INutria - uhlobo kuphela lomndeni AmaNutrievs (Myocastoridae). Ngaphandle, le mpuku ibukeka njengegundwane elikhulu: ubude bawo bomzimba bufika ku-60 cm, umsila - bufika ku-45 cm, isisindo esingu-5-10 kg. Umzimba we-nutria usindayo, ikhanda likhulu, linamehlo amancane nezindlebe ezingenakubalwa, izitho zimfishane, i-muzzle icacile, inemibala emide ne-orange incisors. INutria ihola indlela yokuphila yasemanzini, ngakho-ke inezici eziningi zezindlela zomzimba ezihambisana nalokhu. Isibonelo, ukuvuleka kwaso kwamakhala kunemisipha ekhethekile evimbayo futhi ingavala ngokuqinile. Izindebe zalo mbambo zihlukaniswe ngaphambili futhi zivalwe ngokuqinile ngemuva kwezinkomba, okuvumela i-nutria ukuba ikhahle izitshalo ngaphansi kwamanzi, kuyilapho ingavumeli amanzi ukuba afike emgodini womlomo. Phakathi kweminwe yezingalo ezisemuva (ngaphandle kwangaphandle), ama-nutria anezilonda, acishe angenazinwele futhi ambozwe ngesikhumba esiqinile, ngenkathi ebhukuda, asebenza njengevili lokuqondisa. Izinduna nama-mammary kanye nezingono (ngamabhuzu ama-4-5) zitholakala phezulu ezinhlangothini zezinsikazi, okuvumela amawundlu ukuba ondle ngenkathi usemanzini. Uboya be-nutria abunamanzi, liqukethe i-awn ende, nenamahloni nesigaxa esinsundu esigaxekile. Esiswini nasezinhlangothini, uboya bukhulu ukwedlula ngemuva, okufaka isandla ekugcinweni kokushisa okungcono emzimbeni ophansi.
Ihlala kuphi i-nutria?
Uhla lwendalo lwe-nutria lukhawulelwe engxenyeni eseningizimu yeNingizimu Melika ukusuka eBolivia naseningizimu yeBrazil kuya eTierra del Fuego. Izindawo ezithandekayo zalesi silwane yimizi yokugcina amanzi enamanzi agobhozayo noma amile: amabhange asemifuleni asemanzini, amachibi amachibi amachibi kanye nomhosha we-sedge sedge ngezimila ezinothile zasemanzini nezasogwini. INutria igwema amahlathi aqhubekayo, ayikhuphuki ngaphezu kuka-1200 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle olungena ezintabeni (i-Andes). Esiqhingini saseChonos isiqhingi (eChile), lesi siga sihlala ogwini lwezidumbu zamanzi ezinosawoti nezisondelene. Ezimweni zemvelo, i-nutria isebenza ikakhulu ebusuku. Udla ama-rhizomes, isiqu namaqabunga omhlanga ne-cattery. Ukudla okwengeziwe kungemhlanga, isifuba samanzi, iminduze yamanzi, namapayipi. Ukudla kwezilwane (i-leeches, ama-mollusks) i-nutria akuvamile ukudla, ngokuntuleka kwemifino. INutria ibhukuda futhi ishayeke kahle, ngaphansi kwamanzi ingafinyelela imizuzu eyi-10. Kepha le mpuku ayilungele ukuhlala ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi okonqenqemeni, yize ingakwazi ukubekezelela iqhwa lika-35 ° C. Iqiniso ngukuthi i-nutria ayakhi indawo yokukhosela ethembekile ebandayo nakwizinyamazane futhi ayigcini ukudla ebusika, njengama-beaver, muskrats nabanye Amagundane aseNyakatho asemanzini. Ngaphansi kweqhwa, lihamba kahle, futhi ligxibha umgodi, kungenzeka lingatholi ndlela yokuphuma futhi life.
Indlela yokuphila nemikhuba ye-nutria
INutria inendlebe ekhule kahle - iyesabisa ngisho nokugqwala okuncane. Naphezu kokuhamba kancane okubonakalayo, isilwane sigijima ngokushesha okukhulu, ngenkathi siyagxuma, kepha ngokushesha sikhathala. Uphumula futhi abambe inzalo ezidlekeni ezivulekile ezihlelwe ngamabhomu nasemathangeni aminyene weziqu ezigoqiwe zomhlanga nakwa-cattery. Imisele iyageleza osebeni olude lwe-nutria - ukusuka emhubheni olula kuya ezinhlelweni zokuhamba eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izindawo zawo zokukhosela zitholakala eceleni kwezindlela ezilandelelwa yilezi zilwanyana ezitshalweni eziseduze. AbakwaNutria bahlala emaqenjini abantu abangu-2-13, abahlanganisa abesifazane abadala, inzalo yabo nabesilisa. Abesilisa abasebasha bavame ukuhlala bodwa. INutria iyakwazi ukuzala unyaka wonke, futhi inyuka kakhulu. Ukusuka kowesifazane oyedwa ungathola amalitha angama-2-3 ngonyaka, ngokuvamile entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Le nduku yinto yokudoba nokuzalanisa emapulazini obuya nasemapulazini, kanti i-nutria ayivelwanga umbala o-brown ojwayelekile kuphela, kodwa futhi nangombala - omhlophe, omnyama, opinki, o-beige, wegolide, njll. INutria nayo izalelwe inyama.
Ukuzala Nutria
Kutholwe izingxenyana eziyisithupha ze-natiria, enye yazo, ehlala ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba, iye yaziswa emazweni amaningi omhlaba. Amapulazi okuzala okuqala kwe-nutria asungulwa ngasekupheleni kwe-XIX - ekuqaleni kwe-XX century. e-Argentina, kamuva balethwa e-USA, eYurophu nase-Asia. INutria yaqhamuka e-USSR ngonyaka ka-1930 kuya ku-3232, kwathi ngo-1930 kuya ku-1963, kwadedelwa izilwane ezingama-6 210 ezifundeni eziseningizimu yeSoviet Union. I-Acclimatization yaphumelela eCaucasus esifundeni saseLenkoran, esigodini saseLower Kura eGeorgia kanye naseningizimu yeTajikistan. Emazweni amaningi, ama-nutria asendle abhekwa njengezinambuzane zezilwane ezichitha uhlaza lwamanzi, zilimaze izinhlelo zokunisela, amadamu futhi zibukele amabhange emifula. Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-nutria ivuthwa ngokushesha futhi ingagcinwa njengesilwane esifuywayo.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala ye-nutria
INutria - lokhu isilwane osayizi abakhulu impela. Zikhule iminyaka eminingi emazweni anjengeRussia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, neCaucasus.
Isici esiyingqayizivele se-nutria ngamazinyo aso e-orange. Uma uqhathanisa uboya bakhe noboya bezinja noma ngisho neempungushe, khona-ke uboya be-nutria bungcono kakhulu.
Iwusizo futhi inyama ye-nutria. Ungumkhiqizo wokudla wokudla futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, unambitheka kakhulu. Vele, kunzima ukukholwa uma ubheka isithombe se-nutria.
Lesi isilwane esinjengesilinganiso esinobude bomzimba esingaba ngu-60 cm nomsila omude, esimbozwe yizikali. Uma ufuna ukubona ukuthi kubukeka kanjani i-nutria, isithombe kuvezwe kule ndatshana. INingizimu Melika yindawo lapho kuzalwa khona i- nutria. Lapho, atholakala kakhulu eduze namachibi, kanye nasezigudwini eziseduze.
Kuqala, baqala ukuzala e-USA, futhi ukusuka lapho “bathuthela” eYurophu kwathi emva kwalokho beza kithi. Iqiniso elimangalisayo: e-Afrika lesi silwane asikaze sibe nezimpande.
Ama-Nutria anoboya obuhle kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi isilwane asizukubamba ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu. Kepha kulezo zindawo zeplanethi lapho isimo sezulu sibanda kakhulu, ama-nutria awasahlali. Futhi kulula ukuchaza.
Izilwane ezinje azikwazi ukudala amakhaya azo futhi ziqongelele ukudla ebusika. Esikhathini esibandayo nutria Ngeke akwazi ukuthola ukudla ngaphansi kweqhwa, ngoba vele ngeke akwazi ukuzulazula kulezo zimo.
Lesi ngesinye isizathu esenza i-nutria ingakwazi ukuhlala ezindaweni lapho kubanda kakhulu. Esimweni esishisayo, i-nutria izizwa ikhululekile ngokwengeziwe. Uma umgwaqo ungaphezulu kwama-degree Celsius angaphezu kwamashumi amathathu, i-nutria icasha emthunzini noma ibambe umgodi lapho ilinde khona ukushisa. Lezi zilwane azikwazi ukudaya okubi kakhulu kunama-moles. Kaningi, bahlomisa izidleke emhlanga.
EYurophu, i- nutria ibizwa ngokuthi i-boron rat. Lokhu kungenxa yendawo yabo yokuhlala. Imvamisa, i-nutria ihlala emizimbeni yamanzi, lapho amanzi emi khona noma egeleza ngokubuthakathaka. Amachibi womhlanga ayindawo ekahle yokudla ama-nutria.
