuqale kabusha. Inani lamaqanda lincike, ngokomthetho, ngosayizi wesilisa (lokhu kungaba yincane, iduna noma insizwa endala) nakuhlobo lwezinhlanzi. Ezinye izinhlobo zikhiqiza amaqanda aqhamuka kumaqanda angama-30 kuye kwangama-60, amanye - angaba ngu-500 noma ngaphezulu. Ukuvumelanisa okubalulekile
Kubalulekile kakhulu ekufaneni ukuthi imikhiqizo yezocansi yalabo bobabili abalingani abavuthiwe ngasikhathi sinye. Emibhangqwaneni esunguwe isikhathi eside, ukubhangqa kwenzeka ngaphandle kokungabaza nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku, kuyilapho imibhangqwana esanda kusungulwa omunye wabalingani kufanele alinde omunye futhi aqhubeke “elungele ngokuphelele” izinsuku eziningana.
Isikhathi sokuqhanyelwa kwefry naso sibaluleke kakhulu ezinhlanzini eziningi. Ama-seahorses aqondiswa yi-ebb nokugeleza, lapho okwamanje kunamandla futhi kungaqinisekisa ukwabiwa okuningi kwenzalo. Amagagasi alawulwa umjikelezo wenyanga futhi aqine kakhulu enyangeni egcwele. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi ama-seahores azala kabusha kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile zenyanga.
Izinhlobo engangizibona zibonisa umsebenzi wokuzala enyangeni egcwele, futhi ukuzalwa kuka-fry - emavikini amane emva kokuzala - kuphinde kwawa enyangeni egcwele, kwathi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva abesilisa babekulungele ukwamukela i-clutch entsha. Ngesikhathi sokuzalela, ukusatshalaliswa kwakuphindwa njalo emavikini amane.
I-hry hatch esikhwameni sikababa bese uyishiya ngokushesha. Fry eningi ivela ngasikhathi sinye, okwenza owesilisa kwesinye isikhathi agobise umzimba phambili ukuze awukhiphe. I-Seahorse Fry ishiywe kumadivayisi wayo uqobo, kusukela ngemuva kokudonswa ngabazali bayo bayeka ukubanakekela.
Kwezinye izinhlobo, gazinga iphila impilo ye-pelagic futhi igeleza ngokusakaza, kwezinye ihlala endaweni eyodwa. Izihlobo eziseduze zenaliti yenaliti zinenqubo efanayo yokuzala, noma kunjalo, amahhashi olwandle okuwukuphela kwabameli bemindeni yabo yokufihla ngokuphelele amaqanda abo. Abanye basebenzisa imigoqo yesikhumba esemboza i-caviar noma bayinamathisela ezikhathini ezikhethekile emzimbeni.
Isizathu sokunakekelwa okunjalo kwama-seahorses enzalo kungenzeka ukuthi emathangeni otshani lapho kuhlala khona izinhlanzi, inani elikhulu lama-invertebrates ahlala kulo lapho i-caviar isebenza njengokudla.
Ezinalineni zasolwandle ezihamba ezintanjeni nasemahhashini, ukuxhumana okunjalo akuvamile, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuvikelwa okwengeziwe kwinzalo. Ukushintshwa kwendima yokushintsha kwendalo Kodwa kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi ushintsho lweqhaza lwenzeka, ngenxa yalokho abesilisa bezinhlobo zomndeni weSyngnathidae baqala ukuzala amaqanda?
Vele, umuntu angaqagela ngalokhu, kepha uma ubhekisisa izinhlanzi zemindeni ehlobene nenqubo evamile yokuzala, khona-ke kufikelwa isiphetho esichazayo sokuthi konke kungenzeka kanjani.
Njengezinhlanzi eziningi, phakathi kwamadlozi ama-syngnatid, ukuqhuma kungenzeka kwenzeka ngale ndlela elandelayo: owesilisa nowesifazane baqhubekela phambili ngokufana futhi amaqanda nobisi kanyekanye. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, amaqanda ayethwalwa yilokho okwenzeka manje, noma ahlala futhi anamathele, ngokwesibonelo, ngeziqu zotshani basolwandle. Uma amaqanda anjalo "anamathela" akhula ngempumelelo futhi i-fry yawo yasinda, khona-ke kungacatshangwa ukuthi ezizukulwaneni ezilandelayo ukunamathela kuye kwanda kuphela. Futhi-ke, mhlawumbe, amaqanda ngamanye afakwa esiswini sowesilisa, okubanika ithuba elihle kakhulu lokusinda nokuvikelwa kwabazingeli.
Uma konke bekunjalo, ngaleso sikhathi inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, inhlanzi yathuthukisa lokhu "kunakekela inzalo".
Ama-seahorses aba yinhlanzi yokuqala ezindaweni zasemanzini eJapan naseYurophu. Izinhlobo eziningi azigcini ngokugcinwa ekudingisweni, kodwa futhi zizalaniswa, kepha lo msebenzi udinga umzamo omkhulu nesikhathi. Awukho umugqa owodwa ezincwadini zesayensi ngokulungiswa kanye nokuzalaniswa kwezikebhe ezindaweni zasemanzini, noma kunjalo, imibiko ngalokhu ivela kumamagazini e-aquarium, nokho, awabanzi.
Ngokwami, ngabhala i-athikili mayelana nokuzalelwa kwama-aquarium amadragoni olwandle kusuka ku-caviar, okungukuthi, mayelana nezinhlanzi ezibhekwa njengezingafanele i-aquarium. Ngemuva kokuba esevele kumagazini owodwa owaziwayo, lezi zinhlanzi nezindlela zazo zokuzalela ngokushesha zaba yizinto ezihehayo, ikakhulukazi ezizindeni zemiphakathi.
