IHovawart luhlobo lwezinja, izinhlobo zomgadli waseJalimane. Izinja zeHovawart (Hovawart) azigcini nje ngokuba nokuvikelwa futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuvikela imfuyo nempahla yasendlini, kodwa futhi zingabangane abahle kakhulu abanesimo esihle, ukuzinikela okungenamkhawulo emndenini. Izinja zakwaHoward eziqeqeshwa ngempumelelo, zingasebenza njengezinja zokutakula, onogada, kanye nokubekezelela izimo ezicindezelayo.
Umlando ezinhlotsheni zemvelo
Kukholakala ukuthi yinja kaHovawart okuyiqhawe lendaba yokuvinjezelwa kwenqaba yase-Ordensritterburg ngo-1210. Inja yakhipha kule nqaba yavinjezelwa ingane encane - indodana yenkosi yendawo. Igama lakhe kwakungu-Eike von Repkov. Wakhula umfana, waba ngumuntu odumile. Ngo-1274, washicilela ikhodi yemithetho ekhuluma ngesijeziso sokulimaza izinja zakwaHovawart.
Izinja zeHovawart
Qaphela! Emibhalweni yama-medieval yaseGerman yekhulu le-15. Izinja zeHovawart zibalwa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezi-5 ezinhle ezingajaha abaphangi nabangenayo. Lezi zinja zazibaluleke kakhulu kanye nezinja ezizingelayo.
Inja yasendulo yeHovawart yayihlala emapulazini abantu abasebenzela abalimi, isiza abelusi. I-aristocracy yayisetshenziselwa ukuzingela isilo esikhulu, ihamba nemikhankaso. Ngemuva kokuba ukunxenxa kunqatshelwe ukugcina izinja ezinkulu, abakwaHowavards baba yizilwane ezivamile. Abanini bazo bangaba kuphela abamele izigaba ezicebile. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-17 baqala ukukhohlwa ngezinja zakwaHoward, njengoba kuzala kubizwa kanjalo, kwathathwa ezinye izinhlobo ezazinemfashini ngaleso sikhathi.
Ngekhulu lama-20 Izinja zakwaHovawart zazihlala emapulazini nasemapulazini ezifundeni ezimbili zaseJalimane. Batholwe lapho ngumuntu othandayo wohlobo lukaK. Konig. Ngalezi zilwane, ukubuyiselwa kokuzalela kwaqala. Iminyaka engu-20, umngcele wobuzwe wawuphawulwa. Ngo-1937 ukuzalaniswa kwempahla kwaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni, kwaqaliswa ukubhaliswa kwezinga lokuqala.
Qaphela! Izinja zeHovawart ziyakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezizimele futhi zenza kuphela ngokuthanda abanikazi.
Okujwayelekile nencazelo esemthethweni yohlobo lweHovawart
Uhlobo lokuzala uHovawart FCI No. 190 lwashicilelwa eNgilandi ngomhlaka 9/25/1998, eFrance ngomhlaka 4/6/1998, eJalimane mhlaka 1/12/1998, e-Italy ngomhlaka 12/4/1998. I-Kennel Federation (FCI) Hovawart yabelwa iqembu lesibili, isigaba sesi-2, iqembu leMolossoid - inja esebenza phakathi nendawo.
Izinja ezimnyama zeHovawart
UHovawart kanye neGolden Retriever: umehluko
Amadlozi eGolden Retriever yiNewfoundlands, Setter and Tweed Water Spaniels. Ukubuyiselwa kwegolide kubelwe eqenjini le-8 FCI - inja yokuzingela.
Yize ama-Hovawarts ne-Golden Retrievers enokufana kwangaphandle, ahlukahlukene ngosayizi nangenhloso. Eyokuqala inemibala emithathu yejazi evunyiwe (emnyama, emnyama ne-tan ne-fawn), eyesibili - ama-shades ahlukahlukene kusuka kwegolide kuya kukhilimu. Ukubuyiselwa kwegolide lapho ibuna ayikwazi ukuba ngaphezulu kuka-51 cm, ukuphakama kweHovawart kungama-70 cm, yize isisindo esilinganayo sezinja zalezi zinhlobo zombili zicishe zifane - 40 kg.
Qaphela! Cowardly, phlegmatic, izinja ezinolaka azihlangabezani namazinga okuzala.
Uhlobo lweGolden Retriever
Hovawart Izici kanye Behaviors
Isimo esisebenzayo sohlobo lwenja senza izinja ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezinobungane zihlale zifuna okuthile, zihlala ziqaphile. Ngaphandle kokubonisa ubutha, lezi zinja ziyakwazi ukuvimba umfokazi ongene efulethini ngaphambi kokuba abanikazi bafike. Izinja zijabule, ziyahambahamba, zithanda ukudlala nezingane, ziyabekezelela kakhulu ukuhlukaniswa namanye amalungu omndeni.
Banokuthambekela kobuholi, kepha ngokuhlangana komphakathi kwesikhathi esedlule ngeke babe nobutha nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Izinja eziqeqeshiwe zibhekana nemisebenzi yamaphoyisa, zibamba iqhaza emisebenzini yokutakula ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo ezinezimo ezinzima zesimo sezulu, futhi zisetshenziselwa ukusiza abantu abakhubazekile.
Izilwane zeHovawart zinesikhathi esikhulu sokuvuthwa. Kuze kube yiminyaka engu-2 osemusha oqhoshayo uhlala emzimbeni omkhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuzibandakanya komphakathi, ukuqeqeshwa nokubhekwa kwezinja kufanele kuqhubeke kuze kube yilonyaka.
Kubalulekile! Ukuqapha ukuxhumana kwezinja nezingane ezincane kufanele kube njalo. Imidlalo ehlanganyelwayo eyintandokazi ingaphetha ngokugxuma nokungaphumeleli kokulimala enganeni.
Enkundleni yokuqeqeshwa
Ukunakekela impilo
Izinja zeHovawart zisebenza kakhulu. Uma abanikazi begcina inja efulethini, lapho-ke kufanele bahambe nesilwane okungenani amahora angama-1.5-2 nsuku zonke. Inketho yokuqukethwe ehamba phambili insimu enikezwe inja esakhiweni nendlu yayo. Lokhu kugcina impilo futhi kunwebe isikhathi sokuphila sesilwane.
Qaphela! Izinja zeHovawart ziphila zineminyaka eyi-14. Empeleni, abaguli. Abafuyi bazimisele ukuletha izinja ezingazitholi izakhi zofuzo. Isifo se-canine esivame kakhulu - i-dysplasia ehlanganisiwe - sitholakala kungaphezulu kwe-5% yohlobo lokuzalela.
Izinwele ezinde zezinja zithatha isikhathi kusuka kubanikazi kuphela ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, lapho zifakwa nsuku zonke. Isikhathi sonke sihlanganisa kabili ezinsukwini eziyi-7-10.
Izinja zinamazinyo aqinile, kepha kusadingeka ukuthi uzixubhe kanye noma kabili ngesonto. Izindlebe zahlola isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku eziyi-10-15, zahlanzwa uthuli nokungcola. I-mucus eqoqiwe ekhoneni lamehlo kufanele kube yisikhathi sokuvakashela udokotela wezilwane. Kanye njalo ezinyangeni ezi-2, kuhlolwe isimo sezipikili namaphaseji we-paw; uma kunesidingo, izindlawu zifinyeziwe.
Ukugoma kuqala ekuthini izingane ezinkulisa ngisho nase-enkulisa, khona-ke ngokohlelo okuvunyelwene ngalo nodokotela bezilwane.
Kwizinja ezihlanzekile zeHovawart, ukudla okungokwemvelo kuphela, ukungabekezeleli inyama eluhlaza kufanele kubangele ukuba isilwane sidlulisele kokuphakelayo kwezimboni.
Kubalulekile! Izinja ebusika zokuhamba eqhweni udinga ukusika izinwele ezintanjeni eziphakathi kweminwe.
Imidlwane yeHovawart yedoti efanayo
Ukukhetha kwe-puppy
Ukuthenga inja encane yakwaHoward, njengoba ngokuzalanisa kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokungafanele, yize lokhu kungabucayi, ungathola eMoscow enkambini iHovawart Zobels Hof, eVoronezh - "Kusuka eSigodini Samachibi Amanhlanu", eYekaterinburg - Vom Klinov Hof (FCI-RKF), eSt. Fort Forte, Omsk - Vom Les hof. Umdlwane ungabiza ama- $ 1,000. *
Qaphela! Izinsana zeHovawart zibizwa ngeVega, Delilah, Xena, Liana, Nymph, Athena, Polly, Juno, Eureka, Helga. Kubafana, amagama abizwa ngeBucephalus, uWalter, uDavid, uHermes, uZeus, uKlaus, uLuxor, uMaximus, uNicholas, u-Orpheus, uRalph, uFiliphu, uKhesari, uJupiter.
Ukuthenga i-Hpyawart puppy enempilo kulula. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi akusona isilwane sokuhlobisa esizovela emndenini, kepha isilwane esinezifiso zemvelo, ukucabanga okuzimele, kanye nokuthambekela kobuholi. Umuntu kuphela onomlingiswa oqinile futhi onempilo enhle ongakhulisa isilwane esinothando, esikhonondayo, esinobungane kuye (izimfanelo ezifuywayo ezinjeni lapho zizalela umhlobo).
Indaba yomqaphi wenqaba
Ngokokuqala ngqa, ukuzalaniswa kweHovawart kushiwo ezinsukwini zangekhulu le-XIII. Ngokomlando wokugcina umlando, le nja ekuqaleni ibithathwa njengento elite. Ngakho-ke, izinja zalokhu kuzalaniswa zingahlukaniswa kuphela yizicukuthwane nababusi abaphezulu. Yize izihlobo “zonogada” abavela kwamanye amazwe bezingabhekwa njengabaphakeme, kunalokho, baqhubeka nokuhamba nabelusi futhi benza imisebenzi “yokusebenza”.
Kunombono wokuthi izinja, ezithathwa njengamadlozi wohlobo lweHovawart, zazisetshenziselwa hhayi kuphela ukuvikela izinqaba, kodwa nokushushisa, kanye nokuhamba nomnikazi wazo ngesikhathi semikhankaso yezempi. Kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, inani lezinja lancipha kakhulu kangangokuba kwaba nengozi yokulahlekelwa ngokuphelele abamele lolu hlobo lokuzalwa. Ngenhlanhla, kwatholakala abantu abancane abasinda ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa yindawo yokuhlala kanye nomdlandla wabafuyi babo. Kuthathe iminyaka engamashumi amabili ukuvuselela lokhu kuzalwa, okuye kwenziwa izinguquko ezithile futhi kuyehluka ezinjeni zezizukulwane zokuqala (bheka isithombe).
Eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu edlule, ukuzalela cishe kwabuyiselwa, kwathi ngonyaka we-1937 kwaqalwa kwaqalwa kwaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni.
Ukusho ukuthi iHovawart iyisivikeli esikhulu, umlindi nomngane kusho ukungasho lutho. Eqinisweni, le nja inezinhlobo eziningi zezimfanelo ezinhle ezenze yenziwa indawo yonke. Izingane zifunwa emazweni ehlukene, abantu beminyaka ehlukene kanye ne-Status ehlukile. Futhi njengoba kufakazelwa ukubuyekezwa kwabanikazi abanelisekile, le yinja eyingqayizivele ehlanganisa osayizi abakhulu impela, ukungathí sina kanye nemvelo enhle (bheka isithombe). Nokho, ukuba khona kwezimpawu ezinjengokwethembeka, ukwethembeka nokuzimisela ukuvikela inkosi yabo nezinto zayo kuyiphinda kabili inzalo yohlobo lokuzala.