Uma ufuna thenga i-nutria, lapho-ke ungasesha izikhangiso ezithengiswayo zazo kwi-Intanethi. Uma ufuna ukuzala intengo ye-nutria okungase kube okuhlukile, khona-ke sikuyala ukuthi ufunde le ndatshana. Lawa macebiso azokusiza uphumelele ukuzalanisa lezi zilwane.
Ukuzala nokugcinwa kwe-nutria
INutria ingazalelwa unyaka wonke noma ikwenze ngezikhathi ezithile. Esimweni sokuqala, izilwane kufanele zishade ngokuqhubekayo. Ukufeza lokhu, kubalulekile ukubheka njalo ukusebenza kwezinsikazi, futhi lapho nje eqala inkathi yokuzingela, kuzodingeka ukuthi ube nesikhathi sokumtshala kowesilisa. Endabeni yokuzalanisa i-nutria unyaka wonke, ngokuvamile kubhekiselwa ekuphindweni okuphindaphindiwe kwe-nutria yabesifazane.
Ngenxa yalokho, inzalo ingaba kabili ngosayizi. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela yokuzalela inezinkinga zayo. INutria kumele ibhekwe eduze. Ngenqubo yonyaka yokuzalanisa, bonke abantu besifazane ngokuvamile abakwazi ukufeza izidingo: ezinye zazo zingakhulelwa, ezinye zinesikhathi sokukhishwa (inzalo yokuzondla), kanti ezinye azikakhuli ngokuphelele: i-hairline yazo ayikakhiwa.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ukuthi izikhumba ezinezinwele ezigcwele nezikhulu ze-nutria zingatholakala kuphela ngokubulawa kwenkathi ekwindla-ebusika. Ijazi leNutria kulokhu, kuzoba sezingeni eliphezulu.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba kuze kube sekupheleni kukaFebhuwari - isikhathi esifanele sokubulawa. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi i-nutria kumele ifinyelele eminyakeni ethile ngaphambi kwalokhu. Kufanele okungenani abe nezinyanga eziyi-9 kuya kwengaphezulu.
Ngokunikezwe lokhu, abantu abasha abazalwa engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka kumele banakekelwe kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka olandelayo. Ngakho-ke, izindleko zokuphakelwa ziyakhuphuka. Uma uzalela umhlonyane ngesizini, khona-ke iningi lamaphutha ahlangane nawo phakathi nonyaka wonke wohlobo lokuzalwa angavinjelwa.
Ngokufanelekile, lapho kuzovela yonke imidlwane kwikota yokuqala. Ngemuva kwalokho ebusika, abantu bayoba nesikhathi sokuvuthwa ngokugcwele, futhi noboya bukhule. Njengoba unikezwe leli qiniso, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-nutria whelp engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka. Ngakho-ke, kuze kube uMashi, yonke intsha izoba nesikhathi sokuvuthwa futhi ifinyelele eminyakeni efiselekayo.
Umsoco weNutria
Ezindaweni zokuhlala zemvelo, i-nutria idla izitshalo ezikhula eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi, kanye namagatsha nezimpande. Lapho ugcina ama-nutria ekhaya, afakwa ikakhulukazi ngokudla, okusanhlamvu, namakhambi, ithanga neminye imikhiqizo.
Futhi, ama-nutria adla kahle i-artichoke yaseJerusalema, izaqathe, ama-parsnips, neziqongo zommbila. Ungabondla ngokudla okwemvelo - imihlanga, amagatsha nokuningi. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele iqiniso lokuthi ama-natiria ayimichilo, ngakho-ke kudingeka anikeze amagatsha ukuqina ukuze akwazi ukucija izisusa.
Ukudla okuthandwayo kwe-nutria izindlebe zommbila omncane. Bangazidla ziphelele. Kodwa-ke, umkhiqizo owusizo kakhulu kubo ama-cobs avuthiwe, osithelo sakhe sivele saba nzima.
Enye intandokazi yokudla okumnandi kwe-nutria izinhlamvu zamabele. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi inani lokudla okunjalo kufanele lilinganiselwe kwabesifazane abasebasha, kanye nezintokazi ezenzelwe ukuganisa abesifazane abakhulelwe.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lapho kudliwa inani elikhulu lokudla okusanhlamvu, i-nutria ingaba nokukhuluphala bese ekugcineni ibeletha imidlwane efile. Ungondla ngamabele ommbila lawo ama-nutria aya ebusweni. Kepha nalapha kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi wonke okusanhlamvu kudliwa ngokuphelele kuze kube kokondla okulandelayo.
Kuyasiza kakhulu futhi ukondla i-nutria ngama-beets ushukela. Kodwa-ke, kwabesifazane abondla inzalo yabo, inani lalomkhiqizo ekudleni kumele lincishiswe libe lincane.
Iqiniso ngukuthi ushukela uyakwazi ukuvalela iziteshi zobisi, futhi ubisi oluningi ngeke luthole inzalo. Lokhu kungaholeli ekunciphiseni kuphela ekwakhiweni kwamathole, kepha futhi nasekufeni kwabo.
Ezimweni eziningi, ama-nutria ajwayela uhlobo olufanayo lokudla. Futhi uma wengeza ukudla okusha ekudleni kwabo, bangaphendula kukho. Ukwenza isibonelo, uma ngabe ubondle i-beetroot natiria isikhathi eside, bese ushintsha ngokungazelelwe ithanga, khona-ke ekuqaleni isilwane siyovuma ukuyidla.
Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile uzokudla akubi ngaphezu kwama-beet. Kodwa-ke, akufanele uvame ukuguqula izilimo zezimpande zibe yi-zucchini, amathanga, njll. Imikhiqizo efana neziqongo eziluhlaza zamazambane kanye nezaqathe, kanye namazambane, iyingozi futhi inobuthi emzimbeni we-nutria. Uhlu lwezitshalo ezinobuthi lubandakanya i-celandine, i-dope, i-euphorbia nabanye.
INutri akufanele iphekwe ukudla okubolile, njengezinye izilwane. Unganikeli ukudla okumuncu notshani obumnandi. Khumbula ukuthi inhlanzi nenyama akufanele kufakwe ekudleni kwe-nutria.
Ukusakazeka nokuphila isikhathi eside kwe-nutria
Ama-nutria angabesifazane ayakwazi ukukhiqiza inzalo kuze kube kabili noma kathathu ngonyaka. Kwinzalo eyodwa, ingaletha kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-7 amawundlu. Amachaphaza azalwa asesekhulile impela. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuzalwa, amawundlu aqala ukuziphilisa ngokuzimela futhi ashiye nonina.
Isikhathi sokuphila se-nutria, esihlala endle kanye ne-nutria, sigcinwe esimweni semvelo, sihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Ngakho-ke, endle, isikhathi sokuphila se-nutria sicishe sibe yiminyaka emine kuya kwemihlanu. Ikhaya laseNutria noma i-nutria ku-zoo enakekelwa kahle ingaphila isikhathi eside - iminyaka eyishumi nambili.
Ukubhebhetheka
Uhla lwendalo lwe-nutria lukhawulelwe engxenyeni eseningizimu yeNingizimu Melika ukusuka eBolivia naseningizimu yeBrazil kuya eTierra del Fuego. Wayehlonishwe emazweni amaningi ase-Europe naseNyakatho Melika; akazange avele e-Afrika. E-USSR, ukuvuselelwa kwe-natiria kwaphumelela eCaucasus, Kyrgyzstan naseTajikistan. Ububanzi bunwebeka noma buyancipha kuya ngohlobo olufudumele noma olubandayo. Kwezinye izimo, ubusika obandayo buholela ekunyamalaleni ngokuphelele kwe-nutria, ngokwesibonelo, eScandinavia nasezindaweni ezisenyakatho zase-US ngeminyaka yama-1980s.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
INutria iyisilwane esifuywayo; ingeyo-oda lamagundane futhi imele umndeni we-nutria. Ibizwa ngokuhlukile: i-otter, coipu, i-swamp beaver. Wonke amagama asetshenziswa imvamisa efanayo. Yize kukhona inani lochwepheshe abathi i-natiria ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-swamp beavers. Zithi lezi zilwane azihlobene ne-beavers yangempela yasemfuleni, amagundane. Babakhumbuza ukude kuphela - ngemikhuba efanayo, indlela yokuphila. Ngakho-ke, ukuqhathanisa okunjalo akulungile.
Ividiyo: INutria
AmaKoipu izinduku ezinkulu. Ubude bomzimba wabo bungafinyelela amasentimitha ayisithupha, nesisindo - amakhilogremu ayishumi nambili. Izakhamzimba zabesilisa zihlala zikhulu kakhulu kunezabesifazane. Ngaphandle, izilwane zibukeka njengegundane elikhulu. Imizimba yabo imbozwe ngama-bristles aminyene, acwebezelayo, amade.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Naphezu kobukhulu obukhulu, obukhulu be-nutria abukhiphi iphunga elingajabulisi. Bahlanzekile impela, ngokungafani namanye amalungu omndeni wama-rodent.
Umuthi omuhle, omnyama we-nutria uyinto ebaluleke kakhulu yokudoba. Ngalesi sizathu, lezi zilwane zaqala ukukhiqizwa ngenkuthalo emapulazini e-zoo asemhlabeni wonke. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo eziyishumi nesikhombisa zalesi silwane. Izinhlobo eziyishumi ziyashintsha, eziyisikhombisa zihlanganisiwe.
