Green mamba | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi | |||||||||
Umbuso: | Eumetazoi |
I-infraclass: | Lepidosauromorphs |
Ingqalasizinda: | I-Caenophidia |
I-Superfamily: | Elapoidea |
Buka: | Green mamba |
I-Dendroaspis viridis IHallowell, ngo-1844
Green mamba , noma entshonalanga mamba (lat. Dendroaspis viridis) - inyoka enobuthi. Itholakala emahlathini anomswakama omanzi aseNtshonalanga Afrika. Isebenza ikakhulu ngesikhathi sasemini, kepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle ingahamba iye ukuzingela ebusuku. Izinyamazane ezimweni zemvelo ziyizinyoni, izibankwa nezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane. Izinhlobo ezisondele kakhulu ze-mamba eluhlaza ziyamakhanda amfishane namnyama. Ubuthi buqukethe i-neurotoxins esebenza ngokushesha engadala izicubu ze-necrosis nokukhubazeka ngohlelo. Umuntu ohlushwa inyoka ngaphandle komuthi ngokushesha kungenzeka abulawe.
Incazelo
Inyoka eyakhelwe ngomusa ngomsila omude we-conical. Ubude obujwayelekile bomuntu omdala buhlukahluka kusuka ku-1.8 kuya ku-2.1 m. Izinhlobo ezinkulu kunazo zonke zifinyelela ku-2.4 m ubude. Ikhanda lincane, liphakeme, lidlula emzimbeni. Lapho inyoka ibambe intamo yayo ibheke phezulu emoyeni, intamo ingafiphala, kepha i- “hood”, efana necobra, ayakheki. Bafundzi banoyindilinga ngemehluko, i-iris i-brownish-yellow.
Izikali zibushelelezi. I-torso engenhla ikhanya kusuka kokuphuzi okuluhlaza okotshani kuya kokuluhlaza okunemikhawulo yangaphambili yesikali. Imvamisa kunezinyoka lapho ingemuva lesiqu kanye nomsila kucishe kuphuzi ngokuphelele. Ekugcineni, kokunye okubonwayo, izikali zihlanganiswa nephethini emnyama enamadayimane. Izindawo zesikhumba esimnyama phakathi kwamafule zakhiwa kahle kakhulu ekhanda nasemsileni. Ingxenye engenhla yekhanda inemibala efana nengaphambili lomzimba, noma imnyama kancane. Ingxenye engezansi yekhanda, umphimbo, isisu kanye nokufiphala kupende okuphuzi noma okuphuzi okotshani.
Isimo sekhava yesikali singokulandelayo: azungeze maphakathi nesiqu 11–15, isisu 210- 242, isinqe se-105 kuya ku-1212 sibhangqiwe, isibuko esiphezulu 7-8, isibalo esiphansi 11–13, sesikhashana 2 + 2 (kwesinye isikhathi 2 + 3 noma 2 + 4), isikali se-preorbital 2-3, orbital 3-4. Isihlangu se-anal sihlukaniswe.
Ukubhebhetheka
Ububanzi buhlanganisa izifunda ezilingana neNtshonalanga Afrika: eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeSenegal, iGambia, iGuinea, iSierra Leone, iLiberia, iCôte d'Ivoire, iningizimu yeGhana, iTogo kanye nenyakatho yeBenin. INigeria iphinde futhi yashiwo emithonjeni eminingana, noma kunjalo, ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XXI, abaphengululi be-herpetologists baqaphela imininingwane yokuqala yobukhona benyoka kuleli lizwe njengengathembekile. Kwenzeka endaweni ephakeme ngokufika ku-1000 m ngaphezu kolwandle.
Izindawo zokuhlala ezinkulu ihlathi lemvula eliqhubekayo elinemvula yaminyaka yonke engaphezu kuka-1,500 mm. Enyakatho yeTogo, inyoka ingena emahlathini angenalutho owomile; eGuinea, iyenzeka nasolwandle nasezindaweni ezikhukhulayo zolwandle. EGambia naseGuinea-Bissau, inyoka ihlala ezindaweni ezincane ezisemahlathini, kanye nasezitolo eziseceleni kwemigwaqo. Kwesinye isikhathi lesi silwane sitholakala endaweni yepaki yezindawo zokuhlala.