Amanzi amaningi asemanzini azalela olwandle, futhi izinhlanzi eziningi zasemanzini zizalela lezi zinhlanzi. Lokhu kwenzeka ikakhulu eYurophu, Japan naseSingapore.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abaningi bazalanisa izinhlobo zezilwane zase-Australia uH abdominalis, umgodi omkhulu owanele ongazivumelanisa nezimo zokuthunjwa.
Ngikwazile ukuzala izinhlobo zakwa-H whitei ezivela eSydney nakuH abdominalis noH. Breviceps baseMelbourne. Empeleni, yonke into ayinzima kangako. Konke okudingekayo nje amanzi olwandle amahle, i-aquarium, ubuhle bendawo ukulingisa i-biotope yemvelo, nokuhlinzekwa njalo kwezinhlanzi ngokudla kwekhwalithi ephezulu.
Lokhu kokugcina kungaba yinkinga, ikakhulukazi uma lover engenakho ukudla okubandayo okuhle nokunempilo okwenziwe uqhwa. Benginaso isimo esifanayo, ngakho-ke njalo ngosuku lwesibili kwakudingeka ngiye olwandle ngiyohudula ukuze ngiyobamba ukudla kwesiketi sami.
Kepha ngenxa yemizamo eminingi, ukuzalaniswa kwalezi zinhlanzi kwakungekho nzima.
Ngiqale ngo-1980 ngokuzalanisa uH. Breviceps noH. Abdominalis, inhloso yami ngifaka isithombe sokuzala uFry. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kwacaca ngokushesha, lo msebenzi wawungelula neze. Bengingakwazi ukufika esikhathini esifanele futhi ngivame ukutholwa ngumbethe ekuseni. Kuthathe izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ngikwazi ukubamba isikhathi sokuzalwa, okushesha kakhulu.
Ngo-1992, nganquma ukuzithatha ngokungathí sina izinhlobo zezinyoni zasolwandle ezibaluleke kakhulu. ESydney Harbour, ngabamba abesilisa abane nabesifazane abathathu bakaH. Whitei. Enye yabesilisa ibineso elilodwa, kanti enye “ikhulelwe.”
Ngiwafaka e-aquarium enendawo engamamitha-skwele elilodwa nokuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-50. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi lalingaphezu kwe-20 ° C - okuyisinkomba esijwayelekile ngokuphelele sale nhlobo. Kuzo zonke izilwane, ngababili kuphela abakha i-pair, kwathi ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa emva kokuzalwa kukaFry, baqala ukushada, abesilisa abasele 'abakhulelwe' baqala ukunakekela konke kulandelana ngabesifazane.
Owesilisa onamehlo awazange alalele abanye futhi ngokuvamisile wayethola ukunakwa kowesifazane othile ephethe amaqanda, kodwa "esiko lokudansa" elilandelayo, echaza imibuthano ezungeze isithandwa sakhe, wavele wangamuboni.
Ngokwazi kwami, wayengenakho ukuphumelela kokuzala. Futhi, abesilisa bazamile ukuxosha umngani, ngaleyo ndlela bekhipha izimbangi. Balume izimbangi zabo, obekuhambisana nomsindo wokuqhafaza. Ukuziphatha okunjalo kuvimbele iziketi ezingenamikhawulo ekubeni "zilinganiselane" komunye nomunye: ngesinye isikhathi, isibonelo, i-caviar yawa ngemuva kwesikhwama sowesilisa.
Imvamisa, abesilisa abanamabele amabala amnyama bajaha izinsikazi, kepha akukho mpendulo ebonakalayo evela kulaba bantu eyalandela. Kwake kwenzeka ukuthi owesilisa oneso elilodwa athathe "ukuvimbezela" intokazi enkulu kakhulu enenqwaba ye-caviar, okuthe noma kunjalo, ayiphindanga yathola omunye wesilisa. Kuliqiniso, wayengenamdlandla kuye.
Ngonyaka olandelayo, abalingani babevame ukushintshana, futhi abesilisa baqhubeka nokubona izimbangi kuphela komunye nomunye. Isibonelo, umuntu osanda kubeletha uFry, waqala ukuvimbezela enye indoda "ekhulelwe", eqale icashe ngemuva “kowesifazane” wayo, kodwa kamuva waxoshwa ngaphansi kochungechunge lokuchofoza ngolaka.
Fry engu-1000 ngesizini
Ngokuphumula kwamasonto amane, amasiketi ami ayenefry, engakhula e-aquarium ejwayelekile. Zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, kepha ngenxa yalokhu kwadingeka ngikubambe njalo ekudleni olwandle okwakungagwinyiswa u-olwandle.
Inani le-fry lalilikhulu kakhulu kangangokuba angikwazanga ukubashiya bonke e-aquarium, ngakho-ke, lapho bekhula abasha, bakukhipha olwandle, kusuka kubantu abacishe babe yi-50 kuye kwabangu-200 ngenyanga. Ekuzalweni, i-fry ifinyelela kubude obuyi-12 mm, futhi kungakapheli amasonto amabili bakhula kabili.
Ngemuva konyaka, impilo "yamatilosi" ami yaba nzima, futhi bayeka ukuqhuma. Ngokwesilinganiso, umbhangqwana ngamunye ukhiqiza ama-fry angama-80 ngenyanga, okungukuthi, angaphezu kuka-1000 ngonyaka. Kuyathabisa ukuthi umsebenzi wokuzala wababili wawanda, njengasemvelweni, enyangeni ephelele. Ngokushesha, i-fry embalwa engangizigcinele yona yaqala ukuzala.
