I-Lynx lynx

Isigcawu: I-Predatory - Carnivora

Umndeni: I-Feline - UFelidae

Ubulili: I-Lynx - I-Lynx

Lapho kuhlala khona:

E-Russia, i-lynx itholakala emahlathini acinene, aqukethe ngokweqile asuka emngceleni osentshonalanga afinyelela eKamchatka naseSakhalin, lapho ingene khona muva nje. ILynx nayo iyatholakala kumaCarpathians, eCaucasus naseCentral Asia. Yonke indawo incane.

Izindawo Zokuhlala:

ILynx itholakala eRussia, eScandinavia, eFinland, kwezinye izindawo zasePoland naseCzech Republic, kanye naseSpain.

Usayizi:

Ubude bomzimba wowesilisa bungamasentimitha angama-76- 606 kanti lokho okwenziwa ngabesifazane amasentimitha ambalwa (3-6). Umsila - kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-20. Isisindo sezilwane ezindala ziyi-16-20, kuyaqabukela - kufinyelela kuma-30 kg.

Ukubukeka:

ILynx iyisilo esiphakathi nendawo enomzimba omfishane, esiphakeme emilenzeni yaso, inhloko eyindilinga futhi imfishane, kufana nokuthi “kutsim” umsila. Izindlebe zincanyana, zimile, zithweswe umqhele ngamakhekhe amade, “amathangi” ayabonakala esihlathini. Imilenze iminyene, ngasikhathi sinye igobeke ngewashi elikhulu eliyindilinga kanye nezimpandla ezibukhali ezingabuyiselwa emuva.

Uboya obuthambile, obude nobugqinsi nobusika bama-lynxes ezindaweni ezihlukile zohlu lwazo bunombala ohlukile: i-ashen-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-fawn-smoky, i-grey-brown, ebomvu ngokubomvu. Cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi, uboya buhlakazekile obunamabala amnyama, amakhulu ngemuva nasemaceleni, mncane esifubeni nasemilenzeni. Esiswini, izinwele zihlala zinde futhi zithambile, kepha aziminyene futhi zimhlophe njalo ziba mhlophe ngentethe. I-lynx fur yasehlobo i-coarser, imfushane, inombala ogqamile kunobusika. Amaphaphu avela kahle ebusika. Alikho elinye ikati elivumelaniswa neqhwa nokubandayo njenge-lynx.

Ukuziphatha nendlela yokuphila

ILynx iyisidididi kakhulu: ayigcini ngokugibela izihlahla namatshe kuphela, kodwa futhi igijima ngokushesha, yenza ukugxuma okukhulu ifinyelele kumamitha angama-3.5-4, yenza izinguquko ezinde, ibhukuda kahle.

I-Lynx ihola kakhulu indlela yokuphila exazululiwe, kepha ngesikhathi sesithwathwa esibi esineqhwa elijulile, lapho kungagcini nje ngokubanda, kodwa futhi silambe kakhulu, siqala uhambo olude futhi kwesinye isikhathi sigibela ku-steppe ne-tundra. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuze kufike ku-30 ​​km kungadlula ngosuku.

Lapho behlangana, onondindwa benza inkambiso yokubingelela - baqubuzelana emakhaleni abo, baqhamuka bephambana futhi baqale ukubeka amabunzi abo kakhulu kangangokuba kuzwakala umsindo webongo lapho begagana. Uthando olunobungane lwama-lynxes luboniswa ekuxhumekeni kobabili koboya.

Umsoco:

I-lynx ingumhlaseli “ongahlanzeki,” idla konke okunyakazayo futhi okungamandla ayo ukuyidla. Izinto zokuzingela i-lynx zingama-hares, ama-roe deer, ama-musk deer, ama-chamois, izinkambo, izinyoni ezahlukahlukene (ngokuyinhloko i-hazel grouse ne-grouse emnyama), izinduku, kanye nezinyamazane ezincane, izingulube zasendle, kanye no-moose. Ukuzingela eqhweni nasekujutheni okujulile, i-lynx yehlula izilwane ezinkulu ezindala. Ngezikhathi ezithile, ubamba ama-squirrels, ama-martens, amasaka, amakholamu, izinja ze-raccoon. Kodwa-ke, kukholelwa ukuthi isisekelo sokudla kwe-lynx singama-hares kanye nosayizi abaphakathi.

Umthethosisekelo we-lynx onekheji lawo elincane elixhunyiwe alishintshwa isikhathi eside; izindlela ezizithandayo zokuzingela ukubheka isisulu ezindleleni zokuhamba, ezindaweni zokuhlushwa (izindawo zokunisela, izindawo zokufakelwa usawoti, imfudlana). Ngesizathu esifanayo, noma yiziphi ezinye zezilwane ezidla ezinye, kubandakanya izinja, zibamba kalula i-lynx, okuwukuphela kwensindiso okufanele kugibele isihlahla. Kungakho lapho inkathi engenalo iqhwa, i-lynx ithanda ukuphumula ezihlahleni.

Izimpisi ngenkuthalo nangokuxosha ama-lynxes, ama-lynxes awekho lapho kunezimpisi eziningi. Izimpisi yiziqhudelwano eziphambili zokudla. Emncintiswaneni onemibandela walezi zinhlobo, i-lynx ilahlekelwa ngamazinga okuzala kanye nekhono layo lokuzivumelanisa nezinguquko zemvelo. Ngokusho kwabaphenyi, i-lynx nayo iphishekela izimpungushe ngamabomu.

Ukuzala:

Umjaho e-lynx uqala ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari futhi uqhubeka cishe inyanga. Owesifazane uvame ukulandela abesilisa abaningana, bahlala belwa bodwa. Ukuba izilwane ezihlala zithule, imidlwane ngesikhathi sokuzala purr kakhulu futhi ngokubabazekayo nange-meow, futhi ngenkulu injabulo bayamemeza kakhulu. Izinsikazi zifaka izwi eliphansi, abesilisa babubula ngokuhlanya. Indawo yokulahla amadlozi ingeyakudala, kepha igcinwe kahle ngaphansi kwezimpande zesihlahla noma edwaleni lamatshe, imvamisa emgodini wesihlahla. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-63-70.

NgoMeyi, ama-cubic ama-2-3 avela ku-lynx, ngaphansi kaningi - elilodwa noma amane. Abasizi, abayizimpumputhe nezithulu, futhi banesisindo sekota noma ingxenye yesithathu yekhilogremu. Amehlo amawundlu avuleka ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-16-17. Lapho ziqala inyanga eyodwa ubudala, ziqala ukudla inyama, noma kunjalo, zondla ubisi lukamama ezinye izinyanga ezine.

Ukuzingela kwemvelo kuvuka esemncane. Izinkomo, ezineminyaka engaba ngamashumi amane ubudala, sezivele zizama ukugoba "inyamazane" bese ziyayihlasela. Ukuqala ukuphuma emgodini kanye nomama, amawundlu ajwayela impilo eyinkimbinkimbi yehlathi. Abantu abadala babalethela amagundane aphilayo, ama-voles asensimini, ama-hares, bafundisa ngesineke ukuthi bangawathola kanjani, bathinta futhi bavikele amathole kuzo zonke izinhlupheko.

Owesilisa usiza umama ukondla nokukhulisa inzalo. Amacube akhula ngokushesha, vele ngo-Okthoba kunzima ukuwahlukanisa nabazali bawo, futhi ama-lynxes aqala ukuzingela emindenini. Ubusika bonke ubusika buhlala buhlangana, bufika ekuqaleni kwengqondo entsha. Eminyakeni yonyaka owodwa, ukukhula okuncane kuguqukela empilweni yokuphila okuzimele.

Abesifazane bafika esikhathini sezinyanga ezingama-21, abesilisa babe nezinyanga ezingama-33.

Isikhathi sokuphila:

Kunezimo lapho ama-lynxes ayehlala ekudingisweni iminyaka engaphezu kweyi-20. Emvelweni, isikhathi sokuphila sincane: iminyaka eyi-10-15.

Indawo yokuhlala:

Usongo engqondweni:

Naphezu kwalesi senzakalo esande kangaka, siyizinhlobo ezisengozini enesibalo sabantu esinciphile.

Ibanga le-lynx liyancishiswa, futhi isibalo siyehla ngokubhujiswa kwezindawo zokuhlala kanye nokulandela ngqo isilo. Yacekelwa phansi njengendawo yokubulala izilwane, “umpetha” womdlalo futhi njengesilwane esibalulekile esinezinwele.

Izinyathelo zokwandisa inani le-lynx kufanele zibonwe: ukulondolozwa kwe-biotopes efanelekile nezinto ze-forage (inyamazane inyamazane, inyamazane edonsa kanye ne-hare), ukuncipha kwenani lezimpisi, futhi ikakhulukazi ukulwa nokuzingela izinyamazane ezinama-musk nama-loops lapho i-lynx nayo iwela khona.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

Ama-Lynxes ayizilwane zasendulo. Ukuvela kwabo sekuqhubeke iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezine. I-Common Lynx, nayo i-Eurasian. uqhamuke kwokhokho ojwayelekile wohlobo lwe-lynx - Issoire Lynx (Issoire Lynx). Lesi isilwanyana esikhulu esincelisayo. Ukubonakala kwale paka kuyinto eyinqayizivele - umzimba ufushane, futhi imilenze enamandla yinde.

ILynx ingekaFelinae ongaphansi, okusho ukuthi Amakati Amancane. Isici sabo esikhulu ukuqina kwethambo le-hyoid, elivimbela isilwane ekukhuleni kakhulu. Kepha le ndlwana ingenza imisindo ecasulayo ebukekayo ebukeka njengokubhonga kwebhere. Yebo, i-lynx ingakhona futhi meow, njenganoma iyiphi ikati.

