Abaningi bethu babuze imibuzo ephindaphindiwe: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwama-rainbow boas? Ungayihlukanisa kanjani i-Epicrate crassus ku-Epicrate alvarezi? Noma yimuphi umehluko phakathi kwe-Epicates assisi ne-Epicrate cenchria? Namuhla ngizozama ukuphendula le mibuzo.

Futhi ake siqale, mhlawumbe, ngesimeleli esithandwa kakhulu nesikhanyayo kunazo zonke semvula yaseBrazil (u-Epicrate cenchria). Isizinda sombala oyinhloko sivame ukuba nsundu ngokubomvu. Ngasemuva kunezindawo ezinkulu ezikhanyayo ezizungezwe ubumnyama, ngingasho ukuthi zimnyama, izindandatho. Ezinhlangothini kukhona amabala amnyama amnyama anomugqa okhanyayo wenyanga ngaphezulu. Futhi esiswini sona leso kusekhona amabala amancanyana amnyama.

Manje ngithanda ukubhala ngokuhlukile kwabo ama-Columbian rainbow boas (ama-Epicrate maurus). Uma u-E. cenchria engummeleli ogqamile, khona-ke ama-maurus angama-unturpressessing kakhulu, kepha, kepha awekho ophansi ekudumeni kubo. Izinyoka ezincane ngemuva ezingemuva ziveza izindawo ezikhanyayo nemivimbo enomphetho onsundu onsundu. “Amehlo” amnyama ahamba ezinhlangothini. Kepha ngeminyaka, balahlekelwa iphethini (isibalo). Ingemuva iba nsundu futhi iphethini ebonakalayo kancane ihlala ikulo, abanye abantu bane-tint ebomvu. Kunjalo ngoba baba nsundu ngendlela efanayo nobudala okunzima ukubahlanganisa nabanoma yiluphi uhlobo.

Bese kuba nzima. Abameli abathathu abasele banesithombe futhi bapendwe ngombala onsundu. Ama-rainbow boas wase-Argentina (ama-Epicrate alvarezi) avame ukuba nsundu, ansundu noma ampunga abe namabala e-orange. Adwetshwe ngokukhanyayo, iphethini emzimbeni libunjiwe, linamabala emzimbeni wonke. Futhi isihlahla saso sesifushane ngokwembono. Ama-rainbow boas e-Paraguayan (Epicrate crassus) amnyama kakhulu futhi iphethini aliveli kakhulu, kungashiwo, lihlangana nethoni ejwayelekile. Umugqa wokukhanya ovela ohlangothini uvame ukubonakala ubukhali futhi uphansi kunekulandelayo kwabamele bethu. Ngokuqondene nama-rainbow boas we-Kaating (ama-Epicates assisi), angabameli abangajwayelekile bohlobo (okusho ukuthi hhayi ngokwemvelo, kepha phakathi kwama-terarium). Isendlalelo esikhulu sinsundu. Izindawo ezincane ezikhanyayo ngemuva, zizungezwe amasongo amnyama ansundu. Amabala amancane ansundu amnyama ezinhlangothini ngomugqa wecrescent okhanyayo ngaphezulu. Kulesi sisu kunenqwaba yezindawo ezinamabala ansundu amnyama. Khumbuza kancane amaBrazilians, kepha awunawo umbala ogqamile futhi ohlukile kanjalo.

Ngezansi kwemidwebo, lapho ungacabanga ukwakheka kwekhanda kanye nomdwebo emzimbeni womunye ngamunye wabamele uhlobo oluhle lwama-rainbo boas.

Incazelo

Lesi sehlakalo se-boa yiyona kuphela inyoka ehlala emazwenikazi. Kufakwe kuzinhlobo zezifo zohlobo oluthile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi iziphindaphindo eziningi ezahlukahlukene, futhi i-rainbow boa constrictor ungomunye wabamele. Ubude benyoka bufinyelela kumamitha amabili. Umehluko ovela kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane usezilinganisweni zosayizi omkhulu kunalokho, osatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ngaphesheya kwamehlo we-boa constrictor.