Ukutshala kwami kakhulu kwezinyoni zasolwandle akubangelwe yisifiso sami kuphela sokubheka ukukhula nokuzala kwezinhlanzi, kodwa futhi nokucela okuningana kwamanye ama-olwandle anesifiso kulezi zinqubo.
Okuningi kwalokho engikubonile, angikwazanga ukuthola incazelo. Isibonelo, ngenkathi kunesivunguvungu esinamandla, zonke izikebhe zahlangana engxenyeni engenhla yotshani lolwandle, zenza ukufana komvini. Yebo, futhi ukuzitholela kwabo uqobo kufihla lezimanga ezimbalwa.
Isibonelo, engisebenza nabo olwandle babengekho monogamous njengoba kuchazwe ezincwadini!
Ngokuthatha kanye ukuvela kwe-H. breviceps, ngaphawula ukuthi enye yezintokazi yangenelela kanjani lapho isencane futhi yahambisa amaqanda ayo esikhwameni sowesilisa esivele sivulekile. Ngesinye isikhathi, owesilisa wathatha amaqanda ngokushesha kwabesifazane ababili.
Futhi yize lokhu kucatshangelwa kwenziwa e-aquarium, ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka ngokwemvelo. Kubukeka kimi sengathi ukucatshangelwa kwe-monogamy kuma-seahorses akunasisekelo. Ukuqashelwa ezimweni zemvelo kuhlala isikhathi esifushane futhi kunganikeli umbono wokuthi izilwane zizophatha kanjani ngonyaka.
Ukutshelwa kudinga ukuvuthwa okuvumelanayo, futhi ngalomqondo, ama-skates awafani nezinye izinhlanzi ezihlala emhlangeni, ngakho-ke ngingacabanga ukuthi ekuphakameni kwenkathi yokuzala kunzima kakhulu ukuthola umlingani omusha.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, kungakuhle impela ukuthi abalingani bahlale sonke isikhathi sokuzala ndawonye.
Kodwa-ke, ezinhlotsheni eziningi, uma kungezona zonke, ukunakekela izingane "kungumsebenzi wezinkathi ezithile," futhi lesi sikhathi sonyaka sincike ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu endaweni ehambelana nendawo.
Ezindaweni ezishisayo, izikebhe ziqala ukwanda ngokushesha emva kwenkathi yezimvula, nasezindaweni ezingaphansi kwentwasahlobo, lapho kufanele kube nokudla okwanele emanzini ezinjana. Ngemuva kwenkathi yokuzalanisa, izilwane zibonakala zihlakazeka bese zihamba (noma kangcono, zibhukuda) indlela yazo. Ezinye izinhlobo zithuthela kwezinye izindawo, kaningi ziye ekujuleni. Kwesinye isikhathi ngalesi sikhathi ngathola izimbambo zinezinsikazi kuphela noma izinsikazi kuphela, ngakho-ke kubonakala kimi ukuthi emvelweni yemvelo zasolwandle zakha amabhangqwana azo kuphela ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokuzalanisa.
Uma ungahlali eduze nolwandle olufudumele noma ipaki lamanzi, kungenzeka ukuthi awubonanga seahorses noma amadragoni olwandle ukubona ukuthi zimangalisa kanjani lezi zidalwa ezincane. Amade, amade, njengehhashi, amakhanda awanikeza isithombe esicishe sibe yinganekwane. Empeleni, abafi, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, abaningi bafa phakathi nesivunguvungu. Ukucasha “amahhashi” asolwandle ngosizo lokufihla okuhle, izipikili ezinde nokuphuma njengomphunga kubenza bangabonakali esimweni semvelo esingaphansi kwamanzi.
Amasayizi we-seahorses avela ku-2 kuya ku-20 amasentimitha. Amahhashi olwandle afana nama-Dragons olwandle anamaqabunga nezinaliti zasolwandle athwala izingane ezikhwameni ezikhethekile lapho kuphekeka khona insikazi. Umthwalo wokunakekelwa kwabesifazane uphumula. Lapha nokuzijabulisa okunjalo futhi amaqiniso athakazelisayo kanye nokwesabekayo izithombe zabasolwandle Siphakamisa ukuthi ujwayele.
Amahhashi olwandle (Hippocampus) - izidalwa ezibucayi nezinhle zathola igama lazo "hippos" yasendulo yamaGrikhi, okusho ukuthi "ihhashi" kanye "namakheli" - "izilo zasolwandle." Uhlobo lweHippocampus luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-54 zezinhlanzi zasemanzini.
I-seahorse ebonakalayo esithombeni inobude obungamasentimitha ayi-15, ihlala iminyaka emine.
I-seahorse ebabazekayo enhle eHamburg, Germany.
Izilo eziqondisayo zasolwandle e-Georgia Aquarium. "Izilo" zasolwandle zihlala ogwini oluseningizimu ye-Australia futhi zingamakhosi okucasha. Udrako wolwandle obonakala engenangozi, udla inyama yangempela - udla izinhlanzi ezincane nezimfudu.
Ukhula Ulwandle Dragon lusengozini. Izihlobo zabasolwandle zincela inyamazane encane ngezinselo ezincane zeshubhu, kwesinye isikhathi imfucumfucu ehlukene ifika lapho.