Ividiyo: Lynx

Ama-Lynxes amahle kakhulu. Zigcwele uboya kangangokuba lunamathela ngisho naphakathi kwamaphinifa eminwe yabo. Ebusika, imilenze yabo iba lukhuni ikakhulukazi, lokhu kusiza ikati ukuthi lihambe ngaphandle kobunzima ngokusebenzisa ungqimba lweqhwa elixegayo futhi lingaweli. Ama-forelegs amafushane kunemilenze yangemuva. Atholakala kwiminwe emi-4. Emilenzeni yabo wangemuva kukhona aba-5 babo, kepha ibhangqa linye liyancishiswa. Iminwe-lynxes, njengawo wonke amakati.

Zinezindwangu ezibukhali kakhulu, ezigogekile, futhi lezi zinyoni zigibela izihlahla namadwala kahle. Zihamba ngezinyathelo noma ngamakati wekati, kwesinye isikhathi zenza ukweqa kube ngu-3-4 m ubude, kepha akuvamile ngokwanele. Ziyakwazi ukushesha zifinyelele ku-65 km / h, noma kunjalo, isikhashana. Kepha ngaphezulu, la makati amboza amabanga amahle. Futhi babhukuda abakhulu.

Umsila we-lynx osekhulile ungasukela ku-10 kuye ku-30 ​​cm, okuthi kuwo amakati kubhekwe njengento engenakuphikwa. Isihloko somsila simfushane, imnyama imnyama, kepha kukhona nombala omhlophe. Isisindo se-lynx ejwayelekile cishe singama-20 kg. Kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala abantu abanesisindo esifinyelela kuma-25 kg. Abesilisa, njengoba kulindeleke, bakhulu kunezinsikazi.

Ukubukeka nezimpawu

Photo: Animal Lynx

Ikhanda lalawa makati linezici eziningana zokuziphatha. Ezinhlangothini kukhona okubizwa ngokuthi yizingwevu - izindawo eziphakeme zoboya. Olunye uphawu yizimpawu ezaziwayo ezindlebeni. I-lynx inemihlathi emincane emincane, ikhala elibanzi elibanzi. Ezindebeni eziphakeme kunemigqa eminingana ye-vibrissae, eqinile futhi ende.

I-lynx ngokwayo imfushane. Amehlo akhe makhulu, anemibala yesihlabathi, enabafundi abayindilinga. Uboya bakhe bamane nje buhle kakhulu - buthambile, bukhulu futhi buphakeme kakhulu. Esiswini, ijazi lide kakhulu futhi limhlophe, linama-specks amancane. Umbala we-lynx uyahlukahluka kusuka koku-fawn-smoky kuya kokubomvu ngokubomvu. Konke kuncike endaweni yokuhlala yendawo - eningizimu ekude, umbala obomvu kakhulu.

Ukufaka Spotting kungavezwa ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi. Njengomthetho, amabala emhlane, ezinhlangothini nasekhanda lokugxila kwekati. Esiswini, ucezu aluvamile, lapho ijazi licishe limhlophe njalo. Ukulimaza kwenzeka kabili ngonyaka. Ijazi lasehlobo likaLynx li-coarser futhi limnyama kunebusika. Ama-Speckles amakwa ehlobo ngokucace kakhudlwana. Imisipha ezindlebeni ihlala imnyama ngombala, ubude bawo buyi-4 cm.

I-lynx inezindlebe ezinhle kakhulu, futhi yokugcina kodwa hhayi ubuncane bamabhulashi. Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, ikati liyakwazi ukuzwa imisindo edlula yonke. Isibonelo, angayizwa i-hare yesikhunta esidonsa ngamagatsha angaphezulu kwamamitha ayi-100. Umbono wakhe nawo ukhule kahle, i-lynx iyakwazi ukwahlukanisa imibala futhi ngisho nokukhanya kwayo! Kepha umuzwa wekati wokuhogela ubuthakathaka kunalokho, kepha uma umkhondo usha, ungakwazi ukulandelela inyamazane yawo.

Ihlala kuphi i-lynx?

Photo: Lynx Cat

ILynx ihlala emahlathini angenakonakala, lapho kutholakala khona impango eningi. Emahlathini aqhelele noma izihlahla zezihlahla eziqothulayo, kwenzeka kaningi kakhulu. Ikati leli liyatholakala nasezintabeni nasezinkombeni zecactus. Endaweni evulekile, i-lynx ayisoze yahlala. Sekukonke, uzama ukuhlala ezindaweni azakhele ngangokunokwenzeka.

I-lynx ejwayelekile ihlala kuphela eNyakatho hemisphere yoMhlaba. Indawo ehlala kuyo ifinyelela cishe kuyo yonke iScandinavia, eYurophu, empumalanga nasenyakatho neRussia, bese iya e-Asia Ephakathi.

Amazwe lapho kutholakala khona i-lynx ejwayelekile:

• I-Balkan peninsula: ISerbia, iMacedonia, i-Albania,
• E-Germany,
• AmaCarpathians: asuka eCzech Republic aya eRomania,
• EPoland,
• I-Belarus,
• E-Ukraine,
• I-Russia,
• EScandinavia: ENorway, eFinland, eSweden,
• France,
• Switzerland, ,,
• ITranscaucasia: I-Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia,
• E-Asia Ephakathi: China, iMongolia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan,
• I-Baltic ithi.

Kuwo wonke umndeni womndeni wekati lynx, i-lynx ejwayelekile iyisilwane esivimbela ukubanda kakhulu. Kutholakala ngaphesheya kwe-Arctic Circle, eScandinavia. Lapho lesi silwane singabonakala kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yeYurophu. Kepha maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, lase licishe labhuqwa ngokuphelele eMelika Ephakathi naseNtshonalanga.

Namuhla, bazama ukubuyisa inani lalezi zinkomo, futhi ngempumelelo enkulu. Kodwa-ke, yonke indawo incane. E-Russia, ama-90% ama-lynxes ahlala emahlathini aseSiberia aseCaribbean, yize atholakala emingceleni esentshonalanga yezwe eya eSakhalin.

UMnu Cote uyasho: umlando wokutholwa kozalo lweLynx nezinhlobo ezikhona

I-Trot yinoma yiziphi izinhlobo ezine ezaziwayo zalawa makati asendle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-caracals (i-lynx yasogwadule) kanye nekati lendlu yomhlanga (jungle lynx) ngezinye izikhathi babizwa nangokuthi, okungelona iqiniso ngokweqiniso ngokubuka kwentela, ngoba laba bameleli bomndeni we-feline abayona ingxenye ye-Lynx. Funda ngawo wonke amakati ekhasini le-Mr Cat.

Okukhona namuhla, ngokuya ngezigaba zesayensi, kunezinhlobo ezine zeLynxes:

• I-Iberian noma i-Pyrenean,

• I-Eurasian noma ejwayelekile.

Izinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke zibomvu futhi ziyi-Canadian Lynx, kanti ezikhulu kunazo zonke yizinhlobo zase-Yuria ezinokuhlukahluka okukhulu ngaphakathi.

Izinhlobo ezine eziphilayo zohlobo lweLynx kucatshangwa ukuthi zivela ku-Issoire lynx, idlozi elalihlala eYurophu nase-Afrika ngesikhathi seLate Pliocene kanye ne-Pleistocene yaseLate.

Isilo se-Pliocene feline Isilo i-Felis rexroadensis evela eNyakatho Melika saphakanyiswa ososayensi njengokhokho ngisho nangaphambilini, noma kunjalo, ngalesi sikhathi asibhekwa njengeLynx yangempela.

Ukulandelwa kwe-Eurasian noma i-Common Lynx

UFelis lynx yigama lesayensi elalisetshenziswa ngo-1758 nguCarl Linnaeus emsebenzini wakhe uSystema Naturae. Ngekhulu le-19 nele-20, abaphenyi nososayensi abahlukahlukene baphakamise lokhu okulandelayo okulandelayo kwe-Yuros yase-Yurasi:

• I-lynx yaseYurophu noma inyakatho (inyakatho-ntshonalanga) L. l. I-lynx, eyethulwe umhlaba ngumuntu wezemvelo uLinnaeus ngonyaka we-1758, lokhu okubhalwe phansi kuhlala eFinnoscandinavia, amazwe aseBaltic, iPoland, Belarus, iYurophu, empumalanga, nentshonalanga, enyakatho, emaphakathi nezwe laseRussia, i-Urals, iNtshonalanga yeSiberia empumalanga noMfula uYenisei.

• ITurkestan Lynx L. l. i-isabellinus, echazwe yisazi sezilwane saseNgilandi u-Edward Blit ngonyaka we-1847. Lesi silo singowokuzalwa eCentral Asia (izintaba zaseTurkestan, empumalanga ye-Afghanistan, enyakatho yePakistan, India, iHimalaya neTibet).

• I-Caucasian Lynx L. l. i-dinniki, ukuba khona kwayo okutshelwe yisazi sezilwane saseRussia, uchwepheshe woMnyango Wezolimo waseTsarist Russia, uKonstantin Alekseevich Satunin ngo-1915. Uhla lwendalo lekati yasendle lonke iCaucasus yaseRussia, i-Armenia, neGeorgia, ingxenye eseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Azabajani, enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Iran neTurkey.