Zonke zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili:
Izinhlobo zezilwane ezinombala onsundu wasendulo zisezingeni. I-nutria enemibala yavela ngenxa yokuzalaniswa. Umbala woboya bawo uhlukile. Kukhona ama-Azerbaijani, ama-nutria ase-Italy amhlophe, ama-pelescent, amnyama. I-Fur yemifino engeyona eyisiqalo iyaziswa kakhulu emakethe yanamuhla.
I-Animal nutria noma i-beamp ye-swamp. Incazelo
Ngaphandle, ama-nutria ngezindlela eziningi ezifanayo namagundane, kepha awekho. Lezi ngamagundane ezincelisayo, okuwukuphela kwabamele izinhlobo zezinhlobo zomndeni we-nutria. Ngenxa yendlela yokuphila yasolwandle yasemanzini, abizwa nangokuthi "amaxhaphozi", "coipu" noma "otter".
Njengoba kubonakala esithombeni, laba bameleli bezilwane babonakala ngemizimba e-stocky, imilenze enamandla ephansi, umsila omude namfishane, izindlebe ezi-pubescent. Kuma-uninitiated, isilwane esinoboya singabonakala njengegundwe elinamafutha noma i-beaver elincanyana.
Ubude bomzimba waleli chibi lamanzi lingafinyelela ku-60 cm, nesisindo - 12 kg. Vele, amadoda amadala abukeka enempilo eningi. Izinsikazi, ngokuhlukile kuzo, zinesisindo cishe ngamakhilogremu ayisishiyagalombili ubude nobude obungama-35-45 cm. Kungakhathalekile ubudala besilwane, ubude bomsila waso cishe bufana - ne-45 cm.
INutria iyinqayizivele:
- sikhulu, sihlobene nosayizi womzimba, inhloko enamehlo amancane,
- isiphukuphuku (hhayi eseluliwe),
- vibrissa ende
- incisors orenji okhanyayo.
Njengabanye abamele inyamazane yasendle emfuleni, amabhere amakhulu anezici eziningi zezinto eziphilayo ku-anatomy yephysical.
Ngokwesibonelo:
- Ema-auricles, anenqwaba yemfucumfucu egxilisa umoya, evimba amanzi ukuthi angangeni emgudwini wendlebe.
- Lapho isilo sicwila ngaphakathi emakhaleni aso, izicubu zokuvala ziyasebenza, ngenxa yalokho uketshezi lungangeni emaphashini.
- Ngenxa yokwehlukaniswa kwangaphandle, izindebe ze-rodent zingavala ngokuqinile phambi kwamazinyo, okuvumela ukuthi unciphise ukudla kwesitshalo ngokujulile ngaphandle kokuthola amanzi.
- Ezinyaweni ezingemuva ze-nutria kune-sepdigital septa, eyenza kube lula ukuhamba echibini.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhumba okuqinile okunengxenye ecacile emseleni oyindilinga, obushelelezi kusiza ukulawula umzimba lapho ungaphansi kwamanzi.
- I-nutria encane, ngenxa yesikhundla esiphakeme sezinduna ezincelisayo ezinhlangothini zezinsikazi, zingadla ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Izici, indawo yokuhlala
Endle, ama-nutria asakazeke ogwini lwaseNingizimu Melika. Ubungako bendawo abahlala kuyo busuka emikhawulweni yaseBolivia futhi ifinyelela eTierra del Fuego. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abalimi base-European fur babona ikhwalithi yoboya be-nutria futhi baba negalelo ekuvuselelekeni kwayo emazweni amaningi olwandle. Ngenxa yalokho, uhlobo lwethula ezwenikazi lase-Yurasi, e-United States of America, e-Afrika.
Ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile kanye nokuntuleka komswakama, isimo sezulu sase-Afrika sasingalingani namagundane. Ezindaweni lapho asuse khona izimpande, izindawo ahlala kuzo ziyahlukahluka, kuya ngesimo sezulu ngenkathi ebandayo. Iqiniso lehla emlandweni lapho, ngawo-80s wekhulu lama-20, izilwane azikwazanga ubusika ngaphansi kwezimo zesithwathwa ezinzima zasenyakatho, okwaholela ekuqothulweni kwezinhlobo emazweni aseScandinavia nasezifundeni ezisenyakatho ye-USA.
Izilwane zasendle ezinomsoco zitholakala ku:
Kungumsebenzi ukuthi kwamanye amazwe izinduku zithathwa njengezinambuzane futhi kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuvikela ukwanda kwazo. EYurophu, izinhlobo zitholakala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokuzalela zokwenziwa, kepha muva nje, abacwaningi bathi izici ezinhle kakhulu zakhona.
Yize iqiniso lokuthi izwe laseKoipu lifudumele, esimweni sokuqhakambisa kabusha bazivumelanisa namaqhwa wehlela ku-35 ° C futhi bazi ukuthi kufinyelela ku + 40 ° C, abazakhi izindawo zokufudumala ezifudumele, bangazikhetha zombili izindawo eziphansi nezindawo eziphakemeyo empilweni.
Ukuthathwa kwabantu abanama-rodent kwabonwa e-Andes endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1,190 ngaphezu kolwandle. Indawo ekahle yendawo yokuhlala yabo ingumzimba wamanzi onamanzi ahamba kancane, amile (ama-alder bogs, amachibi, osebeni lawo agcwele ngomhlanga), kanye nemifula, osebeni lwayo kukhona izimpawu zokugcwala kwamanzi.
Umjikelezo wokuphila
I-nutria encane inezindlebe ezinhle, amandla okwazi ukuhamba emanzini nangasemhlabeni. Kwabesifazane abathile, inzalo ingalinganiselwa kubantu abangama-20. Naphezu kwesembozo soboya, izilwane ezisanda kuzalwa zingabanda kakhulu ebusika, ngoba abazali bazo abazilungiseli izidleke ezifudumele nendawo yokukhosela ekhethekile.
I-nutria yengane inesisindo esingama-250 g. Ikhula kancane. Ukutholwa okuphezulu kwansuku zonke kwesisindo bukhoma akuyona ngaphezu kwe-25 g, kepha kubhekelwa kuphela lapho izilwane zifinyelela eminyakeni engu-14 ubudala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuma-beavers asogu anezinyanga ezinhlanu, ukukhula kumisiwe.
Ngakho-ke, ngisho nokudla okulinganiselayo, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule isilwane esidala esigcwele iminyaka emi-2-2,5. Ngasikhathi sinye, lezi zilwane zivuthwa ngokocansi sezivele ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu yobudala, umsebenzi wabo wokuzala uyaphela.
I-Coipu molts izikhathi eziningana ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwayo kwempilo. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lokuzalela, lokhu okokuqala kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingama-50 ngemuva kokuzalwa. Isikhathi sokuncibilikisa sithatha izinyanga ezine. Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwayo, lesi silwane simbozwa ngejazi loboya bekhwalithi ephezulu, eliqukethe i-awn ende ende ne-undercoat emnyama.
Kuyisici ukuthi esizalweni sesisu se-pubescence sikhulu kakhulu kunasemaceleni nasemuva. Kubantu abadala, ukushintshwa kwezinwele kwenzeka kancane kancane, ukweluka unyaka wonke. Futhi njengoba le nqubo inciphisa ijubane ngoJulayi - Agasti nangoNovemba - Mashi, ikhwalithi enhle kakhulu yoboya ibonwa ebusika.
Umsebenzi we-rodent ngokuya ngezimo zokushisa. Izimo ze- + 15 ... + 20 ° С zibhekwa njengezikhululekile kuye. Ukuhamba okwandisiwe akuphazamisi izinqubo ze-metabolic zesilwane, ezihambisana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okuye kubambezeleka izikhathi eziyi-15 ukuya ku-20. Ngenkathi ebandayo, i-nutria iphila impilo yokuhlala phansi.
Akunakwenzeka ukubala iminyaka ephakathi yabantu abasendle, futhi ngokuqukethwe kwabo kwamaselula, umjikelezo wempilo yezidalwa eziphilayo uphela lapho ufinyelela isisindo sokubulawa.
Ukushoda kwamanzi okubhukuda ngesikhathi sasehlobo kubangela izinga loboya, kodwa ukungabikho kwalo ebusika akulithinti uboya.
Izinhlobo ezivamile
Emvelweni wemvelo, ama-nutria anombala okhanyayo onsundu kanye nombala obomvu omnyama avamile. Kepha ngenxa yemizamo yabafuyi bezilwane, abathwali bemibala ehlukahlukene baqala ukubonakala kaningi.
Labo abazozalela i- nutria epulazini noma ekhaya belulekwa ngochwepheshe ukuthi banake indlela okuya ngayo uhlobo oluthile lwayo.
Iqiniso ngukuthi njengoba lamagundane ethandwa kakhulu, lapho kwenziwa umsebenzi wokuzalela, kwagcizelelwa ukubekwa kwezinhlobo zezinyama kanye noboya.
Inyama enomsoco ibhekwa njengomkhiqizo wokudla futhi ihlukaniswa ngokwanda okukhulu. Uma izilwane zasendle zingenasisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amahlanu ngonyaka wezinyanga eziyi-9, khona-ke izakhi zofuzo ezifuywayo eziqondisiwe zenkomba yenyama ngasikhathi sinye zinesisindo esingu 1.5-2 kg ngaphezulu.