Izihudo zasolwandle ezinesibindi eBirch Aquarium, San Diego, California. Zingakhula ubude zibe ngama-35 cm. Lapho owesilisa esekulungele ukuvuthwa, imisila yawo yamaqabunga iba ophuzi okhanyayo.
I-Black Sea Seahorse ingumbala ongavamile emanzini angajulile, iRomania.
Udrako wolwandle onqabisayo e-aquarium, i-Atlanta. Ngokwemvelo, ahlala emanzini asogwini aseNingizimu naseNingizimu ye-Australia.
Spiny Seahorse (I-Hippocampus histrix) yathola igama layo ngenxa yezikhala ezinamathele kuyo. Imvamisa uhlala ngaphakathi - kusuka kumamitha amathathu kuya kwayi-80. Enye yezinhlobo ezinkulu zasolwandle futhi ingakhula ibe ngu-17 cm.
I-Seahorse e-Oregon Aquarium. Amahhashi Olwandle ababhukudi abahle. Olunye uhlobo lwenhlanzi kuphela lapho owesilisa ethwala inzalo engazalwa.
Ukhula Ulwandle Dragon eduze nolwandle, iSydney, Australia. Isigaxa esinsundu nezinsimbi kusebenza njengendlela yokuzifihla enhle nokuvikelwa kwabazingeli.
Ngokuqala kokuqala, izinyoni zasolwandle ezikhulelwe, kodwa lokhu akunjalo. Izikebhe zasolwandle ezinobumba (Hippocampus abdominalis) inhlobo ehlukile futhi enkulu kunazo zonke, ingafinyelela ubude obuyi-35 cm.
I-prickly seahorse, njengabafowethu abaningi, isongelwa ngokuqothulwa. Isifiso somuntu sokudoba izinhlanzi zakwamanye amazwe siyakhula, ngoba izikebhe zifakiwe ohlwini lwezinhlanzi ezivikelwe yi-Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.
Ama-Dragons asolwandle anqabayo, njengezihlobo zawo, ama-dragons okhula angobaba abanakekela kakhulu. Bazithwalela inzalo. Fry ozalwe ngokushesha uzimele.
Pipefish esinye isihlobo esikude sabasolwandle. Lesi sidalwa sinomzimba omude, oqondile onemilomo emincane.
Esinye isihlobo sabasolwandle eWilhelm Zoo, eJalimane.
Izithombe zeMacro zezinyoni zasolwandle ezimpunga neziphuzi e-Zurich Zoo. Ngenkathi zidla noma zixhumana nezinye izihlobo, lezi zinhlanzi zenza umsindo “wokuchofoza”.
Kubonakala phakathi kwabo uthando ...
Ama-Dragas olwandle amadrama adansa e-Dallas aquarium. Amaphinifa okusebenza kuphela asesifubeni nasemhlane, ngoba amadragons olwandle awashesha kakhulu - amamitha ayi-150 ngehora. Siqaphele abantu abachitha endaweni eyodwa kuze kube ngamahora angama-68.
I-seahorse emfushane imbozwe kahle ngemuva kwesizinda samakhorali athambile eduze naseCebu, Philippines. Ama-Pygmies afinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-2.4 Indawo yokuhlala ukusuka eningizimu yeJapan kuye eNyakatho Australia ezindaweni ezinamanzi ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-10-40.
Inaliti yolwandle - iSolenostomus paradoxus - ngasogwini lweThailand. Izihlobo eziseduze zama-seahorses ziza ngemibala ehlukahlukene nosayizi, ukusuka ku-2,5 kuye ku-50 cm.
Ukhula udonsela olwandle eduze. Kwesobunxele: udrako udoti uShelly Beach, e-Australia, kwesokudla: amaqanda ku-dragonfish wesilisa.
Imidanso yasekuseni yokuhlobisa kwasolwandle.
Umzimba wesikhumba sikadrako wokhula “undizela” emanzini. Umzimba kadrako wasolwandle nombala wawo ukhula ngesisekelo sendawo ezungezile, ukudla.
Inaliti yasolwandle enesikhumba nesinobumba inomzimba wenyoka.
Izinyoni zasolwandle ziyamamatheka. Ukungabikho kwesisu namazinyo kubenza badle njalo. Kulokhu, amunca afinyelela ku-50 shrimp ngosuku.
Ngaphambi kokukhwelana, isiko lokuqomisana kuma-seahorses ligcina izinsuku eziningana. Akuvamile ukuthi imiphi imibhangqwana ihlala impilo yonke, iningi lihlala ndawonye kuphela ngenkathi yokukhwelana.
Inaliti yolwandle yaseSchultz - uCorythoichthys schultzi - eGibhithe.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zasolwandle nodrakofish.
Ama-seahorses izinhlanzi zolwandle ezihamba kancane.
I-1% nje kuphela likaFry likhula kubantu abadala.
Izinyoni zasolwandle zasolwandle.
Ihhashi elimfishane lingenye yezilwane ezincane kakhulu emhlabeni phakathi kwamakhorali athambile.
Ukudutshulwa okumangazayo: ukwanga kwabathandi.
Ubuhle bukadrako wasolwandle onamahlamvu.
Umndeni wenaliti ufaka: izinyoni zasolwandle, izinaliti zolwandle, ezinamaqabunga nezidonsa zasolwandle zokhula.
Spiny Seahorse.
Isizungu sokuziqhenya komthungi wasolwandle.
Ilukuluku.