Kancane ngesimo seHovawart
IHovawart yinja eqeqesheke kakhulu futhi inesifiso sokuthola uku-oda nokuziphatha ngaphakathi. Ukuqeqesha isilwane kuzothokozisa umnikazi kanye nesilwane. Vele, kuncike emithethweni ethile. Udinga ukulungiswa ngeqiniso lokuthi iHovawart iyinhlobo yezinja enomqondo wesithunzi. Ukujezisa isilwane, ukusebenzisa amandla enqubeni yokukhulisa akuyona into engafanele. Futhi i-hovawart, ukubuyekezwa kwabanikazi kuqinisekisa lokhu, kubekwe njengenja enolaka oluqinile. Ekugcineni, ukubuyekezwa komnikazi kukhombisa ukuthi inja ithembela kakhulu kubantu bangaphandle. Kepha, mhlawumbe, kuyinto evamile kakhulu ngezinja eziqaphe.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi mayelana nohlobo lweHovawart
Ngaphezu kwezilinganiso zendabuko, abanikazi balezi zinja bashiya impendulo yokuthi isilwane, ikakhulukazi imidlwane, sisebenza kakhulu, siyadlala futhi siyasebenza. Ebudaleni, inja igcina zonke lezi zici futhi ngentokozo ihamba amabanga amade, noma imijikelezo, ihambisane nomnikazi wayo.
Futhi, ukubuyekezwa kwabanikazi kuqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo yokukhula isilwane yenzeka sekwephuzile. Ngakho-ke i-Hovawart iqala ukukhula sekwephuze kanti isikhathi eside iyamangaza umniniyo ngokuziphatha kwe-puppy.
Izinja zalolu hlobo zingakwazi futhi zikhuliswe kancane nangokubekezela. Futhi, izinzuzo zesilwane zibandakanya izimfanelo ezinjengokukhuthazela, ukungabekezeli ekudleni nasekunakekelweni, amandla okusebenza kunoma yiziphi izimo zezulu, ukukhululeka kokunakekelwa. By the way, Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo evamile yokuthi izinwele ezinde zezinja zidinga ukunakekelwa okubucayi kakhulu nokuningi, i-Hovawart iyihlukile kulo mthetho. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinja zinejazi elinobukhulu futhi elifanelekile (bheka isithombe), ukunakekela kulula futhi kulula.
Kepha laba abagada inqaba banamaphutha. Ngakho-ke i-hovawart ihlala ifuna ukuba ngabokuqala. Uma sekuvele kukhona ezifuywayo endlini, khona-ke iHovawart izokwenza yonke imizamo ukuthatha isikhundla esiphambili. Ungavala amehlo akho kulokhu, uma nje ukubusa kungafinyeleli kumniniyo.
Standard yegolide
Uma ubheka isithombe, ungabona ukuthi lokhu kuzalanisa okunomzimba oqinile, kepha hhayi osindayo. Ukuzalela akukukhulu, kodwa kunaphakathi. Ngakho-ke isisindo senja asidluli kuma-40 kg, kuthi owesimame - 35 kg. Ukukhula kowesilisa osekhulile kufinyelela ku-70 cm, nabesifazane - 65 cm.
Uhlobo lweHovawart lunekhanda elibanzi nelivezayo. Ngendlela, ekhanda nasemabunzini wengubo yenja imfushane. Ngenkathi kuzo zonke ezinye izindawo, ijazi lide futhi liyi-wavy encane (bheka isithombe). Ngokuqondene nombala, ukuzalanisa kuvumela i-fawn kanye ne-black shades.
Vele ubuke isithombe ukubona ukubukeka okuhle kwesilwane. Le nja inobuhlakani obuphakeme futhi iyaqonda umnikazi ngokungathi shazi. Ngendlela, ukubuyekezwa kwabanikazi nabaphathi bezinja abaqeqeshiwe kuqinisekisa lokhu.
Ukunakekelwa Nempilo
IHovawart, kokubili abadala nemidlwane, ayikukhuthazi kakhulu futhi ifuna ukudla. Kuyadingeka ukugcina imikhawulo ethile ekukhetheni imikhiqizo. Kodwa ukunikeza isilwane sakho ngokudla okukhethekile akukufanele. Akunandaba noma kuzwakala kuyinqaba kanjani, imidlwane eneminyaka emibili yezinyanga ezimbili ingadla kakhulu okudlula isihlobo sayo esidala. I-Gluttony isiphambeko esibonisa ukuthi imidlwane yonke “yabonogada bendlu”. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuqapha kakhulu izingxenye, ngaphandle kwalokho kukhona ubungozi bokweqisa isilwane. Kungcono uma imidlwane idla ukudla kwamaprotheni angama-30%. Kepha ezinjeni ezindala, inani lamaprotheni ekudleni lingaba lincane kakhulu.
Izingane zidla ukudla okwomile okwenzelwe izingane. Intengo yokudla akufanele ikwesabise, ngoba sikhuluma ngempilo yenja. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-hovawart ithola inani elanele lamaminerali kanye namavithamini. Uma kunesidingo, angafakwa ekudleni ngendlela yezithasiselo.
Indaba yezindleko
Uma sikhuluma ngezindleko, khona-ke intengo yengulule ingafinyelela ku-1000 cu Ngaphezu kwalokho, intengo "yamantombazane" ihlala iphakeme kunabesilisa. Intengo futhi ixhomeke kumcabango, iminyaka futhi, ngefomu yomzimba. Kepha, njengoba ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa, wonke amaphesenti kufaneleka ayi-100%, futhi intengo ayisiba yisithiyo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, vele ubheke isithombe futhi ungathandana nalesi sidalwa esihle futhi esihle.
Incazelo emfushane ye
- Amanye amagama: IHovawart, umqaphi wenqaba, unogada wasegcekeni.
- Ukuphakama: inja yabantu abadala iyabuna ifinyelele kuma-70.0 cm.
- Isisindo: kuze kufike ku-45 kg.
- Umbala: mnyama, omnyama, omnyama obomvu.
- Uboya: eside, silky, ngaphansi undercoat ethambile.
- Iskhathi sempilo: Iminyaka eyi-12-15 ubudala.
- Izinzuzo zohlobo: izinja zibonakaliswa ngokuphelele ukuzola nokuthula. Ngaphezu kwalokho banezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zewashi, ukuzinikela nokwethembeka. Izinja ziyakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ngokuzimela ezimweni eziphuthumayo nezimo ngokweqile, futhi ngasikhathi sinye zilalela ngokuphelele.
- Ubunzima: isilwane kumele sibuse kukho konke futhi yonke indawo. Ukhula sekwephuzile, enamakhosi, aphendule ngokuziphatha okunolaka aze afike kulaka olufihliwe, asheshe aphuthume kulowo okonile.
- Intengo: $1000.
Umlando womsuka
Imininingwane yokuqala esemthethweni mayelana nohlobo oludala lomsebenzi waseJalimane, ukuvikela insimu yezinqaba, kubhalwe phansi ukuphela kwe-XII - ukuqala kwamakhulu eminyaka we-XIII. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuzalela cishe kwalahleka ngokuphelele, ngoba kuye kwaphela ukusebenzelana namakhulu amaningi eminyaka. Kepha ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, inzalo yezinto eziphilayo ezazilahlekile yaqala ukuvela kabusha. Inkinga kuphela: izinja zalolu hlobo, ngisho naseJalimane, kwakukhona amayunithi.
Ukuzalela kwaqala ukubuyiselwa kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, bese kuba ngezigaba eziningana. AmaHovawarts akwele ndawo yawo yesimanje ezinhlwini ezimbili zaseJalimane emkhakheni wezofuzo, i-biology ne-zoology, ubaba nendodana - uBertram noKurt Königam.
Emapulazini abampofu aseJalimane kwakukhona izinja eziningi ezinkulu eziqinile ezine-phenotype eduze kohlobo olucishe lwalahleka. Ama-zoologists akhethe okuqinile futhi okuhlala njalo. Abelusi baseJalimane, eNewfoundlands, eKuvashes, izinja zomelusi baseSwitzerland kanye noLeonberger bahlanganyele esiphambanweni. Ubulukhuni bokukhethwa kokukhethwa basivumele ukuba sakhe uhlobo lwezinja ezinezimpawu ezishiwoyo ezaziwuphawu lwamaHovawarts asendulo.
Ukusuka ngo-1908 kuya ku-1914, umlando we-cynology ubonwa njengesigaba sokuqala ekwakhiweni kabusha kohlobo lweHovawart cishe olulahlekile. Ngalesi sikhathi, zimbalwa kuphela izinja ezitholakele ezihlangabezana ngokugcwele nencazelo yokuzalanisa. Kwabhejiswa okukhulu kubo, futhi esigabeni sesibili ngo-1922 i-nursery yezingane zokuqala zivela eJalimane, lapho ngokusemthethweni kwavela izindatshana ezine. Ngo-1924, kwakubhaliswe amalitha angama-17 - lesi bekuyisigaba sesithathu ekwakhiweni kwale nhlobo. Futhi kakade ngonyaka we-1952, isibalo selitha lalolu hlobo lokuzalwa selokhu lasungulwa lingaphezu kwe-125.
Uhlobo lweHovawart waqashelwa yiFCI kuphela ngonyaka we-1972, futhi ihlala ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezithandwa ezinkulu zezinja.
Inhloso yohlobo
Izinja zabelwa ngamabomu izidingo zabalimi. Izilwane ngamazinyo abukhali, uhlelo oluqinile lwezinzwa nokuhleleka okuhle okuqashelwe impahla yasepulazini kanye nezindawo ezifuywayo zabalimi bezikhathi zasendulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebenzi yenja enjenge-moloss yayibekwa icala lokudlulisela izizwe eziguqukayo futhi izisize lapho kushayisana nesilwane esidla inyama.
Hovawarts namuhla wabheka onogada abahle kakhulu izindawo ezizimele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangasebenza njengabahlengi bamanzi nasezintabeni zokusesha ezintabeni. EYurophu, amalungu amaningi wohlobo lokubeletha akhonza eziteshini zamaphoyisa. Ngenxa yephunga elihle kakhulu, basebenza emasikweni, benza uphenyo ngokuhamba kwamaphoyisa ukuthola izidakamizwa neziqhumane.
I-Hovawart: Ukuzalela incazelo, izici
Ngokokuqala ngqa umhlaba ubone inja ngekhulu le-VIII. Ngemuva kwalokho inja yayihamba nezizwe zaseMolossian esifundeni seGerman yangempela. Izinja wasiza izizwe hhayi kuphela empilweni yansuku zonke, kodwa futhi enkundleni yempi. IHovawarta yindawo ephezulu yomphakathi wasendulo. Bangenza izinqumo ezizimele ezimweni ezicindezelayo.
Ukuthatha isinqumo nokuzimisela - lezi yizici zenja, ngaphandle kwayo ebengakwazi ukuya emsebenzini. EJalimane ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX ukuzala kwakusondele kakhulu ekusindeni. Kepha ososayensi bavuselela masinyane uhlobo lokuzalwa kwezinja lwaseJalimane, basungula i-kennel. Namuhla, i-hovawarta ingenye yezinja zokuqapha ezihlakaniphile, ezifanele ukunakwa.