Izici zokuziphatha
Kuholela ezindleleni zokuphila ezinamatshe nezisemhlabeni. Isebenza kakhulu ngezikhathi zasemini, ngezikhathi ezithile iyaphuma iyozingela ebusuku. Esikhathini sakhe esikhululekile, ucasha ngomqhele omnyama, lapho kungabonakali khona ngokuqhathaniswa nesizinda samahlamvu. Inyoka eselula kakhulu futhi esheshayo. Ukugwema ukuxhumana nomuntu, emhlanganweni ukhetha ukubalekela esihlahleni noma emithini. Umangele, uziphatha kabi: uzwakala kakhulu futhi uhlasela umfokazi njalo, esebenzisa amazinyo anobuthi.
Umsoco
Idla izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, ngokuyinhloko amagundane: amagundane, amagundane kanye nama-squirrels, kanye namalulwane, amadayinisi anemibala emhlophe, nama-shrews. Ibuye idle izibankwa namaxoxo, izidleke zezinyoni ezincithakalo. Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, kujaha futhi kulume inyamazane izikhathi eziningi kuze kufe emiphumeleni yobuthi.
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-mamba eluhlaza
Green mamba - inyoka emincane engamamitha ayi-1.5 eluhlaza okotshani obumnyama.
Ikhanda libumbeke ngendlela yesikwele futhi lihlukaniswe nomzimba. Amazinyo amabili amakhulu anobuthi abekwe phambi kwendawo yomlomo. Amazinyo angenawo ubuthi atholakala kuyo yomibili imihlathi. Amehlo e-mamba eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka anomntwana omkhulu ozungezayo. Zihlala zivulekile, njengoba zivikelwe ngezihlangu ezisobala, hhayi ngamashiya ajwayelekile. I-iris umbala ofanayo nowemfashini yesikhumba.
Amamambas amancane aluhlaza afinyelela ku-7 cm ubude ahlala eluhlaza okotshani noma okhanyayo ngombala. Sebefinyelele kubude obungamasentimitha angama-70, baba mnyama futhi bafana nenyoka endala ngombala womzimba.
Umbala wenamba yomzimba we-mamba eluhlaza okotshani uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngesisu esikhanyayo esiluhlaza okotshani. Lapho i-reptile igoba umzimba wayo, ibukeka njengemibala ehlukahlukene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza nokuphuzi.
Ukubukeka, incazelo
Le inyoka yinhle kakhulu, kepha ukubukeka kwayo kuyakhohlisa. . IGreen mamba ingenye yabantu.
Lokhu kubukeka kuvumela i-mamba eluhlaza ukuba izifihle ngokuphelele njengendawo yokuhlala. Ngakho-ke, kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa lenyoka igatsha noma i-creeper.
Ngobude, lesi sidalwa esijikelezayo sifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 noma ngaphezulu. Ubude benyoka obukhulu babhalwa ngabaphenyi abangu-2.1 metres. Amehlo e-mamba eluhlaza ahlala evulekile, avikelwe amapuleti akhethekile obala.
Kuyathakazelisa! Emncane, umbala wayo uluhlaza okotshani ngombala, ngokuhamba kweminyaka iba mnyama kancane. Abanye abantu banombala ogqamile.
Ikhanda liwele ngokuma ngoxande futhi alihlanganisi nomzimba. Amazinyo anobuthi enanini lezingcezu ezimbili abekwe phambi kwendawo yomlomo. Amazinyo angenawo ubuthi atholakala kuyo yomibili imihlathi engaphezulu nangaphansi.
Habitat, indawo yokuhlala
Inyoka eluhlaza ye-mamba igcwele impela ezifundeni zamahlathi eNtshonalanga Afrika . Kutholakala kakhulu eMozambiki, eMpumalanga neTanzania. Abaphangi abahlala emahlathini we-bamboo namahlathi emango.
Kuyathakazelisa! Muva nje, amacala okuvela kwe-mamba eluhlaza okotshani ezindaweni zokupaka zamadolobha aqoshiwe, ungaphinde uhlangane nemango emasimini wetiyi, okwenza impilo yetiye kanye nabakhi bemango babulawe ngesikhathi sokuvuna.
Uyazithanda izindawo ezimanzi, ngakho-ke kufanele uqaphele ezindaweni ezisezindaweni ezisogwini. i-mamba eluhlaza ihlala ezindaweni ezifuywayo, kodwa futhi yenzeka ezindaweni ezinezintaba eziphakeme ngamamitha ayi-1000.