I-Seahorse luhlobo lwezinhlanzi ezincane zasolwandle zemvelo zasolwandle zomndeni wezinaliti zasolwandle zenaliti eno-oda. Inani lezinhlobo zasolwandle lifinyelela cishe ku-50. Ukwakheka okungajwayelekile komzimba weganga kufana nengcezu yehhashi. Izikhala eziningi ezinde nokugquma okufana nesikhumba okuvela emzimbeni wesikhumba kuyenza ingabonakali phakathi kwe-algae futhi ingatholakali kwabazingeli. Osayizi basolwandle basuka ku-2 kuye ku-30 cm, kuya ngohlobo lomuntu othile okulo. Isici esithandekayo seahorse ukuthi owesilisa uthwala inzalo yabo.
I-taxonomy ye-seahorse iyadida kakhulu ngenxa yekhono elihlukile lalezinhlanzi lokushintsha ukubukeka kwazo - umbala kanye nokwakheka komzimba. Izihlobo eziseduzane zasolwandle izinhlanzi ezincane - izinaliti zasolwandle, ezinokufana kakhulu ekwakhekeni komzimba ngamahhashi. Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka komzimba kanye nendlela yokuhamba emanzini “amahhashi” olwandle ayijwayelekile ngokuphelele.
Umzimba we-seahorses emanzini awusiwo owendabuko kwezinhlanzi - ngokuqondile noma ngokuxakayo. Isizathu salokhu bladder enkulu yokubhukuda, iningi laso lisemzimbeni ophezulu we-seahorse. Akunakwenzeka ukudida lezi zinhlanzi ezinomusa nezimibalabala, ezifana nobucwebecwebe noma amathoyizi, nganoma yimuphi umuntu ohlala entweni yamanzi.
Umzimba we-seahorse awumboziwe ngesikali, kodwa ngamapuleti amathambo. Izembatho zempi ezihlabayo zivikela ebungozini. Izembatho zempi ziqine kakhulu kangangokuba cishe akunakwenzeka ukugqekeza ngisho nasesiswini esifile. Kodwa-ke, egobolondweni lakhe ulula futhi ashesha kangangokuba ngokoqobo afinyelela emanzini, futhi umzimba wakhe ucwazimula ngayo yonke imibala yesibhakabhaka - kusuka e-olintshi kuya ku-grey-ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kusuka ku-lime ophuzi kuya kobomvu ovuthayo. Ngokuya kokukhanya, kulungile nje ukuqhathanisa le nhlanzi nezinyoni ezishisayo nezinhlanzi ezikhanyayo zamakhorali ezinemibala egqamile.
Lezi zinhlanzi zihlala olwandle lwezindawo ezishisayo nezifudumele. Ububanzi bawo buzungeza umhlaba wonke. Izinyoni zasolwandle zihlala emanzini angajulile phakathi kwamathanga asolwandle noma phakathi kwamakhorali. Lezi izinhlanzi ezihlala phansi futhi ngokuvamile azisebenzi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ama-seahorses asonga umsila wawo ngensimbi yamakhorali noma ngesixha sotshani basolwandle futhi achitha iningi lesikhathi sawo ekulesi sikhundla. Kepha amadragoni amakhulu olwandle awakwazi ukunamathela ezimileni. Kumabanga amafushane babhukuda bebambe umzimba ngokuqondile, uma kufanele bashiye "indlu", lapho-ke bayakwazi ukubhukuda endaweni ecishe ibe yaphezulu. Babhukuda kancane. Ngokuvamile, uhlobo lwalezinhlanzi luzolile ngendlela emangalisayo futhi lumnene; ama-seahores awakhombisi ulaka kubantu bakubo nezinye izinhlanzi.
Bazondla nge-plankton. Balandelela ama-crustaceans amancane kunazo zonke, amehlo aphendukayo ahlekisayo. Lapho nje isisulu sisondela kumzingeli omncane, i-seahorse idonsa izihlathi zayo, idale ingcindezi engemihle emgodleni womlomo futhi ingene encekwini njengesihlanza sendawo. Ngaphandle kobukhulu bawo obuncane, ama-skates angabathandi bokudla futhi angazitika ngobudlova kuze kufike emahoreni ayi-10 ngosuku.
Ama-seahorses anama-fins amathathu amancane kuphela: i-dorsal isiza ukubhukuda iya phambili, kanti amaphiko amabili omuntu alawula ibhalansi eqondile futhi asebenza njengomhlanga.
Ngomzuzu wobungozi, olwandle kungasheshisa kakhulu ukuhamba ngokufafaza amaphiko kuze kube ngama-35 ngomzuzwana (abanye ososayensi baze babize nenombolo 70). Ngobuchule bayaphumelela ukuqondisa ngokuqondile. Ngokushintsha ivolumu yesibhukuda sokubhukuda, lezi zinhlanzi zihamba zenyuka zenyuka endaweni eyindilinga. Noma kunjalo, izinkampani zasolwandle azikwazi ukubhukuda ngokushesha - zibhekwa njengabaphathi bamarekhodi ngokuhamba kancane kokubhukuda phakathi kwezinhlanzi ezidumile. Esikhathini esiningi, i-seahorse ilenga inganyakazi emanzini, ngomsila wayo ubambe ulwelwe, amakhorali, noma isihlobo sesihlobo.
Skates ingahambisa "ukugibela" izinhlanzi. Ngenxa yomsila wayo ogobile, olwandle bangahamba amabanga amade. Babamba iminsalo ye-perch futhi babambe kuze kube yilapho izinhlanzi zibhukuda emathangeni ohlobo lwe-algae. Futhi izikebhe zibamba umbhangqwana wazo ngomsila wazo bese zibhukuda ziwumbopha.