Umbala we-reptile uvame ukwenziwa ngemibala ebomvu onsundu noma emnyama. Kukhona amabala amakhulu wemibala ekhanyayo esikalini. I-contour yendawo ngayinye iyindandatho emnyama. Ezinhlangothini zezindawo ezihlanganayo ze-boa ziba mnyama futhi zincane kakhulu. Kubo ungabona imicu ekhanyayo. Isisu sinenqwaba yezindawo ezincane ezimnyama. Lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kuwela esikalini somakhi we-boa, umuntu angajabulela umbono omangalisayo. Uqala ukugqama futhi acwebezane ngemibala ehlukahlukene ye-rainbow spectrum.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko

Sekukonke, phakathi kwama-boas-lipped abushelelezi, kunezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa zezinyoka. Phakathi kwazo kunezinhlobo ezinjalo zabamele abamele uthingo njengo:

Isici esikhulu phakathi kwama kites amancane ubukhona bebhande elinsundu ngemuva. Imichilo ibanzi futhi inezindawo ezikhanyayo zombala ocishe ube beige. Phakathi kwabantu asebekhulile, umbala obomvu uthandwa kakhulu. Futhi, ama-boas angaziqhayisa ngokuchichima kwesikali sabo lapho kuvezwa esikalini sokukhanya kwelanga.

Impilo yomhlanganisi we-boa

Cishe isikhathi esiningi kudlula i-const constoror emhlabathini. Ikakhulu kaningi ungathola abantu abadala. Intsha iyathanda ukungena ezihlahleni ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ukuhamba ezindaweni ezishisayo, ungakhubeka kwi-rainbow boa, egqunywe ngamaqabunga noma enhlabathini. Ngakho bacasha emlilweni. Futhi, onke angabhukudi abahle kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho lezi zinto ezihuquzelayo zingatholakala emithonjeni ehlukahlukene.

Isilinganiso sobude besikhathi sobomi besibambo semvula sisenza iminyaka eyi-12. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle zesimo sezulu, ukungabikho kwezitha nokutholakala kokudla njalo, i-boa constitoror ingaphila iminyaka eyi-20 noma ngaphezulu.

Izitha

Eqinisweni, i-reptile inezitha eziningi. Abazingeli abaphambili be-rainbow boas:

• Izinyoni ezinkulu ezidla inyama.
• AmaCaimans nezinye izingulube zasendle.
• Amagagu.

Futhi, i-hedgehog, ukuqapha i-lizard noma i-coyote kungahlasela i-boa constrictor. Ingozi enkulu isongela inyoka kuma kites kanye nama mongoose.

IBoa constrictor njengesilwane esifuywayo

Kugcwele emphakathini wanamuhla lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukwenziwa kwasekhaya kwezinyoka. Futhi uthingo loya nalo luluhlukile. Imvamisa, abantu bathanda ukuhlalisa izinyoka ezinobuthi ekhaya. I-rainbow boa inhle kuleli cala, futhi ijabulisa abanikazi bayo ngezidingo zayo zokufaka imibala kanye nezidingo ezincane zokunakekelwa.

Indawo yokuhlala ye-boa constitoror

Inketho enhle yokugcina i-boa constrictor efulethini kungaba i-terrarium. Kungcono ukukhetha isitsha esinodonga olubunjiwe lokuphakama okukhulu ukuze ugweme ukuphunyoka kwenyoka. Ama-terarium angaphezulu alungele ama-boas ahlala ku-hardwood.

Isimo esibaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela amazinga okushisa nomswakama ukuze i-boa ibe ntofontofo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi inyoka ingeyezilwane ezinegazi elibandayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukugcina izinga lokushisa nomswakama kuleli zinga kubaluleke kakhulu. Isibonelo, ungafaka idivaysi yokushisa okuzenzakalelayo. Imodeli ye-terrarium enenzwa yokushisa ehlangene nayo ifanelekile. Ukuze uqaphele umswakama, udinga ukufaka i-hygrometer. Amaphesenti amahle omswakama acishe abe yi-80%.

