Muskrat - semi-semanzini isilwane, izilwane ezincelisayo izinduku. Ngenxa yokufana kwayo negundane nokuba khona kwezindlala zemisipha, i-muskrat yaziwa nangokuthi Isilinganiso se-Musk. Usayizi we-muskrat mkhulu kakhulu kunegundane, kepha ungaphansi kwe-beaver, kuwo futhi ufana kakhulu.

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-muskrat

Usayizi we-muskrat omdala ungaphakathi ubude kusuka 40 kuya ku-70 cm, okungaba yingxenye kuphela yazo ngqo emzimbeni, kanti okuseleyo kusisila. Isisindo se-muskrat singasukela ku-0,6 siye ku-2 kg, ngokwesilinganiso, sisuka 1 kuya ku-1.5 kg. Umzimba we-muskrat unene, uyindilinga, umbozwe izinwele ezinoxhaxekile. Intamo imfushane, ikhanda limfushane lakhiwe ngamehlo amancane amade, izindlebe zincanyana, akukho okuvela ngaphansi kwengubo. Imilenze mincane, inezikhafu ezibukhali, imilenze yangemuva inkudlwana kunangaphambili futhi ifakelwe izingqimba zokubhukuda ezingaphelele.

Uboya beMuskrat buqukethe izingqimba ezimbili - undercoat emfushane ethambile nezinwele ezinde nezinwele ezimfishane. Umbala woboya ungahluka ngemithunzi kusuka onsundu kuya komnyama, yize ubomvu kakhulu bumnyama. Esiswini, uboya bukhulu, bube mpunga.

Umsila we-muskrat mude, ungqimba ngezinwele ezikhexekile futhi umphetho wezinwele eziqhekekile, uyisicaba ngesimo, uthambile kamuva. Lapho ubhukuda, umsila usebenza njengerudder. Emhlabeni, uyisekela elihle kakhulu lapho i-muskrat ihlala. Lapho uhamba, umsila ushiya uphawu lwesimo ebusweni bomhlaba okulula ukuluqaphela. Emadodeni, eduze komsila, kukhona izindlala ezimbili ze-inguinal ezikhulula imfihlo yama-musky, isetshenziswa yi-muskrat ukumaka indawo yayo.

Okudingwa ngumuskrat

Ama-Muskrats adla kakhulu emhlangeni nakwezinye izimila zasemanzini; inqubo yawo yokugaya yenzelwe uhlaza oluhlaza. Ehlobo, zidla ezimpandeni zezitshalo zasemanzini. Ebusika, zibhukuda ngaphansi kweqhwa ukuze ziye ezitshalweni. Abakugcini ukudla ebusika, kepha kwesinye isikhathi badla okuphakathi kwamagumbi abo okulala noma bantshontshe ukudla ko-beaver. Ngokuvamile, izinto zokwakha zezitshalo zibiza cishe ama-95% wokudla kwazo. Kepha futhi zidla ngezilwane ezincane, njengama-mollusk angenamanzi amhlophe, amasele, amakhrayoni, izinambuzane zasemanzini kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane.

Uhlala kuphi umuskrat

I-muskrat inomsuka waseNyakatho Melika, eRussia lesi silo saphakanyiswa ngonyaka we-1928. Njengamanje, indawo yokuhlala kwe-muskrat ibanzi kakhulu - cishe yonke iNyakatho Melika kanye nengxenye ebalulekile ye-Eurasia - kusuka eYurophu kuye eChina naseKorea. E-Russia - ukusuka emngceleni osentshonalanga kulo lonke leli hlathi, ihlathi-isisekelo kanye ne-taiga zone kuze kufike ePrimorye naseKamchatka.

Indlela yokuphila yasemanzini esezingeni eliphansi ye-muskrat inquma ukwakhiwa kabusha kwayo osebeni lomfula, imifudlana, amachibi, amachibi nezixhaphozi. I-Muskrat ithanda i-marshland enamanzi amnandi, kepha itholakala yonke indawo emanzini acwebile kanye nezidumbu zamanzi asesimweni esinezihlahla ezinothile. Le nduku ayihlali ezindaweni lapho izidumbu zamanzi zibanda khona phansi noma lapho izimila zasogwini zingekho.

Okwezindlu, umuskrat wemba imisele engashoni eduze kwamabhange aphezulu ezinto zamanzi ezinomnyango ongaphansi kwamanzi, noma wakhe izindlu zokugcoba emhlangeni womhlanga, wedge, nakuma-cattery. Igumbi lezidleke kulezi zimbobo ezinjalo litholakala ngaphezu kwezinga lamanzi. Imvamisa lapho kwenzeka ukuguquguquka kwezinga lamanzi echibini, ikhamera itholakala ezitezi ezimbili. Ngaphakathi, indlu ifakwe umiyane notshani obuthambile, lapho wonke umndeni wakwa-muskrat ulindele ukubanda kakhulu ebusika. Izinga lokushisa emgodini alikaze lihle ngaphansi kuka-0 ° C.

Incazelo nezici ze-muskrat

Muskrat - Lokhu kuhlukahluka kwamagundane, ubukhulu bawo bufinyelela amasentimitha angama-40-60. Ngokumangazayo, umsila ucishe ube yingxenye yobude bomzimba. Isisindo sabo sisukela ku-700 kuya ku-1800 amagremu. Abamele izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zoboya obukhulu, kwenzeka ngamathunzi ambalwa:

• UBrown
• Nsundu
• Mnyama (akuvamile)

Kusukela esiswini, uboya buluhlaza grey. Umsila woboya awunayo, kuphela amapuleti wesikali. Umsila unesimo esithe xaxa. Muskrat fur kubaluleke kakhulu. Intengo yesikhumba ye-Muskrat kubiza kakhulu.

I-muskrat ingukubhukuda okuhle kakhulu, ukwakheka komsila kanye nokuba khona kolwelwesi lokubhukuda emilenzeni yangasemuva phakathi kwezinzwane kuyasiza kulokhu. Imilenze yangaphambili ayinalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, amagundane achitha ingxenye enkulu yezimpilo zawo endaweni yasemanzini. Bangaba ngaphansi kwamanzi cishe imizuzu eyi-17.

Isici esithandekayo ukwakheka kwezindebe - izisusa zidlula kubo. Lokhu kuvumela isilwane muskrat sebenzisa imifino ngaphansi kwamanzi ngaphandle kokuvula umlomo. I-muskrat inendlebe ethuthukiswe ngokumangazayo, ngokungafani nama-receptors anjengokubuka nokuhogela. Lapho kuvela ingozi, iqala ngokulalela imisindo.

Lesi silwane sinesibindi esikhulu, umuntu angahle athi okubi. Uma umuskrat ebona isitha endodeni, angamphuthuma kalula. Bahlukaniswe ekudingisweni banokuthula futhi abanolaka oluncane.

