I-cari ye-Koi noma i-brosha ye-carp iyisitatimende esingajwayelekile somndeni we-carp. Ngokuqondile, i-carp efanayo, itholakala kuphela ngokukhetha ukukhetha okuqinile. Ama-Koi abhekwa njengalezo zinhlanzi kuphela ezidlule ekuzaleni okuyi-6 futhi ngokubukeka zihlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo kanye namazinga, phakathi kwazo lapho ukunakwa okuyinhloko kukhokhelwa khona ngokulingana kwekhanda namaphini emzimbeni, ukuhlanganiswa nosayizi wezindawo zemibala, impilo yomuntu ngamunye.
Kunezinhlobo ezifika ku-100 ze-koi, kepha ngamaqembu ayi-16 kuphela aqavile: kohaku, tante, asagi, ogon, becco, utsurimono, koromo, kavarimono, kinginrin, gosiki, hikari-moemono, sathinii, doitsu-gori, kumonryu, seva sanseku, taisa sanseku .
Izidumbu zeBrocade zibhekwa njengezichibi kunokuba zinhlanzi ze-aquarium, njengoba usayizi wazo ungafinyelela ku-90cm. EJapan, ama-koi eqiniso abhekwa njengezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezinobukhulu okungenani bama-70 cm. Isikhathi sokuphila kwe-koi naso sibalulekile - ngokusho kweminye imithombo, lezi zinhlanzi ziyakwazi ukuphila iminyaka engaphezu kuka-70. Kodwa-ke, imvamisa ama-aquarists amaningi awakuhlanganisi ukubaluleka ezintweni ezibalulekile empilweni ezintofontofo zezidumbu, futhi ngenxa yalokho akholelwa ukuthi isikhathi sabo sokuphila esijwayelekile singaba yiminyaka engama-30.
Izimo
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-carp koi ayithathwa njengengabizi kakhulu futhi imnandi ekugcinweni kwezinhlanzi, lokhu kukude kakhulu nohlobo lapho kufaneleka khona ukuqala okusha ukuthi kuthuthukiswe ama-aquaristics.
Okokuqala - ubukhulu be-aquarium noma echibini. Umthamo omncane we-aquarium umbhangqwana wabantu abadala ungu-1000 l, echibini ukujula kungabi ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-1.5, futhi uma ubusika bufanele ukubonwa echibini, khona-ke kufanele lenyuswe libe ngu-1.7-2 m.
I-aeration efanelekile nokuhlungwa kwamanzi e-aquarium nasechibini. Ngokuphathelene nokwesibili: ehlobo, izifutho kufanele zehliselwe ezansi futhi nokunikezwa komoya kufanele kwandiswe, ngoba ebusika kufanele ziphakanyiselwe endaweni ephakeme cishe ngama-80cm bese umfudlana kufanele wehliswe.
Izihlungi zokuhlanza kufanele zikhethwe ezinamandla, zangaphandle, ngokuhlanza okuyizigaba ezimbili zokuhlanza. Ubungako besihlungi emachibini bubalwa kanjena - indawo engaphezulu yesihlungi icishe ibe ngama-30% wendawo echibini. Emachibini amancane, ukuhlunga kufanele kwenzeke umjikelezo ogcwele cishe izikhathi ezingama-5-6, futhi emachibini amakhulu umjikelezo owodwa ogcwele uzokwanela Ungathemba ukuthi ichibi "lizokwenza njalo", ichibi lingamanzi avaliwe, angagelezi lapho amanzi egwinya khona ngokushesha, kanti ama-koi ayizinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidala imfucuza eningi.
Kufanele futhi uqaphe ngokucophelela izinga lokushisa. I-Optimum - 20-25 ° C, iyabekezelela - 4-30 ° C, kepha kuphela uma izinzile. Noma yiliphi izinga lokushisa elibukhali liyayithinta kabi i-koi futhi liholele ekufeni okungajabulisi kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Uma, nganoma yisiphi isizathu, udinga ukushintsha amazinga okushisa amanzi esethangi, khumbula ukuthi kuvunyelwe ukuwehlisa kungabi ngaphezu kuka-3 ° C ngosuku, bese ukwandisa kungadluli kuka-5 ° C.
I-acidity yamanzi kufanele ibe ngaphakathi kwe-7рН, ubunzima buphansi - 3-7 ° dH.
Izinguquko zamanzi zenziwa njalo ngesonto, esikhundleni se-10% yevolumu. Lo mthetho uyasebenza ezindaweni zasemanzini nasemachibini.
Ukukhanya kukhanya kakhulu noma kusesilinganisweni, kepha ukukhanya kuyaphazamiseka, ngaphandle kwemisebe eqondile. Izichibi zasehlobo kumele zibe nomthunzi ngokwengxenye. Ukuchayeka njalo elangeni eliqondile kungalimaza kakhulu impilo ye-koi carps.