Ungqimba lokudonsa amanzi kanye nenhlabathi kuhlelwa ezansi kwethala. Kamuva, ama-orchid azoba lapho. Ngeke kube yinto ephezulu ukubeka izinkuni i-driftwood noma amagatsha ngaphakathi, ukuze i-boa izenzele isiphephelo.

Umsoco

Ukudla okuyinhloko kwezirhubuluzi ngamagundane nezinyoni ezincane. Ngakho-ke ngeke kube nzima kangako ukuhlinzeka inyoka ngokudla okufanele. Amagundane asemasha kufanele ondliwe amagundwane asanda kuzalwa.

Imvamisa yokondliwa nenani lokuphakelayo okunikezwe kuya ngokuthi:

• Iminyaka.
• Isisindo.
• Okuthandwa nguwe kwesilwane.

Ngokuvamile, kuyadingeka ukondla abasebasha, kanye nokwandisa inani lokudla kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Kulokhu, ukuncelisa kwenziwa kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezinhlanu. Unganikeza ukudla okujwayelekile kwama-boas kabili ngesonto.

Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukuhlinzeka nge-boa constrictor ngamanzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka insiza ye-terrarium eqapha inani loketshezi kulowo ophuzayo.

Ukuqapha

Ama-rainbow boas anokuthula impela. Awukwazi ukukholwa izexwayiso ezihlala njalo eziphathelene nokuba nolaka nokuba negazi kwesilwane. Eqinisweni, ayembalwa kakhulu amacala anjalo. Kuyiqiniso, endle, i-boa constrictor iyakwazi ukudonsela umuntu emanzini futhi uyihlenge, kodwa ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, i-reptile kumele isabe noma ithukuthele.

Kukhona futhi nezinhlobo zama-boas ezinokuziphatha okuthakazelisa kakhulu uma kwenzeka kwenzeka ingozi. Isibonelo, ama-Cuba ama-Cuba asheshe abe yibhola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amehlo abo athola i-tint ebomvu, negazi liqala ukuconsa emlonyeni.

Umhlanganisi we-boa ocasukile angaxwayisa isimo sakhe. Ngakho-ke, uma isilwane siqala ukusikisela kumniniyo, kufanele ashiye kude naso.

Ukuzala

Ukuze inzalo ivele, kubalulekile ukubeka i-boa yowesifazane ku-terrarium kowesilisa. Imvamisa kowesifazane ngamunye kukhona abesilisa ababili. Uma ephumelele, owesifazana okhulelwe uzithwala isibeletho izinyanga ezinhlanu.

Izingane boa constrictor umbala okhanya kakhulu. Uma kunembile ukuphakela izilwane ezifuywayo ezincane, khona maduze bazothola isisindo esibalulekile futhi bangeze ngobude. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ezinyangeni eziyishumi nambili ubude bawo bungafinyelela imitha.

Yini okufanele uyibheke lapho uthenga inyoka

Malini i-boa constrictor izobiza kulezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• uneminyaka emingaki i-boa constrictor
• yini isisindo sayo?
• yini usayizi wayo?
• luhlobo luni lwe-boa constrictor ofisa ukuluthola.

Kaningi, ungathenga i-boa comprimor yama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10. Kepha kunezimo ezibiza kakhulu.

I-rainbow constrictor ngokungangabazeki yiyona ekhanyayo kunazo zonke eyayifanekisela uhlobo olugcwele izinyoni. Umbala wayo awunakubangela ukuthandwa.

I-Colombian rainbow Boa

Lawa boas abengaphansi kwe-subspecies Epicates cenchria, kepha namuhla sekubhekwa njengohlobo oluhlukile. Lezi zinyoka zinokufana kwangaphandle, kepha ziyehluka ezindaweni. Amacala okwenziwa kwe-interspecific yokuzalanisa awarekhodwanga.

IColumbian Rainbow Boa ihlala ePanama, kulo lonke elaseCosta Rica, nasenyakatho Melika. Ngaphezu kwalokho kunabantu abaningi esiqhingini saseMargarita, iTobago, iTrinidad kanye nogu oluncane lwaseGuana. Bahlala ezindaweni ezomile emahlathini eduze kwe-savannah.