Inhloso yokuzalanisa umuskrat ukuthola uboya. Inyama yabo ayibalulekile, yize kwamanye amazwe ibhekwa njengethandwa kakhulu. Ngendlela, amafutha e-muskrat anezinto zokwelapha eziningi.

Indlela yokuphila

I-muskrat ihola indlela efanayo yokuphila ne-beaver. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, owesilisa ukhetha insikazi, futhi baqala ukwakha ikhaya labo ndawonye. AmaMuskrats ahlala ngokuxutshana, emaqenjini emindeni, iqembu ngalinye linendawo ethile, ebhalwe ngabesilisa. Ubungako bendawo yomndeni owodwa wama-muskrats yindawo engaba ngaphakathi kwamamitha angamashumi amahlanu ukusuka ekhaya. Entwasahlobo, isizukulwane esidala siyaxoshwa kude nendawo futhi siqale impilo yokuzimela. Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo, abesilisa abadala bavame ukulwa bodwa phakathi kwezindawo nabesifazane. Abaningi bayalimala noma babulawe kulezi zingxabano. Kukhona futhi i-cannibalism ekwandiseni kwabantu endaweni efanayo yokudla.

I-muskrat iyakwazi ukwenza imisindo yokuncibilikisa nokukwehla. Akakhule kahle izitho zomzimba (ukubona, ukuzwa nokuhogela).

Muskrat Habitat

Kwimiskrat, ichibi lisebenza njengendawo yokuhlala yemvelo engaphezulu. Uchitha kuye ingxenye enkulu yempilo yakhe. Uma i-reservoir inesibalo esikhulu se-silt kanye nezinsalela eziningi zezimila, izilwane zakha umgodi nezindawo zokuhlala lapho, lapho zihlala futhi zizalela khona isikhathi eside. Isikhombisi esibalulekile ukuthi indawo yokuhlala ayigodoli.

Imisele yemigqa itholakala cishe ku-40-50 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Izilwane zixazululwa yimindeni, isibalo sabahlali sincike endaweni yokugcina amanzi. Emahekteni ayikhulu, ngokwesilinganiso, kusuka emindenini eyi-1 kuye kwayi-6 kuphila.

Ama-Muskrats angazakhela izinhlobo eziningana zezindlu, ngokuphila unomphela ayiziindawo zokuhlala kanye nezidleke. Ngenkathi ebandayo, izindawo zokukhosela ezakhiwe eqandeni nasezimvini zingatholakala. Ububanzi bomgodi bufika kumasentimitha angama-20, emva kwalokho isidleke uqobo silandela (kufika ku-40 amasentimitha).

Ngaphakathi ihlala yomile, imbozwe ngotshani. Imisele ivame ukuba nezindlela eziningana zokuphuma futhi zitholakala ohlelweni lwezimpande lwesihlahla sasogwini. Ukungena komgodi kutholakala ngaphezulu kwamanzi, lokhu kuvikela izisulu eziyingozi.

Ama-huts akhiwe ezindaweni lapho kunamathafa aminyene kanye nezimila zasemanzini. Zicishe zifane ngesimo nangobukhulu bazo, ziqonde phezulu kakhulu ngaphezu kwezinga lamanzi (afinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5).

Ukwakhiwa kwamahabhu kuqala ekwindla, futhi kumi ubusika bonke. Zomile futhi zifudumele, futhi umnyango wokungena endlini usemanzini. Uma kungekho ndlela yokubona konke ngamehlo akho, isithombe se-muskrat futhi amakhaya abo angatholakala emithonjeni ehlukahlukene.

Impilo ye-muskrat esekhulile ekhaya kufanele ihambisane nendlela yayo yokuphila yamahhala. Okusho ukuthi, kumachibi evulekile anomoya onamanzi kudingeka. Ngaphandle kwaso, lesi silwane ngeke sikwazi ukuba khona, sidinga ukugeza ulwelwesi lwe-mucous lwamehlo, silondoloze inhlanzeko ngisho nomlingani.

Ukuntuleka kwamanzi kungaholela ekufeni kwesilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele iguqulwe okungenani kanye ezinsukwini ezi-3, mhlawumbe kaningi. Ama-Muskrats ayizilwane ezisebenzayo futhi ezisebenzayo, ngakho-ke ukufakwa kwawo akufanele kube kuncane kakhulu. Ama-Muskrats akha imisele yawo avikelwe kakhulu, ngoba lolu hlobo lwama-rodent lunezitha eziningi. Cishe wonke umuntu mkhulu kunaye ngosayizi.

Ukuzala

Ama-Muskrats avuthwa ngokocansi ezinyangeni ezi-7 kuya kwezi-12. Njengamagundane amaningi, ama-muskrats athola kakhulu. Phakathi nonyaka, insikazi iyakwazi ukuzala kusuka kwilitha ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngokuya ngesifunda, futhi ngakunye udoti isilinganiso 6-8 amawundlu. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa cishe izinsuku ezingama-30. Amakhebuli azalwa eyimpumputhe futhi enqunu; aqala ukubona emasontweni amabili kuphela. Isisindo samawundlu kuphela 22 amagremu. Kodwa-ke, zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi kungakapheli inyanga zizimele, kepha zihlale nabazali bazo ebusika. Entwasahlobo, ngemuva kobusika, isizukulwane esidala siyahlala.

Ubukhulu isikhathi sokuphila muskrat ku-vivo Iminyaka emithathu, ekudingisweni, bangaphila iminyaka eyi-10. Naphezu kwezinga eliphakeme lokuzala, inani lama-muskrats lihlala licishe lifane. Lokhu kuchazwa ubukhona bezitha eziningi zemvelo. Ama-Muskrats angumthombo obalulekile wokudla wezinye izilwane eziningi, ezinjenge-mink, impungushe, inja ye-raccoon, impisi, i-lynx, ibhere, izinkozi, izinyoka, i-jackal, i-ermine, izikhova ezinkulu kanye namasela. Izinhlanzi ezinkulu ze-musk, ezifana, ngokwesibonelo, i-pike, nazo ziyisitha se-muskrat.

Umsoco

Ama-Muskrats adla kakhulu izitshalo, kepha futhi ungakunaki ukudla kwemvelaphi yezilwane. Isisekelo sokudla yilezi zinto ezilandelayo:

Ekuthunjweni, bazama ukunika ama-muskrats ukudla okufanayo, engeza ukudla okuncane kwemvelaphi yezilwane (inhlanzi nenkunkuma yenyama). Kunemikhiqizo eminingi esidliwayo yisilwane, singanikezwa okusanhlamvu, okusanhlamvu okukhwezwe ngaphambilini, ifolishi elihlanganisiwe, amakhambi amasha, zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo ezimpande.