Isimilo
Ama-Hovawarts anomsebenzi omangalisayo ukulingana, umusa, umlingiswa opholile nokuthokoza. Lezi izinja ezikhonondayo, ngokungathandabuzi zilandela imiyalo yabanikazi. Izinja kakhulu thanda izingane, zithande kakhulu izingane. Bahlangana kahle nezinye izilwane ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa.
Ukubukeka kweHovawart
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iHovawart ibizwa ngokuthi yiwashi. Isilwane siphakathi ngosayizi. Ukhulu futhi unamandla. Umzimba wakhe mude kancane kunokuphakama lapho ubuna. Umsila mude futhi awuthulwanga. Emsileni kunezinwele eziningi ezisindayo. Ukukhula kwamadoda ingafinyelela amasentimitha angamashumi ayisikhombisa. Ukuphakama kwentombazane yaseHovawart kufinyelela amasentimitha ayisithupha nanhlanu. Isisindo singaba ngamakhilogramu angamashumi amane. Unekhanda elivelayo kanye nogebhezi olubanzi.
Amehlo angobukhulu obuphakathi, imnyama. Ukubukeka kuhlakaniphile futhi kuzolile. Izindlebe zinazo ukwakheka okungunxantathu bese ulenga ku-cartilage. Amaphayi amade futhi ambozwe ngokucebile ngoboya. Uboya kuzo ubude. Umbala weHovawart uyenzeka:
Kungahle kube nezinwele ezimhlophe ekugcineni komsila nasesifubeni.
Izidlaliso namagama
Noma iyiphi inja yenzalo ithola igama layo ngokusemthethweni lapho izalwa. Kepha zinobuqili futhi azinakubekelwa phansi kangangokuba abanikazi abasha banikeza izingane izinja amagama asekhaya.
KwaHovawart, kunamagama amaningi athakazelisayo - amafushane, anamandla, adlulisela kahle umlingiswa omuhle wohlobo:
- kwabesilisa - UKlaus, uPeter, uRalph, uHermes, uWagner, uThelile, uKhesari, u-Erwin,
- okokuluma - U-Eve, uRikka, uTherks, uXena, uHera, uBianca, uGabby.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa
IHovawarty yinhle bahlala ezindlini ezivulekile nasemafulethini asemadolobheni. Izinwele ezinde ezinhle zenja inekhwalithi emangazayo - ayibanjwa futhi ayakhi amathoni. Ngakho-ke, kwanele ukuhlanganisa iHovawart kanye ngesonto. Imvamisa, ukuyigeza nakho akunconywa, ikakhulukazi ngama-shampoos kanye nezimonyo. Izimonyo zingasoma isikhumba senja, bese isilwane singabonakala siqandeki.
Izindlebe ziyahlanzwa kanye ezinyangeni ezimbili. Ehlobo elishisayo, ukuhlanza izindlebe kungenziwa kaningi kakhulu uma inja idinga - kusuka ekushiseni, ekusithekeni kukhiqizwa ngokushesha.
Amazinyo ahlanzwa kusuka ku-plaque cishe kanye ngeviki. Ubude be-Claw buqashwe futhi. Uma kunesidingo, afakwa ngomshini okhethekile owenzelwe izinja ezinkulu.
Ezempilo kanye neHeredity
IHovawart Kubhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo zezinja eziqine futhi ezinempilo kakhulu emhlabeni. Izifo zabo azihlotshaniswa nobudlozi noma inzalo yokuzalela. Njengomthetho, izinja zigula kuphela ngenxa yokwengamela kwabanikazi:
- ukulimala
- ukulunywa yisinambuzane esinegciwane
- ukugoma okungafanele.
Ukugula okufana ne-hip noma i-elbow dysplasia akujwayelekile kumaHovawarts, kanye nezifo ze-ocular noma zenhliziyo.
Noma kunjalo, ukugoma okufika ngesikhathi ngokulwa ne-enteritis, isifo kanye nesifo samarabi kufanelekile ezinjeni.
AmaHovawarts, akhetha ukuhlala hhayi ezimeni ezifuywayo, kepha esimweni semvelo, adinga ukwelashwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngokumelene nama-parasites amunca igazi - amahlaya, omiyane, imikhaza - esidlulisela izifo ezithathelwanayo eziyingozi empilweni nasempilweni yezinja.
Kuyadingeka ukwenza ukufakwa kwezikhonkwane ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi - Izikelemu ezijwayelekile zokuvikela umzimba hhayi emzimbeni wezinja kuphela, kepha bonke abakhileyo endlini, kubandakanya nabantu.
Uma kwenzeka kuqubuka imala jikelele, inja kufanele ilinganise kuqala izinga lokushisa, bese icela usizo lodokotela wezilwane.
Ukupheka
it engathobeki kakhulu ekudleni ukuzalaniswa kwenja. Zonke, kufaka phakathi imidlwane, zidla ngokuphelele imikhiqizo yemvelo, ingxenye yesithathu yokudla kwayo okuphekwe inyama, i-offal noma isisu senkomo. Izinja ziyakujabulela ukudla imifino nezithelo. Isabelo se-Hovawarts singaba feeds esenziwe ngomumo se-premium noma i-super-premium class for izinhlobo ezinkulu ezihola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo.
Ukuba ngumzali nokuqeqeshwa
Izinja zeHovawart Kulula kakhulu ukuyifunda, futhi ngenxa yesimo salezi zinja zilalela kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuqeqeshwa, ngisho nokuba ngumuntu othanda inja yokuqala, kuzokwenziwa njengokujabulisa umuntu kanye nesilwane sakhe esinemilenze emine.
Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala ukubonakala kwengane endlini, inja kudingeka uqale ukuzijwayeza. Mkhombise ekuhambeni ukuthi udinga ukuya endlini yangasese esemgwaqweni, hhayi ekhaya. Ngokwesithathu, umdlwane ngokwakhe ucela ukuvunwa. Ukuze uhambe nenja, gcina ibhodlela lamanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile ngesitsha sokuphuza.
AmaHovawarts uhlobo oluhle kakhulu lokuzala Ngakho-ke, izisekelo ezijwayelekile zokuqeqeshwa, noma zenziwa ngokuzimela, zizoba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu. Uhambo oluvame ukuya epaki nokuqeqeshwa nabathandi bezinja ngezizathu kufaka isandla enhlalakahleni yomdlwane.
Ngokuvamile, endaweni "enokuthula" - isidalwa se-hovawart esinqunyiweinobungane kumniniyo. Kepha uma isimo sishintsha, iba mdaka, kukhona ithuba lokujwayela izimfanelo eziyiqiniso zenja yokuqapha, ngisho namazinyo ayo aqinile. Kepha lokhu kwenzeka kuphela uma impilo yomnikazi isengozini yangempela.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi
Ukuhamba kwesikhathi kwe-hovawart kukhula futhi abantu abadala ngokweqiniso futhi izinja ezokwahlulela zisondela iminyaka emithathu, esikhundleni salokho, kungenzeka ukuthi kubhekwe ngezinzuzo zohlobo lokuzalela, kunokuba ubheke kokubi. Inja enkulu enokuziphatha kwe-puppy kanye ne-naivety ibangela imizwelo engaphezu kokuphendula okungathandeki. Yebo, futhi ngokungathi sína ukuqeqeshwa izinja kufanele ziqale akekho ngaphambi kweminyaka emibili yobudala.
Kubalulekile ukulayisha inja nge-dosing, ngoba amathambo esilwane nawo akhiwa kancane. Akadingi nje ukukhula, yize iHovawart ibonakala ngokukhula okusheshayo. Ukuze uthole imithwalo engathi sína inja idinga ukuqina, yakha ithambo lesikhumba. Izinkinga zeLimb kulokhu kuzalanisa zenzeka kuphela ngenxa yokulinyazwa okungafanele.
Inkinga enkulu kunazo zonke ebalingini bezinja ngokwedlulele ukuthinta. Kodwa ungahlala uvumelana nenja yakho oyithandayo futhi, ekugcineni, cela intethelelo.
Umlando wozalo lwamaHovawarts
Okokuqala ngqa, uhlobo lweHovawart lwezinja okukhulunywe ngakho ezincwadini zangekhulu le-VIIIkepha wonke umlando wohlobo lokuzalwa uwukudida. Mhlawumbe iqembu lokuzalela laqalwa kudala ngaphambi kwekhulu le-18. Kunobufakazi bez molossians ezihambisana nezizwe eJalimane lanamuhla. Ngale ndlela, lezi zizwe zahlukaniswa isimo sazo esinjengempi, futhi izinja zasiza abantu hhayi kuphela empilweni yansuku zonke, kepha nasenkundleni yempi. Ngokwenye inguqulo, amaHovawarts ayiphrojekthi "yabantu abaphambili" bomphakathi wasendulo. Mina, ukuzalaniswa kwahlukaniswa ngamabomu "kwimibuthano evaliwe" ngandlela-thile yawela ezandleni zabajwayelekile.
Isici esiyingqayizivele sohlobo lokuzala, esahlanganiswa ngenhloso ngekhulu le-17, amandla okwenza izinqumo ezizimele ezimweni ezicindezelayo. Yilo mkhakha obeka uHovawart esimweni esihle kangako emhlabeni we-canine futhi ngasikhathi sinye ubanga ubunzima ngokuqeqeshwa.
Kwadlula amakhulu eminyaka kusuka kokushiwo okokuqala (1274) kuya ekuqashelweni okusemthethweni kweHovawart. Izinga lokubhalisa nokubhaliswa kohlelo lweFCI (International Cynological Federation) kwenzeka ngonyaka we-1964 kuphela, ezweni lezilwane ezinemilenze emine kwaqalwa ngaphambili - ngonyaka we-1959. Izinja zensiza zingene eqenjini kanye nesigaba samaMolossians ngezivivinyo zokuphoqelela ezisebenzayo. Isibindi nokuzimisela kuyizimfanelo ngaphandle kwenja ezingeke zamukelwe njengesizwe.
Umlando wohlobo lokuzala uthwebula umcimbi owenzeka ngekhulu le-XIII. Inja yasekhaya, mhlawumbe uHovawart, uvikele impahla ekuphangeni ahlomile. Ezesabekayo ezinemilenze emine zathola ukulimala okuningi, kepha yaqhubeka impi yaze yaphefumula okokugcina.
IGermany ekugcineni kwe-XIX yayisesimweni "se-boom yezimboni". Zonke izingqinamba ezingahambisani nomkhakha osindayo sezingene ngemuva. Isitoko sabo bonke, ngisho nezinhlobo zezinja ezithandwa kakhulu, sasincipha ngesilinganiso esishaqisayo. UHovawart usephepheni lokusinda. Eqinisweni, abalandeli banamuhla abanezinyawo ezine bakweleta imizamo yababili abafundile bezakhi zofuzo, izazi zezempilo nezazi zezilwane - uBertram noKurt Koenig. Ubaba nendodana ngokuqinile uthathe isinqumo sokuvuselela uhlobo oludumile lwenja yaseJalimane futhi wasungula "i-nursery ekhaya." Ekukhetheni abakhiqizi, ukunakwa kwakukhokhelwa ikakhulukazi emvelweni nakumakhono obuhlakani, nangemva kwangaphandle.