Amehlo olwandle olukhulu, umbono ubukhali. Umsila wazo ugoqwe yisibambo esiswini, futhi izimpondo zezimo ezahlukahlukene zihlobisa amakhanda azo.
Amehlo ez skates ahamba ngokuzimela komunye. Isitho sombono womthungi wasolwandle sinjengamehlo enyama. Iso elilodwa lalezi zinhlanzi lingabheka phambili, bese elesibili - ukubona ukuthi kwenzekani ngemuva.
Ama-seahorses anekhono lokushintsha umbala wemizimba yawo, evumela ukuthi bazifihle ngekhono emathokheni naphakathi kwendawo engezansi. I-seahorse elengayo cishe akunakwenzeka ukuyibona lapho ilalela ngaphandle uma ubheka kakhulu. Amandla okufihla ayadingeka kuma-seahores kokubili ekuvikelweni nasekuzingeleni okuphumelelayo, ngoba bangabazingeli abasebenzayo.
Ezilwandle ezigeza ogwini lwaseRussia, izilwane zasolwandle zimelelwa kuphela izinhlobo ezimbili noma ezintathu - i-Seahorse emnyama yolwandle: etholakala oLwandle oluMnyama nolwe-Azov, kanye nolwandle lwaseJapan oluhlala oLwandle lwaseJapan. Ngesinye isikhathi, oLwandle Olumnyama, umuntu angahlangana nolwandle olude olunamanzi amaningi, oluvamile olwandle oluseMedithera yaseMedithera. Ukuze uthole indawo yokuhlala unomphela, olwandle bakhetha izindawo ezinokuthula, abathandi amagagasi asemoyeni anamhlanje angenasiphithiphithi.
Ama-seahorses izinhlanzi eziyizikhulu, zihlala emibhangqwaneni eshadile, kepha ngezikhathi ezithile zingashintsha abalingani. Kuyabonakala ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi ziqandwe amaqanda, nezinsikazi nezintokazi ziguqula izindima. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, i-ovipositor yowesifazane ikhula kubantu besifazane, kuthi emadodeni amadala aminyene endaweni yomsila akha isikhwama. Ngaphambi kokusakazeka, ophathina benza umdanso omude wokuqhathanisa.
Owesifazane ubeka amaqanda esikhwameni sowesilisa futhi uwathwala cishe amasonto ama-2. UFry osanda kuzalwa uphuma esikhwameni ngembobo emincane. Ama-Dragons olwandle awanazo izikhwama futhi avela ngesiqu somsila. Ukuzala kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-1500 gazinga. Izinhlanzi ezisanda kuzalwa zizimele ngokuphelele futhi zihamba zisuka kumbhangqwana wabazali.
Phakathi kwama-seahorses kukhona nabamele abambalwa kakhulu, usayizi wamasentimitha ambalwa, kukhona nohlobo oluthile lwama-giants aze afike kumasentimitha angama-30 ubude. Uhlobo oluncane kunazo zonke i-seahorse emincane, etholakala eGulf of Mexico. Ubude bawo abudluli amasentimitha amane. EziLwandle eziMnyama nezaseMedithera, umuntu angahlangana nosolwandle obude noma obonakalayo, ubude bawo bufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-12-18. Abamele abaziwayo kakhulu bezinhlobo iHippocampus Kuda, ezihlala ogwini lwase-Indonesia. Izinyoni zasolwandle zalolu hlobo, ubude bazo buba amasentimitha ayi-14, zigqamile futhi zinemibala egqamile, ezinye zinezimfashini, ezinye zinemibala. Izinyoni zasolwandle ezinkulu kakhulu zitholakala eduze nase-Australia.
Isikhathi sokuphila seahorses esijwayelekile siyiminyaka emi-3-4. Ukusinda ngokweqile kwalezi zinhlanzi kuyaziwa - ukukhishwa emanzini, zingaphila amahora amaningi futhi zibuyele empilweni ejwayelekile uma zikhishwe entweni yazo yokuzalwa.
Ama-seahorses anezitha ezimbalwa zemvelo - umzimba wakhe umningi kakhulu futhi umbozwe ukwakheka kwamathambo. Ngakho-ke, kuphela umqhele omkhulu womhlaba ongena kuwo, okwaziyo ukugaya inyamazane enjalo. Kubantu, izinhlanzi zasolwandle aziyona ingozi. Le yinhlanzi enokuthula engenacala, futhi incane kakhulu.
Indoda uqobo lwayo ibeka ingozi enkulu olwandle. Namuhla, izilwane zasolwandle sezisondele ekuqothulweni - imfuyo yabo isincipha ngokushesha. INcwadi Ebomvu iqukethe izinhlobo ezingama-30 zezikebhe ezingama-32 ezaziwa isayensi. Kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu, futhi esinye sazo ukubanjwa okukhulu kwezikebhe ogwini lweThailand, iMalaysia, i-Australia kanye nePhilippines. Ukubonakala kwezinhlanzi okuxakayo kwabenza baba neqiniso lokuthi abantu bazisebenzisa njengezikhumbuzo kanye nezipho.
Iphuzu elihlukile lokwehlisa inani labantu basolwandle iqiniso lokuthi ukunambitheka kwalezi zinhlanzi kubongwa kakhulu ngama-gourmets. Isibindi ne-caviar yama-seahorses kubhekwa njengokudla okumnandi, yize zinezinto ezithile eziphuphisayo. Ama-seahorses kwezinye izindawo zokudlela abiza ama- $ 800 ngokusebenza ngakunye.