Inhlabathi yamachibi kanye nezindawo zasemanzini nge-koi kumele zikhethwe zizungezwe kahle, ngaphandle kwemiphetho ebukhali, njengoba inhlanzi ithanda ukuyivimba futhi ingalimala.
Izitshalo zidinga ukulungiswa kahle ezansi noma zikhethe izinhlobo zezitshalo ezina izimpande kahle, ngaphandle kwalokho zizokwembulwa ngokungafanele. Akufanele weqe amanzi amaningi echibini noma echibini nge-catade catfish enezitshalo ze-aquarium, kunconywa ukushiya ingxenye yaphansi yamahhala.
Esimweni lapho uthutha i-koi noma ubathutha okwesikhashana, kunconywa ukumboza amathangi namachibi ngesivalo endaweni yokuqala, ngaphandle kwalokho inhlanzi ingagxuma iphume.
Ukondla
Lapho usuthisa izidumbu ze-koi, kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi ukudla okuhlukahlukene kuyahluka futhi kuyalingana. Ukudla okubukhoma nokuqandisiwe (ama-bloodworms, ama-Earthworms, i-artemia, ama-frog roe) nokuphakelwa kwezimboni ezikhethekile zezidumbu kufanelekile njengokudla. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwemifino kwamukelekile.
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi kaningi ekuphakelweni kwezimboni kukhona isithuthukisi sombala, ukudla okunjalo kunganikezwa izinhlanzi ezindala, kepha ezilwaneni ezincane kungcono ukukhetha enye into, ngoba izithuthukisi zithinta kabi isibindi esibuthaka futhi zingalimaza impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo.
Inani lokuphakelwa ngosuku kuncike ekushiseni kwamafutha (amanzi). Lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu, okufuze kakhulu ukondla kuyadingeka. Uma izinga lokushisa lingaphezulu kwama-23 ° C, khona-ke ukondla kwenziwa kathathu noma kane phakathi nosuku, 18-23 ° C - kabili ngosuku, 10-18 ° C - kanye, mhlawumbe ekuseni. Lapho izinga lokushisa lehlika ngaphansi kuka-8 ° C, kungcono ukungavumi ukondla, ngoba ukudla esiswini se-koi akugaywa.
Ukuzala
Ukuzalaniswa kwezidumbu ze-koi kungenzeka kuphela lapho kugcinwa emachibini, futhi ngisho nalapho kuphela ngemuva kokudala izimo ezidingekayo, eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kwezemvelo. Yilezo zinhlanzi kuphela ezifike kusayizi wama-23 cm noma ngaphezulu ezikwazi ukuphuma. Abesilisa baba ngabakhiqizi beminyaka engu-2-3 yobudala, abesifazane bavuthwa ukukhula kobulili kungekudala - ngeminyaka engu-3-4. Kunzima ukwahlukanisa owesilisa kusuka ku-koi yowesifazane osetshenzisiwe, ikakhulukazi abalimi abahlukanisa ngesakhiwo se-anus.
Isisusa sokuqhakaza ukwehla kancane kancane, bese kuthi ukwanda kokushisa kwamanzi. Uma i-koi ifihliwe ngo-10 ° C, khona-ke ukuqhekeka kuzoqala ngo-17-18 ° C, uma kugcinwa emanzini afudumele, ngokulandelana, izinga lokushisa lokuqhakaza lizoba ngaphezulu. Ukuvuthwa kwe-caviar kowesifazane kuya ngokushisa - lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu, ukuvuthwa okusheshayo kwenzeka.
Izidumbu ziqubuka emanzini angajulile, ngakho-ke uma ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile bahlala echibini elijulile, khona-ke uma bezalaniswa bazodinga ithangi elihlukile nelinokuphakama okungaba ngu-80 cm, elinomugqa omncane onamanzi namanzi afudumele kakhulu, ngaphambili owathola kahle usuku. Qinisekisa ukumboza indawo enwebekayo kusuka phezulu ngensimbi evikela ukuthi izinhlanzi zingagxili ngengozi.
Ukusakazeka kwenzeka kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezimbili ngemuva kokuthi abakhiqizi bebekwe emhlabathini wokuqhuma. Uma ukunwetshwa kungenzakalanga, izinhlanzi azikakulungeli futhi kufanele zibuyiselwe endaweni yazo evamile. Uma ukunwetshwa kuphumelele, khona-ke abesilisa babuyiselwa echibini elijwayelekile, kepha insikazi kufanele igcinwe yodwa izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Izizathu ezinwebayo ngomthunzi we-caviar, zandisa i-aeration ngokucophelela. Hatching kwenzeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili. Kudingeka ezinye izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze izibungu ziphenduke ifry. Ukudla okuqala kwalolu gayi “uthuli oluphilayo”, ama-ciliates, ama-rotifers, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, obiliswe iqanda leqanda elibilisiwe. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, lapho izingane ziba namandla, ziqala ukunika izingane ukudla okhethekile.