Isifiso somdala Königi ngokuzalanisa sichazwa ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe siqu. Njengoba umfuyi ngokwakhe etshela indodana yakhe, ebuntwaneni wayeneHovawart, umfana ayevame ukuya echibini naye. Inja yabhukuda futhi yadlala nale nsizwa, yaze yanquma ukubhukuda ebusuku. Le enemilenze emine yayilandela uBertram futhi ngazo zonke izindlela yayimvimbela ukuthi angangeni emanzini. Umgilwa akazange ayinake inja futhi wangena echibini, kodwa ngemuva komzuzwana wayesosebeni, futhi isandla sakhe sabanjwa kahle imihlathi yomngane wakhe osikiwe. Ngemuva kwalesi sehlakalo, umfuyi wabiza isilwane sakhe isilwane esicabanga ngokweqile.
Isimanje uHovawart ubizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lokuzalaniswa efektri, ngoba izindlela eziningi zokunqamula ezinhlwini zakhe zibhalwe ohlwini lwamadolozakhe. Esigabeni sokudala ichibi lesisekelo sezinja, izinja ezigcwele kahle azange zibambe iqhaza ekuzaleni nhlobo. Ubaba nendodana bakhetha izilwane kuphela ngokuya ngamakhono abo okusebenza namakhono engqondo. Njengomphumela, kwahlonzwa "umuntu ohlonishwayo" onesibindi, oqinile onedatha enengqondo yokufunda. Ezigabeni ezimbili ezilandelayo, ukuzalaniswa "kwahlungwa" futhi kwaqiniswa, kwethula abakwaLeonberger kanye naseNewfoundlands abaziwayo ngokuzalaniswa. Eminye imithombo ithi uKuvas naye wabamba iqhaza ekuzaleni. Umlingisi ofiselekayo wohlobo lwenzelwa kwakheka, kepha ngokuya ngangaphandle, abafuyi bezimoto babenemisebenzi eminingi.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kweMpi Yezwe II wazalwa "Reference" wesilisa uHovawart - uCastor. Umkhiqizi uhambisana ngokuphelele nencazelo yesimanje yohlobo futhi edlulisela izici ezinhle kuwo wonke amantshontsho akhe. Ukulwa, ubunzima kanye nokucekeleka phansi kwabangela ukumiswa ngokuphelele kokuzala. Ukuqalwa kabusha kokuzala kabusha kukaHovawart kwaqala kuphela iminyaka eyi-5 ngemuva kokuphela kokuhlasela.
Incazelo yohlobo lweHovawart, izimfanelo
Unogada wenqaba - Ngale ndlela igama lohlobo lweHovawart lingahunyushwa kanjani. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi le yinja yokuqapha, kusobala ukuthi okhokho bayo babebuye babuke izinja.
Yikuphi ukuzalanisa okungadidani namaHovawarts, uma ubheka izithombe ... azobiza i- "gada" i-Sennenhund ekhubazekile, noma iLabrador esetshenzisiwe. Ukuzalela kufana kakhulu neLabradors; inja yaseBernese Mountain ifana neHovawart ngombala nosayizi, kepha izinhlamvu namakhono ale mhlobo ahlukile kakhulu.
Umbala we-Hovawarts
Okujwayelekile kuvumela imibala emithathu kuphela:
- Mnyama - ngaphandle kwebala namamaki.
- Okumnyama noku-tan - umbala oyinhloko umnyama, ukumaka kuyaswayeka - imaski engxenyeni engezansi yesizalo, iphenduka intamo, amashiya, amabala amabili (angahlangana) esifubeni, emahlombe, amasokisi kusukela eminweni kuya maphakathi nethanga, indawo engaphansi komsila. Kulombala, ukuba khona kwezinwele ezimhlophe emilenzeni nasemsileni, indawo encane esifubeni kuvunyelwe.
- I-Fawn - umbala oyinhloko ugcwele, isisu nengxenye engezansi ye-sternum kuyaqokonyiswa. Njengokumnyama noku-tan, amamaki amhlophe amukelekile.
Hovawart zohlobo olujwayelekile
- FCI 190 Okujwayelekile 12.01.1998.
- izici ezijwayelekile
IHovawart iyinja esebenzayo, enamandla, ephakathi nendawo, enezinwele ezinde ezisebenzayo nezinwele ezinde. I-dimorphism yezocansi kuthiwa, ikakhulukazi ngesimo senhloko nomzimba. - Izilinganiso eziyinhloko
IHovawart inomzimba olinganiselayo novumelanayo. Ubude bomzimba busuka ku-110% kuya ku-115% wokuphakama lapho ubuna. - Ukuziphatha nomlingiswa
IHovawart ibonwa njengenja esebenza ngokusetshenziswa kwendawo yonke (ehlukahlukene). Ukubonakala kwenja kuyakhombisa
inhloso yokusebenza. Unesifiso sokuvikela esivikelekile, emsebenzini wakhe sikhombisa isibindi, ukuzethemba futhi uyakwazi ukubekezelela ukucindezelwa okuhlala isikhathi eside.
Le nja esebenzayo inikezwe iphunga elihle kakhulu.
Ukuzinikela okukhulu emndenini kumenza abe ngumlingani ovelele, umlindi, ukuqapha, ukulandela futhi asindise inja. - Ikhanda
Ngemuva kwakhala kuqondile futhi kuyafana emgqeni ophezulu wesigaxa. Izingxenye zekhanda nezinwele zekhanda ziyalingana. Isikhumba ekhanda ngaphandle kwamaqhubu.
- Igebhezi: Inhloko enamandla inebunzi eliyindilinga ebanzi.
- Yima uzwakalise.
- Umkhala: Amakhala awakhiwe kahle. Ezinyamelweni ezimnyama nezisanyama nezimnyama, ikhala limnyama. Ezinjeni ezifuywayo, ikhala lingase lisho ngombala oyinhloko.
- Ikhala lekhanda lincane lapho libukwa kusuka phezulu naphrofayilini.
- Umlomo uqinile.
- Izindebe: yomile, icindezelwe.
- Imihlathi namazinyo: IHovawart inemisipha eqinile enesikhuhlu esilukhuni namazinyo aphelele amazinyo angama-42 Amazinyo - unxantathu emihlathini. Ukulunywa uphawu kuyamukeleka.
- Amehlo: okusaqanda, noma okufakwayo noma isethi ejulile, yobukhulu obuphakathi. Umbala wamehlo usuka koku nsundu okhanyayo ube nsundu. Izinkophe zicindezelwe kakhulu.
- Izindlebe: zilenga ngokukhululekile kuma-cartilage omumo kanxantathu, ehla ezansi phansi ukuze kuthi uma ebukwa ngaphambili, anwebise ikhanda. Ubude bufika emakhoneni omlomo. Ukuphela kwezindlebe kuyindilinga.
Lapho isilwane sisesimweni esihlelekile - silenga ngokukhululeka, lapho inja isiqaphile - ingaqondiswa kancane phambili. Umphetho wabo oholayo ucishe ube phakathi nendawo yeso nengxenye ye-occipital. - Intamo: Inamandla, ubude obuphakathi, ngaphandle kokumiswa.
- Emuva: iqonde futhi iqinile.
- Isikhova: Linamandla, lide kune-croup.
- I-Croup: ubude obuphakathi, ukugoqa kancane.
- Isifuba: Ibanzi, ijulile futhi iqinile.
ngezinwele ezinde, ubude ngaphansi kwamahansi, kepha hhayi phansi.
Ngokuya kwemizwa yesilwane, iyaphakanyiswa noma yehliselwe phansi.
- Amadevu: izicubu zomzimba kakhulu.
- Ibhande ehlombe lide futhi libekwe kahle emuva.
- Izibambo: eduze kwesifuba.
- Izihlakala ziqinile. Metacarpus ngokulinganisela ukwehla.
Imilenze yezandla:
Unamandla, ubonwe ngemuva, uqondile. Ama-engeli achazwe kahle.
- Ama-hips kanye nomlenze ophansi: kuxubeke kahle.
- I-Hock: Inamandla, ine-angle ekhonjiwe.
- Izinyawo: Round, solid and compact. Iminwe ibanjwa, icindezelwe kakhulu. Ama-dewclaws angakhishwa. Izipikili zezinja ezimnyama nezimnyama nezimnyama zimnyama; izipikili zezinja ezihwayiza zingaba nombala omncane.
Uma kubukwa kusuka ohlangothini nangasemuva, ukunyakaza kwe-hovawart nanoma iyiphi i-gait kufanele kube kuqonde futhi kube yunifomu. I-lynx isakazekile, ngokucindezela okuhle kwemilenze yezandla ezingemva.
Tight, akukho okushubile.Ezinjeni ezimnyama nezisemnyama nezinsundu, ine-tint eblue, enombala okhanyayo ezimweni eziningi ezipinki.
Ijazi lide, li-wavy kancane, lisondelene nomzimba, ne-undercoat encane. Ihlala esifubeni, isisu, emuva kwezibuko zangaphambili, umsila, emuva kwamathanga (amathanga). Izinwele ekhanda, phambi kwangaphambili nemilenze engemuva imfishane. I-hairline iminyene.
IHovawart inezinketho ezintathu zemibala: emnyama nge-tan, emnyama, i-fawn.
- Mnyama no-tan (Schwarzmarken).
I-hairline imnyama futhi icwebezela, umbala we-tan uphakathi nendawo (mittelblond). Esifubeni, iphethini liqala ngezansi kwangemuva, lifaka amakhona ezindebe futhi liphele eduze komphimbo. Ngaphezulu kwamehlo, izinkomba zamaphoyinti zishiwo ngokucacile. Esifubeni, lo msele uqukethe izindawo ezimbili eziseduzane ezingahlangana. Embonisaneni ngaphambili, amamaki lapho ebukwa evela ohlangothini atholakala emilenzeni ecishe ifinyelele esiguqweni, kuthi lapho ebukwa ngaphambili, afinyelele ezingeni lomsuka. Ngasohlangothini olungaphambili lwezingalo zesinqe, lapho lubukwa kusukela ohlangothini, amamaki angaphansi kwewundla ayisiqaqa esibanzi, futhi ngaphezulu kwesibambo kuze kufike esiswini - umucu omncane. Futhi ngaphansi kwesisekelo somsila kufanele kube uphawu. Umdwebo uchazwa yonke indawo ngokucacile. Ukuhlukanisa amabala amancanyana amhlophe esifubeni, kanye nezinwele ezimhlophe ngazinye ezinzwaneni nasephupheni lomsila kuyamukeleka. Umbala wejwabu leso, izindebe namaphilisi we-paw kumnyama. - Mnyama (Schwarz).
Ijazi limnyama futhi licwebezela. Ukuhlukanisa amabala amancanyana amhlophe esifubeni, kanye nezinwele ezimhlophe ngazinye ezinzwaneni nasephupheni lomsila kuyamukeleka. Umbala wejwabu leso, izindebe namaphilisi we-paw kumnyama. - UFawn (Blond).
Izinwele zivuthwa ngombala, zicwebezela, esiswini nasemilenzeni zilula kunethoni eyinhloko. Ukuhlukanisa amabala amancane esifubeni, kanye nezinwele ezimhlophe ngazinye ezinzwaneni, emuva ekhaleni naseceleni komsila kuyamukeleka. Umbala wejwabu leso, izindebe namaphilisi we-paw kumnyama.
Noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kusuka kuleli zinga kufanele kubhekwe njengamaphutha, ukungathí sina kwalo okufanele kubhekwe ngokulingana nobukhulu bokuthi bukhulu.
- Ukubonakaliswa okuvamile:
- Izinja ezingahambelani nohlobo lokuzalela.
- Izinja zohlobo lwe-bitch.
- Amabhentshi ngesitayela sowesilisa.
- Iziphakamiso:
Umehluko ohlukile kusuka kwizilinganiso ezichazwe kundawo. - Ukuziphatha nezinhlamvu:
Sluggish, phlegmatic, nolaka, ubugwala, ukusaba inja isibhamu. - Ikhanda:
- Ukuma okumpofu
- amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ophuzi
- Izisethi eziqondile, izindlebe ezinde ezilengayo, izindlebe "zasukuma",
- Ukulunywa ngaphezulu, ukulunywa ngaphezulu,
- Ukungatholakali kwama-PM1 amabili noma amabili i-M3, noma elinye izinyo.
- Intambo:
Kumenyezelwe ukumiswa - Ikesi:
- Kumenyezelwe emuva emuva kakhulu noma okuphambili,
- Mncane, amabele angalungisiwe
- Umsila ongalungile, mfushane kakhulu noma umsila wendandatho.
- Izimbotshana:
Ubunzima obuphezulu. - Uboya:
I-hairline enama-curls (izindandatho). - Umbala:
- Zijwayelekile:
- Noma yimuphi umbala ongacaciswanga kusilinganiso, ngokwesibonelo, ngwevu-grey, inyamazane, nsundu.
- Ukumaka okumhlophe. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinwele ezimhlophe kusuka ngaphakathi kwamathanga akuyona into edonsa kanzima.
- Izinja ezimnyama nezishunayo:
- Amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ansundu ngaphandle kwezindawo zama-tan ezicaciswe kumaphakathi,
- Umbala oyinhloko wombala ngaphandle komnyama,
- Ukubekwa phambili kwama-grey noma aphuzi amamaki we-t.
- Izinja ezimnyama:
- Amabala aluhlaza noma ansundu
- Umbala oyinhloko ngumbala ngaphandle kokumnyama.
- Izinja eziphuzi:
- Izinja ezilula (eduze kwesibhakabhaka)
- Isikhumba esimhlophe esihlukile, uphawu olumhlophe ezindlebeni,
- Faka umbala ngaphandle kokwehlisa ubukhulu bethoni eyisisekelo emilenzeni nasiswini,
- Amabala amnyama noma imaskhi emnyama.
- N.B. Abesilisa kufanele babe nama-testes amabili avele athuthukiswe ehle ngokuphelele ku-scrotum.
Hovawarts umsoco
AmaHovawarts ayithandi ukuthambelana nomzimba, ungabi nazinkinga ngohlelo lokugaya ukudla, olunikeza umnikazi inkululeko ephelele ekukhetheni isidlo. Abafuyi batusa ukuncelisa izinja ukudla okuphezulu kwezimboni, kepha lokhu akusona isimo esiqinile, ukudla okungokwemvelo akukubi. Kuyiqiniso, ukondla kufanele kulinganiswe, kuqiniswe futhi kufake nezinto ezidingekayo zomkhondo.
Uma sithatha isilinganiso sevolumu yokondla isisindo se-puppy, khona-ke ingane enezinyanga ezimbili idla okuphakelayo kunokomuntu omdala. Kubalulekile ukuqapha izinga lokukhula kwesilwane sakho futhi ungasiniki ukudla okuningi ukuvikela izinkinga zamathambo (njengobuhlungu emuva) nokukhuluphala ngokuzayo. Kungcono ukuba umbungu wakho ube mncane kunokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Ukudla komdlwane wakho kufanele kube ngamaprotheni angama-30% adingekayo ekukhuleni, ukudla kwenja yabantu abadala kufanele kuqukethe amaprotheni amancane, inani lazo lincike ekutheni inja yakho isebenza kanjani. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka ukwakheka kokuphakelayo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi amaprotheni awadluli kuma-30% ngenganyana ekhulayo noma inja endala ekhuthele. Ukuze uthole inja yomndeni engenela, okuphakelayo okuqukethe ama-25% amaprotheni kufanelekile. Ukudla okomile okuseqophelweni eliphezulu kuqukethe zonke izinto ezidingwa yiHovawart.
Ngaphambi kokondla i-hovawart yakho akufanele ube nokuzivocavoca umzimba. Ngakho-ke, ukubuya ohambweni noma ekuqeqeshweni. Angiphuthumi ukondla isilwane sakho ngokushesha, mnikeze ithuba lokuphumula. Isikhathi sokuphumula ngemuva kokuzivocavoca nangaphambi kokudla kufanele kube yihora eli-1. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi inja yakho ayikaze ihambe ngenkuthalo ngemuva kokudla, ngaphandle kwalokho ingadala isisu esidabukisayo noma ukuqhuma. Inja kufanele ichithe izolile okungenani ihora ngemuva kokudla. Ungondli noma unisele inja kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhamba ukuze ugweme izinkinga zempilo.
Uma kushisa kakhulu futhi uhamba ngezinyawo noma uhambo ngemoto, ungakhohlwa ukuletha ibhodlela lamanzi nesitsha (isitsha) sokuphuza. Amanzi okuphuza akufanele abande kakhulu, odokotela bezilwane abaningi babiza izinga lokushisa lama-degree Celsius njengelincane lokuphuza. Izinga lokushisa lokudla (uma ungondli ngokudla okwomile, kepha ngemikhiqizo yemvelo) futhi akumele libe eliphansi kakhulu, izinja zikhetha ukudla okusondele ekushiseni kwegumbi, kunoma yikuphi, ungondli ukudla kwenja esiqandisini.
Ngaphezu kokudla, inja yakho idinga uketshezi ukuze ulondoloze amandla. Amanzi aphuzwa yinja agcina isilinganiso esifanele soketshezi emzimbeni futhi anikela ekusebenzeni okusobala kwazo zonke izinhlelo ezibalulekile. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, inja kufanele ibe nokufinyelela okuqhubekayo kumanzi ahlanzekile, amasha, okuphuza, ikakhulukazi uma uwondla kuphela ngokudla okwomile. Qiniseka ukuthi isitsha sokuphuza sihlanzekile futhi sikhululekile, shintsha amanzi njalo. Nciphisa uketshezi nokudla okudlayo ngenkathi uhamba noma uqeqesha inja yakho.
Kuzolunga ukunisela inja ngamanzi ngokushisa okungenani kwama-degree Celsius. Thatha isitsha esincanyana esinamanzi ukuze uhambe ngezinyawo lapho kushisa, inja izokubonga kakhulu ngalokhu.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Hovawarts nokunakekelwa kwenja
IHovawart ungancomi ukugcina efulethini, ngoba lo mhlobo unekhono lokukhula kahle lendlu lokujikeleza insimu. Ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo, ukunqunyelwa kwemvume ayemukeleki - ikheji elivulekile lomoya kanye nentambo yokuqukethwe. Lapho uthola inja enjalo efulethini, kufanele uqonde ukuthi kuze kube yilapho isilwane sebekhulile (iminyaka eyi-10-12), kuzodingeka ukuthi ungahambi nje kuphela nge-caudate, kodwa futhi futhi uzenzele umsebenzi, nsuku zonke, ngaphandle kokuhluka.
- Ukunakekelwa kwezinwele okujwayelekile - ukuhlanza kanye ngesonto, ukuhlanganisa nsuku zonke ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa, ukugeza njengoba kudingeka.
- Inja esebenzayo ayidingi ukusika izindlawu zayo, kepha ukuba khona kwemifantu nama-chips kufanele kulawulwe.
- Ukuhlanza izindlebe kanye njalo emavikini angama-1-2. Njengoba izindlebe zinamathiselwe ekhanda, ubungozi be-otitis media luyanda, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi esishisayo.
- Uma inja iluma ngqo, ukuxubha amazinyo kuyadingeka, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kususwe i-tartar.
Uhamba
Lapho uhamba eduze kwezinye izinja, i-hovawart izohlala ithatha isikhundla esiholayo. Le nja ingumholi ngokwemvelo, kulokhu kufana nokulwa nezinja. Futhi ekuvikeleni umnikazi, nakuma-pranks, iHovawart izohlala ingokuqala. Uma kukhona ichibi eduze - lokhu kuzoba yindawo oyithandayo isilwane ukuhamba kuyo. Ukubhukuda okuhle kakhulu kunzima ukuthola. Indlela yokudlala enhle kakhulu ukudlala, ukugibela, ukuhamba nokuzizwa ukhululekile. Akunandaba ukuthi isimo sezulu sinjani, iHovawart izohlala ikuthokozela ukuhamba. Ukhuni kakhulu: noma ukushisa noma ukubanda akuyona inkinga kuye.
Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, kunconywa ukuhlela imidlalo, amakilasi amancane. Uma uhlela ukugcina isilwane sakho ngezikhathi ezithile - kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-harness yezinja.
Ukugoma kweHovawart
Ukugoma kwenziwa kwezifo ezilandelayo:
- isishayo se-carnivores noma i-distemper,
- i-parvovirus Enteritis - i-ejenti ebangela i-parvovirus,
- i-hepatitis ethelelekayo - umenzeli obangela i-hepatadavirus,
- parainfluenza
- amarabi,
- i-leptospirosis,
- i-coronavirus
- trichophytosis.
- Ezinyangeni ezi-2, ukugoma kokuqala kwenziwa. Ngemuva komjovo, imveku akufanele igezwe, idlule futhi ikhishwe. Ukuvikelwa komzimba ngemuva kokugonywa kokuqala kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-12, le nkathi iba yingozi kakhulu enganeni. Umuntu kudingeka enze umzamo omkhulu wokunciphisa isimo se-puppy. Ngemuva kokugoma kokuqala, imidlwane inezinga lokushisa lomzimba, ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile kanye nohudo.
- Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3, ukugonywa kwesibili kunikezwa imidlwane, kodwa ngokugoma okufanayo. Njengomthetho, ngemuva kokugonywa kwesibili, inja izizwa ingcono kakhulu, kepha kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-12 kufanele ivikeleke kwezinye izilwane, kusuka ekubhalweni engavunyelwe futhi ukuhamba. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, ukuhamba kuvunyelwe.
- Esimweni sezinyanga eziyisithupha, umdlwane unikezwa umuthi wokugomela amarabi kanye nomuthi oyindida wokugomela izifo eziningana. Kwenqatshelwe ukugoma uma amazinyo enja eshintsha. Udinga ukulinda isikhathi kuze kufakwe wonke amazinyo, bese ugomela ingane.
- Esenonyaka owodwa ubudala, inja inikezwa umuthi wokugoma oyinkimbinkimbi.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, kanye ngonyaka, inja kufanele igonywe nomuthi ofanayo wokugoma.
Ngaphambi kokugoma, kufanele ahlole inja, alinganise izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakhe, futhi uma konke kuvamile, mnikeze umjovo. Umuthi wokugomela ubekwa emcwabeni wentamo noma ethangeni lenja. Konke ukwakhiwa kokugoma okunikezwe udokotela wezilwane kufanele kuqoshwe kwiphasiphothi yenja. Kubonisa futhi usuku lokugomela, ngemuva kwalokho umnikazi uqobo uzokwazi usuku olulindelekile lokugomela olulandelayo.
Isifo se-Hovawarts, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa
- I-dysplasia ye-Hip. Akuvamile.