Inani elikhulu lezinhlanzi zasolwandle (ngokusho kokuqagelwa okuthile - kuze kufinyelele kwizigidi ezingama-80 skates ngonyaka) ezisetshenziswa emazweni asendaweni yePacific Asia kanye ne-Australia ekwenzeni imithi kanye namaphayiphu. Le mishanguzo isetshenziswa njenge-painkiller yokukhwehlela kanye nesifuba somoya, futhi njengesixazululo sokungasebenzi kahle. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, le "Viagra" yaseMpumalanga Ekude idume kakhulu eYurophu. Abantu bazi ngezindlela zokuphulukisa zenyama yezinhlanzi zasolwandle kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Seasorses asetshenziselwe ukulungiswa kwemithi ehlukahlukene kanye ne-potion emazweni amaningi.
Akulula kakhulu ukugcina izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezifuywayo; ziyafuneka ekudleni futhi zithambekele ezifweni, kodwa kuyajabulisa kakhulu ukuzibuka.
Ama-seahorses angacula. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, badansa imidanso eyingqayizivele ezizungeze abalingani babo kanye nabalingani babo futhi bazihambise nemisindo yokuchofoza, ijubane labo elingashintsha.
Ngokusekelwe kwizifundo ze-anatomical, zamamolekyuli kanye nezofuzo, kwembulwa ukuthi i-seahorse inhlanzi yenaliti eshintshwe kakhulu. Izinsalela zakudala zasolwandle azivamile. Amafutha ezinhlobo ze-Hippocampus guttulatus (ezihlobene no-H. ramulosus) kusukela ekwakhekeni komfula iMarecchia (isifundazwe sase-Italy iRimini) yizona ezifundwa kakhulu. Lokhu okutholwe kubhalwe ku-Lower Pliocene (cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezintathu ezedlule). Amacala okuqala asolwandle abhekwa njengezinhlobo ezimbili zenaliti ezifana noMidiocene Hippocampus sarmaticus kanye neHippocampus slovenicus ezitholakala eSlovenia. Iminyaka yabo ilinganiselwa eminyakeni eyi-13 yezigidi. Ngokwendlela yewashi yamamolekyuli, izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zasolwandle nezinhlanzi zenaliti zahlukaniswa eLate Oligocene. Kunombono wokuthi lolu hlobo luvele ngokuphendula kokuvela kwezindawo ezinkulu zamanzi angajulile, okwakubangelwa izehlakalo ze-tectonic. Ukuvela kokujula okuningana kwaholela ekusakazekeni kwe-algae, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, izilwane ezihlala kule ndawo.
Kumbuzo, ngabe bewazi ukuthi i-seahorse yesilisa ibeletha izingane. isethwe ngumlobi ANNA DEMCHENKO impendulo enhle kunazo zonke Ngazile.
Impendulo evela I-European [inkosi]
futhi wenzani umuntu wesifazane?
Impendulo evela izinganekwane [guru]
Ubaphatha esikhwameni esikhethekile emzimbeni
Impendulo evela Strip [guru]
Akabazalanga, ngomqondo ongokoqobo wegama. Ugqoka i-caviar ayinikwa yilowesifazane. I-hatch hatch esikhwameni sowesilisa bese uphumela ngaphandle.
Impendulo evela I-Artyom Loginov [newbie]
Ayizalanga kepha ithwala umzimba wayo, insikazi ifaka amaqanda emzimbeni wesilisa bese iyazithwala yona
Impendulo evela Olga Trofimova [guru]
cha angazi ngiyabonga
Impendulo evela I-Anatoly Petunin [guru]
I-Zoology esikoleni kwakudingeka ifunde. yize isiphi isikole manje. Ukutholwa kokuthola, kuthakazelisa kakhulu
Impendulo evela U-Alexa Khokhlova [guru]
Isici esiyingqayizivele kunazo zonke seahorses ukuzalanisa. Umbuzo ophikisana kakhulu nokuthi ngubani, owesilisa noma owesilisa, ozala amawundlu. Kunoma ikuphi, owesilisa uthwala i-fry. Esiswini sakhe, eduze ne-anus, kunamafule amabili esikhumba afakwe esikhwameni. Ngesikhathi sokuzalela, lesi sikhwama siyaqina futhi sihlatshwe yimithambo yegazi: nansi indlela owesilisa ulungiselela ngayo ukuthola i-caviar futhi ondle imibungu. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-cloaca yowesifazane iyanwetshwa, yakha i-papilla yangasese, ifakwe kuyo i-caviar esikhwameni sowesilisa. Inqubo yokuthandana kwabantu abalinganisayo ifaka izingoma nemidanso. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, ama-seahorses ayahlabelela. Kunoma ikuphi, enza imisindo ephansi impela, akhumbule ukukhunjulwa kweminwe. Lezi zingoma ziyandiswa ngesikhathi sokuzala. Umdanso we-skate ubandakanya ukuhamba ngezingalo-ezingalweni (imisila yokuluka) nemibuthano emihle phakathi kolwelwe. Ngemuva kwalokho izinhlanzi zicindezelwa zibhekane, ngalesi sikhathi owesilisa uvula isikhwama bese insikazi ibekela amaqanda amaningana kuyo. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, isenzo siyaphindwa okufanayo noma kwesinye esikhethiwe, bese kuthi futhi isikhwama siphinde senziwe ngamaqanda amaningana. Lokhu kwenzeka kuze kube yilapho isikhwama sigcwaliswa. Inani lemibungu ebanjiwe ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene isuka ku-20 iye ku-1000. Ubukhulu bamaqanda cishe buyi-2 mm. Isikhathi sokuthuthuka siyizinsuku ezingama-20 - 28.