Ukuthola isikhumba sekhwalithi ephezulu, umfuyi kufanele anqume ngohlobo olufunayo lwehlobo, ngoba ngenxa yokuwela iziphambano, ososayensi bakwazile ukuzalanisa izinhlobo eziyi-7 ezihlangene ezihlanganayo nezingu-9 eziguqukayo.
Ngokwezimpawu ezithile encazelweni, ochwepheshe bakhomba iqembu ukubusa (Imibala emhlophe ye-Azerbaijani, imibala emnyama neyegolide ifakwa kuyo) futhi qaphela (okubizwa ngokuthi ama-white white, ama-albino, apinki, utshani, obhemayo, i-beige ne-pean nutria).
Ama-Swamp beavers wombala ojwayelekile awadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokudla koqobo okusekela umbala woboya bawo.
Ama-nutria anemibala eminingi afunekayo emakethe yanamuhla futhi abiza kakhulu kunawo ajwayelekile.
Phakathi kwezilwane ezinemibala ezithakazelisa ngokukhethekile:
- Silvery. Kuboniswa ngwevu onsundu emnyama noma u-gray grey. I-gloss inikezwa yona yi-cocoet emnyama, ethambile, engaphansi kwayo, imithunzi yayo evame ukuphonswa ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsundu, omnyama nomhlophe. Ukuzalela lokhu kwatholakala ngokuwela i-Italian kanye ne-beige nutria. Isibonakaliso saso ngumbala wesiliva omsulwa emgogodleni namehlo abomvu esilo. Ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yezikhumba zezilwane kudingeka ukuthi zondliwe kahle.
- UGolide. Ziyahlukahluka emgqonyeni we-orange okhanyayo emuva nokukhanya okukhanyayo kwegolide ku-peritoneum. Amacushini apinki ne-beige. Amehlo ansundu. Ukuzalela kubonakaliswa umkhiqizo ophansi (inzalo enkulu inabantu aba-4).
- Mnyama. Abamele le nhlobo bahlukaniswa yinqwaba emnyama efanayo emnyama kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba, kanye nengubo emnyama engaphansi. Ukuzalelwa kwafuywa e-Argentina futhi kufana kakhulu nokujwayelekile. Kubonakala futhi ngenzalo ephansi (kuze kufike ezinsaneni ezi-5).
- Umama kaPearl. Ukubuka kutholwe ngokuwela i-beige kanye ne-white pack carriers. Inombala we-zonal, osiliva-grey kanye ne undercoat eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kuyisici ukuthi ku-litter yale nzalo enezinhlobo ezinemibala eminingi ingahle ivele (ngaphezu kwalokho abathwali abamhlophe nabaphathekile abakhethiwe ngwevu grey ababekiwe).
Indlela yokuphila, isimilo
Ukuhluka kwalezi zilwane ezinjengamagundane ukuthi zingakwazi ukuhola indlela yokuphila yasemanzini neyasemhlabeni. Izilwane ezincelisayo zingaphila imizuzu eyi-10 ngaphansi kwamanzi, lapho zidla futhi zipholise khona imizimba yazo lapho kushisa. Uma kungekho manzi eduze echibini ekushiseni, isilwane sihlala emthunzini usuku lonke.
Ama-Swam beavers awenzi amasheya okudla ebusika, njengezihlobo zawo. Futhi njengoba bengathambekele kahle emachibini aqandiswe iqhwa, bavame ukufa ngenxa yokuthi, bejwila emgodini weqhwa, abakwazi ukuthola indlela yokuphuma.
ICoipu ayinazo izidleke ezifakwelwe ngaphakathi. Endle, kulo lonke umjikelezo wokuphila, ziphila ngemisele ebhula kakhulu. Imvamisa "umndeni we-nutria" ojwayelekile uqukethe abantu aba-3–15. It has a owesilisa ovelele, izintokazi 2-3, kanye inzalo yabo. Ngokuvela kwakhe, lo mndeni unweba ngamabomu ikhaya lawo ngokwakha isidleke esisha sabathengi noma umhlanga. Amantombazane amancane ahlala ngokwehlukana.
Umsebenzi owandisiwe we-nutria ubonwa kusihlwa nasebusuku. Ngobuningi bokudla nokutholakala kwendawo yokuphephela ethembekile, lezi zilwanyana ezincelisayo azishintshi izindawo zazo. Enye into yokuziphatha kwe-koipu ukudinwa kwabo okwandayo. Ngosizo lokuzwa olwakhiwe kahle, isilwane asiqaphele noma yikuphi ukugqwala.
Ngokusongela okuncane empilweni nasempilweni, indiza, izama ukungena emanzini ngokujulile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuphelelwa ngamandla okukhulu kwenqubo yokugijima kwe-spasmodic. Ungathola izindlu ezinama-rodent emigwaqweni emincane ayinyathela, ayofuna ukudla.
Izici zomsoco emvelweni
Abamele izilwane zasendle zomndeni we-nutria bondla kuphela ekuphakelweni okunempilo okusekwe ezitshalweni. Isisekelo sokudla kwabo ngokuvamile siqukethe ama-rhizomes ezihlahla ezisogwini, kanye ne-biogass yekati kanye nomhlanga. Amahlanga omhlanga kanye namahlamvu, ama-chestnut, iminduze yamanzi, amaqabunga wekhanda kanye nokunye okuyi-algae kuyamukeleka njengokudla kokungezelelwa.
Uma kunokushoda kwezidingo endaweni ekhethwe ngamagundane, zingadla izimbotshana ezinkulu, ama-mollusks nezinhlanzi ezincane. Kodwa-ke, kuyindlela yesikhashana yokusinda, ngoba ukudla okuvela ezilwaneni kungaphandle kwazo zonke izinhlobo ze-nutria. Izinga lezinsuku zokudla kwamakhambi kubantu abadala alidluli i-1 kg. Ebusika, izilwane ziphendukela otshanini obomile kanye nezimpande zezihlahla.
Izitha zemvelo
Njengoba ama-nutria engezona ezidla, kuvame ukuba inyamazane yabamele izilwane ezithanda ukudla kwezilwane.
Endle, lamagundane athungathwa ngu:
- Izinyoka ezinobuthi,
- i-alligators
- izimpisi
- izibazi
- amakhorali
- izinyoni ezidla ezinye.
Zizwa ubungozi bayo endaweni yangaphandle, ama-marsh beavers ahlala ethanda ukuba seduze kwemizimba yamanzi. Uma amathuba okuphunyuka ngendiza alinganiselwe, izilwane ezincelisayo ziyahlasela.
Kulezo zimpi, izikhali zakhe ezithembekile ziyizinto ezibukhali ezingaphambili, ukukhula kwazo okungahambi impilo yonke. Ngazo, isilwane sinamathela ngokuqinile kulowo okonile, kungakhathalekile ubukhulu baso namandla alo.
Ama-nutria wasekhaya ashesha ukujwayela abantu, ebabona njengamalungu omndeni wabo, anomoya omuhle nobungane. Ngakho-ke, abanye abalimi boboya baletha lezi zilwane epulazini labo, hhayi ngenjongo yokuhweba kuphela, kodwa nezilwane ezifuywayo.
Ukuqukatha la makhulu, kufanele:
- Ikheji elikhethekile noma i-aviary. Lo mklamo ovulekile obanzi ngokufinyelela ethangi lamanzi elikhulu. Ukwakhiwa kufanele kube kude nemithombo yomsindo, ukuze kungalimali amawadi futhi. Abanye abafuyi bezindawo bafaka amakheji ama-multi-tiered nezidalwa eziphila emiphongolweni, ezikhanyiselwe ukukhanya okufakwayo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kuyazuzisa ukugcina i-nutria yenyama yokuhlatshwa, ngoba ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi okugeza uboya babo akuyona esezingeni eliphezulu.
- Kusungulwe umsoco onempilo. Ngokuya ngeminyaka yobudala kanye nezici zomzimba, izilwane zingadla amanani ahlukahlukene wokudla usuku lonke. Kubalulekile ukuba banikeze ukudla kwezikhathi ezimbili, okuthi ngesikhathi sehlobo kube no-200-300 g wotshani obusha noma i-hay (i-alfalfa, i-clover), i-130 g ye-rye noma ibhali, i-10 g ye -chacha, i-5 g yokudlela yezinhlanzi nosawoti. Ebusika, ekudleni kufanele kunothiswe ngezilimo zezimpande (akukho ngaphezu kwama-200 g we izaqathe namazambane anconywayo ngosuku). Futhi entwasahlobo, amahlumela we-birch ne-oki, umvini, amahlumela amasha kakolweni nokhula ngeke abe ngama-feeder amakhulu.
- Imodi yokuphuza. Kwi-waterfowl kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ingxenye edingekayo yesiphuzo ngesikhathi esifanele. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi abaphuzayo bahlala behlanzekile futhi begcwele. Kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukukhawulela “emanzini” izinsikazi ezizalela inzalo, kanye nezilwane ezincane.
- Ukushisa okwamukelekayo ebusika. Izinduku ezihlosiwe zokududuzeka kwazo zidinga ukudluliswa kusuka ezinkanjini zasehlobo ziye egumbini elinokufudumala, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya kufanele libe ku + 8 ... + 19 ° С.