- I-Hypothyroidism Lesi sifo asitholakali kumaHovawarts kuphela, kepha futhi nasezinjeni eziningi zezinja ezinkulu. Izimpawu zesifo kulahleka kakhulu kwejazi, ikakhulukazi endaweni yomsila, kanye nokwehla komsebenzi.
- Izifo ezihlangene. AmaHovawarts aneminyaka engu-4 kuya kwayi-8 ubudala atholakala kulokhu kugula: kulesisikhathi lapho abona ukukhula okusebenzayo. Ngokungezelela kusengaphambili lofuzo, ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kungathinteka ngokungondleki kanye nengcindezi eningi emthanjeni wezinyane.
- Isifo senhliziyo: i-pulmonary aortic stenosis kanye ne-cardiomyopathy ebilisiwe. Izinja ezinokugula okunjalo azikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa. Ngemuva kokuxilonga izifo ezinjalo, kwenziwa imiyalo ekhethekile yezinja.
AmaHovawarts
- iminyaka yokuqalwa kokukhula kokukhula kowesifazane ngowesifazane izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-14.,
- Isikhathi se-estrus - izinsuku ezingama-20-22, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube inyanga,
- imvamisa ye-estrus - izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngonyaka ngokuphumula kwezinyanga eziyi-6-9,
- izimpawu ze-estrus - ukuvuvukala kwesitho sangasese senja, ukubona,
- ukuchama njalo - kufanele uhambe kaningi kunokujwayelekile,
- izimpawu zengqondo - ushintsho ekuziphatheni kwenja - kusuka kulaka kuya ekuvilapha,
- mhlawumbe ukuguqulwa kokudla futhi inja iphuza amanzi amaningi,
- imvamisa ngaphambi kokuba i-estrus iqale ukuncibilika,
- ikhotha ngamandla.
Indlela ye-estrus ingabonakala ngenkathi uhamba nenja. Ukuziphatha kungashintsha, imvamisa inja iba ngumdlandla, idlalayo futhi inenkani, noma okuphambene nalokho ibukeka kabi futhi iyingozi. I-bitch imaka njalo - iphunga "lokudla" kwabesilisa, ukuchama kuvame. I-loop iya ngokuya ivuvukala, lapho icindezelwa, ungabona ukukhutshwa kwepinki ekhanyayo noma epinki. Uma ubona ushintsho ekuziphatheni kwenja, ungabi sevila futhi uhlole inja nsuku zonke ukuthi iyashisa yini, ulolonge loops wesikhwanyana ngephepha noma ngephepha lasendlini yangasese. Ukuphonsa umbala opinki kuzoba yisiqalo se-estrus - maka lolu suku kubhukwana lezinja.
I-estrus yokuqala inja.
- I-estrus yokuqala ezinjeni ayifani neyalandela.
- Kungaba mfushane noma okude kunegama elijwayelekile lokuvuza.
- I-bitch inokubonakaliswa okubuthakathaka kuphela kwe-estrus, noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhipha okukhulu kakhulu.
- I-estrus yokuqala ingahle ivele ivele, bese kuthi emva kwesikhathi iqale futhi.
- Kungahle kube nokuqunjelwa kwe-mucous kusuka ku-loop, iphunga eliheha abesilisa, futhi i-estrus uqobo luzoqala ngemuva kwesikhathi.
- Zama ukungaphuthelwa isikhathi sokuqala, futhi ngokulandelayo i-estrus yesibili, ukuze unqume kahle izikhala eziphakathi kwezikhathi, ukwazi isikhathi nesikhathi sazo.
Izindlela zokuvikela ukuqaphela ngesikhathi se-estrus.Uma ungenasifiso sokuthola imidlwane inja, ngesikhathi se-estrus, kufanele uqaphele lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- hamba inja KULEZWE KUPHELA: ngisho nomuntu olalela kakhulu kulezi zinsuku angavele abaleke, angawanaki amaqembu,
- ungavumeli izinja ukuthi zifakwe inja: uma ufuna ukuya ocansini, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzihudule,
- ekuhambeni ngomqondo ongokoqobo wegama elithi UNGAVULE I-EYE inja, noma uthenga isinkwa ethendeni, khipha noma unciphise ukuxhumana nabantu besilisa,
- kunengozi yokubamba inja ngenkathi ebandayo, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ukuthi ungahambi isikhathi eside kakhulu lapho kubanda futhi usebenzise izingubo zezinja,
- uma inja yakho ihlala kwimodi yamahhala endaweni yakho, khona-ke kusukela ngesikhathi sokushisa, vala inja kwi-aviary.
Knitting Hovawarts
Ukuthengisa imidlwane emazweni angeyona ingxenye ye-IHF (International Hovawarts Union) kuyenqatshiwe.
Kwamanye amazwe, ngokwesibonelo, ezweni laseHovawarts, ukuze uthole umdlwane, kufanele ugcwalise iphepha lemibuzo kwelinye lamakilabhu amaningi ezimpawu. Uma iklabhu ivuma ukweqiwa ngumnikazi, khona-ke ukugoba kuhleliwe. Ukuzalanisa okungenangqondo kudangele kakhulu. Futhi, ngenxa yalokhu, abakwaHovawarts banempilo enhle futhi banezimfanelo ezinhle zomsebenzi.
Hovawarts ukukhulelwa kanye nokuzalwa kwengane
Kusuka ngosuku lokuvuthwa kokuqala kokubeletha kudlula ngqo kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-56 kuye kwezingu-72. Kungcono ukuthi umaka usuku lokukhwelana ukuze wazi ukuthi izinja zikhulelwe isikhathi esingakanani. Ukuzalwa kusenesikhathi kakhulu futhi sekwephuze kakhulu kuholela ekufeni konodoti, ngakho-ke, kuwo womabili la macala angenhla, kufanele ufune usizo lodokotela wezilwane ofanelekayo. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa ezinjeni singancishiswa ngenxa yenani elincane lenzalo.
Isibalo sokungcola sikhuphuka lapho inja ifinyelela eminyakeni engu-3-4, bese yehla futhi. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa ezinjeni asiside kakhulu, ukuthola ukuthi inja ikhulelwe akuyona into elula kangako.
Izimpawu ezikhohlisayo zokukhulelwa ezinjeni zivela ezigabeni sekwephuzile. Ukuphenya, noma ukuvela kwesilwane ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kuzotshela umniniyo ukuthi insikazi ezelwe ilinde inzalo noma cha. Izimpawu zokuqala azihlobene kangako nokuvela kwesimo sengqondo, ngakho-ke, ukuziphatha kwe-bitch ekhulelwe. Inja, njengomthetho, iba nokuthula, imvamisa ikhombisa uthando futhi idinga uthando kwabanye. Kwesinye isikhathi isilwane singabonakala ngisho siphilile ngokuphelele.
Uma ukukhulelwa kuqhubeka ngokujwayelekile, khona-ke uchwepheshe angakwazi ukuthola ukukhulelwa ngesikhathi se-palpation ngeviki lesithathu.Ngemuva kwenyanga, isisu senja sanda ngokubonakalayo, futhi izidalwa ezincelisayo ziyavuvukala futhi ziyaqaqamba ngesonto lesihlanu. Ngaphambi nje kokuzalwa, isisu se-bitch siyehla. Isibonakaliso esibonakalayo sokuzalwa okusondelayo kukhulu okuvela ku-loop, i-tint ephuzi noma eluhlaza okotshani.
Lungiselela futhi “ikhithi”ukuze konke okudingayo kutholakale kalula, kufanele kufake:
- izembozo zakudala ze-duvet noma ama-diapure amakhulu alahlekayo (60 * 90), lapho ukulunywa kuzobhoboza khona (izingcekeza ezilahlayo kukhethwa - ukugeza okuncane nokuhlanzeka okuningi),
- izigaxa eziningi ezithambile eziningi eziboshwe ngensimbi eshisayo evela kumbhede wakudala (ukusula imidlwane),
- oyinyumba ongagcobhozi (ngokuvamile ngokungadingekile, umlomo wesinjana ukhishwa ngendwangu, okuthi, empeleni, imveku ithathwe),
- ipeni, incwadi yokubhalela, izikali nemicu eqinile yoboya noma ubambo (kungcono ukusebenzisa isicwebezeli, ngoba intambo yokuluka yoboya iyasusa futhi isuse),
- isitsha sokubeletha
- ibhokisi noma isitsha sezimvubu ezinepedi yokufudumeza (egoqwe nge-diaper) - lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi uma isilwane siziphatha kabi ngokuzalwa kwengane futhi kunengozi yokulahlekelwa imidlwane ... inketho enhle kakhulu ilunkulukazi lokuzala imidlwane ezinswini,
- isikhafu oyinyumba kanye ne-clamp yezokwelapha (akudingekile ukubilisa, ekuqaleni kokuzalwa kwengane fakwa embizeni enobunye utshwala),
- isigaxa sikashokholethi obisi,
- i-antiseptic agent, isifutho esingcono (i-Aluminium, i-Xidikol, ne-Seponex) yokwelapha kwentambo ye-umbilical.
Futhi ikiti yokuvuselela imidlwane:- i-cordiamine ukuvuselela umsebenzi wenhliziyo (ukwehla okusha olimini),
- isifutho se-oksijini (vumela i-puppy ebuthakathaka ukuba siphefumule), kubiza cishe ama-ruble angama-400 kumakhemisi,
- pad okushisa okuncane kwerabha
- i-enema encane yokuncela i-mucus ephuma emlonyeni we-puppy ebuthakathaka kakhulu.
Kuzophinda kuthathe amahora amaningi ukumaka isikhathi sokuzalwa kwemidlwane kanye nencwajana yokubhala imininingwane yemidlwane (izoba wusizo ngokuzayo), endaweni evelele kuyinombolo yocingo kadokotela wakho wezilwane. Kuhle futhi ukuba nezikali zokukala imidlwane esanda kuzalwa. Isisindo sokuzalwa kwengane, phakathi kweminye imininingwane yengane, kufanele futhi ibhalwe kubhukwana.
Ama-Bitches ngokuvamile a puppy phakathi kuka-58 no-63 ntambama. Amalitha amakhulu azalwa ngaphambi kwalokho, futhi amalitha amancane kamuva.
Ngaphambi kokungena endlini, kuhle ukunikeza i-bitch laxative engenamandla kangako ukuhlanza amathumbu akhe.
Imibuzo enhlobonhlobo ngohlobo lweHovawart
Uma umnikazi enolwazi ngokuqeqeshwa, khona-ke ukuqeqeshwa kulula kakhulu. Into esemqoka ukuxhumana okuhle phakathi komnikazi nenja. Uma ukuxhumana okunjalo kusunguliwe, khona-ke i-hovawart uqobo ifuna ukujabulisa umniniyo, ukwenza noma yikuphi ukuzivocavoca. Ngokwemvelo, njenganoma yikuphi ukuzalanisa, akufanele udinge ukusebenza okusobala kusukela kumdlwana. Konke ukuqeqeshwa kufanele kwenzeke ngokulandelana, ngokwanda okuthe xaxa kobunzima, ngenzalo. Nge-hovawart, ukwelashwa okunzima, ingcindezi, futhi ikakhulukazi umthelela womzimba, ayemukeleki. Ngokusho kwabafundi baseJalimane, i-hovawart ifinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo lapho ineminyaka emithathu, ngakho-ke lesi simo kufanele sibhekwe lapho sifundisa futhi siqeqesha.