Ezikrinini, njengakwezinye izinhlanzi, i-caviar inokudla okunezakhi (yolk), okusho ukuthi ama-embryos anokuthile akudlayo. Kodwa-ke, inethiwekhi eyenziwe kahle kakhulu yemithambo yegazi esebenza ngokufana ne-placenta yezilwane ezincelisayo yatholakala ezindongeni zesikhwama. Kungacatshangwa ukuthi inzalo ayondli kuphela ku-yolk, kodwa futhi nakulokho okuyilethela igazi likababa, njengoba kunjalo nasezilwaneni ezincelisayo. Ngakho-ke, bathi ku-skates, umama nobaba bashintsha izindima. Owesilisa kunzima ukubekezelela ukukhulelwa nokubeletha
Nansi indlela abasemanzini abachaza ngayo ukuzalwa kwezinyoni zasolwandle: “Owesilisa okhulelwe wanamathela esiqwini sesitshalo waqala ukunyakaza ngesigqi, ngenkathi ehlanganisa isisu esikhukhumele ngesigaxa sakhe. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuvulwa kwesikhwama kwaqala ukuvula kancane futhi kwavela imisila eminingana kuyo. Ngodonga oluncane lwesikhwama umuntu wayekwazi ukubona amakhanda amancane anamehlo amnyama. Ekugcineni, omunye wemisila wawungaphambi kokunye futhi wehla cishe ngengxenye, kwathi umzuzwana, ngemizamo kababa owayesunduza, iwundlu lokuqala laphuma esikhwameni. Ngakho-ke, ngokuzikhandla, emizuzwini embalwa owesilisa uthulule isikhwama. "Kepha kuthi ngemuva kokubanjwa kwefry, iduna libaphethe esikhwameni isikhashana. Lithambisa umzimba libheke phezulu, livula isikhwama bese uFry alishiyile, kepha uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi bacasha futhi.
isixhumanisi
Izimo zokuboshwa - yini okufanele ibe "yitebhisi"
- Inketho enhle ukuthenga i-aquarium entsha, ephezulu (amas- 45-50 cm). Lokhu kungenxa yokuhamba kwephiko endizeni ebheke phezulu. Isikhala esinikezwe yena sisetshenziswa ngempumelelo ephezulu.
Ngokugcina ngababili, isisombululo esifanele ukubabeka endaweni enamanzi anomthamo ongaphezu kwamalitha ayi-130 nokuphakama okungenani kwengxenye yemitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zingane azidingi ukukhanyiswa okukhanyayo (inzuzo yezomnotho). - Izinga lokushisa lamanzi asemanzini kufanele lihlale lipholile, lingabi ngaphezu kwama-24 degrees. Umlandeli ofakwe ngenhla kuzosiza ukufeza inkomba enjalo.
Umakhelwane e-aquarium nokuhlobisa kwayo
- Izinhlanzi zihamba kancane futhi ziyanakekela, ngamasayizi amancane, angabi yingozi (izinja zasolwandle, i-scorpion, ama-gobies amancane nabanye).
- Ama-invertebrates izinhlobo ezahlukene zeminenke. Ngeke babe omakhelwane abahle kakhulu, kodwa futhi bahlanzeke nge-aquarium kusuka kumfucumfucu wokudla - ama-shrimps amancane.
- Amakhorali Ukusondela ekukhetheni kwabo kufanele kube nesibopho esikhulu, kungenjalo kungadala ukufa kwezidakamizwa zasemanzini. Abamele amakhorali kufanele aphephe (angaboli) futhi anciphise ukukhanya. Amakhorali okwakha ayaziwa kakhulu futhi afunwa, ngokubukeka awahlukile kakhulu kwangempela futhi ahlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo ezibekiwe.
- Amatshe aphilayo ahambisana nemithetho yehostela. Isimo kuphela ukuthi kumele baphile ngokuphelele, abavunyelwe ukuba nanoma yiziphi izifo ezingamagciwane.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokuthi 'wethule' ukuthukuthela komakhelwane, kufanele uzinikeze isikhathi sokujwayela indawo entsha.
Njengomhlobiso, kuyadingeka ukufaka ama-racks akhethekile e-aquarium, lapho kuwo izikejana zizonamathela emisileni yazo bese zilenga ibheke phansi, zibheka izisulu ezingaba khona. Futhi i-algae yokufakelwa ngombala onsundu izoba ngenye indlela enhle kwabaphilayo: izilwane zichitha isikhathi esiningi kuzo, zibamba imisila yazo futhi iphendukisa amehlo ayo ngezindlela ezihlukile lapho ifuna ukudla.
Yondla nokunakekela
Njengomphakeli, ungasebenzisa iziqukathi ezithengiwe noma ezenziwe ngcono - amagobolondo amakhulu, izinkomishi zengilazi noma ukumaka nje kwamatshe.
Ukudla kuyisitshitshi esincane esineqhwa, ngosuku lomuntu ngamunye akufuneki ngaphezu kwezingcezu eziyi-7.
Ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba kuqukethe ukuhlolwa kwabo njalo nokwenziwe ngokucophelela kwesikhumba sabo, futhi uma kungalimala kuso, isiguli sifakwa e-aquarium esehlukile futhi kusetshenziswe iqoqo lezindlela zokwelapha.
Njengoba ubona, ukugcina abamele ama-aquarium exotic - ama-seahorses asichithi isikhathi esiningi. Kepha yeka imizwa emingaki eyinikezayo!