Nasekhaya, amagundane anikezwa imvubelo yophisi kanye namaqanda amaqanda aqhekekile. Ama-Muskrats ngaphandle angadla amaxoxo, ama-mollusks, nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene. Ukudla okunjalo kubo ikakhulu kusuka ekuntuleni kokubukeka kwemifino. Abadli inhlanzi.

Ukucutshungulwa kwesikhumba se-muskrat nokubaluleka kwako

Ngesikhathi kuvulwa ukuzingela kuqala ukusebenza ukudoba ama-muskrat. Isikhumba sakhe saziswa kakhulu futhi sinendleko eziphakeme. Izikhumba zeMuskrat ngokuyinhloko kuncike ekusebenzeni ngokucophelela. Ekuqaleni zoma kahle. Ngemuva kokuthi isikhumba some ngokuphelele, siyasuswa. Ngemuva kwalokho bayabuswa, bomiswe futhi benziwe.

Izingxenye ezinkulu ziya emikhiqizweni emikhulu yoboya, ezincane zivame ukusetshenziselwa izigqoko. I-cap evela ku-muskrat imnandi kakhulu ukugqoka. Futhi, wonke ama-fashionista ngeke anqabe ukuthenga ijazi loboya kusuka muskrat, afudumele kakhulu, athambile futhi muhle. Konke ukucubungula kwenziwa ngokucophelela, kusetshenziswa imishini yobungcweti.

Thenga muskrat ingaba sezitolo ezikhethekile. Imikhiqizo evela kuboya bayo iyadingeka kakhulu. Inyama kaMuskrat cishe ayisetshenziswa, ibhekwa njengekhalori ephezulu kakhulu, yize abantu abaningi beyisebenzisa. Intengo Muskrat, futhi ikakhulukazi, esikhunjeni sakhe, kuya ngekhwalithi nosayizi woboya. Ngokwemvelo, leso sikimu sombala, esivame kakhulu, sizobiza ngaphezulu.

Incazelo yeMuskrat

I-musk rat iyimeleli eyodwa yezinhlobo zayo nohlobo lwe-muskrat. Ama-Muskrats amelelwa yizinto eziphilayo zasemanzini ezingaphansi kwemvelo yama-voles e-oda lamagundwane futhi abhekwa njengelinye lamalungu amakhulu omndeni wakwaMuridae enyakatho Melika. Babuye bazivumelanisa nokuthi babe khona eRussia, eYurophu naseNyakatho ye-Asia, lapho balethwa khona ngobuciko.

Ukuhamba kwabo kwangaphandle okuphoqelekile ukujwayela indawo yokuhlala yasemanzini. Le yinduku enamanzi amancane elimaza izindawo zokunisela zezolimo futhi ingumhlengikazi weziteshi zomfula ngasikhathi sinye. I-muskrat ihlala emvelweni yasendulo yemifula namachibi, nasezindongeni zokufakelwa, ezimweni zamapulazi ngamanye.

Ukubukeka

Amagundane ama-Musk anoboya obungenamanzi, ikakhulukazi abuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Siqukethe izingqimba eziningana zejazi langaphandle nangaphansi. Lawa awugqinsi, acwebile kuya kumicu yokuthinta yekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu. Umzimba umbozwe ngoboya obukhulu, obuthambile obufakayo, kanye nezinwele ezivikelayo ezinde, ezihlanganayo futhi ezinokubukeka okucwebezelayo. Isakhiwo esinjalo sakha umthelela we-hydrophobic, ngenxa yokuthi amanzi awakwazi ukungena esikhunjeni soboya. Ama-Muskrats anakekela ngokucophelela "ijazi lawo loboya", alihlanze njalo futhi aligcobise ngamafutha akhethekile.

Kuyathakazelisa! Umbala ungahluka. Imuva nemilenze enomsila imvama ukuba mnyama. Isisu nentamo kulula, kuvame ukuba mpunga ngombala. Ebusika, ijazi libonakala limnyama kakhulu, ehlobo liyashiswa yimisebe yelanga bese licwebezela ngumthunzi noma emibili.

Imisila yawo efana nomsila icindezelwa kamuva futhi ayinawo umugqa wezinwele. Esikhundleni salokho, zimbozwe ngesikhumba esinamafutha, kufane nokuthi kufakwe emaceleni, futhi phansi kukhona ikamu elinenwele, kushiya umgwaqo osemgwaqweni lapho uhamba. Esisekelweni sayo kukhona izindlala ze-inguinal ezikhipha iphunga elidumile le-musky, lapho isilwane siphawula khona imingcele yezindawo zalo. Umsila walesi siga ubandakanyeka ekunyakazeni, usebenza njengokusekelwa komhlaba kanye nesihibe sokubhukuda emanzini.

I-muskrat inekhanda elincane elinesihlakala esinsundu. Ukubona nomqondo wokuhogela akuthuthukanga kahle, ikakhulukazi isilwane sithembele ekuzweni. Umzimba uyindilinga ngokuzungeza. Izindlebe zerayisi emisipha mincane kakhulu kangangokuba azinakubonwa kangako emuva koboya obuzungezile. Amehlo mancane, avele ngaphandle kwesakhiwo sekhanda, akhiwe phezulu. Ngokuqondene namazinyo, njengawo wonke amagundane, ama-muskrats anezinto ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo kakhulu. Zivele ziqhume ngomlomo, zitholakala ngemuva kwezindebe. Lesi sakhiwo sivumela isilwane ukuba sibambe izinto ngokujula ukuze amanzi angangeni emgodini womlomo.

Imilenze yangaphambili ye-muskrat ineminwe emine eshisiwe kanye neyodwa encane. Izibalo ezincane ezinjalo zikulungele kahle ukusebenzisa ngamatshe izitshalo nezinto zokumba. Emilenzeni wasemuva we-musk muskrat kuneminwe emihlanu ebunjiwe enesakhiwo esisetshenziswene ngokwaso. Kuyinto evumela ukuthi isilwane sihambe kahle entweni yamanzi. Izici zedatha ebonakalayo yesilwane esidala: ubude bomzimba - amamitha angama-470-630, ubude bomsila - amamitha angama-200-270, isisindo esilinganisiwe - amakhilogremu angu-0,8-1,5. Ngosayizi, umuskrat ophakathi kwabantu abadala ufana nokuthile phakathi kwe-beaver nerget ejwayelekile.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

I-Muskrat yisilwane esinyamazane, okuyi-rodent, esisebenzisa isikhathi esiningi sokuphila kwayo okufushane emanzini. Usebenza njengommeleli wezinhlobo zakhe nohlobo lwama-muskrat rodents. Isibalo sawo sivela eNyakatho Melika, lapho izilwane zihlala khona ezweni lonke, futhi umuskrat walethwa eRussia, eNyakatho ye-Asia nase-Europe yenziwa indoda, lapho yahlala khona ngokumangazayo.

Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi amadlozi kamuskrat ayengama-voles. Zazincane kakhulu, futhi amazinyo azo ayengaqinile futhi enamandla njengamagundane ama-musk. Lapho-ke izilwane zathuthela eduze kwensimu yaseNyakatho Melika, izinhlobo zaqala ukuthuthela emanzini aseduze, kwase kuba yindlela yasemanzini esezingeni eliphansi. Kukholakala ukuthi lapho-ke zonke izinto ezithokozisayo zenziwa ezilwaneni, zabavumela ukuba bahlale emanzini isikhathi eside, okungukuthi:

• umsila omkhulu oyicaba, lapho cishe kungekho boya,
• ulwelwesi emilenzeni ingemuva,
• uvolo ongavikeleki ngamanzi
• Isakhiwo esithandekayo sesindebe esingaphezulu, sivumela izimbangi zangaphambili ukuba zikhahle izikhala ngaphansi kwamanzi ngaphandle kokuvula imilomo yazo.

Kucatshangwa ukuthi izilwane zande kakhulu ngosayizi ngenxa yokufaneleka ngokwengeziwe ekwakhiweni kwezindlu zazo: iminki, indawo yokuhlala. Amasayizi amakhulu avumela ama-muskrats ukuthi onge amandla awo futhi abe namandla ngokwengeziwe.

Njengayo noma cha, wonke ama-metamorphoses awenzeka ngesikhathi sokuvela kokuvela kwezinhlobo zezilwane ezinikezwe ahlotshaniswa nokuvuselelwa kabusha kwayo kwindlela yokuphila yasemanzini.

Incazelo yeRentent

Ngokusho kwedatha yangaphandle, i-muskrat ifana ne-rat, yingakho yabizwa nangokuthi "musk rat". Kepha lolu hlobo lukhulu kunegrey grey ejwayelekile.

• Igama lesiLatin: Ondatralehathicus
• UMbuso: Izilwane
• Iklasi: Izilwane ezincelisayo
• I-oda: Izinduku
• Umndeni: Hamster

Torso

Umzimba uqweqwe, intamo imfushane, ikhanda lincane, isizalo sithambile. Isilwane sivumelaniswa ngokuphelele nendlela yokuphila yasemanzini. Izindlebe ziveza okuncane kusuka ku-fur, amehlo mancane, abekwe phezulu.

Amazinyo agqunywe yizinsimbi futhi azihlukanise nomgogodla womlomo, ngenxa yalokhu, lesi silwane sigaya izitshalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi futhi zingavuthi.

Umsila

Umsila uyisicaba emaceleni, ingaphezulu lawo ligcwele izikali nezinwele ezincane, ohlangothini olungaphansi kunenhlanganisela yezinwele ezinde ezinde. Ezinyaweni ezingemuva kukhona ulwelwesi lokubhukuda, izinwele ezimfushane zikhula ngasemaphethelweni eminwe.

Fur nombala

Uboya be-muskrat bunezinwele zangaphandle ezihlanganayo ne-undercoat ethambile. Ngemuva nangemilenze kupende kusuka kumdaka omnyama kuya komnyama. I-tummy ilula, kwesinye isikhathi ibe nsundu. Ehlobo, uboya buba lula. Ngokuvamile, lumanzi, alugqinsi, alunamandla futhi alunamanzi. I-muskrat iyigcoba ngokucophelela ngama-secretion wamafutha bese uyihlanganisa.

Okuqukethwe kwe-hemoglobin kukhuphuka egazini le-rodent, kune-myoglobin eningi emisipha, lokhu kunikezwa okwengeziwe kwe-oksijini yokucwiliswa ngaphansi kwamanzi. I-muskrat ibuye ibonwe yinto ye-heterothermia, okungukuthi, amandla okuqondisa ukugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni nasemsileni. Amawashi avame ukubanda kakhulu kunomzimba wonke.

Lapho kuhlala khona

UMuskrat ekuqaleni wayetholakala eNyakatho Melika ukusuka e-Alaska naseLabrador kuya eTexas nasenyakatho neMexico. Yangeniswa kaningana eYurophu, ngenxa yalokho izinhlobo zayo zasakazekela kabanzi e-Eurasia zaya eMongolia, China naseKorea.

E-Russia, indawo yokuhlala yama-muskrat iqala kusuka eFinland futhi ihlala endaweni eyihlathi engxenyeni yaseYurophu iye eSiberia, e-Far East naseKamchatka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-muskrat ihlala kwa-Israyeli, osebeni lomfula olusha.

Ukuziphatha

AmaMuskrats ahola indlela yokuphila yasemanzini, ehlala ngasogwini lwemifula, amachibi, imisele, ukubhukuda kwamanzi amasha. Kuthandwa kuqala imijondolo engashoni, eyi-1-2 m, engagcini iqhwa ngamabhange ambozwe ngotshani obuluhlaza obumanzi.

Izikhathi zomsebenzi ophakeme kakhulu wesilwane zibonwa ngemuva kokushona kwelanga nangovivi ekuseni, kepha ngokujwayelekile ama-muskrats asebenza usuku lonke.

Ama-Muskrats ahlala emiseleni nasezindlini, azakhela zona. Bemba imisele emabhange aphezulu. Ubude bokuhamba ezindaweni eziwugwadule busuka kumamitha ayi-2 kuye kwayi-3, emithambekeni emnene bufika kumamitha ayi-10. Umgodi womgodi utholakala ngaphansi kwamanzi, awubonakali ngaphandle, igumbi lesidleke lingaphezulu kwezinga lamanzi. Amakamelo we-Nesting angakhiwa ezitezi ezimbili futhi axhumeke ngamaphaseji, okudingeka lapho izinga lamanzi endaweni yokugcina amanzi lishintsha. Kumakhaza amakhulu kakhulu, amazinga okushisa ngaphakathi awawehle ngaphansi kuka-0 ° C. Ogwini olunamakhaza aphansi, umuskrat wakhela imihlanga, imisele kanye namakati, afakwe ngesigaqa, ngaphezulu kwamanzi avela ezigxotsheni zomhlanga. Ekuphakameni asuka ku-1 kuye ku-1.5 m. Ukungena kutholakala ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-muskrat yakha izidleke ezivulekile ezintantayo ezisebenza njengezindawo zokuzondla, kanye namaphakethi okudla ebusika.

Ama-Muskrats ahlala ngamaqembu ezindaweni ezihlukile zokudla. Abesilisa bavikela imfihlo yama-musky ephawula indawo. Abafokazi bahlala bexoshwa. Entwasahlobo, izinsikazi zixosha ngisho inzalo yazo endala.

Entwasahlobo nasekwindla, ama-muskrats angawodwa enza ukufuduka kwebanga elide eyofuna izindawo zokugcina zamahhala nezindawo zokudla.