Ekhaya, i-nutria ibuye ifakwe yimindeni, equkethe abantu abangu-10-15 esitokisini esisodwa. Kodwa-ke, kwenzeka ukuthi izilwane ezinomlingiswa omubi ziqhamuke zikhombisa ubudlova hhayi kwamanye amalungu epakethe kuphela, kodwa nakubantu. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi abantu abanjalo bagcinwe ngokwahlukana futhi kufanele baphathwe ngokucophelela okukhulu.
Inani lenyama
Ukunambitha, inyama enomsoco ngezindlela eziningi ifana nengulube, noma kunjalo iqhathaniswa kahle nayo "ngokukhanya" kwayo kanye nezakhiwo eziwusizo.
Ngokuqukethwe kwekhalori okungama-149 kilocalories nge-100 g yomkhiqizo, inani lokudla okunempilo limi ngalendlela elandelayo:
squirrels | 23, 92 g |
amafutha | 4.72 g |
carbohydrate | 1.01 g |
amanzi | 70.82 g |
umlotha | 0.98 g |
Kuqukethe (nge-100 g):
thiamine | 0.058 mg |
tocopherol | 0.95 mg |
i-folacin | 12.51 mg |
i-biotin | 0.009 mcg |
i-pantothenic acid | 0.44 mg |
i-retinol | 0.06 mg |
riboflavin | 0.21 mg |
uvithamini C | 1,97 mg |
choline | 125.1 mg |
cobalamin | 7.81 mcg |
niacin | 1,85 mg |
insimbi | 6.8 mg |
potaziyamu | 347.7 mg |
calcium | 14.89 mg8 |
cobalt | 14, 88 mcg |
i-magnesium | 24, 79 mg |
manganese | 26 mcg |
ithusi | 151 mcg |
i-sodium | 50.8 mg |
zinc | 2,5 mg | iodine | 5.3 mcg | phosphorus | 236, 8 mg | i-fluorine | 103.4 mcg | selenium | 26,5 mcg |
Kubantu abadla njalo inyama ye-nutria, izinguquko ezinhle emzimbeni ziyaqapheleka.
- Lokhu kudliwa okulula ukukhohlakala kukholakala ukuthi kunemiphumela elandelayo yezempilo:
- qinisa amasosha omzimba (anconywe ngabasebenza ngokudla okunempilo ngemuva kokuzivocavoca umzimba ngokugula kanye nokugula isikhathi eside),
- kondla umzimba, ihlinzeke ngamaphrotheni adingekayo, amavithamini kanye namaminerali wokukhuluphala (kusiza ukulahlekelwa ngamakhilogremu angeziwe),
- kwenyusa amandla (kusiza ukubhekana nokulala, ukuqwasha),
- ithuthukisa isimo sezinwele, izipikili nesikhumba,
- ivuselela ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone we-thyroid (anconyelwe ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-yegilo),
- kusebenze imetabolism
- kuthuthukisa ukubalwa kwegazi (nge-anemia).
Inani leFur
Iningi elonakaliswe ngokunethezeka, abathengi babheka i-nutria njengento eluhlaza okwenziwe isilinganiso sesibili. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kochwepheshe, lokhu kuwubuni ongabizi oqinisekisa abanikazi abasezingeni eliphezulu nokugqokwa okuhle.
- Izici eziyinhloko zezikhumba ezinempilo zingabhekwa:
- ubukhulu be-hairline (uvolo we-nutria udlula kakhulu isikhumba sezimvu kulezi zici),
- izakhiwo ezivikela ukushisa (izinga labo lingafaniswa neTuscany),
- ukukhanya, okunikeza isithsaba esikhethekile kwimikhiqizo eqediwe (ku-nutria kuyafana nakwi-rocaon, fox),
- Izikhumba eziningi, ezilinganiswa nochwepheshe nge-karakul ne-beaver,
- ubukhulu kanye nokuqina kwesikhumba se-nutria (ngokuqhathaniswa nokuqhekeka kanye ne-tuscan),
- ukumelana nomswakama (lezi zindawo zemvelo zitholakala kuphela esikhunjeni esinempilo).
Embonini yezemfashini yesimanje, ukuthambekela kokusetshenziswa kwensimbi ye-sheya ye-sheya, okuthi kudidaniswe kalula naleyo ebiza kakhulu, kuvame ukubonwa. Inqubo yezobuchwepheshe yokucutshungulwa kwayo ihlinzekela ukuqondaniswa kwezinwele novalo olude. Ijazi loboya obuvela kulezi zikhumba lizobukeka lihlelekile iminyaka emi-5.
Izici zokupholisa zamafutha
Amafutha emsoco anconyelwe njengomkhiqizo kalula wokugaya ukudla, ongancibilikisi ongakwazi ukulimaza umzimba womuntu. Kuyalulekwa nokuthi kudliwe abantu abaphethwe yi-hypertension.
- Ngenhloso zokwelapha, kusetshenziselwa:
- Izifo ze-catarrhal (ukuqeda umkhuhlane, kwanele ukugcoba emakhaleni izinsuku ezi-2),
- i-bronchitis ne-pneumonia (ngenxa yempahla yokuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi nokufafaza i-sputum, kunconyelwa ukusithambisa isifuba nendawo ephakathi kwamagabade ehlombe ngokunyakaza komzimba, bese uzimboza ngengubo efudumele),
- umphimbo obuhlungu (izingcindezi ezifudumele ziyasebenza)
- amanxeba ajulile, angalapheki kahle, imifantu eyi-calcaneal (isetshenziswe ngaphandle).
Ukuvimbela Izifo
Umndeni we-nutria unesimiso sokuzivikela somzimba esakhiwe kahle nempilo enhle. Ezimweni zasepulazini nasezasendle, akuvami ukugula. Ukuba namathuba aphansi wokutheleleka ngezifo ezithathelwanayo kanye nezifo, ziqhathanisa kahle nezinye izilwane zoboya.
Kodwa-ke, ngokulungiswa okungafanele, kanye nokuqubuka kobhubhane, amacala okutheleleka kwezifo ezifana:
- I-Salmonellosis. Ama-causative agents wokutheleleka angena emzimbeni wesilwane ngama-feed angcolile neziphuzo. Futhi, abathwali bazo ngamagundane, izimpukane, ondlunkulu nabantu. Izilwane ezincane zisengozini enkulu yalesi sifo. Ukuqeda ukutheleleka, kuyadingeka ukuqeda abantu abagulayo (bayabulawa futhi bashiswe), ukukhipha amaseli omzimba, kufaka phakathi imishini, futhi kusetshenziswe isifundo seLevomycetin, iBiotin, noma iFurazolidone kuwo wonke umndeni. Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, ukugonyelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi konyaka kukhonjiswa.
- Pasteurellosis. Ama-conductors we-pathogenic microflora angukudla namanzi, kanye namanye amagundane, izinyoni, imfuyo. Lesi sifo sibonisa ngokufa okuphezulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa ezigabeni zokuqala. Imvamisa ezimeni ezinje, odokotela bezilwane banquma "iBicillin-3", "Streptomycin", "Penicillin." Ukuvikela lesi sifo, kubalulekile ukugoma izilwane nge-serum ekhethekile ngesikhathi esifanele.
- Isifo sofuba. Inkambo yalesi sifo i-asymptomatic. Imbangela yokukhula kwayo kungaba yizihlobo ezigulayo noma ubisi lwenkomo ethelelekile. Izimpawu ezihlasimulisayo ukuphefumula komoya, ukukhwehlela, ukunganaki, nokungasebenzi. Akunakwenzeka ukusindisa amawadi, umphumela obulalayo uvame ukwenzeka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokutheleleka. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ama-natiria enziwe ekhaya ngokudla okunempilo nokunakekelwa okufanele.
Lezi izifo ezivame kakhulu futhi eziyingozi ezisongela ama-beavers ophoqelekile. Ukwephulwa kwezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwazo kungadala ukukhula kwe-helminthiasis, ubuthi bokudla, i-ringworm. Uma uthola izimpawu zokuqala, xhumana nodokotela wakho wezilwane ukuthola usizo.
Ukuthengwa kweNutria, intengo
Abafuyi abazothenga i-koipa okokuqala ngqa, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi kuthengwe izilwane ezisencane ezinyangeni ezimbili. Owesifazane onempilo ngalesi sikhathi kufanele abe nesisindo okungenani esingu-1.5 kg, kuthi owesilisa - abe ngu-2.3 kg. Impilo ye-rodent ifakazelwa yilezi: izihlanza zamakhala ezihlanzekile, amehlo acacile nenqwaba egqamile. Kubalulekile ukuhlola amarekhodi wezilwane.
Abathengi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayazi ukuthi ukuthola abantu abakhulu akufanele unikeze ukukhetha kuzilwane ezinkulu ezinkulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukuthola i-nutria enempilo futhi ngokuzayo ubanikeze izimo zikhululekile zokukhula.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukwenza lokho kuthenga emapulazini ahlonishwayo ezilwane nasezindlini zezilwane zasekhaya. Hlala unaka izimo lapho izilwane zigcinwa khona. Okuncanyelwayo ngabantu abangakudla okubandakanya kuphela ukudla okuvela emvelweni, kanye nalezo ezifinyeleleka mahhala emanzini.
