IMadagascar boa constrictor (lat. Acrantophis madagascariensis) ingeyamalungu omndeni Amanga (Boidae). Ingenye yezinhlobo ezijwayelekile kakhulu ze-boa inyoka eMadagascar. Izakhamuzi ezinkulu kunazo zonke zihlala enyakatho nasempumalanga yesiqhingi, zihlala amahlathi emvula asendaweni ephakeme aze afike ku-800 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Isikhumba salesi sidalwa esisetshenziswayo sisetshenziswa abantu bendawo ekwenzeni imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yokubumba. AmaShayina ahlala eMadagascar adla inyama yawo ukuze adliwe, ayibheka njengosomnandi futhi iwusizo kakhulu ekuqiniseni ukungatheleleki.
Ukuziphatha
IMadagascar boa iphila impilo yasematheni. Ntambama uphumula emiseleni yezilwane ezilahliwe, inqwaba yamaqabunga ashwabeneyo, ngaphansi kwamatshe noma izihlahla eziwile. Ihamba kuphela phezu kwenhlabathi. Ezihlahleni, ibonakala kuphela ezimweni ezihlukile futhi esemncane.
Ngenkathi ebandayo kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi, i-reptile iwela esimweni sokuphumula (hypobiosis), esifana nokuhanjiswa ubusika kwezinye izinto ezihubhayo. Umsebenzi wakhe wokusebenza wehla ngokunamandla, ophinda ubuye ngokushesha ngokushisa kokuqala.
Ukudla kuqukethe izinduku nezinyoni.
Isisulu sibulawa ukulunywa okunamandla ngemuva kwekhanda futhi kuqala isigwinye sonke ikhanda. Ngenxa yokuhamba kwayo kancane, inyoka ihlala izingela, ilinde ngesineke inyamazane isondela ibanga lokuphonsa kombani. Umbala weCamouflage uwenza ucishe ungabonakali ebangeni obukhulu botshani, amaqabunga omile noma ongaphansi.
Ukuzala
AmaMadagascar ama-boas avuthwa ngokobulili eneminyaka eyi-3-5. Abesilisa bavuthwa ngokocansi ngaphambi kwabesifazane. Isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala cishe izinyanga ezi-2 ngemuva kokushiya ubusika futhi kuqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba.
Izinsikazi ziveza inzalo ngemvamisa yeminyaka engama-2-3, okuya ngosayizi nokukhuluphala kwazo.
Izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinkulu zizalela kaningi. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-150-180. Izinsikazi ezifakwayo zithola umbala omnyama, ezizisiza ukuba zithole ukushisa okuthe xaxa futhi zisheshise imetabolism ehamba kancane.
Kuzalwa izinyoka ezi-4-10 ubude obungu-60 cm futhi ezinesisindo esingu-200-250 g. Kuyivelakancane kakhulu ukuba nama-cubs afinyelela ku-16. Ngokushesha nje emva kokuzalwa kwabo, bathuthela endaweni ezimele. Amaviki okuqala adla izinambuzane, bese adlulela ezilwaneni ezinkulu. Ekuqaleni, isikhumba sabo sine-tint ebomvu, kepha kancane kancane iba mnyama njengoba bekhula.
Abamele lolu hlobo lwe-vivo bayakwazi ukukhiqiza inzalo e-hybrid nge-Dumeryl boas (Acrantophis dumerili).
Incazelo
Ubude bomzimba wabantu abadala bufika ku-250-270 cm.Izibonakaliso ngazinye zikhula zifinyelele kuma-300 cm. Isisindo sisukela ku-10 kuye ku-16 kg. Abesifazane bakhulu futhi bakhulu kunabesilisa. Umzimba uqinile futhi unemisipha, inyoka ihlukaniswa ngamandla amakhulu omzimba. Umsila mfushane kakhulu.
Umbala oyinhloko uhluka kusuka ku-brown-brown kuya ku-brown-brown, okuvame kakhulu ukuba kuphuzi noma kube nsundu. Ngasemuva, iphethini yama-rhombus amnyama ansundu noma omnyama ibonakala kahle. Izindawo ezimnyama nezikhanyayo ziyabonakala ezinhlangothini. Ngemuva komzimba kunikeza i-sheen eblue metallic.
Inhloko ebanzi engunxantathu ihlukaniswe ngokucacile emzimbeni ngokuhlukaniswa kwentamo. Amehlo asezingeni eliphakeme ekhanda. Abafundi bahlelwe ngokuqondile. Eduze kwe-cesspool, ama-anal spurs ayabonakala.