Ama-Muskrats avumelaniswa ngokuphelele nokubhukuda nokuntywila. Ngaphansi kwe-linger yamanzi kusuka kumizuzu eyi-12 kuye kweyi-17. Umbono nephunga alithuthukiswanga kahle, ukuzwa kungcono.

Izitha zemvelo

Njengoba ama-muskrats ezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane, afakiwe ekudleni kwezilwane eziningi ezidliwayo, isibonelo, i-raccoon, i-otter, inja ye-raccoon, isikhova sasemanzini, inyanga, i-alligator, i-pike. Umonakalo omkhulu ubangelwa ngamagundane ngama-minks, ahlala endaweni efanayo nama-muskrats, futhi angangena ekumbizeni kwawo ngokudlula ngaphansi kwamanzi. Emhlabathini, ama-muskrats ahlaselwa izimpungushe, izingwe, izinja ezidukelayo. Amagwababa nezimilingo zidla izingane. Izimbiza nezimbaza zibhidlizwa izimpisi, amabhere, izingulube zasendle.

I-muskrat ifihla izitha zayo zemvelo ngaphansi kwamanzi noma i-mink; ngesikhathi sokuhlasela iyakwazi ukuzivikela isebenzisa amazinyo ayo nezihlakala.

Ngokuvamile, i-muskrat yizinhlobo eziningi futhi zibanzi, ngoba ibonakala ngokuqina okuphezulu nokuzivumelanisa nezimo kalula ngezinguquko kwendawo yokuhlala. Inani labantu abanama-rodent lingaphansi kokuguquguquka kwemvelo kwe-cyclic; ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa, lehla kakhulu njalo eminyakeni eyi-6 kuya kwengu-10.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngegundane:

• I-Muskrat iyinhlobo ebaluleke yokuhweba yoboya, ingumthombo wesikhumba oqinile. Inyama kaMuskrat iyadliwa; eNyakatho Melika ibizwa ngokuthi "unogwaja wamanzi." I-muskrat yaqala ukulethwa eYurophu ngo-1905. Kwadedelwa ama-pair ambalwa eduze nasePrague, lapho ahlala khona futhi aqala ukuzala ngenkuthalo futhi ahlala khona, njengoba abahlaseli bengazange babaphazamise. Ngemuva kwamashumi ambalwa eminyaka, i-muskrat yaba yinto ejwayelekile kakhulu eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Yalethwa eRussia (USSR) ngo-1928, kwathi lapho kuphela iminyaka engama-40 yathathwa njengesilwane esibalulekile somdlalo, kanye nama-squirrels. Ukusuka eRussia, i-muskrat yasakazekela eChina, Korea naseMongolia.
• I-Muskrat ingalimaza izinhlelo zokunisela, amadamu namadamu, kanye nezolimo, ikakhulukazi ukulinywa kwelayisi. Ngokuzalela okungalawulwa, lesi silwane sibhubhisa izimila zasemanzini nezasogwini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-muskrat inezifo ezingaba yishumi, phakathi kwazo kukhona i-tularemia ne-paratyphoid. Ngalezi zizathu, emazweni amaningi ase-Europe ama-muskrats abhekwa njengezinambuzane zezilwane futhi abhujiswa ngentshiseko. Isibonelo, eNetherlands naseBelgium, imisele yemisky esusa amabhange emisele namachibi, amadamu namadamu, izilwane zonakalisa amanetha abadobi.

Ukubhebhetheka

Ekuqaleni, i-muskrat yasatshalaliswa kuma-biotopes aseduze namanzi aseNyakatho Melika, cishe yonke indawo - ukusuka e-Alaska naseLabrador kuya eTexas nasenyakatho neMexico. Yangeniswa kaningi eYurophu futhi ngenxa yalokho yasakazeka kabanzi kulo lonke i-Eurasia, yaya eMongolia, China naseKorea.

E-Russia, i-muskrat isukela emngceleni weFinland idabula indawo yonke ehlathini yaseYurophu yaseRussia futhi iyingxenye ebalulekile yezindawo ezisemahlathini naseSyiga eSiberia ukuya eMpumalanga Ekude naseKamchatka.

Isimilo nendlela yokuphila

Amagundane we-Musk ayizilwane ezingenakuqhathaniswa ezingasebenza ngewashi.. Bangabakhi abakha kahle kombhede kanye nabavubukuli abamba imigodi beqonde emaphethelweni emifula yemifula noma bakhe izidleke zodaka nezitshalo eziwela engalweni. Imisele yabo ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ubukhulu ngokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-1,2. Izindonga zendawo yokuhlala zifinyelela ngamasentimitha angama-30 ububanzi. Ngaphakathi endlini kunokungena okuningana nemhubhe engena emanzini.

Izindawo zokuhlala zihlukaniswe komunye nomunye. Bangakwazi ukufinyelela ekushiseni kwangaphakathi kwama-degrees angama-20 ukufudumala kunokushisa okukhona ngaphandle. Amagundane Musk futhi adala okuthiwa "umkhombe wokudla." Lesi ngesinye isakhiwo esisebangeni lamamitha angama-2-8 ukusuka embhedeni futhi esisetshenziselwa ukugcina ukudla phakathi nezinyanga zobusika. Ama-Muskrats abhidliza imigudu odakeni olusuka ezindlini zawo aye “ezinqabeni” zawo ukuze lula ukufinyelela kwezinto.

Amagundane ama-Musk nawo angahlala eziteshini zemisele yomhlaba wokulima, lapho kunokudla khona namanzi amaningi. Ubunzulu obulungele amanzi bendawo ye-muskrat isukela kumamitha ayi-1.5 kuye kwayi-2.0. Azihluphi ngezikhala ezincikene futhi azidingi ukubonwa kwamanzi amakhulu. Izindlela zabo eziphambili zokuxazulula ingcebo yokudla ekutholakaleni okubanzi okunikezwe ngohlobo lwezitshalo ezisebenza ogwini nezasemanzini. Isikhathi semigudu sifinyelela kumamitha ayi-8-10. Ukungena ezindlini akubonakali kusuka ngaphandle, ngoba kufihlwe ngokuphepha ngaphansi kwekholomu lamanzi. Ama-Muskrats anendlela ekhethekile yokwakhiwa kwezindlu, ayivikela ezikhukhula. Bayakha ngezigaba ezimbili.

Kuyathakazelisa! Lezi zilwane zokubhukuda ezesabekayo. Futhi banenye ithuluzi elikhethekile - ukunikezwa kwezakhi egazini kanye nemisipha yempilo ephumelelayo ngaphansi kwamanzi. Lokhu kunikeza ama-musky rodices amandla okubekezelela isikhathi eside ngaphandle komoya.

Ngakho-ke, bayakwazi ukudonsa isikhathi eside. Amacala wesilwane okuba ngaphansi kwamanzi imizuzu eyi-12 ngaphandle komoya endaweni yokucwaninga kanye nemizuzu engu-17 endle sekubhaliwe. Ukudonsa kuyindlela yokuziphatha ebaluleke kakhulu yama-muskrats, ekuvumela ukuthi uphunyuke ngokushesha kumphangi. Ngoba kuvumela ukuthi baqaphele ngempumelelo abangahambisani kahle nokubhukuda ngokuphepha. Ebusweni, ama-muskrats abhukuda ngejubane elingamakhilomitha ayi-1.5-5 ngehora. Futhi lokhu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-accelerator eyimfihlo - umsila.

Basebenzisa imilenze yabo yangemuva ukuze bathuthele endizeni yomhlaba. Ngenxa yokwakheka komzimba nobuningi bawo obujwayelekile, nokuhamba kancane - ukunyakaza akubukeki kuhlekisa kakhulu. Ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane bemilenze yangaphambili, asekelwa eduze kwe-chin futhi awasetshenziselwa i-locomotion. Ngaphansi kwamanzi ukubhukuda, ama-muskrats azosebenzisa imisila yawo, eguqukela endaweni enezingqimba. Ukwakheka komzimba wabo ngesikhathi sokubhukuda kukuvumela ukuba ushukumise amanzi ngokushesha ukuze axoshe umuntu okonile noma axwaye izilwane ezidla ezinye. Futhi, esimweni sokuphunyuka, imigodi efana nomhubhe ingaba wusizo, odakeni lapho bacasha ngempumelelo. Amagundane ama-Musk angawemba aze abheke ngasosebeni lomfula alinde isilwanyana esidla izindwani ngaphansi kongqimba lwezimila, olubekwe ngaphezu komugqa wamanzi.

Isakhiwo sendlu sikuvumela ukuthi ugcine i-thermoregulation edingekayo kuyo. Isibonelo, kumakhaza ebusika obandayo, izinga lokushisa lomoya emgodini aliweli ngaphansi kuka-zero degrees Celsius. Abantu abafinyelela kwabayisithupha bangangena endlini eyodwa ebusika ngasikhathi. Inani elikhulu ebusika livumela ukonga umzimba. Izilwane eziningi, zifudumala zihlangana.

Ngakho-ke, ezilwaneni ezihlala eqenjini, kunamathuba amaningi okusinda eqandeni kunakwodwa. Ama-Muskrats atholakala kalula kumakhaza uma eyedwa. Okubhekisisa kakhulu kumakhaza umsila onqunu ngokuphelele wesilwane, ovame ukubanda kakhulu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ama-muskrats angahlafuna umsila wawo ovulekile ngokuphelele ukubangela ukuphulukiswa kwawo ngokushesha. Amacala we-cannibalism wangaphakathi nawo ayaqoshwa. Le nto ingenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kweqembu lezindlu ezimweni zokushoda kokudla. Kaningi abesilisa balwela abesifazane nezindawo ezikuyo.

Mangaki ama-muskrats ahlala

Isilinganiso sobude besikhathi se-muskrat singaphansi kweminyaka engama-2-3. Into yokufa okuphezulu kwezilwane endle, okuyi-87% yabantu ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ama-11% kwesibili, ama-2% asele awaphili iminyaka emi-4. Ezimweni zokugcinwa kwasekhaya, ama-muskrats aphila iminyaka eyi-9 ukuya ku-10, uma nje agcinwa ngokunethezeka. By indlela, ukubenza bathunjwe kulula kakhulu. Ama-Muskrats adla konke akunikezwa, futhi ngentokozo. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okuthuthukisiwe, imikhiqizo equkethe i-calcium ingafakwa kwimenyu. Okufana noshizi we-cottage shizi, ubisi, inhlanzi enamafutha aphansi nenyama. Ama-musk amagundane asheshe ajwayele ubukhona bomuntu, kepha ungalahli amehlo. Lezi zilwane zingaba abathwali bezifo eziningi.

Ukubaluleka komuntu nesimo senani labantu

I-Muskrat - enye yezinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezithwele uboya, ihlinzeka ngesikhumba esiqinile esibalulekile. Inyama iyadliwa, eNyakatho Melika lesi silwane sibizwa nangokuthi "unogwaja wamanzi."

Ezindaweni eziningi ngokumba umsebenzi, ama-muskrat alimaza uhlelo lokunisela, amadamu namadamu. Kulimaza ezolimo, ikakhulukazi ukukhula kwerayisi, ukuba nezithombo ezingalawuleki futhi kubhubhise izimila zasemanzini nezasogwini. Kuthwala okwemvelo izifo okungenani eziyishumi zemvelo, kufaka phakathi i-tularemia neparatyphoid.

I-muskrat yizinhlobo eziningi futhi ezibanzi, ngoba inokwanda futhi ivumelanisa kalula nezinguquko endaweni yokuhlala - ukwakhiwa kwemiselenisela yokunisela, njll. Nokho, ubuningi bayo bungaphansi kokushintshashintsha kwemvelo kwe-cyclic - njalo ngeminyaka eyi-6 ukuya kwezi-10, ngezizathu ezingaziwa, kwehla kakhulu.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Ama-Muskrats anamandla futhi asebenzayo cishe ubusuku nemini. Kepha nokho, inani eliphakeme lomsebenzi livela kusihlwa nasekuseni kakhulu. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, owesilisa uthola insikazi, basebenza kanzima ndawonye, ​​bakhe indlu yabo.

Ama-Muskrats ayindlela eyodwa; ahlala kwizivumelwano zomndeni wonke. Iqembu ngalinye elinjalo linensimu yalo, eyadalwa owesilisa ngosizo lwe-inguinal musk gland yakhe. Usayizi wezindawo ezinjengama-muskrat womndeni owodwa wezilwane cishe amamitha ayi-150. Entwasahlobo, izingane ezivuthiwe ziyaxoshwa ensimini ukuze ziqale impilo yazo yobudala yabantu abadala.

Futhi, entwasahlobo, abesilisa abavuthiwe bahlala bangena emisebenzini, benqoba izindawo ezintsha kanye nabesifazane. Lezi zimpi zinodlame olukhulu kakhulu, zivame ukuholela emanxebeni abulalayo. Labo bantu ababesele bodwa bengatholanga muntu wokushada, kufanele babhukude kude ukuthola indawo entsha yokuhlala, baze bathuthele kwezinye izidalwa zamanzi.

Emanzini kanye ne-muskrat izwakala njengenhlanzi. Ubhukuda ngokushesha okukhulu, ungaba ekujuleni isikhathi eside, ufuna ukudla. Emhlabeni, lesi silwane sibukeka singenangqondo futhi singaba isisulu sabahlakani abangafanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagundane emisipha ahlala ehluleka ukubona futhi ukuhogela, okungenakushiwo ngehemuhemu elibucayi kakhulu.

Amacala we-cannibalism endaweni ye-muskrat ayaziwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokugcwala kakhulu kwanoma iyiphi insimu nokuntuleka kokudla kwabo bonke abantu. Ama-Muskrats aqine futhi anolaka. Uma bezithola besesimweni esingenathemba lapho bengakwazi ukucasha ngaphansi kwamanzi, khona-ke bangena emafutheni, besebenzisa yonke intshiseko yabo, izindlawu ezinkulu namazinyo amakhulu.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Isikhathi sokuphila se-muskrat ezimweni zemvelo sincane futhi sineminyaka emithathu kuphela, kepha endaweni yokufakelwa bangaphila iminyaka eyishumi. Izilwane zihlala ngamaqembu abazali abadala kanye nezinsana ezikhulayo. Ngaphakathi kwensimu efanayo yamanzi, ama-beavers angaba omakhelwane bawo. Lezi zinhlobo ezahlukene zinokufana okuningi, kokubukeka nangokuziphatha.

Phakathi kwabameleli bezinhlobo zama-muskrat zokuxabana kwegazi kaningi, ngoba abesilisa bavame ukwehlukanisa insimu nabesifazane. Isizukulwane esisha, esidedelwe ukubhukuda mahhala, sinzima ukuthola indawo yaso, siqala umndeni futhi sihlala phansi. Kepha umndeni kanye nenzalo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-muskrat yande kakhulu. Ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esibandayo, insikazi ithola inzalo kabili ngonyaka. Lapho kufudumele khona, lokhu kungenzeka kathathu ngonyaka. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sithatha cishe inyanga.

Kwilitha elilodwa kungaba nama-6 - 7 cubs. Ekuzalweni, azinazinwele nhlobo futhi aziboni lutho, zibukeka zincanyana futhi zingenasisindo esingama-25 amagremu. Owesifazane uncelisa izingane zakhe cishe izinsuku ezingama-35. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, sebevele bezimele, kepha bahlala ubusika ekhaya labazali babo.

Ubaba ubamba iqhaza ekukhuliseni izingane, enethonya elikhulu kuzo. Entwasahlobo, abantu abasha kuyodingeka bashiye isidleke sabo sendabuko ukuze bahlele izimpilo zabo. Ama-Muskrats avuthwa ngokugcwele ngonyaka wezinyanga ezingama-7 kuya kwezi-12, ngoba impilo yawo mfushane.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Isibalo sama-muskrat siningi kakhulu. Kusabalele ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba. Ukusuka ezweni lakubo eNyakatho Melika, lesi silwane sivela ngokwenziwe kwamanye amazwe, lapho sizizwa sikhulu futhi siqinile. Ama-Muskrats angahlala kokubili emazweni ashisayo nasemazweni anesimo sezulu esibi.

Ngenxa yokungathobeki kwabo, bavumelana nezimo kalula futhi banda ngokushesha okukhulu. Into enjalo iyaziwa, imvelaphi ososayensi abangakwazi ukuyichaza: ngokuvama kwayo yonke iminyaka emi-6 kuya kweli-10, inani labantu abangama-muskrat lehliswa kakhulu futhi manjalo. Imbangela yalesi sivumelwano sokuzungeza kwe-cyclical ayikaqinisekiswa. Kuhle ukuthi amagundane amanzi athela kakhulu, ngakho-ke abuyisa ngokushesha izinombolo zawo zangaphambili ngemuva kokwehla okunamandla kangaka.

Ama-Muskrats azivumelanisa kahle nokushintsha kwezimo zokuphila futhi avumelanise kahle yonke indawo eduze kwemizimba eminingi yamanzi ahlanzekile, okuwumthombo ophambili wokuphila kwalezi zilwane ezithakazelisayo. Enye yezimo ezibalulekile zokuthi kungenzeka ukuba khona kwamagundane angama-musky emzimbeni othile wamanzi ukungabandi kwawo kuze kube phansi impela phakathi nobusika obubanda kanye nenani elanele lezitshalo zasemanzini nezasogwini ezidingekayo ekondleni izilwane.

Ekuphetheni, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isilwane esingajwayelekile njenge-muskrat sinomthelela omkhulu esimweni sedamu elihlala kuso. Isebenza njengesixhumanisi esibalulekile ku-eco-chain. Uma umuskrat ubanjiwe, khona-ke indawo yokugcina izothuthukiswa kakhulu bese ikhuliswa, okuyothinta kabi indawo yokuhlala kwezinhlanzi, omiyane abaningi bangabiwa. Ukuze, muskrat Isebenza njengohlobo lomhlengikazi endaweni yokugcina amanzi, okuthi, ngomsebenzi wayo obalulekile, ithinte isimo semvelo esizungeze isilwane.

Habitat, indawo yokuhlala

Imibiko yakuqala yamarekhodi omlando abahlali baseMelika akhombisa ukuthi ekuqaleni inani elikhulu kakhulu lalezi zilwane laliseWisconsin. Izindawo zaseWetland bezingakahlolisiswa ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokuhlaliswa kwabantu abaningi endaweni ebonisiwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, abantu be-muskrat bashintshe kakhulu ngenxa yesomiso esishintshana nobusika obukhulu. Ukuchithwa kwendawo kulethe ukulimala okukhulu kubantu. Kuze kube manje, inani le-muskrat libhalwe ngamanani omlando, kepha ligcina inani eliphakeme lokuphila kwabantu.

Kuyathakazelisa! Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo itholakala eNyakatho Melika. I-Acclimatization yalezi zilwane yenziwa eRussia nase-Eurasia. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuze kwandiswe amanani abo, baphinde benziwa kabusha emasimini akwamanye amazwe. Intshiseko enjalo ihlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwezikhumba ze-muskrat ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni.

Ama-Muskrats avela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamachibi we-peat, imisele, kanye nemifudlana. Abazideleli, zombili izinto zokugcina imvelo, futhi zidalwe ngokwenziwe. Bangatholakala nasezindaweni eziseduzane nedolobha, ngoba ukuba khona komuntu oseduze akubesabisi nganoma iyiphi indlela. Akukho magundane angama-musky ezindaweni zokuqanda okujulile kwamanzi ebusika nasezindaweni ezincishwe izimila zemvelo.

Isabelo seMuskrat

Ama-Muskrats angabathengi be-trophic abasezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, ikakhulukazi abadla izinto zezitshalo, njengeklabishi, umhlanga, ukhula nezinye izitshalo ezikhula emanzini nangaphesheya kwezilwandle. Abantu abambalwa abangatheni bangadla ngempumelelo ama-mollusks, crayfish, amasele, inhlanzi kanye ne-carrion, uma noma yikuphi kwalokhu kugcwele. Kulinganiselwa ku-5-7% wemenyu ye-muskrat enemikhiqizo yezilwane.

Ebusika, bakhetha isilondolozi sokudla kanye nezimpande ezingaphansi kwamanzi nezilimo eziyizigaxa zomthombo wazo oyinhloko wokudla.. Lezi zilwane zithanda ukondla ngaphakathi kwamamitha ayi-15 ukusuka endlini yazo futhi, njengomthetho, ngeke zihambe ngisho nangamamitha ayi-150 ngesidingo esiphuthumayo.

Imisele nemisele

Ama-Muskrats akha izinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlala. Ngaphansi kogu lwamachibi nemifula, ama-muskrats abhula imigodi emide; emndenini omkhulu wama-muskrats, imisele ibandakanya amakamelo ayishumi. Umnyango wokuqunjelwa kwe-muskrat uhlala uphansi kwamanzi.

Kulezo zindawo lapho kungenzeki khona ukuthi kwakhiwe imbobo nge-muskrat, bakha olunye uhlobo lwendawo yokuhlala olubizwa nge-hut. Indlu yakhiwe maphakathi nedamu, inesimo sephiramidi, imvamisa ifinyelela kumitha ukuphakama nobubanzi obufanayo. Kwesinye isikhathi amahabhu afinyelela osayizi abakhulu impela: afinyelela kumamitha amabili ukuphakama aze afike kumamitha amane ububanzi.

I-muskrat hut yakhiwe kusuka ngeziqu zezitshalo, iziqu zodaka ne-peat, namagatsha ezihlahla. Umndeni wonke wama-muskrats ubamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwendlwana, ngakho-ke ukwakhiwa kushesha kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwezindawo zemaskkrat, ama-fodder huts, amatafula endle kanye namathenwa akhiwe.

Isidleke se-muskrat sinika amandla enkabeni yalesi sakhiwo esinzima. Ngaphezu kwekamelo lokudlela, kukhona amakhamera amaningana. Indlu ye-muskrat isomile futhi ifudumele, futhi umnyango uvalwe ngokuphephile ngaphansi kwamanzi.

Muskrat fur

I-Muskrat yizinhlobo ezibalulekile ezithwele uboya ezinikeza isikhumba esibalulekile isikhathi eside. I-muskrat fur enhle futhi efudumele evusa isasasa ekuzingeleni kwe-muskrat nabazingeli. Uboya be-muskrat bukhulu futhi bunobhazabhaza obukhulu, ngenxa yalokhu imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngeziqeshana ze-muskrat ilula futhi ifudumele kakhulu.

Ngemuva kokukhishwa kwesikhumba se-muskrat, kufanele kucutshungulwe kahle, kuqala komiswe kahle, bese bayaphakanyiswa, baqonde, ekugcineni bomiswe futhi benziwe.

Izikhumba ezinkulu ze-muskrat zisetshenziselwa ukuvumelanisa amajazi amahle oboya. Ijazi le-muskrat fur lifudumele kakhulu, lithambile, likhanya futhi lihle. Izikhumba ezincane zisetshenziselwa ukuthunga izigqoko nezinye izigqoko. I-cap evela ku-muskrat imnandi kakhulu ukugqoka.

Imikhiqizo yoboya boMuskrat yayithandwa kakhulu ngezikhathi zaseSoviet, ikakhulukazi izigqoko ze-muskrat. Namuhla, imikhiqizo eyenziwe nge-muskrat fur ayithandwa kakhulu.

Muskrat inyama

Inyama kaMuskrat ilungele ukusetshenziswa ngabantu. ENyakatho Melika, umuskrat ubizwa nangokuthi "unogwaja wamanzi." Abantu abaningi baseNyakatho Melika bayakujabulela ukusebenzisa inyama yama-muskrat ukupheka izitsha zabo eziningi.

Ukunambitha, inyama ye-muskrat ifana nenyama yomvundla, kepha ekwakhekeni kwayo kunamafutha amaningi. Lapho udla inyama ye-muskrat, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi i-muskrat iyiphathi yezifo ezingaphezu kwe-10, ezinye zazo eziyingozi kubantu.

Ukuzingela kukaMuskrat

I-muskrat ithungathwa esikhathini ekwindla-ebusika. Ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka, amathuba aphansi kakhulu okuhlangana nowesifazane okhulelwe ngakho-ke ukuzingela ngalesi sikhathi kubangela ukulimala okuningana kwesibalo sama-muskrat. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sekwindla-ebusika, isikhumba se-muskrat sisezingeni eliphezulu.

I-muskrat ithungathwa ngezindlela ezintathu eziphambili:

• Ukuzingela i-muskrat ngesibhamu
• Ukuzingela kukaMuskrat ngesicupho
• Ukuzingela i-muskrat ngesicupho

Trap on muskrat

Ukuzingela i-muskrat ngesicupho kuyindlela esemqoka yokuzingela lesi silwane. Ngokukhishwa kwe-muskrat, kusetshenziswa izicupho uNo. 0 no-1. Isikhathi esihle sokuzingela okunjalo kusukela ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba.

Kufakwa isicupho noma emnyango we-mink, noma endaweni lapho kudliwa khona i-muskrat. Ungahlela indawo yokudla ngokwakho ngokufafaza imifino nezithelo. Isicupho asikwazi ukufihlwa, isilwane asesabi izinto ezingaziwa.

Ebusika, kunengqondo ukufaka isicupho ku-muskrat ngaphakathi kwendlu. Okubi ngalolu hlobo lokuzingela ukuthi abantu abancane abanesikhumba esingabalulekile kakhulu bavame ukubanjwa ogibeni.

Isicupho se-Muskrat

Ngaphezu kwezicupho, i-muskrat ifakwa emgodini ngezicupho. Isicupho se-muskrat ukwakhiwa kwama-hoops kanye nensimbi yensimbi, ngokufakwa okukodwa noma okubili okuhlanganayo.

Njengoba ungene ogibeni, i-muskrat ayikwazi ukuphuma. Esakhiweni saso, isicupho ku-muskrat sifana nesikebhe sokudoba esibizwa ngokuthi ubuso, i-vent noma i-dive.

Kubekwa isicupho eceleni komnyango wokuya emgodini. Ukubanjwa kwama-muskrats ngosizo lwesicupho esinjalo kungenzeka unyaka wonke.

Yiziphi izinzuzo ze-muskrat

I-Muskrat ayizuzisi umuntu hhayi ngoba nje noboya bayo benyama nenyama, kodwa futhi ngoba izitshalo ezidla izitshalo ezikhula ogwini lwezidumbu zamanzi nasemanzini zivimbela ukwanda nokubekelwa amanzi kwezindikimba zamanzi. Ebusika, iqhwa lokugedla lisiza ukwanelisa amanzi nge-oxygen, okudingeka kakhulu kubo bonke abahlala emanzini.

I-muskrat iyisilwane esimnandi esifanelwe ukuhlonishwa sisuka kumuntu, njengenhlobo ebalulekile futhi ewusizo.