Njengoba ukuthosa kukhula, aqala ukukhiqiza izinketho ezidingekayo zokuzalela, ngenxa yalokho kuzovela izidumbu ezintsha ze-koi.
Incazelo
Izidumbu ze-koi zaseJapan zikhulu, umuntu oneminyaka emihlanu ufinyelela ku-80 cm nangaphezu kuka-15 kg. Ama-Koi ahlaziywa ngokuya ngamapharamitha athile angaphandle. I-carp yaziswa kakhulu uma inezimo ezilinganayo nosayizi wazo zonke izingxenye zomzimba, futhi inephethini lombala olinganiselayo.
Umbala we-carps uyahlukahluka ngokuya ngobulungu babo. Izithunzi eziphambili zimhlophe, ziphuzi, ziblue, ukhilimu, zibomvu, zimnyama. Ukukhanya kombala wezinhlanzi kuthinteka ngqo ekunikezeni izidumbu ze-koi, ikhwalithi yamanzi nokukhanya kwelanga. E-aquarium ebanzi, i-koi izokwambula ngokuphelele ukugcwala kombala wayo.
Izidumbu zoKoo zinempilo enhle, azikhathaleli ekunakekelweni, zizolile futhi ziqinile. Ama-Koi ayakwazi ukwahlukanisa imibala, iphunga nokunambitheka, ngokuya ngokuqeqeshwa. Bangalala ngohlangothi lwabo futhi bakhethe umlingani oyedwa. AmaCarps ahlala isikhathi eside, e-aquarium aze afike eminyakeni engama-30, kepha ezimweni zemvelo isilinganiso seminyaka ye-koi sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-50.
Ama-carps ama-Koi ahlala kangcono echibini, ukuwagcina ekhaya kungenzeka ku-aquarium enkulu yamalitha angama-800-1000. Izinhlanzi zinemvelo enhle impela, zijwayela umphakathi wabantu, zikuvumela ukuthi ubondle ngezandla zakho futhi ubathinte. Isimo esibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwezidumbu ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa ngokucophelela okwenziwa ngemishini nokwakheka kwamanzi kufanele kucatshangelwe.
Amapharamitha wamanzi ku-aquarium: izinga lokushisa 15-28 ° С, acidity 7.5, umoya-mpilo 4 mg / l, ubunzima kuze kufike ku-15 °. Ithoni yenhlabathi kufanele ikhethwe ngokungafani nomthunzi we-koi, ngoba i-carps ebomvu i-substrate emnyama ifanelekile, kanye nesizinda esimhlophe senhlanzi emhlophe. Ukusetshenziswa okuhle kwesihlabathi, amatshe amatshe kanye nobucwebe. Izidumbu zihlala ungqimba olungaphansi lwamanzi.
Kudingeka imifino eqinile, ingatshalwa ehlathini elihlukile. I-sedge, i-arrowhead ne-chastochka zilungele kahle. i-pinnate, i-Elodea eyengeziwe yokuhlanza amanzi emvelo, futhi ekugcineni ukudla kwe-koi. Ukujula kwe-aquarium kuncike ekuphathweni kokushisa okuzungezile kwesifunda, endaweni yokushisa yesimo sezulu esishisayo sinele ku-50-70 cm, kanti nezinhlanzi kufanele zishiswe egumbini elivaliwe noma echibini elilungiselelwe.
Ukunakekelwa Okubandayo
Isikhathi sasebusika se-carps esimweni sezulu esinzima, ikakhulukazi echibini, kufanele sinikezwe izimo ezidingekayo zokuphila kwabo okunethezekile ebusika. Ubuncane bokushisa bamanzi ebusika yi + 4 ° C. Ubusika bezidumbu kufanele zenzeke endaweni evikelwe amakhaza noma embozwe ngesisekelo se-polyethylene. Echibini, ama-carps ubusika emgodini wobusika obungamamitha ayi-1,5 ukujula, lapho izihlungi zicishiwe, bese izimbobo eziningana zibhaqiwe eqhweni. Lezi zimbobo kufanele zihlanzwe njalo ukukhula kweqhwa, zinikeze nge-aeration kanye nedivayisi yokufudumeza ukuze ingaqinisi. Ukwenza ubusika kwe-Koi kuhlanganiswa nokuncipha kwesifiso sabo sokudla, okuzovuka kuphela entwasahlobo. Njengokudla, izinhlanzi zizosebenzisa i-algae. Ngokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa, ama-carps alungiselela i-hibernation futhi amise uhlelo lokugaya ukudla. Ezimweni ze-aquarium, ukubekela izinhlanzi ebusika kuzoba lula futhi kuzodinga umzamo omncane kusuka kumnini wazo.
Ukuvumelana
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda se-koi, ezinye izinhlanzi zibukeka zingaxakile, kepha kunezinhlobo ezithile ezibafanela njengomakhelwane. Izidumbu ezidluliselwe kusuka echibini liye e-aquarium ekuqaleni ziziphathe ngokucophelela, zifihle futhi zesabe. Abantu abasha bajwayela ngokushesha futhi kube lula. Ukuguqulwa kungasheshiswa ngokutshala ama-comets noma ama-shubunkins kubo.
Izidumbu zaseKoyi zihlanganiswe kahle nomakhelwane abanjengendard, i-plecostomus, i-trout, ikatfish, i-mollies, igolide, imifino, i-pecilia, i-sunfish. Abamele izinhlanzi ezincane ezinjenge-zebrafish nezidumbu zekhadinali ekugcineni zizodliwa.
Izidumbu ze-Koi aziyona nje into yokuhlobisa i-aquarium noma ichibi, umnikazi uzobambelela ngokuqinile futhi enze ubungane ngalezi zilwane ezifuywayo, ezinobuhlakani obumangalisayo nemikhuba ethokozisayo. Ukuphila isikhathi eside, ukulungiswa okulula ekhaya nokuzalanisa kwabo kuzokuvumela ukuba ujabulele umphakathi we-koi isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Ukuzala
Ukuzalaniswa okugcwele kwama-carblic carps kungenzeka kuphela echibini, lapho zikhula khona isikhathi eside futhi zikhulu. Kufanele wazi ukuthi ama-carps anolaka maqondana ne-caviar kanye nefry, angawadla.
Emvelweni, izinhlobo zezinhlanzi entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ngamazinga okushisa akhuphuka. E-aquarium, ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa kungalungiswa ngokuthile, kepha izimo ze-aquarium azilungele ukwenziwa ngokuphelele. Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokusabalalisa lingama-20 degrees. Kodwa-ke, ukusakazeka kuma-aquariums cishe akunakwenzeka, ngakho-ke baphila ngaphandle kwezingane. Isikhathi sokuphila se-carps yiminyaka engama-70-100, ezindaweni ezivulekile zokugcina zifinyelela ubude obungu-90 cm.
I-Carp koi ingenye yezinhlanzi ezinhle kakhulu zokuhlobisa echibini nase-aquarium. Idumile kuze kube namuhla ngenxa yesimo sayo esinokuthula, ukuthanda abanikazi nokungathobeki kokuqukethwe.
Echibini lokufakelwa
A echibini inketho engcono kunazo zonke lezi zilwane, ngoba zikhula zifinyelele ku-50-70 cm, futhi ngokunengqondo zingakwazi ngisho nokufinyelela kumitha eyi-1. Ngokuvamile, izidumbu kudingeka ziqinisekise okulandelayo:
IVolumu enkulu yamathangi. Ubukhulu obuncane bungamamitha ama-3 ubude, ama-2,5 ububanzi kanye nama-1.5 ukuphakama. Ngokwesisekelo, ungathatha konke ukhonkolo kanye nokuvimbela amanzi. Kungcono ukubeka ichibi endaweni ethule, lapho imisebe yelanga ingawa kakhulu, amakati omakhelwane, njll.
Izinsiza. Ukuhlunga okuqinile kubalulekile, kokubili okwenziwa ngomshini nangokwebhayoloji. Ngokusebenzisa okwokuqala, ukungcola okuhlukahlukene, imfucumfucu, imfucuza yezinhlanzi, njll. Kuzosuswa endaweni yokugcina amanzi. Okwesibili kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe i-biobalance. Imibala yama-bacterium azuzayo izothuthukisa i-ammonia kuma-nitrites akhishwe ku-feed, indle kanye namaqabunga abolile. Amanye amakoloni, wona asebenzisa ama-nitrites ama-nitrate, asevele esebenza njengomanyolo wezitshalo eziphilayo. I-Aeration iyadingeka kuphela uma ichibi ligcwele abantu futhi izilwane ezifuywayo zingenakho okwanele komoya we-oxygen,
Ubusika obufanele. Ama-carps ngenkathi ebandayo, njengomthetho, awadluliselwa endlini ahlala kuyo i-aquarium. Lezi zinhlanzi ziqine kangangokuba zingashiywa ubusika lapho echibini. Babekezelela ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kuya kuma-4 degrees. Kulokhu, umetabolism wabo uyama, futhi ngenxa yalokho akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele ukubondla (!). Ukujula kwemitha nengxenye kumane nje kuyadingeka ukuze amanzi esethangi angabandi ngokuphelele. Ichibi uqobo lidinga ukumbozwa. Lokhu kuzowuvikela emvuleni enkulu, ezidla inyama futhi kusize ukugcina izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile noma ngaphansi,
Izitshalo. Eduze kwakho ungatshala izihlahla ezithanda umswakama. Lezi ezinye zezinsimbi, udenge, ikhanda lomcibisholo. Echibini ngokwalo, i-nymphaea ihlangana ngokuphelele (ungumnduze wamanzi). Amabhishi amaningi azonikeza umthunzi futhi abe yisiphephelo sezilwane ezifuywayo.
I-Aquarium
Imvamisa, i-carp koi ayiqukethe amathangi anjalo; athanda ububanzi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banesici sombala esinjalo ukuthi kungcono ukusibheka kusuka phezulu, hhayi ohlangothini. Uma ufuna abameleli abakhulu nabanemibala yezilwane zangaphansi kwamanzi, sincoma ukuthi uthole izinhlanzi zegolide. Zikhula zikhulu ngokwanele, futhi zizothokozisa umniniyo iminyaka eminingi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo eziningi zinomzimba omfushane, yingakho lezi zilwane zingalifaneleki kahle ichibi. Okuwukuphela kokwahlukahluka yikhona okuza.
Uma ufuna ukuthola izidumbu, khona-ke umthamo omncane kufanele okungenani ube ngama-500 amalitha. Ngokuvamile, kufanele siphume ngobuningi obuthile. Nge-1 centimeter yomzimba womuntu kufanele kube amalitha ama-5. Okusho ukuthi, inhlanzi engamamitha ayisigamu izozizwa ikhululekile kumalitha angama-250. Ku- "Half-ton" kungatshalwa kuphela umbhangqwana.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi uthenge isihlungi esihle, njengoba lezi zilwane zidala umthwalo oqinile esele esele. Ngokufanelekile, lokhu kufanele kube uhlobo lwangaphandle lwemishini, enezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlunga namandla anele. Yebo, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukwenza ushintsho lwamanzi lwamasonto onke okungenani ama-30% ephelele.
Ngokuqondene nemingcele yamanzi, isekondari. Izinga lokushisa lingaqala ukusuka kuma-15 kuye kwangama-30 degrees, kepha lingaphansi. Ubulukhuni - obuphakathi noma obuphakathi ku-3-10, acidity - cishe i-7 pH.
Ukuze ulondoloze umbala omuhle, kuyadingeka ukufaka isibani esikhanyayo e-aquarium ngama-LED noma amalambu we-fluorescent. Futhi, imishini efana ne-ultraviolet sterilizer izosiza ukuvikela izilwane ezifuywayo kumagciwane ahlukahlukene.
Ezweni
Inzalo ye-Amur carp yasendle, ama-koi carps noma ama-carps ama-Studi, yahamba ngohlelo lokukhetha olukumazinga amaningi, lasakazeka emhlabeni wonke. Izidumbu zokuqala zeza eJapan nabafuduki baseChina ngekhulu le-14.
Ekuqaleni, izinhlanzi zazigcinwa echibini lokufakelwa kuphela ukudla. Ehlelweni lokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kwavela abantu abanombala ongahambisani nezinhlobo. Fry enjalo yayishiyelwa ukuhlobisa.
Amachibi anezidumbu ezigqamile ezinemibala ehlukahlukene angabonakala ezingadini ezizimele, emapaki omphakathi, eduze kwethempeli. AmaJapan athanda ukuphumula nokuzindla, ukuvuma inhlanzi.
Lo mfutho wethulwa ngokusemthethweni emphakathini ngabazalisi beNiigata embukisweni wango-1914, ngemuva kwalokho abathandi bezinhlanzi abavela kwamanye amazwe baba nesithakazelo ezimisweni zokugcina izidumbu ze-koi. Abantu baseMelika nabaseYurophu bajwayela kakhulu lolu hlobo lokuzijabulisa ngemuva kuka-1945, lapho iJapan yavuleka kakhulu emhlabeni.
Izidumbu zoKoo zinomzimba omude omude ngamaphiko alingene, ikhanda. Izimpondo ezimbili ezincane zibonakala ngaphezu komlomo ophezulu. Umsila awushadile.
Amasampula anesikhumba esikhanyayo, amabala achazwe ngokucacile, izihlanganisi zombala ezihlangene, asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo phezu komzimba, ayaziswa.
Izithunzi zemibala yama-carps carps ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesibani esikhanyayo sedamu, ukwakheka kwamanzi okusetshenziswa lapho kudonswa udayi. Emachibini, izilwane ezifuywayo zikhula zibe ngama-40-100 cm, isisindo esijwayelekile - ama-5 kg.
Ezihlotsheni ze-koi zaseJapan, iziqalo zobuhlakani ziyabonakala. Ukuxoxa nsuku zonke bahlukanisa umnikazi nabanye abantu. Ukuzondla ngezandla, ukuvumela ukuba bahlaselwe, ngaphandle kokuthola ukukhathazeka. Bakhombisa amakhono ekuziqeqesheni, bayakwazi ukukhipha amaqembu afinyelela kwangama-20.
Izinhlanzi zihlala ekujuleni okungama-50 cm ukusuka phezulu, ungaweli ngaphansi kwamamitha elilodwa nesigamu. Bathanda ukuzola nobungane, abakhombisi ulaka. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ukugcinwa kuphila iminyaka engama-30 - 50.
E-aquarium, osayizi bezinhlanzi banesizotha ngokwengeziwe - 20-30 cm, futhi isikhathi sokuphila sincishiswa saba isilinganiso seminyaka engama-30.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-koi carp idla izinambuzane, izibungu nezitshalo zasemanzini.
Kungenzeka yini ukudla i-koi carp
Ukuhlobisa izidumbu ze-koi ziluhlobo lwe-carp ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke inyama yazo ingafakwa ekudleni. Kepha ukuze kulondolozwe izinhlobo, amaJapan awakhohlwa ukondla izilwane ezifuywayo eminyakeni esezingeni elambile, abafuyi bezinkomo bazigcina zihlanzekile futhi bazise izinhlobo ezintsha, benikela ngezidingo zabo siqu.
Akufanelekile futhi akulungile ukubona i-koi njengomkhiqizo wokudla. Izinhlanzi zokuhlobisa azishibhile. Ngale ntengo, ungathenga amashumi ezikhathi ama-carps amaningi. Noma ama-koi izidumbu futhi ayadliwa.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa ku-aquarium
IKoyi idinga ichibi lasekhaya elinamandla okungenani amalitha angama-500. Kuyisiko ukubala inani lamanzi asemanzini asuselwa kusayizi wezilwane ezifuywayo. Isimo se-carp ngamalitha ama-5 nge-1 cm.
Ithebula lamapharamitha amanzi wokuqukethwe kwezidumbu ze-koi:
Igama lesikhombi | Inani |
IVoliyumu ngamunye | 150 l |
Ukushisa | 20-25 ° C |
Umswakama | 7-7.5 pH |
Ukuqina | 4–10 dGH |
I-carcade carp ibalulekile kuhlelo lokuhlungwa olwenziwe lula, olungaphazamiseki. Kukhethwa izihlungi zangaphandle ezinamandla ezi-2-3 ezinamthamo omkhulu wamathangi, enza ukucocwa kwemvelo nangokwesiko. Lapho ukhetha, lalela okokuqukethwe kwesihlungi, uma kukhethwe kahle futhi kunobuhle obunomshini, insiza ivele ngokushesha.
Ukugcina ubumsulwa bamanzi, ukuvikela ukuphuma kwezifo, kufakwa i-sterilizer.
Ukuze ulondoloze umbala woqobo we-koi, nikeza i-carp ukufinyelela okuphezulu kokukhanya kwelanga. Uma kungekho ukukhanya okwanele kwemvelo, faka eduze kwe-aquarium noma ulungise izibani zensimbi ze-halide ngqo odongeni. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izibani ngamathoni abandayo adala umehluko.
Izidumbu zoKoo zithanda amanzi apholilengakho-ke asikho isidingo se-heater. Ngasikhathi sinye, izilwane ezifuywayo zizizwa zizinhle ehlobo sultry, lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi likhuphuka lifika kuma-30 degrees.
Inhlabathi efanelekayo inesihlabathi esihle noma esiphakathi. Izinhlanzi ezimhlophe ezinamabala anemibala eminingi zibukeka kangcono ngemuva kwe-beige. Ezinhlotsheni ezibomvu, kukhethwa umhlabathi omnyama.
Lapho kuklanywa i-aquarium, kuyabhekwa ukuthi ubuhle bendawo, izitshalo zingcoliswa ngokushesha, ziphazamise ukubuka i-koi enhle. Izinto ezincane zokuhlobisa izinhlanzi ezinkulu zihamba ngendlela eyindidane.
Amanzi athathelwa indawo isonto ngalinye ngevolumu engama-30%.
Izidumbu zokuhlobisa zingama-omnivores. Ekuthuthukisweni okugcwele, kudingeka amaprotheni kanye nokudla kwezitshalo, okunikezwa izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku kumthamo omncane, hhayi ngaphezu kwe-3% ngesisindo. Ama-feeders asiza ukukala ukudla.
Ukugcina izici zohlobo lokuzalela, izilwane ezifuywayo zinikezwa ukudla ngamadayi e-organic. Isisekelo sokondliwa kokudla okwomile kwe-granular nge-carotenoids. Ngaphezu kwakho, imenyu ihlukahlukene ngezithelo ezisikiwe, imifino.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa echibini
Ichibi liyindawo efanelekile yezidumbu ze-koi, ngoba ekuqaleni izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zazifakwa ukuze zibancome ngenhla.
Ezinye izinzuzo zokugcina izilwane ezifuywayo echibini elenziwe umuntu:
- ukukhula okujwayelekile, ukukhula okufika kusayizi omkhulu,
- amathuba okuzala,
- ukugcinwa kokugcwala kombala ngenxa yokukhanya kwemvelo okuqhubekayo.
Ubungako bechibi noma echibini lincike kwinani lezinhlanzi, kepha kunconyelwa ukuhambisana nemingcele elandelayo, esikoleni sezidumbu eziyi-8 kuye kwezingu-10:
- ukujula - kusuka ku-1.5 m,
- ivolumu - kusuka ku-8 t.
Ukuze kulungiswe kahle i-koi, ukutholakala kalula kwabaninindawo, indawo yokondla iyakhethwa eduze kwendlu, kude nemigwaqo.
Izihlahla ezinde kanye nezihlahla azitshalwa endaweni eseduze kwechibi, ukuze izitshalo zingabonakali indawo ebusweni bamanzi.
Ifakwe echibini lomgwaqo elakhiwe kusetshenziswa ukhonkolo noma ukuthambisa amanzi okuthambile, izihlungi ezisebenza kakhulu. Ukwelashwa kwamanzi okwenzeka ngemvelo nangomshini kufanele kungaphazanyiswa.
Uma amazinga okushisa ehlobo kanye namazinga ezinhlanzi ephakeme kunamanani amukelekayo, gxilisa i-aerator echibini.
Emachibini agobhozayo, izihlungi zihlukaniswa nazo, kepha amathuba ezinhlanzi ezimba umhlabathi bese zidla izitshalo ziyanda. Kulokhu, yakha i-reservoir eyengeziwe, ukuxhumana nabokuqala. Imbozwe ngamatshe amatshe, i-sedge, imicibisholo, iminduze yamanzi itshaliwe.
I-Aeromonos ne-pseudomonos
Izithelo ifomu emzimbeni, amaphiko of izidumbu, kancane kancane ziguquka izilonda. Isifuyo siyenqaba ukudla, ezimweni ezingandile, sifa ngaphandle kwesizathu ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimpawu. Isizathu ukungatheleleki okuphansi. Imithi elwa namagciwane inikezwa ngokudla noma ngamakhefu okugeza ayenziwa. Izilonda ezinkulu zidinga ukuhlanzwa okukhethekile ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia.
Ichthyophthyroidism
Uphawu oluphambili lwalesi sifo ama-pustule amaningi afana ne-semolina semolina. U-Koi uxubha emhlabathini, ucindezela izinkezo emzimbeni, ulahlekelwe wukudla kwakhe. Uma lesi sifo singalashwa, amaphiko e-carp ahlukanisiwe, isikhumba simbozwe izingcezwana, isilwane sicwila phansi size sife.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Koi kusebenza ngempumelelo ezigabeni zokuqala ze-ichthyophthyroidism. Ukuqeda lesi sifo, phakamisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi lifike ku-30 ° C nosawoti ngesilinganiso se-3 g ilitha elilodwa.
Ukwelashwa, i-malachite eluhlaza (0,09 mg / l), iSeraOmnisan, i-JBL Punktol ULTRA, i-Aquarium Pharmaceuticals ngokwemiyalo esetshenzisiwe.
Ingxibongo
Lesi sifo asiqondakali ngokuphelele. Cishe kwakheka ukukhula kwe-waxy emaphepheni kanye nesiqu segciwane le-herpes, okuhlala emhlangeni we-trigeminal iminyaka, kuvame ukubonakala entwasahlobo. Ngokushisa okushisa kwamanzi, ukungasebenzi komzimba kuyanda, ukukhula kuyanyamalala. Ukubuyela emuva akwenzeki ngaphambi konyaka.
Ngaphandle…
Izinhlanzi zamachibi zithinteka yi-flagellate ectoparasites, tapeworms, kanye ciliates. Ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka, kuyahlukaniswa okwenziwa amasonto amabili, kusetshenziswa ukudla okufakazelwe. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungavumeli ukushuba okuphezulu kwe-koi, izinga lokushisa ngokweqile. Ukusakazeka kokutheleleka kuvinjelwa ngokwakhiwa kwezimo ezifanele zokugcina amapharamitha wamanzi athambile ezifuyweni.
Umlando wokuvela
Eminyakeni engaba ngu-2500 edlule, izidumbu zalethwa eChina zivela ezindaweni eziseduze noLwandle lweCaspian. Akukaziwa nakanjani ukuthi kwavela nini i-carp eJapan; amarekhodi okuqala alo abhalwa ngekhulu le-14 - le-15 AD. e. Kukholakala ukuthi i-carp yalethwa eJapan ngabokufika abavela eChina. AmaJapan ayibiza ngokuthi "Magoi" - i-carp emnyama. Kamuva, abalimi baseJapan baqala ukuyilima emachibini okufakwayo ukuze isetshenziswe. Ezindaweni ezikude ezintabeni, izidumbu zazivame ukuphela kokudla kwamaprotheni, ngokwesibonelo, eNiigata Prefecture.
Ukuhlobisa
Kwesinye isikhathi, ngenxa yokuguquka kwemvelo, ezinye izidumbu zikhombisa ukuphambuka kombala ohlukile. Izinhlanzi ezinje ngephethini engeyona eyejwayelekile azange ziye ekudleni futhi zigcinwa ikakhulu ngenhloso yokuhlobisa. Kancane kancane, ukutshalwa kwezidumbu ezinemibala kukhule kwaba uthando lwabalimi. Abanini beqa izinhlanzi zabo, ngenkathi bathola ukuhluka kombala okusha. Le nto yokuzilibazisa nayo yathandwa kakhulu ngabathengisi nezicukuthwane futhi kancane kancane yasakazeka kulo lonke elaseJapan. Umbukiso weTokyo Taisho wango-1914 waqala wethula ama-koi anemibala ukunakwa ngumphakathi jikelele. Manje emazweni amaningi kunamakilabhu nezinhlangano zabathandi be-koi, kubanjwa imibukiso nemibukiso.
Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi ye-Koi
1. Ukwakheka komzimba
- ukungezwa okujwayelekile kweKoyi ukwakheka kwekhanda, umzimba nezikhumba, kufaka phakathi ukulingana kwazo.
Isidumbu se-koi sowesifazane esinamandla sinenzuzo. Abesilisa, njengomthetho, ngofuzo abakwazi ukuthola inani elifanele levolumu elifanele ukubamba iqhaza kulo mncintiswano. Ubukhulu nokwakheka kwamaphini kufanele kuhambisane nomzimba. Ukwakheka kwekhanda akufanele kube mfushane kakhulu, kube yide noma kube lugobile endaweni eyodwa. Uma ubheka i-koi evela phezulu, umzimba kufanele ube futhi ulinganayo ezinhlangothini zombili, uhlangothi olulodwa alunakuba olukhulu kunolunye.
2. Umbala nephethini
- ukubukeka nokuthungwa kwesikhumba
Izinga lesikhumba nemibala ejulile futhi esebenzayo ikalwe kuqala. Inhlanganisela yemibala uqobo iyahlolwa. Isikhumba kufanele sikhanye ngokukhazimula okunempilo.
- ikhwalithi yemibala, amaphethini, imiphetho yamaphethini nebhalansi yephethini
Izindawo ezinemibala kufanele zikhawulelwe ngokukhawulelwe. Imingcele ehlanzekile, yokhrisimu yithandwa kakhulu. Izindawo ezinombala kufanele zilinganiswe. Izindawo "ezisindayo" ngaphambili, phakathi noma emsileni wezinhlanzi azivunyelwe. Iphethini kufanele ilingane nomzimba wezinhlanzi, okungukuthi, izinhlanzi ezinkulu kufanele zibe nephethini enkulu.
- Izidingo zokubukeka ziqonde ngqo kuhlobo ngalunye, noma izici zohlobo
- ukuma, noma ukuthi u-koi uzigcina kanjani emanzini nokuthi ubhukuda kanjani
- umbono wokuthi i-koi ngayinye yenzani isimilo esifingqa wonke amaphuzu wokuhlola
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Koi
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-80 zohlobo lwe-koi. Ukuze kube lula, zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu alandelayo ayi-16, ahlanganiswe yisici esisodwa noma eziningi ezivamile:
- I-Kohaku (isiJapan 紅白 Ko: ha)
- I-Taisho Sansyoku (iJapan 大 正 三 色 Taisho: sansoku)
- I-Shoe Sansyoku (iJapan 昭和 三 色 UShou: wa sansoku)
- I-Utsurimono (isiJapane 写 り 物)
- Becco (waseJapan べ っ っ I-Becco:)
- IsiTantyo (isiJapan 丹 丹 IsiTantyo:)
- I-Asagi (浅黄)
- USTHOi (waseJapan 秋 翠 Xu: USoyi)
- I-Coromo (isiJapane 衣)
- I-Kinginrin (isiJapan 金 銀鱗)
- I-Kavarimono (isiJapane 変 わ り 物)
- Umlilo (isiJapan. Mayelana: gon)
- I-Hikari-moyomono (isiJapane 光 模樣 者)
- I-Gosiki (jap. 五色)
- Kumonryu (九 紋 竜 Kumonryu:)
- I-Doytsu-goyi (ド イ ツ 鯉)