I-rainbow Boa (Epicrate cenchria).

I-Colombian rainbow boa inemhlane wayo umucu obanzi onsundu, amabala amakhulu ansundu, uhlangothi imivimbo emnyama enomngcele omhlophe, kanti ekhanda kukhona imivimbo emi-3 emnyama eqala ngemuva kwekhanda isiya ekhaleni. Njengoba bekhula, bathola umbala onsundu ofanayo noma onsundu obomvu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kusala “uphethiloli”, ngenxa yalokho ama-boas ayebizwa ngokuthi uthingo.

Ubukhulu obukhulu be-Colombian rainbow boas bufika kumamitha ayi-1.5-2. Lezi boas kukhona viviparous futhi ziletha kusuka 6 kuya 20 abantu. Badla izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo.

Ubude be-rainbow boa bufika kumamitha ama-2, kepha ngokuvamile buyi-150-170 cm.

I-South America rainbow Boa

Lezi boas zivamile eCentral naseNyakatho Melika Melika. Ubude bawo obuphakeme buyi-1.5-2 metres. Bahlala emahlathini emvula afudumele, futhi nasehlathini elomile lase-savannah. Badla izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo. Zi-viviparous.

Ukubhukuda kuhle. Kuhlala iziqhingi zase-Amazon. Idla izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo.

Uthingo lwaseParaguayan boa lihlala eParaguay, eBrazil naseArgentina. Umbala wenyoka ubomvu onsundu. Kukhona amamaki abhangqiwe ngemuva, futhi ezinhlangothini kukhona imigqa emithathu yezindawo ezimnyama. Lawa boas ahlala emahlathini ase-savannah nasezigungwini eziphansi.

I-rainbow boa yase-Argentina iyisihlobo esiseduze se-Paraguayan rainbow boa. Lawa boas atholakala e-Argentina, ezintabeni ezise-Andes naseBolivia. Kuyafana ngombala endaweni yaseParaguayan, kepha amabala angemuva anokubukeka okufiphele okuthe xaxa, imivimbo ebanzi ivela ngemuva.

AmaNdiya aseNtshonalanga

E-West Indies kunezinhlobo eziyi-9 zama-boas. Abaphili bodwa kuma-Antilles amancane. Ubukhulu bawo buqala kumamitha ayi-1 kuye kwayi-4. Ama-boas amaningi alolu hlobo atholakala esiqhingini saseHaiti naseBahamas, kodwa futhi ahlala eJamaica, Cuba, Islands Islands nasePuerto Rico.

I-rainbow boa iyisidleke esivuthayo.

I-Cuban boa constrictor iyodwa kuphela ummeleli we-West Indian boas eCuba. Zisatshalaliswa kuso sonke isiqhingi, futhi abantu abakhulu kakhulu, abafinyelela kubude bamamitha angama-4.85, batholakala eGuantanamo Bay. Zihlala emahlathini omile futhi anomswakama, kanye nasezindaweni ezinamadwala.

Lawa ma-boas anolaka, ngisho nabantu abasha bathambekele ekuhlaselweni. Ama-Boas avela engxenyeni esempumalanga yeCuba anombala olula ngephethini ethambile, futhi abantu abavela engxenyeni esentshonalanga yalesi siqhingi bahlukaniswa ngombala ogcwele ngamaphethini wejometri acacile.

AmaCuba boas azingela kubaqaphi, ahlasela ngamagundwane ahlukahlukene, amalulwane, izinyoni, kukholakala ukuthi angazidlela ama-iguanas, kwesinye isikhathi adla izinyoka eziklanyiwe. Ama-Cuba ama-Boas angama-viviparous futhi aletha kusuka kubantu abangu-1 kuye kwabangu-7.

Njengamanje, kuhlukaniswa imixhaso emi-2 ye-rainbow boa: E. cenchria cenchria ne-E. cenchria polylepis.

I-Ford Rainbow Boa

Akuwona wonke ama-boas wase-West Indian akhula abe ngosayizi omkhulu. Usayizi we-Ford Boa awudluli kumitha eyi-1. Bahlala ikakhulukazi esiqhingini saseHaiti, esiphinde sitholakale esiqhingini saseGonave naseSouth Dominican Republic.

Ama-Ford boas ahlukaniswe ngokweqile. Zihlala endaweni engasogwini futhi zitholakala ezindaweni eziyomile phakathi kwezihlahla zomtholo. Bazondla ngezikhonkwane. Lezi boas ze-viviparous ziletha ama-1-3 cubs.

Igcinwa ngempumelelo futhi isatshalaliswa ezindaweni eziseduze zama-zoo nama-amateurs emhlabeni jikelele.

I-Haiti slender boa constrictor ivame kakhulu phakathi kwama-West Indies boas. Bahlala eHaiti naseBahamas. Lezi zinyoka zihlala emahlathini omile futhi anamanzi, futhi zitholakala nasezingxenyeni zemangange nasezakhiweni ezihlangene.

Umbala womzimba u-beige noma ungwevu okhanyayo, kepha amabala ansundu kanye ampunga adlula emzimbeni, ngakho-ke umbala ubukeka umnyama. Ubukhulu bomzimba obungamamitha ayi-1,2-2,5. Lezi boas zidla izilwane ezincelisayo, izinyoni nezinyoni. Ama-boa aseHaiti azala ama-7 kuye kwangama-51.

I-Jamaican rainbow Boa

Lawa ma-boas abizwa nangokuthi "izinyoka eziphuzi." Ezindaweni zokuhlala, ama-boa aseJamaican athinteka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukoloni kweYurophu. Lezi zinyoka zinobuthi, zanciphisa izindawo zazo zemvelo, zabanjwa emvelweni. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ngekhulu lamashumi amabili lolu hlobo lwenyama luzophela ngokuphelele eJamaica, kodwa wakwazi ukusinda esiqhingini esincane saseGoat Island.

Umbala we-rainbow boa ngeke ushiye ukunganaki ngisho nokwesabeka kakhulu.

Okwamanje, ama-rainbo boas aseJamaican abhalwe njengohlobo olusengozini. Vele, lokhu kunikeza ukuvikela izinyoka, kepha akuyiqedi nya inkinga. Ama-boa aseJamaican abhekelwa eduze kakhulu yizazi zezilwane eziningi. Namuhla zenziwa njengengxenye yohlelo olunikelwe ukulondolozwa kwezinhlobo.

I-rainbow yaseJamaican inombala wethoni emibili ethokozisayo: ingxenye esemqoka yomzimba inombala we-olive, kwesinye isikhathi umzimba ungaba ophuzi, uhlotshiswe ngentethe emnyama ekhanyayo, ephenduka ibe yimivimbo ebanzi ibheke maphakathi nomzimba, futhi ihlale i-olive noma iphuzi emsileni, isb. Ingxenye yesibili yomzimba jet emnyama.

Lezi zinyoni eziphefumulayo zizulazula ezihlahleni ngokuphelele.

Ubukhulu obukhulu boamamaan Jamaican ngamamitha ayi-1.5-2. Zidla izilwane ezincelisayo, izinyoni, izibungu, amasele namalulwane. Abesifazane bazala izingane bukhoma ngenani labantu abathathu kuya kwabangu-39. Zihlala emahlathini anomswakama nasezindaweni ezingama-limestone.

Isimo esifanayo siyabonakala ePuerto Rico, lapho i-Puerto Rican boa isesimweni esifanayo esibucayi, esihambisana nokubhujiswa kwendawo yayo yemvelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwenyoka inyama yokudla. Lolu hlobo luphinde luvikelwe futhi bazama ukulugcina, lusakazeka ekudingisweni.

Ama-boas asemancane aqala ukudla ngenkuthalo izinsuku eziyi-10-20 ngemuva kwe-molt yokuqala.

Uma uhlelo lokulondolozwa kwalezi zilwane luthola imiphumela, futhi ama-boas angavamile angasindiswa, khona-ke umbuzo uzoba mayelana nesidingo se-propaganda phakathi kwezakhamizi zendawo mayelana nokuvikelwa kwendawo kanye nezilwane uqobo.

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