E-Russia, intengo ye-natiria iqala kuma-ruble angama-500 umuntu ngamunye. Ngemali enjalo ungathenga insikazi encane. Abadala abondliwe kahle bangaphakathi kwama-ruble ayi-1.5.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Yilezi zinto abafuyi abaningi abanolwazi abazinaka.
Izilwane ezithambekele njengokudlala kwesilwane esijwayelekile, kuyaqabukela kukhombisa ulaka kubantu.
Kaningi, ukuhlaselwa okunonya kubonwa kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokuthomba.
Ngokuya ngaphansi kwezindlela zokuhlanzeka nemithetho yokunakekelwa, ukuzalaniswa kwama-marsh beavers ngeke kube yinto ekhangayo kuphela, kodwa futhi kungumthombo wezezimali obalulekile womndeni.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngamagundane
Ukubuka izilwane kuyathakazelisa kakhulu.
Zibonele:
- Izilwane zidla iphalishi enamafidi amaningi. Amaphaphu agqekeza izingcezu. Ukuhlafuna, amboze amehlo abo futhi ukujabhile ngenjabulo.
- Isikhathi ngasinye, lapho sesizofaka iqabunga lotshani emlonyeni wakhe, i-rodent iya kuqala ukuyicwilisa echibini, yenze ukunyakaza okungathi iyayigeza.
- Ukudla, okunikezwe ngumnikazi, iziqobelo, i-nutria yasekhaya ngokuqhubekayo idonsa i-paws kumuntu, icela ingxenye entsha. Lokhu kuzoqhubeka kuze isicelo samukelwe.
INutria yizilwane ezihehayo kakhulu. Ngenhloso yezentengiselwano, kulula kakhulu ukuwagcina kunama-mink kanye nama-beavers. Ama-rodents anganakekela ngokuzimela ukudla kwawo, empeleni awakhiphi iphunga elingajabulisi futhi adinga ukunakekelwa okuncane ekunakekelweni, njenganoma yiziphi izilwane ezifuywayo.
Incazelo nokubukeka kwe-nutria
ICoipu ibukeka njengegundane elikhulu. Ubude bomzimba wesilwane kwesinye isikhathi budlula ama-60 cm, ngaphandle komsila. Isisindo esijwayelekile se-rodent singama-5-7 kg, noma kunjalo, abantu abatholwa banesisindo esithe xaxa
Isilwane sinomzimba oqinile, umthambo osindayo. Ikhanda le-nutria likhulu, futhi izindlebe zalo namehlo mancane. Umsipha wesilwane uyisiphukuphuku, phambi kwaso kunama-vibrissae amade. Izinto ezifakayo ku-nutria zingumbala wewolintshi. Isiqu esikhulu esiminyene sibanjwa imilenze emifushane.
Njengoba isilwane siphila indlela yokuphila yasemanzini, ukwakheka komzimba wayo kunezici ezithile:
- Impumulo. Amapharagi wesikhumba wesilwane afakwe izicubu ezikhethekile ezivala lapho isilwane singaphansi kwamanzi.
- Izindebe. Izinduku ziyakwazi ukudla khona emanzini, ngenxa yesakhiwo sezindebe ezikhethekile. Bajwayele ukuvala ngemuva kwezinkomba, okuvimbela amanzi ukuthi angangeni emgodini womlomo.
- Umsila. Le ngxenye yomzimba we-nutria isebenza njengesihlalo esingaphansi kwamanzi. Umsila mude - 45 cm, akukho boya kuwo, kepha kukhona izikali, eziqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okuhle.
- Imilenze yezinsikazi. Zifakwe ulwelwesi, sibonga ngalo lapho i-nutria ibhukuda ngokushesha.
- Uhlanga lwama-rodent alunanzi emanzini. Inezinwele zangaphandle eziqinile, ngaphansi kwazo kukhona ngaphansi kwekhofi ethambile. Esiswini nasezinhlangothini, ijazi lilula futhi likhulu, okuvumela ukuthi ugcine ukushisa kule ngxenye yomzimba.
- E-nutria yabesifazane, izingono ziphakeme futhi zisetshenziselwa izinhlangothi ezihlobene nendawo maphakathi nesifuba. Lokhu kuhlelwa kwezinduna ezincelisayo kusiza ukondla amawundlu emanzini.
Inkomba. I-beaver ebukwayo ayinaso isikhathi sokuncibilikisa. Ijazi lakhe liguquka kancane kancane unyaka wonke. Ukulahlekelwa izinwele kucishe ngokuphelele kuphela ebusika. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho izilwane zazinoboya obukhulu futhi obuhle kakhulu.
Lapho kuhlala khona ama-nutria: indlela yokuphila kanye nokudla
AbakwaNutria baphila indlela yokuphila yasemanzini eyinqaba. Zihamba ngamaqembu amancane ezilwane eziyi-10-13, zande ogwini lwamachibi nemifula. Iqembu ngalinye livame ukuba nezabesifazane abanezalo nomakhi oyedwa wesilisa. Abesilisa abancane abayona ingxenye yeqembu, kodwa baphila ngokwahlukana.
AbakwaNutria baphila indlela yokuphila yasemanzini eyinqaba
INutria ihlala eduze namachibi emvelo lapho kungekho khona amandla anamandla. Isimo esibalulekile inala yokudla. Isilwane sidla ngeziqu namahlamvu ezitshalo. Umhlanga nokubhukuda kubusa ekudleni. Futhi, uthando lwe-nutria lokudla nge:
Ukudla kwezilwane okuguqukayo kwezilwane kungadla ngezikhathi ezithile. Uma kunokuntuleka kokudla kwezitshalo endaweni lapho kuhlala khona ama-nutria, adla ama-leeches noma ama-mollusks.
Ama-Rodents azalela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Isimo esibalulekile sokukhetha izindawo zokuhlala hhayi nje kuphela ubuningi bezimila ezisebenza njengokudla, kodwa futhi nethuba lokuhlela izindawo zokuphephela nezidleke. INutria ingimba imigodi nemisele eyinkimbinkimbi osebeni lomfula lwezidumbu zamanzi. Uma zingekho, izilwane zihlala emaqhugwaneni, zakhe izindawo zokukhosela ezivela emaphethweni omhlanga.
Izilwane ezihlala ezindaweni ezinezintaba kuyaqabukela zikhuphukela ekuphakameni okungaphezulu kwamamitha ayi-1200, ngoba imifino ezindaweni ezinjengalezi iyindawo elula. Ama-rodents ayakwazi ukubekezelela amaqhwaqele amabi, ngenxa yoboya bawo, kepha awakwazi ukuhlala njalo emazingeni okushisa womoya ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:
Nutria ukubhukuda okukhulu
- izilwane azithandi ukwenza ubusika ukudla,
- abazi ukuthi bangazakhela kanjani izindawo zokuphephela ezithembekile ezibavikela ekuhlaselweni yizilwane ezidla inyama,
- namagundane afa ngaphansi kobukhulu beqhwa uma angangena emgodini weqhwa, ngoba awahambisani kahle nezimo ezinjalo.
AbakwaNutria babhukuda ngokuphelele, ngaphansi kwamanzi bayakwazi ukuhlala imizuzu eyi-10. Izitho zokuzwa ze-beaver ebunjiwe zithuthukiswe kahle, kepha ziyehluleka ukubuka nokuhogela. Uma kwenzeka ingozi, izilwane ziyakwazi ukukhula ngesivinini esikhulu, zihambe emhlabeni ngaphansi kwezimo ezingajwayelekile, kepha azinamandla. Isilwane asikwazi ukugijima isikhathi eside, lapho sikhathala, siba yisisulu sesilo sasendle.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo nge-rodent
Ukutshala i-nutria kwaqalwa ngenjongo yokuthengisa e-Argentina, ngawo-20s wekhulu lama-20. Kusukela ngalesosikhathi, lezi zilwane sezithole ukuthandwa okukhulu nangokwengeziwe, futhi konke kubonga ngoboya bazo obuyigugu, obunempahla ethinta amanzi. Cabanga ngamanye amaqiniso ajabulisayo ngamagundane:
- uboya bezinga eliphakeme kakhulu butholakala ezilwaneni ezihlatshwa ebusika,
- inyama yezilwane ilungele impilo - kunconywa ukuyifaka ekudleni kwezingane, asebekhulile nalabo abahlushwa yizifo zohlelo lokugaya ukudla,
- kwamanye amazwe, i-nutria ithathwa njengesiyambuzane ngoba ibangela ukulimala okukhulu ezinhlelweni zokunisela, icekela phansi imifudlana yemifula namachibi, futhi ichithe nezitshalo zasemanzini.
Ukujwayelana ne-nutria kuyasiza kulabo abahlela ukuhileleka ekufuyeni izilwane. Ngokwazi izimfanelo zabo nokuba nombono wendlela yokuphila, umlimi uzokwazi ukubanikeza izimo ezifanele zokuhlala. Impilo nobumbano bezilwane, futhi ngenxa yalokho inzuzo yokuthengiswa kwezilwane, incike kulokhu.