Kunjengokungathi yakhelwe ukuhlala ezihlahleni futhi umbala wayo omangalisayo uyivumela ukuba inganakwa yilabo abangaba izisulu ngasikhathi sinye nokufihla izitha.
Indlela Yokuphila yeMamba eluhlaza
Ukubukeka nendlela yokuphila kwenza le nyoka ibe ngenye yezingozi eziyingozi kakhulu kubantu. Imango eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka aluvamile ukwehlela emhlabathini kusukela ezihlahleni. Ungahlangana naye emhlabeni kuphela uma ezimisele kakhulu ekuzingeleni noma enquma ukubeka itshe elangeni elangeni.
I-mamba eluhlaza ihola indlela yokuphila efana nesihlahla, kulapho ithola izisulu zayo. I-reptile ihlasela kuphela uma kunesidingo, lapho izivikela noma izingela.
Naphezu kokuba khona kobuthi obubi, lesi yisilwane esinamahloni futhi esingenalo ulaka, ngokungafani nabanye babafowethu abaningi. Uma kungekho okusongelayo, imamba eluhlaza ikhetha ukuphuma ngaphambi kokuyibona.
Ebantwini, imamba eluhlaza ibeka ingozi enkulu ngesikhathi sokuvunwa kwemango noma itiye. Njengoba isifihlwe ngokuphelele kuluhlaza lwezihlahla, lapho kunzima kakhulu ukukuqaphela.
Uma uphazamisa ngengozi futhi wesabisa i-mamba eluhlaza, ngokuqinisekile izozivikela futhi isebenzise isikhali sayo esibulalayo. Ngesikhathi sokuvuna, inqwaba yabantu ifa ezindaweni ezinezinyoka ezinkulu.
Kubalulekile! Ngokungafani nezinye izinyoka, ezixwayisa ngokuhlaselwa ngokuziphatha kwabo, i-mamba eluhlaza okotshani, ngokumangala, ihlasela ngokushesha ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.
Ungahlala uphapheme emini, noma kunjalo, umsebenzi omkhulu we-mamba eluhlaza uwela ebusuku, ngaleso sikhathi ahamba ayozingela.
Ukudla, ukudla kwenyoka
Izinyoka zivame ukuhlasela isisulu ezingakwazi ukugwinya. Kepha lokhu akusebenzi ku-mamba eluhlaza, uma kwenzeka ingozi engalindelekanga, ingahlasela kalula into enkulu kunayo.
Uma le inyoka isuka kude izwa ukuthi isengozini, iyancamela ukufihla emahlathini aminyene. Kepha kuyamangaza ukuthi uyahlasela, ngakho-ke imvelo yokuzilawula iyasebenza.
Inyoka idla kuwo wonke umuntu ongayibamba futhi ayithole ethola ezihlahleni . Njengomthetho, lezi yizinyoni ezincane, amaqanda ezinyoni, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane (amagundane, amagundane, ama-squirrels).
Futhi phakathi kwezisulu ze-mamba eluhlaza kungabakhona izibungu, amasele namalulwane, kaningi - izinyoka ezincane. Izisulu ezinkulu nazo zenzeka ekudleni kwe-mamba eluhlaza, kodwa kuphela uma yehlela emhlabathini, okwenzeka njalo.
Ukuzala kabusha, isikhathi sokuphila
Isilinganiso sokuphila esiphilwa isikhathi eside se-mamba eluhlaza ezimweni zemvelo yiminyaka engama-6- 8. Ekuthunjweni, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, angaphila iminyaka eyi-14. Inyoka ebeka amaqanda ingazalela amaqanda ayi-8 kuye kwayi-16.
Izindawo zamaphutha ziyizinqwaba zamagatsha amadala namahlamvu abolile . Isikhathi sokufakwa kokufuduka sisuka ezinsukwini ezingama-90 kuye kwezingama-105, kuya ngezimo zokuphila zangaphandle. Izinyoka zizalwa zincinci kakhulu kuze kube ngamasentimitha ayi-15 ubude, ngasikhathi singeyona ingozi.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ubuthi obukwi-mamba eluhlaza luqala ukukhiqizwa lapho lufika kumasentimitha angama-35-50 ubude, okungukuthi, emasontweni ama-3-4 emva kokuzalwa.
Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-molt yokuqala yenzeka ezihuquzelayo ezincane.
I-mamba enobuthi eyingozi enobuthi mamba ingeyamalungu omndeni we-aspida futhi iyingxenye yohlobo lwe-mamba. Kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nge Western Mamba, njengoba ihlala emkhakheni wezindawo eziseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika phakathi kweMauritania neNigeria. Okungenani kunezi-12 zazo, futhi zisuka entshonalanga ziye empumalanga ogwini loLwandlekazi i-Atlantic. Kukulezi zindawo ezivundile lapho kuhlala khona isilwanyana sasendle esiyingozi. Izindawo zakhe azithandayo ngamahlathi ashisayo anemvula yaminyaka yonke engamasentimitha ayi-150. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yenyoka enoshevu ifaka phakathi amahlathi angavamile, ama-savannah, izihlahla ezigcwele ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, kanye nezindawo ezisehlathini.
Ukuziphatha Nempilo
Abamele izinhlobo zezilwane bayasebenza phakathi nosuku, kepha bangahamba bazingele ebusuku. Bahlala emhlabeni nasemithini. Ukuphumula, njengomthetho, emagatsheni phakathi kwamahlamvu aminyene, lapho acishe angabonakali khona. Ngokwemvelo yayo, le nyama yezilwane ezifuywayo iyiselula ngokweqile, iyashesha futhi inovalo. Uma kwenzeka ingozi, izama ukuphunyuka futhi icashe emagatsheni aminyene ezihlahla. Kepha uma inyoka iqhutshwa ekhoneni, khona-ke iba nolaka futhi ibe nesibindi. AmaHisses kakhulu futhi angakuluma kaningana.
Ukudla okusemqoka kuqukethe amagundane, amagundane, ama-squirrels nezinye izinduku. Izinyoni, amaqanda, amalulwane, izinyoni, izibankwa zezihlahla, amasele kuyadliwa nakho. Ngokunikezwa ijubane nokushukumiseka, imamba eluhlaza eluhlaza isukela umhlaseli, iluma kaningana ize ife ubuthi. Isilwane esidliwayo esinobuthi sinezitha ezimbalwa zemvelo. Ubungozi ngumuntu nezinyoni zezinyamazane.
Ubuthi be-mamba eluhlaza
Ubuthi be-mamba eluhlaza buyabulala ezilwaneni nakubantu. Siqukethe ubuthi be-presynaptic ne-postynaptic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuthi bokuthi ubuthi buxhomeke kakhulu endaweni yokuhlala ethile, ekudleni nasebangeni lesilwane esibuhlungu. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, ukuluma kuyabulala, umehluko ubonwa kuphela ngesikhathi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukulunywa kwabantu kuqoshwa kakhulu ezikhathini eziningi ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwenyoka aluvamisi ukuhlangana nabantu.
Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele azi ukuthi inani lokufa kusuka ekulimeni kwama-mambas aluhlaza liphakeme kakhulu kunesilinganiso sokufa kwabantu ukulunywa yi-cobra. Umuntu olumayo uqala ukuzwa izinhlungu ezivuthayo lapho eluma, indawo ezungeze isilonda iyagcwala. Ubuhlungu bekhanda, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, umfutho wegazi owengeziwe, ukuphefumula kobunzima kuyabonakala. Ngemuva kwalokho ukukhubazeka kwemisipha yokuphefumula kwenzeka, bese umuntu efa ngenxa yokuphefumula. Ukuphela okubulalayo kuza ngokushesha okukhulu - kuphela imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-40 ngemuva kokuluma.
Ubuthi busakazekela emzimbeni ngejubane elikhulu kakhulu, okuyisimo esibonisa imilo eluhlaza. I-antidote ekhethekile kuphela engayivimba. Kulokhu, ama-ampoules angama-8-10 abekwa ngokushesha kumuntu. Inani elingaka le -ididote elingaphazamisa umphumela obulalayo wento enobuthi.
Inyoka emnyama mamba ingeyohlobo lomndeni womndeni wama-mambov we-aspidae. Le yinyoka enobuthi kunazo zonke ezwenikazi lase-Afrika, futhi nayo ifakwe ezihlahleni ezingama-20 ezinobuthi emhlabeni wonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imamba emnyama ibhekwa njengenyoka enobuthi esheshayo emhlabeni.