Ekhaya, uziphatha ngokukhulu ukuzithoba, anganakwa. Amandla wonke asetshenziswa ekuhambeni.
Inja yaseNtabeni yaseBernese
I-Bernese Mountain Inja iyinja ephelele yomngane. Umhlambi unamagama amaningana - umelusi waseBernese, inja yomelusi waseBernese noma inja yaseSwitzerland. Le nja enkulu akuyona enhle kuphela - inomusa ngokwemvelo futhi inomuntu ozolile futhi olinganiselayo.
Bakhona impela uthembekile futhi uthembekile, mqonde kahle umnikazi futhi unamathele kuye. Banikazi bavuma ukuthi ubungani noBern yibo obuqine kakhulu uma buqhathaniswa nezinye izinja. Kunjalo eboshwe kumuntu oyedwakepha lezi akuzona izinja ezingakunaki ukuphumula, zona hlangana nabantu bonke. Bakholelwa ukuthi bazokwanela emadolweni abo, okuyinto engakhululeki lapho inja inesisindo esingaphezu kwama-50 kg.
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ezinamathiselwe emndenini, iBernese Mountain Inja ihlangana nabantu ongabazi. Njengenja ebunjiwe, isetshenziselwa ukubhekana nomsindo, ukudonsana kwezimakethe lapho izimpahla zazithwalwa. Bahlalisana kahle, unobungane futhi unenhlonipho nabantu ongabaziokungalungile - unamahloni futhi unovalo, kepha kuyaqabukela kukhombisa ulaka. Izinja ezinamahloni nezinamahloni azifanelekile kubafuyi abadinga ukulonda inja ezethembekile futhi ezolile kunoma yisiphi isimo.
Izingubo zeHovawarts
Ama-Hovawarts cishe awanayo i-undercoat, enomthelela ekunakekelweni izinwele kalula. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yalokhu, inja izokhululeka ebusika.
Ukuthenga izingubo zeHovawart manje sekulula. Izitolo eziningi ezithengisa izingubo zezilwane zinezinto zazo ezihle nezinhle zezinja zezinhlobo zohlobo oluthile.Amagama ezinja: amagama amaHovawarts
Abantu abaningi bathanda ukukhetha igama elifushane le-sonorous lenja yabo.
Kuzofanela uphakamise igama lesidlaliso senja kaningi ngosuku, futhi uma lide kakhulu, lizodinwa.
Lapho ukhetha ukuthi ubiza ini ngokuthi Hovawart, ungaqondiswa izindlela ezimbili.
- Okokuqala futhi kulula: vula uhlu lwamagama afanelekile alo mhlobo futhi khetha oyithandayo kakhulu.
- Okwesibili: khetha igama elingajwayelekile okuvela kweminye imithombo, ngokwesibonelo, kusuka kwiintsomi noma ezincwadini, ukuqamba inja ukuhlonipha umuntu othandekayo noma usungule igama lakho elikhethekile.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi ngeHovawart
Bengihlala noHovawart iminyaka eyishumi - manje akasekho. Futhi kokuhlangenwe nakho kwami uqobo ngangiyaqiniseka ukuthi cishe azikho izinhlobo ezihlobene kakhulu. Futhi lezo ezingavamile eMoscow, futhi, kunoma yikuphi, azibizi kakhulu.Ngokuqondene nezimpawu zokuzalela - zahlulele! Inja yeHovawart inkulu, kepha ayinkulu. Unejazi elithambile nelimfushane, okungalokothi kuwele emathangeni futhi kucishe kunganuki njengenja. Muhle kakhulu, kepha lokhu akuyona into esemqoka. UHovawart unomlingiswa omuhle. nguyena onobungane ngokuphelele kwezinye izinja, akakaze abonise ulaka kuqala, ngesizotha abhekise kubantu ongabazi. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye ungumlindi omkhulu futhi ungumqaphi. Uma umuntu - inja noma indoda - izama ukucaphukisa umniniyo, iHovawart ngaphandle kokungabaza ingena kule mpi kuze kube sekupheleni. Kaningi inja yami yangivikela kuma-Rottweilers anolaka ngokweqile nakubantu abadakwa ngokweqile. Kwakungethusanga naye ukuhlala yedwa kuleli, futhi ahambe ayohambahamba ebusuku eMoscow, uma kunesidingo esinjalo. Futhi akekho ongeke wesabe ukuthi uzokhubekisa ingane noma inja encane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthi bazomcasula. Futhi lokhu kwakungeyona into ethile eyinja yami - abanikazi babafowabo nodadewabo asebekhulile, abazali bakhe batshela okufanayo. Kepha lapho inja yami isencane, amanye amaHovawarts empeleni ayengalethwa kwimibukiso, wavele waba ngummeleli kuphela wohlobo lokuzalela endandeni, okwathi emva kwalokho ngayeka ukuvakasha kubo futhi ngaphelelwa ukuxhumana neqembu.
Futhi manje ngizama ukuxhumana nomuntu okungenani onokuthile okungenani akwenzayo ngamaHovawarts.
Izindleko zeHovawarts - intengo yemidlwane
Ukuzalela ukuthandwa ukuthandwa eRussia, kepha kuze kube manje inani elincane lemitholampilo lenzelwa ekuzaleni kwayo, ngakho-ke intengo yesibungu seHovawart ijwayelekile kuma-ruble ayi-30,000. Kepha, lapho esethathe isinqumo sokuthola umngane onemilenze emine, umuntu uzothola umngane othembekile nomsizi oqinile iminyaka eminingi.
Ukudla kweHovawart
Amaduna aseHovawarta angakhula afike kumasentimitha angama-30 ubude futhi athole amakhilogremu ayisishiyagalombili esisindo sezinyanga ezimbili ubudala. Kuze kufike unyaka owodwa inja ikhula ibe amakhilogremu angama-45, futhi ubude bawo budlula amasentimitha angama-70. Kepha, ngaphandle kokuthi inja ikhula ngokushesha, isadinga ukudla okuthile.
- Ama-Hovawarts awavamisile ukwaliwa yi-allergies, azinankinga nepheshana lesisu. Kepha udinga ukondla inja ukudla okuphambili kwezimboni.
- Ukondla kungalinganiswa, kuqiniswe futhi kufake nezinto ezidingekayo zomkhondo. Kuyadingeka ukufaka ukudla okomile.
- Imveku kufanele idle okuphindwe kabili kukhulu lapho umuntu emdala.
- Okuphakelayo kufanele kube namaphesenti ama-30% amaprotheni adingekayo ekukhuleni okujwayelekile.
- Ukudla kwenja yabantu abadala akufanele kube namaprotheni amancane.
- Kunconywa ukondla inja ngemikhiqizo yenyama. Ukudla kufanele kufake inyama yenkomo, inyama yenkomo nenkukhu. I-Turkey kanye nezigwaca nazo ziyavunyelwa.
- AmaHovawarts adinga ukondliwa kwasolwandle, kufaka nezinhlanzi ezinamafutha amancane.
- Kuyadingeka ukondla okusanhlamvu kwenja, kanye nemifino.
- Kunconywa ukuthi ungafaki i-legumes kanye ne-porridge yommbila ekudleni.
- Kufanele unake ukuthi ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokuyondla akunconywa ukuthi unikeze inja umzimba ngokomzimba. Isikhathi sokuphumula ngaphambi kokudla nangemva kokudla kufanele okungenani sibe ihora.
- Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, akunconywa ukuphuza nokunondla inja kakhulu, ukuze ugweme izinkinga zempilo ngokuzayo.
- IHovawart akufanele idakwe ngamanzi abandayo futhi ingafudumali kakhulu.
- Ukushisa kokudla akufanele kube phansi kakhulu. Izinja zithanda ukudla emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.
Ukufunda nokudla okufanele kwesilwane kuvumela inja ukuba ihlanganyele nabantu isencane. IHovawart Creek kudingeka unakekele mayelana nokuqeqeshwa uchwepheshe. Kumele afundise ukuhlonipha umniniyo futhi ambheke njengomholi kukho konke.
Sinikeze i-hovawart yethu lapho inezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala kunomphathi wezinja. Siyambonga kakhulu ngokusikhulisela inja enhle, elalelayo.
Inja idinga ukuqeqeshwa okungaguquki kanye nesineke. Ngesikhathi samakilasi, ungakhohlwa ukuzwela kwesilwane. Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokuphamba ngokweqile akwamukeleki ekusebenzeni neHovawart.
Ngezindlela eziningi, lesi silwane sizokhombisa ukubusa futhi sikhombise yonke intando yaso. Kepha kukho kungenzeka futhi kudingekile ukhule ungumngane onobungane. Ngenxa yokuthi uyephuza, kudingeka indlela ekhethekile kuye. Umqeqeshi uzodinga ukubekezela okuningi ukuqeqesha amaqembu ayisisekelo we-hovawart.
Esikhathini eside sokuqeqeshwa kwe-hovawart, angafunda ukuchaza uhlaka lokuziphatha. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi yena unemfanelo yomzingeli. Kubalulekile kumnikazi wesikhathi esizayo ukuthi afundise ukuhlukanisa lapho kungenzeka khona ukuphishekela inyamazane, nalapho kungadingekile ukwenza lokhu.
Intengo yeHovawart
IHovawart ijwayelekile eYurophu, ezweni lethu kubhekwa njenge-rarity. Kancane kutholakala izithombo zokuzala ezalanisa iHovawart. Ngakho-ke, ezweni lethu intengo yenganyana eyodwa ingafinyelela izinkulungwane zamaRandi. Kepha thenga imbuzane eMoscow usengakwazi. Uma ufuna izinkulisa yiya ezinhlanganweni. Ngenxa yezimpawu zayo ezinhle kakhulu, izici. Ukuzalela isilwane esihle kakhulu kuwo wonke umndeni. Uyakwazi ukuthanda futhi avikele umniniyo. Ukuze uthembeke kuye impilo yakhe yonke.
Ngonyaka odlule uthole umdlwane weHovawart ophikweni oluseMoscow kennel. Ngayithola esithangamini se-canine. Ngincoma ukuthi uqale uzijwayeze nokuzalela esithangamini, bese uyothenga imveku. Umlindi omkhulu.
Inkomba Yomlando
Ukukhulunywa okokuqala kwamaHovawarts kutholakala emibhalweni yaseJalimane yekhulu le-13. Kuchazwa icala lapho inja ivikela abanikazi bayo ngokungenabugovu ngesikhathi kuntshontshelwa imanor.
Igama elithi "hovawart" lihunyushwe ngokweqiniso kusuka eJalimane ngokuthi "umqaphi wegceke." Le yindlela engcono yokuthola uhlobo lwenja nendawo yalo esetshenziswa amakhulu eminyaka.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX, cishe kwakungekho maHovawarts. Lokhu kubangelwa ukwanda kwezimboni eJalimane, lapho izinhloso ezingezona imboni uqobo zingakhiswanga. Ekuvuselelweni kokuzalela, indima enkulu ingeyabezazi zezilwane nezazi zofuzo indodana nendodana uKeningam (uBertram noKurt). Basungula i-Hovawarts nursery, sebethole udoti wabo wokuqala ngo-1922.
Ekuzijabuliseni kohlobo, ngaphezu kweHovawarts, kwabamba iqhaza:
- Newfoundlands
- Leonberger
- I-Kuvashes
- Abelusi baseJalimane
- Izindondo zase-Afrika.
Banquma kakhulu ukubukeka kwanamuhla kwalesi simiso.
Ngaphambi nje kweMpi Yomhlaba Yesibili, ummeleli omuhle wamaHovawarts wazalelwa ekeneni - owesilisa uKastor, ohambisana ngokuphelele namazinga anamuhla. Ushiye amalitha angama-32 emidlwane efanayo ekahle.
Impi Yezwe Yesibili yehlisa umsebenzi wezizwe, owaqala emuva kweminyaka emi-5 kuphela ngemuva kokuphela kwawo. Lo mhlambi waqashelwa ngokusemthethweni yiFCI (International Film Festival, International Canine Federation) ngonyaka ka-1964. Ngo-1983, kwasungulwa i-International Hovawarts Federation (IHF).
IHovawart uhlobo oluyivelakancane esikhathini sethu, ukuzalaniswa kwalo kubhekwa yi-International Kennel Federation kanye ne-International Hovawart Federation
Ukwehluleka ukushiyeka
Isisekelo sokungafaneleki kungaba noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kusuka kumazinga wokuzalela. Izimpawu zifaka:
- uhlobo lwe-mismatch,
- umehluko kusuka kwesilinganiso esishiwo kweleveli,
- Amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ubukhona beva,
- izindlebe ezimile noma ezingamakhonkco,
- ukungabikho kwamazinyo
- ukubuyela emuva
- isifuba esincane
- umsila ogobile noma omfushane kakhulu,
- uvolo olugobile
- noma yimuphi umbala ngaphandle kwemithathu, evumela okujwayelekile,
- 3 cm ukuphakama noma okuphansi kunokucacisiwe kweleveli,
- ulaka, ubugwala noma i-phlegmatic behaviour.
Izici Zokuzala Nesimilo
Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule ukuzalanisa i-hovawart yayithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwababili abalimi nabamele izifunda eziphakeme kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile lo mzalo ungene ekubonakaleni, futhi kungenzeka ukuphinda uvuleke kuphela maphakathi nekhulu lamashumi amabili phakathi kwabathandi abakwaziyo ukuthola izinja ezihlanjululwe yodwa. Izihlobo eziseduze kakhulu zeHovawart yiKuvashes, izinja zikaMelusi, amaLeonberger kanye neNewfoundlands, futhi lezi zinja zaqala ukungena esifundeni saseRussia kuphela ngemuva kuka-1991.
Kuliqiniso, kuze kube manje, kunzima kakhulu ukuthola abamele izinhlobo zohlobo lwezinkukhu ezweni lethu, ngoba yidlanzana lamakhaya kuphela elizibandakanye ekuzaleni kwazo. Hovawart Métis, ngokusho kwabahwebi abaningi, ezinye zezinto ezinhle kakhulu ngokubukeka kanye nzalo enhle.
Kunconywa ukuthenga izinja ezinjalo kulabo abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho okuthile kulo mkhakha futhi baphile impilo esebenzayo kakhulu. Ukuba ngumngane ozinikele kakhulu, i-hovawart uzizwa enesidingo sokubusa futhi uvame ukunamathela kulelo lungu lomndeni eliphethe izikhundla zobuholi endlini.
Yize kunjalo, abamele lolu hlobo lokubeletha banesifiso esikhulu ebhekisele ezinganeni futhi cishe ngeke babanikeze inhlamba. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinja ziyasola futhi azethembi abantu ongabazi, zinamathele ngokuqinile kwindilinga yazo yangaphakathi futhi zikulungele ukumvikela ngokungenabugovu ngisho nangezindleko zempilo yazo.
Ngaphezu komvelo wabo othanda ukuthula nobungane, abamele lolu hlobo lokuzalwa bahlukaniswa ngokuthuthuka okuhle ngokomzimba, ukugijima nokubhukuda okuhle kakhulu. AmaHovawarts azivumelanisa nezimo zezulu ngendlela engcono kakhulu, ngakho-ke, amaqiniso amakhulu wesimo sezulu saseRussia abamele lolu hlobo lokuzalela awadideki.
Banomdlandla wokukhuthazela, bayakwazi ukunqoba amabanga amakhulu futhi babekezelele imithwalo engathi sína. Phakathi kokunye, amaHovawarts angaziqhayisa ngempilo enhle kanye nomuzwa omuhle wokuqhakaza.
AmaHovawarts anezinga eliphakeme lobuhlakani kanye nengqondo ethuthukile, ngakho-ke ukuxhumana nabo, njengomthetho, kuyintokozo. Futhi uma imidlwane ye-hovawart hhayi ukunqotshwa kahle ekuqeqeshweni nasekuqeqeshweni, khona-ke izinja ezindadlana zibambe konke ngokoqobo endiza.
Iphuzu kuphela okufanele unake ngalo iqiniso lokuthi izilwane zinomqondo ophakeme wokuzithemba, ngakho-ke kungumnikazi onolwazi kuphela ongazenza futhi aziphoqe ukuba zenze imiyalo.
Incazelo yohlobo (izidingo ezijwayelekile)
Ngokuvumelana ne isilinganiso se-hovawart zohlobo olujwayelekile, isisindo sabantu abadala siyahlukahluka kububanzi ukusuka kumakhilogremu angama-24 kuye kwangama-41, ukuphakama kusuka ku-55 kuye ku-69 amasentimitha, kanti umzimba wezinja umbozwe ngoboya ezingxenyeni ezimbili.Isikebhe esingaphansi sincane futhi simnandi kakhulu ekuthinteni, futhi ungqimba lwangaphandle luwukushiswa okuncane, lube mnene futhi lude, lusondelene nomzimba.
Ukuze ugweme ukuthinta ijazi kanye nokwakhiwa kwamathange, kufanelekile ukuhlanganisa nokuhlanza ijazi lenja njalo, ungakhohlwa ukuligeza ngezikhathi ezithile usebenzisa imikhiqizo ekhethekile yokuhlanzeka.
Use Isithombe se-Hovawart ungabona kalula ukuthi lezi zinja zinekhanda eliqinile elinebunzi lembotshana kugebhezi olubanzi. Izindlebe zicishe zibe noxantathu ngesimo futhi zingaphansi noma zigobekile (kuya ngesimo semizwa).
Izinwele zezilwane ziningi futhi zinde, zinombala omnyama, umbala omnyama, okuvame ukubonwa kuwo amamaki ansundu akhanyayo. Akunakudingeka ukuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo ezinzima futhi ezinzima kubamele balo mhlambi, ukwakha inqubo yokufunda ngesisekelo sokuvumelana, ukubekezela nobulungiswa ngenani elincane lobunzima.
Ukunakekelwa kweHovawart
Ngokuvamile, i-hovawart ilungele ukugcinwa eflethini, kepha idinga isikhala esiningi sokunyakaza. Lapha, okungenani, imvelo yokuqapha yenja iyafinyeleleka, ngoba kunensimu ethile yokubamba lapho ungenza umjikelezo khona. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kuzothatha amahora amaningi ukuhamba ngeHovawart nsuku zonke, ukuze ukuhamba kungamqeda amandla. Vele, kunzima kumnikazi ojwayelekile ukufeza le mfuneko.
Noma yisiphi isimo sezulu akusona isithiyo sokuhamba kukaHovawart. Kepha ngenxa yoboya obude ebusika, inamathela eqhweni phakathi kweminwe, ngakho-ke izinwele ezikule ngxenye yamawashi zigawulwa ubusika.
Izindiza kulokhu futhi azizanelisi izidingo zenja, noma ngabe uyihamba okungenani amahora ama-2 obala. IHovawart ngokwezigaba ayilungele ukugcina iketanga. Lapha hhayi kuphela ukusebenza ngokomzimba okuzohlupheka, kodwa futhi ne-psyche yesilwane.
Inja ilungele indawo yangasese, lapho izokhombisa ngokuphelele izimfanelo zayo zokuphepha, inendawo yokuhamba ngokukhululeka nokuhambahamba njalo endaweni ezabelwe yona. Kodwa umnikazi kufanele ahlinzeke uthango oluphezulu lwale nsimu: i-Hovawart igxuma kahle futhi ihlasele ngokushesha umuntu ongenile ngaphandle kokulinda umyalo womnikazi.
Igceke langasese elinocingo oluphakeme - indawo ekahle yokugcina iHovawarts
Wool
Uma uqala ukubuka izinwele ezinde ze-wavy ze-Hovawart, kubonakala sengathi yikho ngqo ukuthi ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kuyadingeka. Kepha lokhu akunjalo. Ijazi lezinja linezindawo ezibuyisa amanzi futhi empeleni alingcoli. Ngakho-ke, geza ama-Hovawarts izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngonyaka noma njengoba ziba zingcolile, uma kunephunga elingelona lihle livela kwibhantshi.
Kodwa ukuhlanganisa isilwane kuyadingeka izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto ukuvikela ukwakheka kwama-warlocks. Ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, le nqubo yenziwa nsuku zonke.
Ama-Hovawarts awachithi kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ahlala endlini, cishe awashiyi umkhondo woboya efenisha ebunjiwe nokhaphethi.
Amacala, izindlebe namazinyo
Ngokungafani noboya, izindlawu, izindlebe namazinyo kudinga ukunakwa okuningi okuvela kumnikazi weHovawart.
Amazinyo enja ayahlanzwa, njengakwezinye izinhlobo, kanye njalo ngezinsuku eziyi-7-10. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ibhulashi ekhethekile nokunamathisela.
Inja esebenzayo ayidingi ukunciphisa izipikili zayo; Ahlolwa kuphela ama-chips kanye nemifantu. Okwezasekhaya (futhi ikakhulukazi embukisweni), inqubo yenziwa isikhathi esingu-1 emavikini ama-2. Kungcono ukujwayela ukusika izikhwebu zekhawuni kusuka eminyakeni yobudala bezinambuzane, khona-ke inqubo izobonwa isilwane sizolile.
Kanye emva kwamasonto amabili, bahlanza izindlebe zesilwane. Ziyahlolwa nezindlala. Ngakho-ke, iphunga noma ukuchitheka okungathandeki kufanele kusebenza njengokubonisana nodokotela wezilwane.
IHovawart Health
Ngofuzo, uHovawart unempilo enhle. Ngokudla okunempilo kanye nokunakekelwa okufanele (kufaka phakathi ukusebenza ngokomzimba okuphoqelekile), le nja ingajabulisa umnikazi wayo kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-15-17.
Kepha kunezifo ezingazalwa ifa ngabamele lolu hlobo lokuzala:
- I-dysplasia ye-Hip - ukududulwa kwayo kusuka esikhwameni esihlanganyelwe. Kukhona amathuba okulungiswa kokudla okunempilo nokuhlinzwa. Ungase futhi uqaphele ezinjeni ezincane nemidlwane (kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-5):
- ukuhamba ngezinyathelo ezincane
- idonsa noma idonsa imilenze yangemuva,
- uvuka kanzima ngemuva kokuphumula,
- igwema ukugxuma kunoma iyiphi igquma.
Nge-dysplasia ye-hip, ikhanda layo alingeni ngokuphelele esikhwameni esihlanganayo
Kumele kushiwo ukuthi ngenxa yokukhethwa ngokucophelela kwalezi zifo ezenzelwa ifa, kungenzeka ukukugwema ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, udaba lokutholwa kwesilwane sakho sasekhaya nalo kudingeka ludingidwe.
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