• I-East Siberian Lynx L. l. umugqa. Ukuchazwa kwalokhu kusungulwa, okuhlala, njengoba igama lisho, e-Eastern Siberia, kwanikezwa ngo-1928 ngusosayensi waseRussia, isazi sezemvelo nodokotela wezemvelo uSergei Ivanovich Ognev. Futhi, le subspecies ibizwa nge- Yakutsky, ngoba ihlala kule ndaba yeRussian Federation.

• Carpathian Lynx L. l. I-carpathicus, echazwe kabanzi ngososayensi uKratochvil noStallmann ngo-1963. Ikati leli lihlala kumaCarpathians naseCentral Europe.

Ukucatshangelwa ukuthi kweminye imithombo akusabonakali:

• Balkan Lynx L. l. I-balcanicus noma i-martinoi, echazwe embhalweni wesazi sokulondolozwa kwezilwane saseBulgaria u-Ivan Buresh ngonyaka we-1941. Ukuchazwa okuningiliziwe kwezingosi ezinikezwe abakwaMiric ngo-1978, bakunika igama elithi martinoi, okufanele lisetshenziswe namuhla. Indawo yokuhlala kwesilo amaBalkan (i-Albania, iMacedonia, iMontenegro, iSerbia eseningizimu). Inani labantu ababodwa lingaphansi kwama-50.

• Altai lynx L. l. i-wardi, isimilo esinikezwe isazi semvelo samaNgisi uRichard Lidecker ngo-1904, lesi silwane sihlala ezintabeni zase-Altai. Cishe abantu abangama-200.

• I-Baikal lynx L. l. kozlovi, emelelwa isazi semvelo saseRussia u-Fetisov ngo-1950. Ihlala eningizimu yeSiberia, isuka eYenisei entshonalanga iya eSelenga eTransbaikalia, futhi kungenzeka nokuthi ihlala ezingxenyeni ezingomakhelwane zaseMongolia, kodwa lokhu akaziwa.

• Amur lynx L. l. stroganovi, umbhali wesimilo sikaHeptner, ka-1969. Ihlala esifundeni sasePrimorsky naseKhabarovsk, empumalanga yeSifunda Amur, Sakhalin, kanye nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina (Manchuria).

• Sardinian Lynx L. l. i-sardiniae, echazwe ngusosayensi uMoji ngonyaka we-1908, le nhlobo yayihlala eSardinia futhi namuhla inyamalala ngokuphelele.

UMnu Cat uyancoma: incazelo, izici, indawo

I-Eurasian noma i-Common Lynx (Lynx Lynx) ikati yasendle ephakathi nendawo, evela eNyakatho, eCentral naseMpumalanga Yurophu, eCentral Asia naseSiberia, evela eTibet Plateau naseHimalaya.

Lesi silwane sihlala emahlathini apholile futhi anesizungu aze afike endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-5500 ngaphezu kolwandle. Ngenxa yokusatshalaliswa kwayo okubanzi, ifakiwe ohlwini lwezinhlobo ezinezinkinga ezimbalwa kuhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN kusukela ngo-2008.

ILynx ngokwengxenye isengozini yokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala kanye nokwehla okukhulu kwenani labantu, ukuzingela kanye nokudangala kokuhlinzekwa kokudla. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, namuhla inabantu abangaphezulu kuka-30,000, kepha lesi sibalo sithathwa njengezinzile. Noma kunjalo, njengoba ufundile encazelweni yezinsizakusebenza, inani labo lincane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, e-Balkan peninsula, bambalwa kuphela abantu abasele, futhi, ngokwesibonelo, eRysya, eJalimane, eFrance, eSwitzerland, eRysya baphindwaphindwa kusukela baqothulwa kulawa mazwe ngekhulu le-19 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.

Ezinhlotsheni ezine ze-Lynx, izinhlobo ze-Eurasian (Lynx lynx) zinkulu ngobukhulu. Ubukhulu bomuntu omdala yilezi: ubude bomzimba kusuka ku-80 kuye ku-130 cm ngomsila, ukuphakama okungama-60-75 cm lapho kubuna. Ubude bomsila buqala ku-11 kuye ku-24,5 cm.Abesilisa bavame ukuba nesisindo esisuka ku-18 kuye ku-30 ​​kg, kuthi izinsikazi zisuke ku-8 ziye ku-21 kg.

Isilo sinemilenze enamandla, emide ngokulinganayo, enezinyawo ezinkulu ze-webbed nezinoboya, ezingaba uhlobo lwe-snowshoe. Ubuye abe nomsila omfishane “okhombe” onompipi omnyama ngokuphelele, izindwangu ezinde ezimnyama ezindlebeni zakhe - amakhekhe kanye nebhulashi elide elimhlophe mpunga ku -apeape.

Umbala wesisulu, ubude boboya nosayizi wamalungu kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesimo sezulu sendawo esikuyo. Eningizimu-ntshonalanga izilwane zinenwele ezimfishane, zimnyama ngombala, namazenga awo mancane futhi athambile. Njengoba isimo sezulu siqhubeka sibanda ngokwengeziwe enyakatho, iLynx inoboya obukhulu, umbala olula, kanti ama-paws aya eba makhudlwana futhi athambekele ekuvumelaneni neqhwa. Imilenze yawo ingaba mikhulu kunengalo noma umlenze womuntu.

Ehlobo, i-Eurasian Lynx inejazi elifushane elibomvu noma elinsundu, okuthi, njengomthetho, licwebezelwe kakhudlwana ezilwaneni ezihlala engxenyeni eseningizimu yendawo yokusabalalisa. Ebusika, ithathelwa indawo ungqimba obukhulu obukhulu boboya abusilika, obuqhamuka kwesiliva grey bube nsundu. Ingxenye engezansi yesilwane, kufaka phakathi intamo ne-chin, imhlophe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.

Ijazi licishe lihlale linamabala amnyama, yize inani nenombolo yazo kuhluke kakhulu. Ezinye izilwane nazo zinemivimbo emnyama onsundu ebunzini nasemuva. Yize amamaki evame ukuba maningi ezilwaneni zabantu abaseningizimu.

Ukubukeka kwe-Eurasian ngoboya obukhulu obunamabala kungahle kube khona eceleni kwabanye ngoboya obude.

Lesi silwane sivela emahlathini aseYurophu, Central Asia naseSiberia. Yize isimo sayo sokulondolozwa sahlukaniswa ngokuthi “sengozini encane”, abantu bancishiswa noma bacekelwa phansi ngekhulu lokugcina eYurophu, lapho le nhlobo isakhiwa khona.

E-Asia Ephakathi, i-Eurasian Lynx ihlala ezifundazweni zaseChina iXinjiang, iGansu, Qinghai, iSichuan neShaanxi, kanye nasemithambekeni asenyakatho ne-Iran, eMongolia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan nase-Afghanistan.

E-Indonesia, isilo sitholakala eKashmir, Himachal Pradesh nakwamanye amazwe aseHimalayan.

ENepal nasePakistan, inani lezilwane livamile ezingxenyeni eziningi ezisenyakatho zezwe.

ETurkey, kuze kube ngonyaka ka-2014, isilinganiso sokudalwa kwabantu bezilwane zasendlini silinganiselwa endaweni eyodwa kuphela evikelwe, iTsiglikara Nature Reserve, esezintabeni zeTaurus, lapho kwahlonzwa khona abantu abangu-15, kusukela ngo-1990 ukuzingela kukaLynx kwakungalawulwa lapha. Manje ukuqothulwa kwalezi zilwane akuvunyelwe futhi amanani abo ayanda.

Yize kungatholakalanga i-Lysx yase-Yurosia eJapan, izinsalela zezinsalela zezinto eziphilayo ezihlobene kakhulu kusukela esikhathini seLate Pleistocene zatholakala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zeziqhingi.

I-Eurasian Lynx yake yavama kakhulu kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Maphakathi nekhulu le-19, lase licishe labhujiswa ngokuphelele emazweni amaningi asezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo nasentshonalanga. Imizamo emincane ephumelelayo manje isiyenziwa yokuvuselela inani lezilo emahlathini.

Isimo se-Yuros yase-Yuropia emazweni ahlukahlukene aseYurophu nasezifundeni namuhla imi ngolu hlobo:

• E Carpathians, abantu abangaba ngu-3 000 abaphila namuhla kule ntaba eCzech Republic, ePoland, eRomania, eSlovakia, eBosnia naseHerzegovina naseHungary. Lesi yisibalo esikhulu kunazo zonke samaLynx e-Eurasia entshonalanga nomngcele waseRussia.
• E-Romania, amakhophi angaphezu kwe-2 000, kepha abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi le mininingwane yabantu esemthethweni idluliswa ngokweqile. Ukuzingela okulinganiselwe kuvunyelwe, kepha isimo sezilwane sizinzile.
• Esiqeshini saseBalkan, izindawo ezitholakala kwaLynx zegama elifanayo zitholakala eCroatia, eMontenegro, e-Albania, eKosovo, eNyakatho neMelika, eBulgaria kanye naseGrisi. Izimbungulu zingatholakala ezindaweni ezikude ezintabeni zeBalkan, ezinamanani amakhulu kakhulu esifundeni seentaba ezisentshonalanga yeNyakatho neMelika, empumalanga nasenyakatho ne-Albania. Kodwa-ke, njengoba sesishilo, inani eliphelele alidluli kuma-50.
• EBulgaria, lesi silwane kwathiwa siyinyama ngo-1985, kepha saqhubeka nokubhekwa ngo-1990s. Ngo-2006, kwenziwa ukuqoshwa komsindo ngokuqanjwa kwabantu ezintabeni zaseStrandja eningizimu-mpumalanga yezwe. Lokho wukuthi, kungenzeka ukuthi inani labantu ngaleso sikhathi laqala ukululama.
• E-UK, lolu hlobo luthathwa njengoluphele eminyakeni engaba ngu-10 000 edlule ngemuva kokuqedwa kwamaqhwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, namuhla kunesifiso somuntu sokuvuselela kabusha i-Common Lynx kuleli lizwe ukuze kubuyiselwe isimo semvelo sokulawula kubantu ababulala izinyamazane ezingenazo izisulu zemvelo ezisele lapha.
• Ucwaningo lokuphazamiseka okungenzeka kokuphinde kwenziwe kabusha kwe-Eurasian Lynx eScotland kukhombisa ukuthi kunokudla okwanele nokudla kwendawo yokuhlala ukusekela inani labantu abakhona bezilwane ezingaphezu kuka-400.
• Cishe abantu abangu-130-200 bahlala eSlovenia, eCroatia, eBosnia naseHerzegovina. I-Eurasian Lynx yathathwa njengeyashabalala kula mazwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Kodwa-ke, kwenziwa ngempumelelo iphrojekthi yokuvuselela kabusha ngo-1973 lapho imibhangqwana emithathu evuthiwe ngokobulili ikhululwa eK Hornvsky Horn.
• Kukhona abantu abangaba yinkulungwane e-Estonia.
• E-Finoscandinavia, ikati lase lisondele ekuqothulweni ngawo-1930 kanye no-1950, kepha inani labantu lenyuka futhi ngenxa yezindlela zikahulumeni zokuvikela. Futhi manje cishe abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-2,5 bahlala eFinland, abangama-500 eNorway, abangu-1.5 abayizinkulungwane eSweden.
• I-Eurasian Lynx yabhujiswa ngokuphelele e-French Alps ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ngemuva kokuphinda kwethulwe kabusha kweLynx eFrance naseSwitzerland ngeminyaka yama-1970s, abaphangi bazaphinde babhaliswe lapha.
• Ikati yasendle yanyamalala eJalimane ngonyaka we-1850 yaphinde yenziwa kabusha yaba yihlathi laseBavaria kanye neHarz ngawo-1990s. Ezinye izindawo zahlalwa uLynx, owathutha evela eFrance naseCzech Republic. Ngo-2002, ukuzalwa kokuqala kwama-lynxes asendle kwamenyezelwa ezweni ngemuva kokumataniswa kwabantu ababili eHarz National Park. Kunabantu abaningi eSaxony Switzerland, iPalatinate Forest kanye neFichtelgebirge.
• Akunamaqembu amakhulu kakhulu ezilwane namuhla eziye zasinda noma zavuselelwa eLatvia, Lithuania, Belgium, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Italy nase-Ukraine.

Izici zokuziphatha

ILynx ingumbusi wesithathu omkhulu kunabo bonke eYurophu ngemuva kwebhere elinsundu kanye ne-wolf grey. Lesi yisilo esibucayi, esidla cishe amakhilogremu elilodwa noma amabili enyama nsuku zonke.

Ikati yasendle yase-Yurasian ikwazi ukwenza imisindo eminingana, kodwa imvamisa iziphatha buthule ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuzala. Iyakwazi ukucheba, ukukhala, ukuluma kanye ne-purr futhi, njengamakati asekhaya, "ukuxoxa" ngokudla inyamazane, okungatholakali okwamanje. Ukukhwelana okukhwelana kakhulu kuzwakala kakhulu, kuhlanganisa imisindo ejulile yokugunda kwabesilisa nabesifazane abakhaliphile abanjenge-"meow".

Ama-Lynxes ajwayelekile ayimfihlo, futhi njengoba imisindo ayenzayo ithule kakhulu futhi akuvamile ukuba izwakale, ubukhona bawo endaweni yokuhlala bungabonakala iminyaka eminingi. Izinsalela zezinyamazane noma imidwebo yezinyawo eqhweni zivame ukubonwa isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuthi isilwane sibonwe.

Isidlwengu sihlala endaweni enamaqhubu anezivunguvungu, sizinikeza izindawo zokukhosela eziningi namathuba okucasha ngesikhathi sokuphishekela. Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, ingaba ihlathi le-steppe, i-boral nehlathi lentaba. Ezingxenyeni ezisezintabeni ezengeziwe zohla lwazo, ikati yasendle yehlela emathafeni asezansi ebusika, ilandela inyamazane yayo futhi igwema izinyoka ezijulile.

Lezi zidlova, njengomthetho, azijwayelekile lapho izimpisi zihlala khona ngobuningi, ezibahlaselayo zize zizizingele. Emahlathini aseRussia, bancintisana kakhulu nezitha ze-Eurasian Lynx, kepha yilabo bantu abangenaso isikhathi sokucasha ezihlahleni kuphela abangakwazi ukubamba imihlambi.

Izibalo zeLynx ziyancipha lapho kuvela izimpisi esifundeni futhi kungenzeka zithole inyamazane encane lapho imihlambi isebenza khona.

Ama-Wolverines mhlawumbe angaba nenkani kakhulu yalezi zimbangi zamakati, ezihlala ziphanga inyamazane kaLynx, kanti nezitha zethu ziyasaba ezokuqala, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zingamelana nazo, zivikele kittens. Kunezimo zokuhlaselwa kwe-wolverine kubantu abadala, kepha ngokungafani namaphethelo wempisi, lokhu kuyivelakancane kakhulu.

Olunye ucwaningo olwenziwa eSweden lwathola ukuthi ekufeni kwabantu abangama-33 abakwaLynx kubantu ababukwayo, isilwane esisodwa kungenzeka sabulawa yi-wolverine. Elinye icala elidumile lokuhlaselwa komfel 'ukholo kumuntu omdala uLynx libonakale esifundeni soMfula iPhechora. Kulokhu, alikho nelilodwa icala elaziwa lapho leakati yasendle izingela i-wolverine.

Kwesinye isikhathi amahlosi aseSiberia ahlasela neLynx, njengoba kufakazelwa ngukutadisha okuqukethwe esiswini sezilwane eziyizidleke.

Ngakho-ke, abakwaLynxes bancintisana ngokudla kanye nezinyamazane ezichazwe ngenhla, kanjalo ne-fox ebomvu, isikhova sokhozi, ukhozi lwegolide, izingulube zasendle, nasengxenyeni eseningizimu yebanga laso, kanye nengwe yeqhwa nengwe.

Amabhere ama-brown, yize engekho, ngokwalokho okwaziwayo, abaqhudelana ngokudla nezitha zekati lase-Yuria, kodwa kwezinye izindawo kungahle kube nokulwa okuhlukile phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili.

Yize ama-Lynxes ajwayelekile akwazi ukuzingela phakathi nosuku inyamazane incane, izilwane ezihlukile kakhulu zidla ebusuku noma ebusuku kakhulu ezidla usuku zilele emathangeni aminyene noma kwezinye izindawo zokukhosela. Umuntu omdala uhlala ehlala yedwa.

Izindawo zokuzingela zesilo zingasukela kumamitha-skwele angama-20 kuye kwangama-450. km. kuya ngokuya kokukhiqizwa kwendawo.

Abesilisa, njengomthetho, bazingela ezindaweni ezinkudlwana kunezinsikazi ezihlala ezabo, hhayi ukunqwabelana, izizathu zokuzingela abesilisa.

I-Eurasian Lynx ingahamba ibanga elingamakhilomitha angama-20 ngobusuku obubodwa, yize kujwayelekile ukuthi inqobe uhhafu waleli banga ngosuku.

Izilokazana zihlala zihambahamba yonke imingcele yezindawo ezizingelayo zokuzingela, zisebenzisa izimpawu zephunga ukukhombisa ubukhona bazo kwabanye abantu. Njengamanye amakati, amathegi angenziwa ngamalongwe, umchamo noma amamaki, lapho okudala kusasele ezindaweni ezigqamile eceleni komugqa “wawo”.

Isabelo sokudla

Njengawo wonke amakati, i-Lynx iyisidleke esikhethekile esisebenzisa kakhulu izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane nezincane.

Kwezinhlobo zezinyamazane ezibhalisiwe zaloluhlobo kukhona ukuqasha, onogwaja, ama-marmot, ama-squirrels, ama-dormouse, ama-wolverines namanye amagundane, ama-midids (ngokwesibonelo, ama-martens, amasaka, amakholomu), izinyoni ze-grouse (i-capercaillie, i-grouse emnyama, i-hazel grouse), impungushe, i-boar yasendle, i-chamois, encane i-elk, i-roe deer, inyamazane ejwayelekile neyasenyakatho, inyamazane yedlozi, i-goral nezinye izikhova. Yize ukuzingela izilwane ezinkulu kuyingozi esilwaneni, ubungako bompango obuholayo buvama kakhulu kunezingozi.

Ngakho-ke, i-Lasix yase-Yurasi ithanda inyamazane enkulu engatheni, ikakhulukazi ebusika, lapho izilwane ezincane ziphela.

Le wukuphela kwezinhlobo zeLynx, lapho abantu abangatheni bakha ingxenye enkulu yokudla maqondana nama-lagomorphs (onogwaja, ama hares) noma ama-rodent.

Lapho kutholakala khona inyamazane, ziyizisulu ezikhethiweyo zamakati. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izinyamazane ziba ukudla okuthandayo, yize ehlobo ezidla ezinye zidla izilwane ezincane futhi kwesinye isikhathi izimvu ezifuywayo njalo.

Kwezinye izindawo zaseFinland, isisekelo sokudla kweCommon Lynx singumbethe omhlophe, ePoland nase-Austria kubomvu, eSwitzerland kungenzeka ukuthi yi-chamois engaphezulu.

Amakati asendle angadla ku-carrion uma kunesidingo, uma ezinye izinhlobo zokuphanga zingatholakali, yize ekhetha inyama entsha evela ezilwaneni.

Abantu abadala badinga ukusuka ku-1,1 kuye ku-2 kg wenyama ngosuku, futhi kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuthi isilo sidle ngokuphelele okungenani ingxenye yenyamazana yaso enkulu. Umhlaseli ubamba ama-hares kanye nonogwaja kanye ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, futhi kowesifazane ongcolile lokhu kuyinto evamile nsuku zonke.

Eduze kwesidumbu sesidwaba noma i-roe dee, isilwane singachitha isonto lonke sibamba iqhwa elingazange lidliwe emhlabathini, noma silele ngotshani, futhi lokhu kudidekile kangangokuba izindawo zokucasha ezinjalo zivame ukuthola izimbotshana nezinsika.

Lo mzingeli onenhlanhla uvame ukulandela ama-wolverines, angesabi ngisho nokuxosha umhlaseli kude nezidumbu ezintsha. Ijaha i-Lynx endaweni yayo yokuzingela nezimpungushe.

Ebusika, isembozo esikhulu seqhwa endaweni ehlala enyakatho siyasigcwalisa lesi simo, futhi isilwane singaphoqelelwa ukuba siguqukele kwizisulu ezinkulu.

Ukuzingela kwe-Eurasian Lynx, usebenzisa ukubona nokubuka, futhi kuvame ukukhuphuka amatshe aphezulu noma izihlahla eziwile ukuthola indawo ezungezile.

Njengoba ingumhlaseli oqinile kakhulu, lezi zilwane zibulala ngempumelelo inyamazane yabantu abadala enesisindo esingama-150 kg.

ILynx imvamisile ukuba ngumzingeli odwa, yize iqembu elincane labantu kwesinye isikhathi lingahamba futhi lizingele ndawonye.

Ama-subspecies aseNyakatho akhetha ukuzingela emahlathini aminyene ama-coniffort, ngezikhathi ezithile azulazula ehlathini-steppe nehlathi trundra. Ngaphezu kwamakhono amahle kakhulu we-acrobat, leli kati libhukuda elimangalisayo futhi lingumdobi.

Ebusika, akadideki yisembozo seqhwa, ngoba ukwakheka okukhethekile kwama-paws kumvumela ukuthi akwazi ukuhamba kalula ngaphandle kokuwela ekuqotheni.

Ngenkathi ebandayo, lesi silwane sihlasela izilwane ezifuywayo, kubandakanya amakati nezinja, futhi futhi asizideleli i-raccoon nezimpungushe. Kodwa-ke, umhlaseli uhlala ebulala izimpungushe kanye nama-martens, noma ngabe engalambile.

Indoda ayesesabi lesi silo; futhi azikho izigameko zokulandela kweLynx nokuhlasela kwabantu.

Ukuthomba nokuzala

Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwe-Lynx yase-Yurasi siqala ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Ephreli. Owesifazane, njengomthetho, ungena kuma-estrus kanye kuphela ngalesi sikhathi, esukela ezinsukwini ezine kuya kweziyisikhombisa, kepha uma udoti wokuqala ulahlekile, isikhathi sesibili se-estrus sivamile.

Ngokungafani neCanadian Lynx ehlobene kakhulu, izinhlobo zase-Yurasi, ngokusobala, azikwazi ukulawula indlela ezala ngayo ngokuya ngokutholakala kwezinyamazane. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba, ukondla ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu zalabo abangaba izisulu kunezakwethu, isilo sihlala sinethemba lokuthi sizokwazi ukondla inzalo yaso.

Owesilisa ushiya owesifazana masinyane nje ngemuva kokuzala.

Izinsikazi ezikhulelwe zakha izimbobo ezindaweni ezivikelekile, zivame ukuvikeleka ngamagatsha agudlukayo, izimpande zezihlahla, imigodi, noma ngaphansi kwemigwaqo yedwala. I-lair ingambozwa ngezimpaphe, izinwele zezinyoni notshani obomile ezansi ukunikeza izingane ngodoti onethezekile.

Umama okhulelwe phakathi nalesi sikhathi udla uhla lwezilwane eziningi kusuka emhlophe-tailed, red deer and reindeer, dee dee, chamois to the tinycane, ezifana hares, inhlanzi, izimpungushe, izimvu, squirrels, amagundane, turkeys nezinye izinyoni nezimbuzi. Ibuye idle amabanga, ama-voles kanye ne-hazel grouse.

Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sithatha izinsuku ezingama-67 kuye kwezingama-74 futhi kuholela ekuzalweni kwengane eyodwa kuya kwezine. Ama-kittens asanda kuzalwa mancane, isisindo sawo sisukela ku-240 kuya ku-430 amagremu, awaboni futhi awasizi ngalutho. Kuqala, amathole lawo anoboya obumpunga obumsundu obulula, afinyelela imibala egcwele yomuntu omdala eneminyaka engaba ngamasonto ayishumi nanye.

Amehlo angavula ngezinsuku eziyishumi kuya kweziyishumi nambili. AmaKittens ayakwazi ukudla ukudla okuqinile kusuka kumaviki ayisithupha kuya kwayisikhombisa, lapho eqala ukuphuma emgodini, kepha angakhathali ngokuphelele esifubeni sikamama ezinye izinyanga ezinhlanu noma eziyisithupha.

Umndeni uwushiya ngokuphelele umsele ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu kuzelwe, kodwa amaLynxes amancane avame ukuhlala nonina aze afike eminyakeni eyishumi (kuze kube isikhathi esilandelayo sokuzala).

I-Eurasian Lynx ifinyelela ukuvuthwa eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu futhi ikwazi ukuhlala ekudingisweni iminyaka engamashumi amabili nanye. Impilo endle incane.

ILynx ibhekwa njengenye yalezo zilwane ezingatholwa kalula, noma ngabe iduna noma insikazi endala ikhishwe ogibeni.

Ukujwayela abantu, umhlaseli uyakuvumela ukuthi uzidonse kanyekanye futhi ngasikhathi sinye ngokuhlanzayo, njengesilwane esijwayelekile.

Umuntu ubuye axhumane nekati elimazayo kalula, njengoba lezi zilwane zingalokothi zihlasele abantu.

Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke ochwepheshe abavumelana naleliqiniso.Ngakho-ke, udokotela wezilwane odumile waseRussia uSergei Ognev wayekholelwa ukuthi yize amacala okuhlasela kwabantu kweLynx eqabile, kodwa kusenzeka. Futhi uStennikov ongummeli wezemvelo, akasichazanga ngokweqile isigameko sokubulawa komzingeli endaweni yokuhamba ehlathini uLynx, okhethe unembeza wakhetha umuntu njengephango lakhe, akazange akuphike lokhu. Umbono wezazi zezokwelapha zaseCanada uMichael Stendale noStephen Deril uvumelana nephuzu lokubukwa kososayensi baseRussia.

Amaqiniso okusebenziseka kalula kwabantu kanye nokuqeqeshwa okuphumelelayo kweLynx kanye nochwepheshe be-circus bakubheka njengento exakile. Bavumelana ukuthi izilwane kwesinye isikhathi ziyakwazi ukuhlala eduze komuntu ekhaya, kepha bakhetha ukukhipha amabhubesi nezinhlosi enkundleni yemidlalo, beqinisekisa ukuthi kulukhuni ngokwengeziwe ukubamba i-Lynx, ngoba lezi zilwane azilindeleki futhi ngamabomu.

Ngakho-ke, udinga ukucabangisisa ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokuba nesilwane esifuyayo nesithanda inkululeko endlini. Okungenani, kufanele kulungiselelwe ukubiyelwa endaweni ebanzi, lapho isilwane singabekwa khona uma kwenzeka kuba yingozi kubantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcinwa kwesilwane esinjalo kubiza kakhulu kumnikazi, ngoba isilo sasendle sizodla kuphela inyama eluhlaza, hhayi ukudla okwomile okwenziwe ngomumo.

Ama-Lynxes ahlala ezindaweni eziningi zase-Europe nase-Asia zoo, ezindaweni ezigcinwe ezindaweni naseziqiwini zezwe. Ngakho-ke, muva nje kuzalwe udoti omusha wama-kittens eMoo State Zoo.

Ngingakwazi ukuthenga kitten ejwayelekile ye-Lynx

Lolu hlobo lwama-filing akulona olwokuqala ukusetshenziswa kweSivumelwano Sokuvikelwa Kwezilwane Zasendle, ngakho-ke ukutholakala kwawo ngokusemthethweni kusenokwenzeka.

Ezweni lethu kunezindawo zokufundisa ezikhethekile lapho ungathenga khona isilwane ngenani lama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-150. Kungcono ukukhetha izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu, zilula ukuzijabulisa.

Amaqiniso Ahehayo

I-Eurasian Lynx ibilokhu idonsela ukunaka komuntu obephatha lesi silo esiziqhenyayo ngenhlonipho nangentshisekelo. Lokhu kufakazelwa ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kwezithombe zomdlwenguli ku-heraldry, ngokwesibonelo, ezingalweni zamadolobha aseRussia i-Ust-Kubinsk neGomel.

E-Russia yasendulo, izicukuthwane ezicebile zaziphathwa nge-lynx yenyama, futhi izitsha zokudla zaziphekelwa etafuleni labaphathi nezikhulu njengezinto ezibizayo.

Kwakukholelwa ukuthi uma lesi silo sisika amakhekhe ezindlebeni, siyobe sizwa izindlebe.

Kuhlonishwa ukubonwa okungafani nalesi silo sasendle, elinye lamaqembu ezinkanyezi asemhlabeni ngo-1690 laqanjwa igama. Usosayensi uJan Govel wathi kunezinkanyezi ezincane kakhulu kuzo kangangokuba ngamehlo abomvu kuphela abakwaziyo ukuzazi nokuzazi.

AmaScandinavians abheka uLynx njengesilwane esizinikezelwe kunkulunkulukazi uFreyja. Kuzo zonke izithombe zasendulo, isilo siboshwe enqoleni yaso.

Kunekati elinamakhandlela ezindlebeni nakumaherie asendulo. Isilo sasifanekiselwa amajazi asendulo wezingalo ayefanekisela i-acuity ebonakalayo.

AmaMaine Coons, okwathi isikhathi eside abizwa ngokuthi amakati amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, ngokubheka kwabanye ochwepheshe, ehla ngqo kumaLynxes.

Igama elithi “lynx” laqhamuka kuCentral English laya esiLatini lisuka kwelesiGreek lisuselwa egameni le-Indo-European izimpande elithi “leuk” (“ukukhanya, ukukhanya”), elihambisana nokukhanya kwamehlo komhlaseli obonisa ukukhanya.

Amagama amadala waseBrithani Lynx afaka "Lugh" (Gaelic), "Llew" (Welsh) no "Lox" (isiNgisi esiphelelwe isikhathi).

I-Balkan lynx ibhekwa njengophawu lukazwelonke lweNyakatho Makedonia, kanye neRomania futhi iboniswa ngemuva kwezingadi zaseMakedoniya ezi-5.

Igama lesizwe saseMacedonia i-Linkestis lihunyushwa ngokuthi "Umhlaba weLynx."

Buka futhi ndoda

U-Lynx wayehlala endaweni enkudlwana kunale manje. Ukuzingela nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kuholele ekunciphiseni okukhulu kububanzi bawo. I-Lynx kudala yaba indondo yokuzingela eyamukelekayo, ngoba uboya balesi silwane babukwa kakhulu emakethe yoboya. Kwezinye izindawo, inyama ye-lynx ibhekwa njengokudla okumnandi. Namuhla bangabakwa-lynx. EYurophu, i-lynx yayisakazeke kakhulu, bese icishe inyamalala. Eminyakeni engama-20 eyedlule, lesi sidlwengu saqala ukuhlalwa ezindaweni ayehlala kuzo, sibamba amasimu ezinye izifundazwe, futhi sakhululwa ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi. Ensimini yaseRussia, lesi silwane sihlala siningi kakhulu, futhi kwezinye izindawo lapho i-lynx ijwayelekile, ingadala ukulimala emapulazini okuzingela abasebenza ngokuzalanisa izinyamazane, ama-roe deer, noma ama-pheasants. Ngokuvamile, njengabanye abahlukumezayo, i-lynx idlala indima ebalulekile yokuzalanisa endle.

Ikati leli alesabi izindawo eziseduzane nabantu, lapho kungalandelwa khona, lingavela emaphethelweni amadolobhana ngisho namadolobha.

Ama-lynxes amancane ayalungiswa kalula, kepha ashesha ukuguga, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukugcina leli kati likhulu ekhaya.

Ukusatshalaliswa nezindawo zokuhlala

I-Lynx yikati "elisenyakatho" kakhulu. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwe-lynx ejwayelekile ihlanganisa izifunda zehlathi nezintaba zaseYurophu, eSiberia, eCentral kanti, ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Asia Minor. Lesi isilwane sasehlathini, esithanda i-taiga emnyama ebunjiwe, yize sitholakala emahlathini ahlanganisiwe. Ngenxa yokubhujiswa kwamahlathi emathafeni, umngcele oseningizimu webanga emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka adlule uhambise ama-200 ukuya kwangama-300 km enyakatho.

Ukubukeka kanye ne-morphology

Ama-Lynxes angabameli bokuqala bomndeni wekati, ngokungafani nanoma yikuphi okunye. Cishe kuwo wonke amakati, imizimba yabo iyaphawuleka, izidalo zazo zifinyeziwe, kepha i-lynx, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inomzimba omfishane nemilenze eqinile. Izinwele ezintekenteke emilenzeni eyindilinga ye-shaggy ikhula ngisho naphakathi kwezandla. Ubude bomzimba we-lynx buyi-82-105 cm, umsila - 20-31-31 cm, isisindo 8- 15, kuyaqabukela kufinyelele kuma-20 kg. Abesilisa bakhulu ngandlela-thile kunabesifazane. Ikhanda elinezinwele eziphakeme ezinhlangothini zesizeleko, lakha "amakhovu", eziqongweni zezindlebe - amabhulashi abhekene nawo. Umsila umfushane, sengathi unqunywe ekugcineni. Ijazi likhulu kakhulu, lithambile, ikakhulukazi ebusika. Umbala womzimba ongaphezulu nekhanda ulawulwa ngamathoni abomvu namlotha, phansi kumhlophe, amabala amancanyana asabalale emzimbeni wonke. Ihlobo lasehlobo lifushane futhi liqinile kunobusika, linemibala kakhulu, linamabala achazwe ngokucacile. Umsila uhlala unompipi omnyama, amakhekhe ezindlebeni nawo amnyama. Kuma-lynxes asenyakatho, umbala ufana kakhulu futhi uyathambile, kuma-lynxes ahlala eningizimu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umbala uqhakazile, unendawo ebonakalayo.

Kwezitho zomqondo eziku-lynx, umbono nokuzwa kukhula kangcono kakhulu. I-Lynx iyakwazi ukwahlukanisa imibala nemibala yokukhanya kwayo. Lesi sidlova sizwa umvundla uhlafuna ihlumela ngamamitha ayi-100. Umuzwa wokuhogela awunamandla, kepha uma ulanda umkhondo omusha we-lynx ungathola inyamazane yawo.

Indlela Yokuphila Nokuziphatha Komphakathi

I-Lynx isilwane esifunda ezweni. Ukufuduka okubanzi akujwayelekile kuye: lapho kukhona khona inyamazane eningi, lesi silo sihlala sizinzile impela. Indawo ephakathi nendawo ye-lynx eYurophu isukela kumahektare ayi-15 kuye kwangama-25; kwamanye amadoda ifinyelela kumahektare angama-30 nangaphezulu. Izindawo zezinsikazi zincane futhi zigqagqana ngezigaba zabesilisa. Uma kwenzeka kunokuntuleka kokudla, ama-lynxes ashiya amakhaya awo, aqale ukuzulazula futhi angavela kude kakhulu nasehlathini. Imvamisa, ukufuduka okunjalo kwabazingeli kwenzeka ngezikhathi zokucindezelwa, okuyisisekelo sokudla okune-lynx.

Ngaphakathi kwendawo, isilwane ngasinye sinemizila eminingana eyintandokazi, izindawo zokuphumula nokuzingela, lapho sivela khona kaningi. Ixhunywe yisistimu yezinguquko ezisetshenziswa njalo, lezi zindawo, kanye nemingcele yendawo, kumakwe umchamo, kanye neziqu kufafaza iziqu zomuthi ngayo.

Izindawo zokuhlala zeLynx zitholakala ezindaweni ezivikeleke kakhulu: izindawo ezikude zehlathi ezinezivunguvungu zomoya, iziqhingi ezinde phakathi kwezindawo zokubhukuda. I-lair ngokwayo ihlala ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla eziwile, kwesinye isikhathi endaweni ephansi etholakala endaweni ephakeme, ezilinganisweni eziphakathi kwamatshe. Okwezitaki zesikhashana, umhlaseli ukhetha izindawo ezinokubonakala okuhle: isiqu somuthi othambekele, itshe elikhulu.

Ngesikhathi soshintsho, isilo sihamba esilinganisweni esilinganiselwe esingu-40-50 cm, ngenkathi sisisebenzisa sinqoba izithiyo kalula. Ukuphakama kwesithwathwa seqhwa kufika ku-50 cm akuphazamisi ukuhamba kwe-lynx, lapho iqhwa eliningi liwela, umhlaseli uqala ukusebenzisa izindlela zezinye izilwane, amathrekhi amadala, imigwaqo, neqhwa emifuleni. Ukushona kwezingane emizileni yasebusika kuhamba ngokushesha ngemuva kukamama, kube sengathi kunyathela umkhondo ekhondweni.

Ukudla okunempilo nokudla okuphakelayo

Njengawo wonke amakati, i-lynx iyisisulu esikhethekile. Isisekelo sokudla kwaso yizilwane ezisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo: izilwane ezincane ezingabizi (ama-roe deer, ama-musk deer, ama-goral, ama-deer namawundlu awo), ama-hares kanye ne-grouse (i-capercaillie, i-grouse emnyama, i-hazel grouse). I-lynx ivame ukubamba izinduku ezincane nezinyoni. Ngaphambi kokuthi leli katsi liwe, umzingeli omncane, ukhetha inyama yezilwane ezibulewe nguye.

Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo ethandwayo, i-lynx ayikaze igxume inyamazane yayo isuka esihlahleni, yize igibela izihlahla kahle. Lesi silo sithanda ukuwela kuso buthule, ngokuqapha okungaphezu kokuvamile, bese sihlasela ngokuxhuma okukhulu. Esikhathini esiningi, ubheka ngesineke inyamazane engahle ibambise lapho kuqhamuka khona umgwaqo.

I-Lynx idla kancane impela - indlela ejwayelekile yansuku zonke icishe ibe yikhilogremu nenyama yenyama enamathambo. Imvamisa, isilwane esidala sibamba futhi sidle umvundla njalo ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuya kwezi-2; isifinyezo sosizi lokudla esanele ngosuku olulodwa. Eduze kwenyamazane ebulewe, i-lynx ihlala isikhathi esingangesonto, futhi eduze kwalapho inyamazane ihlasela khona - isikhathi eside. Umhlaseli wemba izinsalela ezingabonakali zezinyamazane ngeqhwa noma ngomhlaba nangotshani, kepha ingabe uyaconsa kangangokuba "umngcwabo" waso udonswa ngokushesha ngabazingeli abancane - abasebenza, amakholamu. Ukuze uthole i-trot, okokuhola ophumelela kakhudlwana, i-wolverine iyahamba futhi kwesinye isikhathi imxosha kumdlalo osanda kubanjwa. ILynx ngokwayo ivame ukujaha izimpungushe, ingazivumeli ukuba zizingele esizeni sayo.

Ukuzala nokukhulisa inzalo

Isikhathi sokulungela ukusebenza kuma-lynxes siba ngoFebhuwari - Mashi. Abesilisa abaningana bangalandela owesifazana ku-estrus, okuthi phakathi kwabo kube nokulwa okunobudlova ngezikhathi ezithile. I-lair lapho ama-kittens kufanele avele khona ivame ukufakwa ezintanjeni zezinyoni, izinwele ezingadalulwanga, notshani obomile buyangezelelwa kulokhu. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-63-70. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa (ngokuvamile 2-3) zivela ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kukaJuni, kuya ngobubanzi bendawo yendawo. Isisindo sezintwana lapho zizalwa zingama-250- 300 amagremu, ziyizimpumputhe, izimbobo ezivulekile ziqiniswa ngesikhumba. Zonke izinkathazo ngenzalo iwela ngokuphelele kowesifazane, owesilisa akabambi iqhaza ekukhuliseni amazinyane. Umama ukhonkotha amantshontsho, agcine isidleke sihlanzekile, futhi aphambukise izilwane ezidla ezinye esidlekeni. Izinyanga ezimbili zokuqala zokudla kwe-lynx cishe ngobisi kuphela. Ngalesi sikhathi, sebeqedela ukwakheka kwamazinyo obisi, futhi baqala ukubumbana ngenxa yenyama elethwe ngumama, kepha ukuncelisa ubisi kuyaqhubeka izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngesikhathi sezinyanga ezintathu, amakati ashiya umhume alandele umama wawo yonke indawo.

Ithoni yombala ejwayelekile yezinsizwa, ebonakalayo ivezwa kuma-paws kuphela. Amakhethini “amadala” akhula kuphela lapho izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye, “amathangi” namakhekhe asezindlebeni akhula ngokuphelele kuphela kulolynes ononyaka owodwa nengxenye. Umndeni uphikelela kuze kube yilapho kuqala inkathi elandelayo, futhi amakati aqhubeka nokuhlala eqenjini elilodwa futhi ngemuva kwabantu abadala, elungele ukuvuthwa, awaxoshe. Uma insikazi ingazalanga amawundlu kulo nyaka, sonke isizalo esedlule sihlala naye izinyanga eziningi. Ama-Lynxes avuthwa ngokocansi eneminyaka engu-1.5-2.

Isikhathi sokuphila

Kunezimo lapho ama-lynxes ephila iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20, ngokwemvelo, isikhathi sokuphila singaphansi: iminyaka eyi-10-15.

Ama-Lynxes agcinwe endaweni yaseMosco Zoo selokhu yaqala ukwenziwa. Lobuhle obunemilenze emide buhlala budonsela ukunaka kwezivakashi, zihambahamba ezindaweni zazo ezifakwa kwi-Old Territory emugqeni wekati eduze neGiraffe Pavilion. Kuliqiniso, ukubona i-lynx akuwona neze umsebenzi olula njengoba kubonakala. Amakati ethu asebusweni, kanti manje ama-lynxes ambalwa ahlala e-zoo, aphuma kusihlwa, kusihlwa. Izilwane zithanda ukuchitha ingxenye yokuqala yosuku emashalofini - ama-niches - nakulamakhalkoni ngayinye endaweni yayo yezindiza. Lapho, lapho bezungeze okombhede othobekile, balala ngokuthula, ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela bavula amehlo abo futhi bavilaphazelele ukubuka impahla. Yini abayithandayo? ungacabanga ukuthi izivakashi zinephutha. Ngisho kubagcini, abahlanze indawo ebiyelwe futhi balethe ukudla nsuku zonke, ama-lynxes ethu angaphezulu kokupholile. Bazothola, kepha abasheshanga ngokubonisa imizwa efudumele. Ngenjabulo enkulu kakhulu, amakati abukela ondlunkulu abanomsindo bengena emgodini ngethemba lokwenza inzuzo. Izimenywa ezifakiwe zinengozi yokufa, ngoba, ikati elikhulu leli ngentokozo futhi lizizingela ngobuhlakani. Ukuze izilwane zethu ezifuywayo zingabi nesithukuthezi, izisebenzi ngezikhathi ezithile zifaka amathoyizi ahlukahlukene ezindizeni. Kepha amakati asekhaya, akhulu kuphela ngosayizi. Kodwa-ke, insikazi yethu idlala kangcono kakhulu ngamathanga ... ajwayelekile! Ngobumnandi buzihlafuna zibe yimvuthuluka emincane. Owesilisa ungowobuningi bezokuzijabulisa eziphakanyisiwe ezipholile. Esikhathini esedlule, abagcini baqala ukuziqeqesha ne-lynx yethu besebenzisa inqubo ekhethekile. Ukusuka ngaphandle, kufana nomdlalo - umuntu, omi eduze kwasendaweni yezimoto, unikeza isigceme sakhe into ebekwe phezu kwenduku ende - ilitshe (kusuka kwelitshe lesiNgisi - ilitshe, ilitshe). Kithi, bekuyibhola enjoloba. Isilo bekufanele sithinte kalula ibhola ngengxenye ethile yomzimba, lapho sathola khona isikhuthazo. Ngemuva kwalokho ukulengiswa okufanayo kwethulwe kakade ngaphakathi. Isilwane bekufanele siphindaphinde isenzo saso, singene ngaphakathi kulokhu. Inhloso yalawa makilasi bekungekhona ukuqeqesha ikati, kodwa ukwenza lula umsebenzi wabahlaseli ngawo, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuchaza isilwane ukuthi yisiphi isenzo esidingekayo kukho.

Ngabe udlani i-lynx?

Photo: Lynx

Uma kunokudla okuningi endaweni, i-lynx ihola impilo yokuhlala. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele azulazule efuna ukudla.

Isisekelo sokudla kwe-lynx kwesinye isikhathi sakhiwa:

I-Lynx iyazingela, ngokungahambisani nayo yonke imibono ngayo, hhayi ukugxumela isisulu esihlahleni, kodwa ukuyibeka phansi. I-Ambush yindlela yekati ayithandayo yokuzingela. Ubuye athande ukuleqa isisulu eduze ngangokunokwenzeka, bese emjaha ngejubane lombani, ukuze akhulume ukumfihla. I-Lynx ingacasha ngemuva kweziqu, iziqu zezihlahla eziwile, futhi ihlasela, yenze kuzuba olukhulu, ubude obungu-4 m.

Akaphishekeli inyamazane yakhe isikhathi eside, uma egijima ngo-60-80 m, ikati liyaphela. Kepha lokhu kuvame ukwenele ukubamba isilwane esixegayo. Uma ukuhlaselwa kwehlulekile, i-lynx ethukuthele izokwenza elinye idlanzana lokugxuma emva kwayo ime. Kwesinye isikhathi inyamazane ibulala izilwane ezincane ezithwele uboya ngenxa nje yokuzijabulisa.

Ishaya isisulu esikhulu phambi komzimba, sinamathele emphinjeni noma entanjeni ngezihlakala, silethe isilwane esibuhlungu. Isilo esilimele singadonsela ikati isikhashana, size siphelelwe ngumusi. Ngesinye isikhathi, i-lynx ayidli inyama eningi, ifihla inqwaba yayo lapho igcinwe khona.

Ngakho-ke inyamazane ebulewe yanele kumuntu omdala izinsuku ezi-4, i-reindeer cishe amasonto amabili, kanye nomhlanga ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3 kuphela. Amakati awazi ngempela ukuthi angafihla kanjani inyamazane yawo, afafaza ngokushesha ngeqhwa namahlamvu. Ngakho-ke, izilwane ezincane zivame ukuzikhipha ngaphambi kokuba ikati uqobo libuyele ukuzodla izinsalela zomkhosi.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Isithombe: I-Wild Lynx

I-Lynx ngumzingeli wobusuku. Uyacasha ngesikhathi sasemini, kuthi lapho sekuhlwa ashiye indawo yakhe yokucasha. I-Lynx ijwayele ukukhetha imisele, izimpungushe noma amabheji njengendawo yokuphumula. Uma zingekho, noma iyiphi i-crevice edwaleni, umgodi, igatsha lesihlahla eside noma uthango olungengeneki luyakwenza. I-lynx isondela endaweni lapho ilala khona ngokucophelela ukuze ingashiyi noma imuphi umkhondo, igxumela lapho ikude, ilingise ukungabi khona kwayo ngendlela enjalo.

Lesi silwane sisinda ngokuphelele phakathi kwezinyoka, uma kunesisulu esanele. Ngenxa yengubo yayo enebala, i-lynx ingafihla kalula emiqhele yezihlahla kusihlwa noma ekuntweleni kokusa. Umdlalo we-glare yelanga uvumela umhlaseli ukuba afihle uboya bawo obugqamile besisulu.

I-Lynx isilwane esiqaphile, kepha ayesabi abantu kakhulu. Imvamisa ihlala emahlathini wesibili akhiwe ngesandla somuntu. Eminyakeni yendlala, ikati ifika ngisho nasemizaneni nasemadolobheni amancane.Isilwane esihlaselayo asihlaseli abantu kuphela uma silimele noma sivikela amawundlu. Nakuba lokho kungase kubangele umonakalo abalulekile, it has izimpiko enamandla nemihlathi.

Lynx kubhekwa nomzingeli eziyingozi, nakuba, efana a impisi, ngenzuzo Kunalokho, ukubulala izilwane ugula futhi ubuthaka. Izazi zezilwane zaseRussia zithi azikho izehlakalo ezaziwayo zokuhlaselwa kwe-lynx esintwini. Kuyamangalisa-ke, ngoba nomuntu wesilisa omdala kalula aphambane umalusi oqeqeshiwe, okuyinto kabili njengoba esindayo njengoba kuye.

Ngokusho yonke idatha engokomzimba, ama-lynx kungase ukuhlasela kahle umuntu, kodwa asipheli. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kwakukhona izimo lapho i-lynx yayilawulwa kalula ngumuntu. Wokutakulwa isicupho, amakati abangu wawazi kahle phakathi kwabantu kangangokuthi babezimisele wangena ezingalweni zabo purred nge ukubhonga motor.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Photo: Lynx yekati

Indlela yokuphila ye-Lynx iyodwa. Nokho, ekupheleni kuka Februwari kwesikhathi rutting iqala, nabo bonke abantu baqala ukucinga inkampani. Ngokuvamile amakati buthule, uqale Meow, Ukuduma komsindo ziklabalase eziningi. Ngesikhathi se-estrus, abesilisa abaningana bangaya kowesifazane ngasikhathi sinye. Yikuphi ngokuvamile kuphakamisa izimpi enobudlova phakathi kwazo.

Lapho Ukhetha zesifazane umngane womshado, baqala ukubonisa nomunye izimpawu ukunakwa: lapho behlangana, "Butt" emabunzini abo, ehogela amakhala abo. Kepha ukubonakaliswa okukhulu kwemizwa ukukhotha izinwele zomlingani wakho. Ngo emgodini, lapho i-lynx yase maduze avele, phansi uphahlwe ngokucophelela. Ngenxa yalesi, insikazi ukusetshenziswa inyoni izimpaphe, izinwele ungulate futhi utshani obomile.

Ukukhulelwa kufushane - kuphela izinsuku ezingama-60-70, ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - Kwangathi kuqhamuka isifaca. Ngokuvamile 2-3 amazinyane zizalwa, enesisindo 250-300 g. Ziyakwazi yisithulu phumputheka. Zonke okhathazeke ngenhlalakahle inzalo kukhona ibhizinisi kamama. Uqinisekisa ukuthi bayafudumala, bahlanza imfucumfucu, izikhotha futhi bondle i-lynx, baxosha izinyamazane esidlekeni.

Kwaphela izinyanga ezimbili, izingane ukudla ubisi lwebele, futhi ngemva kwalesi sikhathi banayo amazinyo. Ngemva kwalokho, bakwazi kakade pussycat inyama ukuba unina kuletha, kodwa ubisi usaqhubeka ukudlala indima ebalulekile ekudleni kwabo. Ezinyangeni ezintathu, izingane ziphuma esidlekeni ziye nomaphi lapho zesifazane.

Amazinyane ngalesi sikhathi akuzona into efana nonina. noboya wabo brown ukukhanya, ne inombolo encane izilongotshane. Futhi amabhulashi abo kanye namapheya azovela unyaka owodwa nesigamu kuphela. Umndeni kuyoba nolimi kuze olandelayo rutting isizini. Khona-ke lona liyoshwabadelwa ukushiya lynxes, kepha basazothola banamathelane isikhashana.

Uma ukukhulelwa kungenzeki ngonyaka olandelayo, insikazi ingahlala namakati kulo nyaka wonke kuze kube yilapho sebekhule ngokuphelele. Lynx ifinyelela ekuthombeni eminyakeni 1.5-2. Futhi isilinganiso sobude bokuphila ikati sisonke imayelana iminyaka engu-15. Ekudingisweni, angaphila iminyaka engama-25.

Izitha zemvelo yama-lynx ase

Photo: Lynx eRussia

Ngaphezu kwendoda echithe iminyaka eminingi iqothula i-lynx, inezitha zemvelo futhi.

Okokuqala, lawa wonke amanye yamakati amakhulu:

Ebusika, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni elambile, ingozi enkulu ikati engenabantu kuyinto iphakethe kwezimpisi. Bazungeza isisulu sabo futhi badwengula ngogazi izihlakala. Uma i-lynx yase ihlangana impisi ubuso nobuso, enendawo zonke ithuba okuvimbela kuye, kodwa yena amandla kawakho wonke umhlambi.

Emphini inyamazane, a-lynx yase-kungenziwa yahlulwa nilwe tiger noma iqhwa ingwe. Zingalwa naye ngokuphanga esebulewe ikati, futhi imvamisa i-lynx ibaleka ezimeni ezinjalo. Kungenxa yezizathu ezifanayo nezethu, Wolverines ezibhekwa isitha sakhe. Izilwane, nakuba amancane, kodwa uhlupho cat kakhulu, njengoba bona bayakwazi axoshe nomzingeli emikhulu esisulwini yabo.

Kepha ama-lynxes amancane angaba isisulu saso noma yisiphi isisulu esikhulu ngokwaso. Akukhona nje Izimpungushe, izimpisi nezinye amakati ozama ukungena isidleke umndeni, kodwa futhi uthela. Nokho, owesifazane akuvamile eshiya amazinyane Ruhama, * wakhulelwa ngamandla ivikela kuwo kunoma iyiphi izivakashi bengamenyiwe.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Photo: Lynx ehlathini

Lynx kuyinto into osekukade fur ukuhweba, isifiso sokuthola uboya bayo eyigugu namanje ekujabulisayo izinhliziyo abazingela ngokungemthetho futhi abazingeli. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, izikhumba zalezi zikati ezinhle zidlulele ezigqokeni nasejokeni loboya. Yebo, futhi akazange like lynxes, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi akuvamile nezilwane, kanye nabantu ngokwabo wathinta. Konke lokhu kwaholela nokuqothulwa ngokuphelele.

Emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, iLynx iyinhlobo engandile. Naphezu Ukuvikelwa nemizamo ukubuyisa le uhlanga womhlaba, kuba sengcupheni. Lolu hlobo is ezisohlwini eMoscow Red Book, ke waklonyeliswa degree 1st. Kusukela eduze komngcele oseningizimu wesifunda saseMoscow lesi silwane sisekupheleni kokuqothulwa.

Nokho, ngokuvamile, lynx kuvamile impela eRussia. Kwamanye amazwe, isimo sasihluke ngokuphelele. ENhlonhlweni yeBalkan kukhona abantu abambalwa kuphela. EJalimane, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, lwaseBavaria Forest futhi Harz abangu kabusha ugcwale lezi zilwane.

I eziningi kunazo zonke, ngaphandle laseSiberia, Itholakala ku Carpathians. Kukhona abantu abangaba ngu-2200. Ngo Belarus, 1,000 lynxes bahlala Belovezhskaya Pushcha futhi Tatra Mountains. Cishe 2,500 izilwane zitholakala eNhlonhlweni zaseScandinavia. EFrance, ama-lynxes aqothulwa futhi ngo-1900 aphinda alethwa kumaPyrenees naseVosges. Switzerland kabusha ugcwale lynxes ezivamile ngo-1915, futhi kusukela lapho basakazekela Austria neSlovenia.

Lynx unogada

Photo: Lynx Red Book

Isibalo amakati okuzingela kuyehla hhayi kuphela ngenxa nokuqothulwa mechanical, kodwa futhi ngenxa ukubhujiswa izindawo zayo: ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, kuqothulwe umdlalo.

Conservation izinyathelo for labantu lynx yase yilezi:

• Imigomo yokuzingela eqinile yalezi zilwane,
• Ukulondolozwa biotopes ngefomu yabo yokuqala,
• Ukukhathazeka ukongiwa feed yayo imithombo: onogwaja, Roe izinyamazane,
• Ukuncishiswa Kwe-Wolf Pack
• Umzabalazo okusebenzayo ukuzingela ngokungemthetho ukudoba izihibe, avamise esibambile lynxes.

A ngomusa isilwane eside ezinemilenze i-lynx, Ayimkhangi futhi owuthanda. Akumangalisi ezikhathini zasendulo wayengumhlali isilwane totem phakathi lwamaSlav. Eminye imithombo ikhuluma nangokufana phakathi kwamagama athi “lynx” nelithi “Russia”. Ngo Gomel, lokhu cat ihlathi namanje uphawu esemqoka yedolobha. Okuyingozi futhi ashesha, kepha hhayi ngaphandle umusa umusa, lokhu cat Sinesithakazelo esikhulu ngokwesayensi. Ukusindisa isilwane esihle kangaka futhi wandise inani laso kungumsebenzi wokuqala womuntu namuhla.