Iminyaka yokuphila kwesikhathi seMadagascar boa comprimor cishe iminyaka engama-25.
Ukubukeka
Ubude bomuntu omdala buvame ukuba ngu-122-152 cm, kepha ama-typimens atholakala njalo futhi anobude obungu-183-213 cm.Ifossa ezinobunzima bokushisa zitholakala ezindebeni, ngaphansi kwesikali. Abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa.
Kunokukhethwa kwemibala emi-2 yalesi sithakami se-boa; abanye bazibheka njengezinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi. Eyokuqala - eluhlaza okotshani noma eluhlaza okotshani - ijwayelekile engxenyeni esempumalanga yebanga. Owesibili - ophuzi, owolintshi noma onsundu - entshonalanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile ama-boad eMadagascar aluhlaza acishe abe munye nesigamu aphindeke kabili kunombala ophuzi.
Isimo Esivikelayo SaseMadagascar Izinkuni
Le nhlobo ihlukaniswa njengosengozini. Eminyakeni eyi-10 eyedlule, kube nokwehla kwenani lezikebhe zokhuni zaseMadagascar cishe ngama-20%. Lokhu kungenxa yokubhujiswa kwendawo yabo yokuhlala.
Lezi boas zisongelwa ngokuqothulwa ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke ukuhweba kwamanye amazwe kulezi zinyoka akuvunyelwe.
Le kuphela inyoka yesihlahla esikhulu eMadagascar.
Indlela Yokuphila Nempilo
I-Wood Madagascar Boa uncamela ukuhlala ezihlahleni noma emithini futhi ihola indlela yokuphila efana nesihlahla. Ihlala eduze nemifudlana, imifula, amachibi noma amaxhaphozi futhi isebenza ikakhulu ebusuku. I-Wood boa idla ikakhulukazi izinyoni namalulwane. Ukubona inyamazane, isebenzisa nemigodi ethinta ukushisa ezindebeni zayo. Kungashiya izihlahla ukuze zizingele izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane emhlabathini.
Izinkuni zase-Wood Madagascar
Ama-Wood boas ahlala ebusuku kakhulu. Zidla ikakhulu endle ngamalulwane nezinyoni. Ukudotshwa kutholwa kusetshenziswa imigodi ebucayi ezindebeni. Abazingeli ezihlahleni kuphela, kodwa futhi nasemhlabathini ezincelisweni ezincane zezilwane.
Ingxenye yegama lesiLatini ibolekwe olimini lwesiMalagasy, lapho igama elithi "manditra" liyigama lesilwane lesi.
Umlingiswa waseMadagascar Wood Boas
Lawa ma-boas anedumela lokuba yizisulu ezinolaka, kepha endle zivame ukuba nobungane. Njengezingane, ziyakwazi ukuhlasela, kepha uma zithathwa, zivame ukwehlisa umoya masinyane.
Lawa ma-boas aqine ngokwanele, ngakho-ke abanjwe ngesixhaxha sokufa, futhi kulula ukuzibamba ezandleni zakho, kungaba nzima ngisho nokuzibuyisa ekhejini.
ITerrarium yeWood Madagascar Boas
Lawa ma-boas kufanele anikezwe ithuba lokukhuphuka phezulu, angajabulela ukuwasebenzisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungenza amashalofu ku-terrarium noma ubeke i-driftwood.
Ingxenye ebalulekile ye-terrarium yalezi zinyoka yindawo yokukhosela. Ungasebenzisa isitsha sepulasitiki se-opaque, ngaphakathi lapho kubekwa khona umswakama omanzi noma uphawundi wethanga.
Njengomugqa ongezansi wethrearium, imidwebo ye-aspen ilungile, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa amathawula wephepha, amaphephandaba, indwangu ye-terry nokunye. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa sawdust yemisedari, ngoba iyingozi izinyoka.
Kungashiya izihlahla ukuze zizingele izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane emhlabathini.
Ubukhulu obujwayelekile bezindawo zokudotshwa kwezinkuni zezikebhe zaseMadagascar zingu-120 ngo-50 ngamasentimitha angama-50.
Ukusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba, ezindaweni ezilandelwayo kugcina izinga lokushisa lasemini - 24-27 degrees, futhi ebusuku kube ngu-18-21 degrees. Uma insikazi ekhulelwe igcinwa, izinga lokushisa likhuphuka degrees eziningana. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, kuhlelwa ubusika. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama, ungamane ubeke isiphuzo esikhulu ku-terrarium.
Amawundlu agcinwa emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, kanti eminye imithombo yokushisa ayisetshenziswa. Esimweni esinjalo, bazizwa bekhululekile. Kugobolondo lukakhukhunathi, abadingi ukushisa okwengeziwe.
Ukondla Ngezinkuni zaseMadagascar
Lawa ma-boas awadli kaningi, ngoba ane-metabolism ehamba kancane, okungukuthi, awadingi ukudla okuningi.
Abesilisa, njengomthetho, baqala ukudla kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba, badle isikhathi esisodwa ngenyanga, kepha bangadla kaningi. Ngo-Okthoba, benqaba ukudla, ikakhulukazi uma kunowesifazane eduze.
Isivumelwano se-International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna kanye neFlora sivimbele ukuhweba kwamazwe omhlaba kwalolu hlobo.
Kwabesifazane, indlela yokuziphatha yokudla ingahluka. Badla kanye ngenyanga. Ebusika, badla okungaphansi kokujwayelekile. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinsikazi ngokuvamile zilahlekelwa intshisekelo yokudla. Baqala ukudla ngemuva kokubeletha nangemva kokuncibilika.
Ukuzalela Izinkuni ZaseMadagascar
Ekudingisweni, lezi zinyoka akulula ukuzalanisa. Zingahle zingalethi inzalo minyaka yonke. Njengoba benometabolism ohamba kancane, badinga isikhathi sokuqongelela amandla azodingeka ekukhiqizeni kabusha. Izinsikazi ezinkulu ziveza inzalo kaningi.
Ukuze kuphumelele ukuqala kokuzala, abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa bafakwa ekhejini elilodwa. Abesilisa abayinaki insikazi futhi bayalwa bodwa. Ngemuva kokulwa, osuswayo uyasuswa bese onqobayo esele.
NgoNovemba, izinga lokushisa ku-terrarium lapho lo mbhangqwana lihlala khona lihlehliswa libe ngama-degree angu-15 ebusuku, futhi likhuliswe libe ngama-degrees angama-22 phakathi nosuku, futhi leli lokushisa ligcinwa izinyanga ezimbili. Esontweni lokugcina likaDisemba, amazinga okushisa esikhathi sasemini ancishiswa ngedigri, bese kuthi ebusuku kube ngama-degree ambalwa. Lapho kwehlisa izinga lokushisa, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuqapha, njengoba ama-boas angagula, uma kuqashelwa ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo zisabela kakhulu ekwehliseni izinga lokushisa, khona-ke kufanele zikhuliswe.
Imvamisa, ama-boas eluhlaza aseMadagascar acishe abe munye nohhafu kuncane kunombala ophuzi.
Ngemuva kwalokho inyoka ikhishwa ebusika, ibuyele emazingeni okushisa ajwayelekile. Izinsikazi ezikhulelwe ziqala "ukufakwa" zigibela endishini yokuphuza, ngaleyo ndlela zilawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba. Lapho insikazi iphuma esitsheni sokuphuza, amanzi kufanele aguqulwe. Kwesinye isikhathi izintokazi zidla ngisho ngaphandle kokuphuma emanzini. Ngemuva kokuthola amanzi, ziqala ukufudumala, ngenkathi zihlala ngaphansi kwesibani amahora amaningi, kuze kube yilapho imizimba yazo ifudumala ifinyelela kumazinga okushisa angama-38, kuthi ebusuku ziye endaweni yokukhosela. Ungaqonda futhi ukuthi insikazi ikhulelwe, ngokusho kombala wayo omnyama.
Ama-boas asanda kuzalwa ekuqaleni abonisa ulaka, kepha uma esezandleni zawo, ngokushesha alahlekelwa yindlela yawo yokuzivikela. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zingondliwa masinyane ngamagundane aphakathi nendawo.
Eminyakeni eyi-10 eyedlule, kuye kwehla inani lalezi zinhlobo zomhlaba okungenani ngama-20%.
Amawundlu agcinwa ekushiseni kwegumbi, awadingi ukufudumeza okwengeziwe. Ebusuku bayakhasa baphume emashalofini bese begibela phezulu.
Sekukonke, izinkuni zaseMadagascar zisebenza kalula. Azidingi ukufudumeza komoya okuqinile, azidingi inani elikhulu lokudla, azikhuli kakhulu, azinazidingo ezikhethekile zokulungiswa, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ziyabekezelela ezandleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-boas aseMadagascar izinkuni abukeka emuhle, anemibala ekhanyayo emangalisayo.
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