Indlela Yokuphila Nempilo
INutria ihola indlela yokuphila yasemanzini. Izindawo ezithandekayo ziyizidalwa zamanzi ezinamanzi amancane agobhozayo noma amile: amabhange asemifuleni asemifuleni, amachibi amachibi amachibi kanye nezindawo ezihlala kuzo ezinezihlahla ezinamanzi asemanzini nasogwini. Gwema amahlathi aqhubekayo, awakhuphuki ngaphezu kuka-1200 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle ezintabeni (i-Andes). Esiqhingini saseChonos isiqhingi (eChile) sihlala ogwini lwezidumbu zamanzi ezinosawoti nezihlanganayo. INutria ingakwazi ukubekezelela iqhwa lize liye ku-− 35 ° C, kepha ngokuvamile alishintshiwe empilweni esimweni esibandayo.
Emvelweni, isebenza ikakhulu ebusuku. INutria idla ama-rhizomes, isiqu namaqabunga omhlanga nezindawo ezihlala kuzo. Ukudla okwengeziwe kungemhlanga, isifuba samanzi, iminduze yamanzi, namapayipi. Ukudla kwezilwane (i-leeches, ama-mollusks) akuvamile ukudliwa, ngokuntuleka kwemifino.
INutria ihola indlela yokuphila eyi-nomadic, ihlala endaweni yokuphakela nokukhosela. Phumula futhi uzale inzalo ezidlekeni ezivulekile ezihlelelwe ama-bumps nasezithombeni eziminyene zeziqu ezigoqiwe zomhlanga nezindawo ezifuywayo. Ukugeleza kwemisele emabhange emaweni - kusuka emhubheni olula kuya ezinhlelweni zokuhamba eziyinkimbinkimbi. Indawo yokukhosela eNutria ingatholakala futhi ezindleleni lapho isilwane silandelela ezitshalweni eziseduze. AbakwaNutria bahlala emaqenjini abantu abangu-2-13, abahlanganisa abesifazane abadala, inzalo yabo nabesilisa. Abesilisa abasebasha bavame ukuhlala bodwa.
INutria ibhukuda futhi ishayeke kahle. Kungaba ngaphansi kwamanzi imizuzu eyi-10. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, ayinaselula futhi imvamisa ifihla emthunzini. Akuvumelaniswa nokuphila emizimbeni yamakhaza eqhwa - ayakhi indawo yokukhosela ethembekile ebandayo nakwizinyamazane, ayikugcini ukudla ebusika, njengoba kwenza ama-beavers, ama-muskrats nezinye izinduku zasenyakatho zamanzi. INutria ayilolongi kahle ngaphansi kweqhwa, icwila emgodini weqhwa, imvamisa ayitholi indlela yokuphuma futhi ife.
INutria inendlebe ekhule kahle - iyesabisa ngisho nokugqwala okuncane. Naphezu kokuhamba kancane, ugijima ngokushesha impela, ngenkathi eqa, kepha usheshe akhathale. Umbono nephunga akuthuthukiswa kancane.
Incazelo yeRentent
Ezimweni zayo zangaphandle, i-nutria ifana ne-rat enkulu. Ubude bomzimba bama-rodent bufika kuma-60 cm, umsila ungama-45 cm ubude, isisindo se-nutria sisuka ku-5 kuye kwayi-12 kg. Abesilisa bavame ukuba bakhulu kunabesifazane.
Umzimba usindayo nekhanda elikhulu, amehlo amancane nezindlebe. Amachaphaza amfushane kunalokho. Ubuso abubuthuntu, bunama-vibrissae amade abekwe phezu kwawo. Izifiso zingumbala owolintshi okhanyayo.
Indlela yokuphila yasemanzini esezingeni eliphezulu inqume ezinye zezici zokwakheka kwalolu hlobo. Ngakho-ke, ukuvuleka kwamakhala kwe-natiria kunemisipha yokukhiya ekhethekile futhi kuvalwe ngokuqinile uma kunesidingo. Izindebe ezingaphambili zihlukaniswe, zivaliwe ngokuqinile ngemuva kwezinkomba, lokhu kuvumela isilwane ukuququda izitshalo ngaphansi kwamanzi futhi kulokhu kungavumeli amanzi emlonyeni waso. Izinduna zitholakala phakathi kweminwe yemilenze yangemuva. Umsila uzungeze umumo, ngaphandle kwezinwele, ingaphezulu limbozwe yisikhumba esibucayi, ngenkathi ukubhukuda umsila we-nutria kusebenza njengevili lokuqondisa. Amabhuzu ama-4-5 wezinsana ezincelisayo nezingono zitholakala phezulu ezinhlangothini zezinsikazi ze-nutria, ukuze izingane zithole ukudla ngisho nasemanzini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-nutria ine fur fur engangeni manzi, equkethe ama-awns ama-coarse eside nama-undercoat amnyama asontekile. Ezinhlangothini, ijazi lilula, linombala ophuzi. Ngasesiswini nasezinhlangothini, sikhulu kunasemuva, ngenhloso yokugcina ukushisa emzimbeni ophansi. Ukuhlanza kubantu abadala kwenzeka kancane kancane unyaka wonke. Yehlisa ijubane ngandlela thile kuphela phakathi kwehlobo (ukusuka kuJulayi kuya ku-Agasti) nasebusika (ukusuka ngoNovemba kuya ku-Mashi). INutria inaboya obuhle kakhulu kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuMashi.
Izici zomsoco weNutria
INutria iyisilwane esidla imifino ikakhulukazi. Udla ama-rhizomes, isiqu, umhlanga kanye namaqabunga ama-cattery. Futhi ekudleni kwe-rodent kungumhlanga, ama-chestnut, umnduze wamanzi, namanzi abomvu. Ngezikhathi ezithile, i-nutria nayo idla ukudla kwezilwane (i-leeches, ama-mollusks), kepha kuphela ezimweni lapho kungekho khona imifino eyanele.
Ihlala kuphi i-nutria?
Photo: Live Nutria
Kuqala, le mpuku yayihlala eMelika eseNingizimu kuphela. Leli yizwe lakhe. Kwatholakala endaweni kusukela eBrazil kuya eStrait of Magellan. Namuhla, lesi silwane sisatshalaliswa ngaphezu kwamanye amazwekazi amaningi. Wakwazi kahle eYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, eCaucasus, eTajikistan, eKyrgyzstan. INutria ivele kulezi zindawo ngenxa yohlelo lokwakhiwa kabusha kwezindlu.
Izinhlelo zokwenziwa kabusha kwe-nutria zenziwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Ezimweni eziningi, i-nutria ivumelane nezimo ngokuphelele, yaqala ukwanda ngenkuthalo nokuzinza emazweni amasha. Kodwa-ke, bekukhona izingqinamba enqubweni yokuhlelelwa kabusha. Ama-rodent awazange aqhamuke e-Afrika, kwenye ingxenye yengxenye yezwe elaliyiSoviet Union. Kwezinye izindawo, i-nutria yaqala ukuvela, kepha yafa ekuqaleni kobusika.
Isibonelo, inani labantu labhujiswa ngokuphelele yiqhwa elinamandla eScandinavia, kwezinye izifundazwe ezisenyakatho ye-USA.
Impilo ye-nutria, bakhetha izindawo eziseduze nemizimba yamanzi, amachibi, ukubhukuda. Amanzi echibini kufanele aqine, noma ageleze kancane, ugu lwamachibi nezixhaphozi - lugqunywe. Emahlathini aminyene, izintaba, lesi silwane asihlali. Ayenzeki ngenhla kwamamitha ayinkulungwane ngaphezu kolwandle. Futhi, izindawo ezinamakhaza ebusika kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu ayagwemeka.
Ngabe kudla ini?
Photo: Male Nutria
Impilo yonke, uKoipu ukhetha ukukhetha amabhange asemfuleni omfula, amachibi angajulile, imizimba yamanzi enamanzi amile. Benza imisele ogwini, lapho kukhona khona izimila eziningi. Endaweni abahlala kuyo akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi i-nutria idlani. Iningi lokudla kwalo ukudla kwezitshalo. Lezi zilwane azithobeki ekudleni.
Bayakuthanda ukwenza idili ku-:
- Amaqabunga, ukhipha izikebhe zamakati,
- Amahlumela amasha omhlanga
- Izimpande zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene zasemanzini nezasemhlabeni,
- Iminduze yamanzi nezinhlanga
- Isifuba samanzi.
Uma i-rodent iqala ukuthola indlala endaweni yayo yokuhlala, ingadla izimbumbulu, ama-leeches noma izibungu zezinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngokuntuleka kokudla okungenamsoco, ama-natiria akhetha ukumane athole indawo entsha yokuphila.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Zonke izinhlelo ze-nutria, izici zalo zokuthambisa ziguqulwe kahle ukuze ziphile emanzini. Ukwakheka okukhethekile kwezitho kuvumela isilwane ukudla ukudla ngisho nangaphansi kwezichibi ngaphandle kokuphefumula.
Ukudla lapho ugcina ama-nutria ekhaya kuhluke kancane.Ukukhula okungcono, uboya obuhle, abafuyi bezilwane bondla izilwane ngokudla okukhethekile okunempilo ngokufakwa okusanhlamvu, utshani, imifino. Kwesinye isikhathi abanikazi bamapulazi bengeza ukudla okusele etafuleni labo ekudleni kwansuku zonke.