Inyoka emnyama mamba ingeyohlobo lomndeni womndeni wama-mambov we-aspidae
Habitat
Njengoba igama lalezi zinhlobo libonisa, i-mamba eluhlaza yasentshonalanga ihlala eNtshonalanga Afrika. Ungahlangana naye ensimini yaseGhana, eTogo, eNigeria. Ihlala emahlathini emvula, ikhetha izihlahla ezivame kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi ungathola imamba yasentshonalanga eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emadolobheni angaphansi kwedolobha namapaki. Umsebenzi ophakeme we-mamba eluhlaza wenzeka ngesikhathi sasemini, yize kwesinye isikhathi kusebenze emahoreni asebusuku.
Ihlala ezindaweni eziseGhana, iNigeria, i-Afrika kanye neTogo. Ithanda amahlathi ashisayo aseNtshonalanga Afrika, ithambekele ikakhulukazi ekuzinzeni kwezihlahla zezihlahlana futhi itholakala ezindaweni ezingamadolobha, amapaki.
Bonke abamele uhlobo lweMamba yohlobo lweMamba bakhuthele kakhulu, ngakho-ke bazodinga inani elikhulu lezibheki namagatsha, ku-terrarium abadinga ukubeka izitshalo zangempela noma zokwenziwa. Esikhathini sasemini, imamba eluhlaza yasentshonalanga ikhetha ukuzisonga ngamagatsha noma imane ilale kuwo. Ngaphandle kwezinkinga, lolu hlobo lungagcinwa ngamaqembu amancane.
Ngokwengeziwe
Imilamba eluhlaza yaseNtshona isephakathi kwezinyoka ezinobuthi eziphezulu ezinobukhulu emhlabeni.
Ngokucubungula, imamba yasentshonalanga eluhlaza ifana neJameson Mamba (Dendroaspis jemesoni).
ikhasi elitholwe yizicelo:
- mamba oluhlaza osentshonalanga
Insizakalo entsha izonikeza ithuba loku-oda izinto zokuhamba ngamanani amabili. Ungasebenzisa futhi insiza yokulayisha. Intela yokuqala ikuvumela ukuthi u-oda imoto (iCitroen Berlingo neLada Largus) enendawo yezempahla enesisindo esiphelele sethoni engekho ngaphezulu kwe-1. Intela yesibili ifaka ama-vans amancane anomthamo ongafika kumathani ayi-3,5, ngokwesibonelo, iCitroen Jumper ne-GAZelle NEXT. Izimoto ngeke zibe zindala kuno-2008, kusho uKommersant.
Futhi, amakhasimende azokwazi uku-oda ezokuthutha nabalayishi, kepha uma umshayeli esebenza yedwa, ngeke ayithole imiyalo enjalo. I-Yandex.Taxi ithembisa “amabhonasi akhethekile abanye ozakwethu nabashayeli” abaxhume emalini entsha.
IGreen Mamba (igama lesiLatini Dendroaspis angusticeps - - reptile encane, enhle futhi enobuthi kakhulu. Ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu kuyingozi izilwane emhlabeni wethu, le nyoka ithatha indawo "ehlonishwayo" ye-14. Ngamandla akhe okuhlasela owesilisa ngaphandle kwesizathu, ama-Afrika ambiza ngokuthi "udeveli oluhlaza."
Izimfanelo ezihlukile
I-mamba eluhlaza inyoka encane (kufika ku-15 amasentimitha) inyoka ende emnyama yombala oluhlaza okotshani. Phakathi kwekhanda nomzimba kunentamo encane emincane. Lapho ihamba, ibukeka njengemibala ehlukahlukene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izinyoka ezincane (kufika amasentimitha ayi-7 ngosayizi) zihlala ziluhlaza okotshani noma ziluhlaza ngombala. Amehlo anophawu omkhulu oyindilinga, i-iris yamehlo - umbala wesikali.
IGreen mamba ihola indlela yokuphila yesihlahla futhi kuyaqabukela yehlele emhlabathini. Imvamisa igibela isihlahla (kaningi esihlahleni) bese ilingisa “ihlumela”. Lapho inyamazane isondela, inyoka iyiluma ngejubane lombani. Ukudla kwakhe kuyizinyoni, amasele esihlahla ezincelisayo. Ngezikhathi ezithile, inyoka ishintsha indawo yayo, igxume esihlahleni iye kwesinye.
IGreen mamba ihlala endaweni eyodwa kuphela emhlabeni - engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeNingizimu Afrika (Mazambia, Zambia, Tanzania).Kubahlali bendawo, inyoka le iyinhlekelele yangempela, njengoba ukuqoqwa kwamaqabunga etiye nemango - umsebenzi ophambili wabantu bendawo - sekujika kube ngumsebenzi wokubulala ngenxa yawo.
Ubuthi be-mamba be-Green yinto engumbala onamandla we-neurotoxic. Ngomphumela wayo obulalayo, idlula ngisho noshevu we-cobras. Kodwa i-mamba eluhlaza ilwela hhayi kuphela ukuluma umuntu, kodwa ukulimaza abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, inani lobuthi elingena emzimbeni womuntu olunywe, kwesinye isikhathi lidlula izikhathi ezingama-5-9 umthamo obulalayo. Bangaphezu kwama-40 abantu aba yizisulu ze-mamba eluhlaza ezwekazini lase-Afrika njalo ngonyaka.
Green Mamba Habitats
IGreen mamba ihlala ezifundeni zamahlathi ezwekazini lase-Afrika. Kuhlala izihlahlana zoqalo, izihlahla zemango kanye nezihlahlana ezisogwini.
Imisipha enekhanda elincane (i-Dendroaspis angusticeps).
Ukuzala Green Mamba
Imamba eluhlaza inyoka ebeka iqanda. Owesifazane ubeka ehlobo amaqanda ayi-6-18 ekubambeni kwesitshalo eziphilayo. Izinyoka ezincane ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza ubuthi, zifinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha ayi-18.
Ngisho nezinyoka ezincane zemamba eluhlaza zinoshevu.
Green Mamba - inyoka efihlayo
IGreen mamba iyingozi kakhulu kubantu bendawo ngesikhathi sokuqoqwa kwamahlamvu wetiye nemango. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwalesi sidalwa sokulima emasimini, ukusebenza kwabakhiqizi sekuyinto eyingozi. Imamba eluhlaza icashe phakathi kwenqwaba eluhlaza yamaqabunga ezihlahleni, kungabonakala sengathi abantu abakwazi ukuphazamisa izilobe eziyingozi, kodwa iqiniso ukuthi uma umuntu ebheka inyoka ngaphansi kwezinyawo zayo, otshanini nasemhlabathini, ibaleka isuka phezulu.
Inyoka ihlasela ngaphandle kwesixwayiso, futhi amathuba okugwema ukuluma ambalwa kakhulu. Ubuthi busebenza masinyane kangangokuba odokotela abanaso ngisho nesikhathi sokujova i-anti-snake serum kule ndawo, hhayi ukuletha esikhungweni sezokwelapha esiseduze. Ubuhlungu obuvuthayo buvela kuluma. Njengoba lisakazeka, inyoka enobuthi iveza izicubu futhi ibangele ukuqina kwamalungu. Izibazi zihlala ezindaweni ezithintekile zomzimba.
Inyoka isabela ngokushesha lapho inyakaza, ngoba imvamisa ihlasela abantu.
Lapho uhambela izindawo lapho kungenzeka khona imamba i-mamba ihlala khona, amadoda ahlala ephephisa njalo ancoma ukugqoka izingubo eziqinile, ezihlwabusayo. Ama-mambas aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngasizathu simbe, athambekele ukuwa emagatsheni angemuva kwekhola. Ukusuka lapho kunzima kakhulu ukusithola, kanti isilwanyana esidliwayo esinobuthi siyakwazi ukukhipha ukulimala okubulalayo.
Kunzima kakhulu ukubona lenyoka eluhlaza njengamahlamvu aminyene. Kepha, ezindaweni ezihlala imamba eluhlaza, udinga ukuziphatha ngokucophelela, ubheka otshanini obukhona ngaphansi kwezinyawo zakho nasemqheleni omnyama wezihlahla. Lapho uthola i-mamba eluhlaza okotshani, abantu bendawo bacebisa ukuthi bangazibeki ezingcupheni, kodwa bamane bazungeze indawo eyingozi.
Isenzo sobuthi be-mamba eluhlaza
Imamba eluhlaza inyoka enobuthi. Ubuthi bakhe buyinto enamandla ye-neurotoxic. Esenzweni sayo esibulalayo, idlula ngisho nobuthi be-cobras.
I-Green mamba idonsa ngokushesha uchungechunge lwezifo ezilimaza impilo. Ngakho-ke, inani lobuthi elingena emzimbeni womuntu olunywe ngokweqile lidlula inani elivumelekile izikhathi ezi-5-9. Bangaphezu kuka-40 abantu abafayo minyaka yonke ngenxa yokulimala kwezifo ezinobuthi e-Afrika.
Ngakho-ke, akulona iphutha ukuthi imamba eluhlaza yabizwa ngokuthi "udeveli oluhlaza." Kodwa, ngaphandle kwazo zonke izici zayo ezimbi, kukhona abathandi abaqukethe eqoqweni labo i-reptile enobuthi, bancoma umbala omuhle wesikhumba.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka .
Ngegama elithi "mamba" ezingqondweni zabaningi kuvela ngokushesha isithombe senyoka emnyama ebukekayo, enekhono lokuhamba ngokushesha okukhulu nomlingiswa onolaka kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, kulokhu ingxoxo izoba ngomunye ummeleli wesizwe samaMamb: ngesihlobo esiluhlaza mamba omnyama.
Izithombe zemamba eluhlaza
Lesi sihlahla esidliwayo sihlala emahlathini emvula aseNtshonalanga Afrika, sikhetha ukuhlala ezihlahleni noma ezihlahleni. Umbala wakhe ophuzi ophuzi uhlangana ngokuphelele nohlaza oluzungezile, ngakho-ke akulula kangako ukubona le nyoka enhle kunoma yisiphi isihlahla.
Le mamba eluhlaza ayibukeki nhlobo njengodadewabo omnyama: incane futhi inciphile futhi ikhula ibe ngamamitha ayi-2,5 ubude, inikezela ubuhle obuyingozi base-Afrika. Ubuye achithe iningi lempilo yakhe ezihlahleni, ehlela emhlabathini kuphela ekuzingeleni noma ekutsheni. Ukudla kwenyoka ngamagundane, amaphuphu amancane, izibungu ezincane namaqanda ezinyoni.
Kepha umehluko obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwe-mamba eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomnyama ngumlingiswa. Le inyoka ibonakala ngesimo sokuzola nokuzithiba, kanti imamba emnyama ibona yonke into ezungeze inzondo. Kuyaqabukela, i-mamba eluhlaza iphonsa noma ilume.
Imvamisa, uma umuntu emphazamisa, avele, avele ahambe. Kodwa-ke, uma umqambi wezinkinga eqhubeka nokuhlasela kwakhe, inyoka kufanele ivikele futhi ilume. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-mamba eluhlaza inobuthi be-neurotoxic. Ubuthakathaka kakhulu kunobuthi be-mamba emnyama, kepha nokho ulimaza kakhulu uhlelo lwezinzwa. Ngenhlanhla, ukuhlaselwa kwabantu kuyaqabukela kakhulu ngenxa yesimo sabo sokuthula. Imvamisa abantu bahlangabezana nalezi zidalwa ezinomusa ngenkathi besebenza emasimini emango. Ehlobo, ama-mambas abeka amaqanda angama-6 kuya kwayi-40 kuwo aqanduselwa inzalo engama-40 centimeter.
I-mamba enobuthi eyingozi enobuthi mamba ingeyamalungu omndeni we-aspida futhi iyingxenye yohlobo lwe-mamba. Kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nge Western Mamba, njengoba ihlala emkhakheni wezindawo eziseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika phakathi kweMauritania neNigeria. Okungenani kunezi-12 zazo, futhi zisuka entshonalanga ziye empumalanga ogwini loLwandlekazi i-Atlantic. Kukulezi zindawo ezivundile lapho kuhlala khona isilwanyana sasendle esiyingozi. Izindawo zakhe azithandayo ngamahlathi ashisayo anemvula yaminyaka yonke engamasentimitha ayi-150. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yenyoka enoshevu ifaka phakathi amahlathi angavamile, ama-savannah, izihlahla ezigcwele ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, kanye nezindawo ezisehlathini.