Okuphakelayo kuxuthiwe, kuntshontshiwe. Ukudla okunjalo kubhekwa njengokusebenza kakhulu. Lapho kugcinwa inani elikhulu lezilwane ezomile feed zingasetshenziswa. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, umthetho owodwa obalulekile kumele ubonwe - amanzi amasha ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele abekhona nge-nutria. Lokhu kubalulekile.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Owesifazane waseNutria
Impilo yonke ye-nutria idlula eduze kwamachibi, imifula, Swink. Isilwane sigwema izintaba, isimo sezulu esibandayo. Ukwakha izimbobo zayo, ikhetha izindawo ezinemifino ephezulu, ngoba ukudla kwezitshalo kwakha amaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye kokudla kwansuku zonke. Indlela yokuphila ye-nutria ingabizwa ngokuthi yi-semi-aquatic. Isilwane sichitha isikhathi esiningi emanzini. Angadla khona, abhukuda.
ICoipu isebenza kakhulu endaweni yemvelo ebusuku. Ebusuku bathola ukudla ngentshiseko. Badla umhlanga, ama-rhizomes, amaqabunga, umhlanga. Uma kunotshani obuncane, bangabamba futhi badle i-leech, i-mollusk. Indlela yokuphila yalezi zilwane incane ngokulandelana. INutria iyivelakancane lapho behlala endaweni eyodwa. Zihlala zihamba ngokuntuleka kokudla kwezitshalo.
Iqiniso elikhangayo: UKoipu ukubhukuda okukhulu. Ngaphandle komoya, lezi zilwanyana ezincelisayo zingahamba amamitha angaphezu kwamakhulu ngaphansi kwamanzi. Babamba umoya wabo imizuzu eyisikhombisa kuya kweyishumi ngaphandle kokulimaza imizimba yabo.
INutria yakha izimbobo emabhange asemaweni, emithambekeni. Ama-Shelter avame ukuba nezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhamba. Izilwane eziningana zihlala emiseleni ngasikhathi sinye - ukusuka kwababili kuya kwabayishumi. Amaqembu anjalo anabantu besifazane abaningana, owesilisa kanye nenzalo yabo. Abesilisa abancane bathanda ukuhlala bodwa, bebodwa.
Njenganoma yisiphi esinye isilwane noboya, i-nutria ine-molt. Kodwa-ke, ku-coipu ayinqunyelwe ngesikhathi. Ukuhanjiswa ngezinga elithile noma kwelinye kwenzeka unyaka wonke. Izinwele ezincane kunazo zonke ziwa ngezikhathi zasehlobo nezekwindla zonyaka. Ebusika kuphela lapho ukulahlekelwa kuphele ngokuphelele. Ebusika, lezi zilwane zinoboya bezinga eliphakeme kunazo zonke.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Photo: Baby Nutria
U-Koipu uzalela ngokuphelele ku-vivo nasekuthunjweni. Kuyinzalo ephezulu evumela ukuthi kugcinwe inani lezilwane zisezingeni elanele. Ngonyaka owodwa, insikazi endala ingazala kaningana. Esikhathini esisodwa sokukhulelwa, insikazi ithwala amazinyane angaba yisikhombisa.
Amadoda alo mndeni alungele inqubo yokuzalanisa unyaka wonke. Bajwayele ukusebenza, ngokungafani namantombazane abo. Kwabesifazane, umsebenzi wenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela - zonke izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili nanhlanu kuya kwamashumi amathathu. Ngokuvamile, i-nutria iletha inzalo ngenkathi efudumele - entwasahlobo, ehlobo. Ukukhulelwa kwesilwane akuhlali isikhathi eside - cishe izinsuku eziyikhulu namashumi amathathu. Ukuzala kwabesifazane kuncipha ngeminyaka emithathu.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Amawundlu amaCoipu anamanani aphezulu okusinda. Ama-nutria amancane ayakwazi ukuzivumelanisa cishe manjalo nezimo zezwe elibazungezile. Izilwane zamukela imikhuba yabazali bazo ngokoqobo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa. Baqala nokubhukuda, zama ukudla okuthile kwezitshalo.
Izingane zeCoipu zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Inani eliphakeme lokukhula livela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zokuphila. Ngalesi sikhathi, bashiya isidleke somndeni, baqale ukuziphilela impilo yokuzimela. Emvelweni wemvelo, lesi silwane siphila cishe iminyaka emihlanu.
Ukuziphatha kwe-Nutria
INutria inendlela yokuphila yasemanzini esezingeni eliphansi. Lesi silwane sihlala ezindlini ezinamanzi agobhozayo noma amile emanzini, ngasogwini lomfula olunamanzi, emachibini amachibi kanye nakuma-alder-sedge bugs, lapho kukhula khona imifino yasemanzini neyasogwini lapho ibondla khona. AbakwaNutria bayazi ukubhukuda futhi ungene emanzini kahle. Bahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi imizuzu eyi-10. Kusukela ekushiseni bacasha emthunzini.
Igwema i-nutria yamahlathi aqhubekayo; ezintabeni ayiveli ngaphezu kwe-1200 m ngaphezu kolwandle. Ngokuvamile i-Nutria ibekezelela iqhwa liye ku-35 ° C, kodwa ngokuvamile alifanele impilo ezimweni ezibandayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isilwane asizakhi izindawo zokuphephela ezithembekile kumakhaza nabazingeli, ngoba ubusika abukwenzi ukudla, ngokungafani ne-beaver noma i-muskrat. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-nutria ayithambekele kahle ngaphansi kweqhwa; lapho igxotshwa emgodini weqhwa, ayikwazi ukuthola indlela yokuphuma futhi ife.
Ezimweni zemvelo, i-nutria isebenza ebusuku.
AmaNutria ayimichilo yama-semi-nomadic; lapho ukudla kuningi futhi izindawo zokukhosela zitholakala, azihambeli kude. Kukhipha izithombo bese ziphumula ezidlekeni ezivulekile, ezakhiwe ngezibhakela nasemathangeni omhlanga nasekati, eziqwini zazo. Eduze namabhange asezingeni le-nutria, kuqhuma iminki, yomibili imigudu elula nezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhamba. Ungabathola ezindleleni ezinyathelwa ngamagundane ezitshalweni eziseduze. INutria imvamisa ihlala emaqenjini abantu abangu-2-13, okubandakanya abesifazane abadala, inzalo nabesilisa. Abesilisa abancane bahlala bodwa ngasikhathi.
ICoypu inezindlebe ezikhule kahle, isilwane sigxuma ngokushesha nge-gxuma. Umbono nephunga akakhiwa kahle.
Ukusakazeka kweNutria
INutria iyakwazi ukuzala unyaka wonke futhi iyizilwane ezandayo. Izikhathi zokwenziwa kocansi okuphezulu kakhulu kwabesilisa ziphindwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-25-30. Owesifazane uvame ukubonisa amalitha ama-2-3 ngonyaka ngama-cubes angama-10 lilinye, entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-127 kuye kwezingu-132. Ukukhula okunamandla kwe-nutria encane kuyaqhubeka kuze kube sezinyanga ezi-6,6. Eminyakeni engu-3-4, ukuzala kwe-nutria kuyancipha
Isilinganiso sokuphila isikhathi eside se-nutria yiminyaka engu-6-8.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Sekuyisikhathi eside iNutria iyindaba ebalulekile yokudoba. Uboya bayo busebenza kakhulu, nenyama inambitheka omuhle kakhulu. Kuze kube manje, inyama yalesi silwane ibhekwa njengokudla ngokuphelele. Kulokhu, iningi le-nutria lafa ezandleni zabazingeli. Lokhu kuzoholela ekunyamalaleni ngokuphelele kwabamele lo mndeni, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi baqala ukuzalanisa ama-nutria emapulazini ase-zoo bawasabalalisa nakwamanye amazwe.
Amacala wokuzingela anciphise kakhulu selokhu kwaqala amapulazi e-zoo, lapho ama-nutria ayedotshwa khona lapho ayedotshwa khona. Kodwa-ke, ukuzingela lezi zilwane kuyadingeka kuze kube namuhla. Ingxenye yezilwane zabalekela amapulazi ase-zoo zaya endle, inani elithile lakhululwa ngabalimi ngokwabo ngenxa yesidingo esisheshayo soboya. Konke lokhu kwenze ukuthi sikwazi ukubuyisa ngokushesha inani labantu balezi zilwanyana ezincelisayo.
Futhi, izinhlelo zokuhlala kabusha zisindise i-nutria ekuqothulweni. UKoipu wazijwayela ngokushesha ezindaweni ezintsha. Ngokungangabazeki, ukuzala kwemvelo kuyabasiza ukuba balondoloze inani eliphakeme labantu. Lezi izilwane ezincelisayo zizalela kaningi, ngokushesha. Amawundlu awo avumelana kalula nezimo zonke. Okuhlukile kungamaqhwa amakhulu kuphela. Zonke lezi zinto zenza kube nokwenzeka ukugcina inani elizinzileyo le-nutria labantu ezindaweni abahlala kuzo. Okwamanje, inani lalezi zilwane alibangeli ukukhathazeka phakathi kososayensi.
INutria - I-rodent ethokozisayo negcwele. Lesi silwane sikwazi ukukhiqiza inzalo kaningana ngonyaka. Idla ukudla kwezitshalo, ukubhukuda nokuntywila kahle. AmaKoipu nawo angumgomo obalulekile wokudoba. Izilwane zinoboya obukhulu, obufudumele, obunempilo futhi obudlayo. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, zizalelwa emapulazini ase-zoo cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba.