Amagama: Crab of Whitewater Crab, Caucasian Freshwater Crab, Potamon.

Indawo: imifula yaseMedithera, iMnyama kanye neCaspian Seas, iziqhingi zase-Aegean (eCrete, Naxos, Samos, Ikaria, Kos, Karpathos, Rhodos), eningizimu nentshonalanga neTurkey eseningizimu, iCyprus, iSyria, i-Israel, nePalestine.

Incazelo: crab yamanzi ahlanzekile - Ngokwengxenye i-amphibian ehlala ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamanzi. I-carapace ohlangothini olude ithambekile ngokuqinile. Phansi kulula ukuyihlukanisa: kwabesifazane izingxenye zesisu zibanzi, ziyindilinga, emadodeni zincane, zakhonjwa.

Umbala: nsundu ngenhla, ukukhanya ngezansi.

Usayizi: ububanzi be-carapace bufika ku-10 cm.

Isisindo: izinsikazi - kufinyelela ku-72 gr.

Iskhathi sempilo: kufinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10-15.

Indawo yokuhlala: imifula, amachibi, amachibi anamanzi agobhozayo ahlanzekile noma amanzi asemhlabathini (kanzima futhi alkaline kancane). Umdlavuza wamanzi amhlophe utholakala ekujuleni okungafika ku-50 cm. Emahlathini aminyene ahlala ezweni elinomswakama kanye nezidumbu zamanzi. Kwesinye isikhathi itholakala ezinhlelweni zokufakelwa ukhonkolo zokufakelwa nasemigqeni. Akahlali emaxhaphozini nasezindongeni zesikhashana. Ungaphila emanzini nosawoti ongu-0,5%. Akawabekezeleli amanzi e-crab nge-acidity ephezulu.

Izitha: jay, amakhaza, ama-hedgehogs, ama-martens, ama-otters. Izinhlanzi ezinkulu (i-trout, i-barbel) inyamazane ku-crabs abasha.

Ukudla / Ukudla: Ukudla kwehlukene: ama-crustaceans amphipods (gammarus), inhlanzi ephilayo / efile kanye nefry, i-algae, ama-mollusks, izibungu, njll. Ukudla kuyahluka ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.

Ukuziphatha: crab lamanzi amasha asebenza kusihlwa nasebusuku. Ichitha isikhathi esiningi emanzini. Esebenza kakhulu emanzini i-10-22'C. Imvamisa ikhuphuka, ngaphezulu kwamatshe nezitshalo, iye phezulu kwamanzi. Ngaphandle kwamanzi, ingaphila izinsuku ezingama-2-3, kanye nomswakama ophezulu izinsuku ezingama-3-4. Lapho isengozini, yehlela ngokushesha emanzini, iphakamise ifu elinomswakama kusuka phansi ngokunyakaza kwemilenze icashe kulo, iwele phansi noma ngaphansi kwamatshe. Inensimu yayo, evikela izivakashi ezingamenyiwe. Umqhele wamanzi amnyama ucasha ngaphansi kwamatshe nasemiseleni osebeni (50-500 cm ubude). UNora uholela emanzini. Kanye ngonyaka, abadala molt. Ihamba iyothatha ubusika (emazingeni okushisa angama-2-3 ° C nangaphansi) emiseleni, ngaphansi kwamatshe. Ubusika buhlala izinyanga ezi-4-5.

Isakhiwo senhlalo: isizungu.

Ukuzala: crab lamanzi amasha zivelisa ngokocansi. Abesilisa bafuna ngenkuthalo izintokazi ezimbozweni, zingena phakathi kwazo ezimpini. Kwesinye isikhathi ukulwa kuyabulala. Uma owesilisa ekwazi ukubamba owesifazana osanda kuncibilika, umguqula amnike umhlana wakhe bese emgobisa ngesipuni. Izinsikazi zifaka izigaxa ze-caviar emilenzeni, ngaphansi kwesifuba. Amaqanda amancane - 70-500. Ngesikhathi kufakwa, insikazi ifihla ezindaweni eziseceleni ngaphansi kwamatshe endaweni enezindawo ezishiswe kahle.

Isikhathi sonyaka / ukuzalanisa: entwasahlobo, emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-18 ° C nangaphezulu, isikhathi sokuzala siqala. Isizini singatulwa

Ukuthomba: abesifazane - ngemuva kweminyaka engu-3, ​​abesilisa - ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4.

Ukukhulelwa / Ukufakwa Izinsuku ezingama-20-30.

I-progeny: asikho isigaba sezibungu ze-planktonic. Kuwo amaqanda, sekuvele izibungu esele zikhiqizwe, futhi ezihlala emilenzeni esiswini sikanina ngezinye izinsuku ezingama-8-10, zidla izinsalela zokudla kwaso. Usana olusanda kuzalwa olungamamitha ayi-2-3 ubukhulu. Khula ngokushesha. Ngezinsuku ezingama-20-25 ngemuva kokuqokwa, zizondla ngokwazo eziluhlaza okotshani nangotshani bazo. Juvenile crab ebanjwa ngamaqembu. Ngemuva kwe-molt yokuqala, izibungu ziphenduka izimfidlana, zigibela phansi bese ziqala ukuhola impilo efanayo neyabantu abadala.

Isimo sabantu / ukulondolozwa: crab lamanzi ahlanzekile libhalwe ku-Red Book of Ukraine.

Izincwadi:
1. V. Bukhardinov. Ezokudoba Nezokudoba 8/1981
2. G.A. UMamonov. Imifino yamanzi ahlanzekile

Isikweletu: Portal Zooclub
Lapho uphinda ubhala le ndatshana, ukuxhumana okusebenzayo kumthombo yi-MANDATORY, uma kungenjalo, ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sihloko kuzothathwa njengokuphula umthetho we "Law on copyright and rights Associates".

Umqhele wamanzi ahlanzekile (Potamon potamonis olivi)

Umlayezo ubaniwur »Feb 17, 20:11

IPotamon potamonis olivi, aka "amanzi amasha" crab.

Lolu hlobo lwamakhaza luhlala ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama, kanye nasezixekeni zaseTiligulsky naseSukhoi, kanye nasogwini loLwandle i-Azov kanye neDon ephansi nolwandle lweCaspian.

Lo crab ubizwa ngokuthi namanzi amasha ngoba ayethunyelwa evela emifuleni yaseYurophu futhi azikhethele ngokuzimela izinkangala.

Okumangazayo iqiniso lokuthi crab "yamanzi amasha" ikhethe cishe izidumbu zamanzi acwengekile.

Ubungako 'bamanzi amnandi "mncane kakhulu: ubukhulu be-cephalothorax bawo buba amasentimitha ayi-2,5 ukuya ku-2.

Umbala nawo awuhlukile: kungaba nsundu omnyama, noma omnyama.

Ukwehluka ocansini kusobala: umqhele wesilisa uhlala umkhulu kunowesifazane, futhi futhi 'uhlome' ngezingubo ezinamandla kakhulu.

Kulula futhi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane, uma ubhekisisa ukwakheka kwengxenye yesisu sabo. Ngakho-ke, kwabesifazane le ngxenye icishe ibeyindilinga, ibanzi, kuyilapho kowesilisa isisu sikhonjisiwe.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, imifantu ithanda amaqabunga ezitshalo, i-algae, izibungu ezincane, inyama yenhlanzi efile (i-carrion), njll.

Ema-aquariums asekhaya, imifantu nayo ayifani ngezidingo eziphakeme: azideleli noma yini okudliwayo ngabantu. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje kunama-feed amaningi alinganiselwe ngokukhethekile ama-crustaceans atholakalayo emakethe.

Okokuqala, okuphakelayo kwe-crustacean kuqukethe amaminerali angakhuphi ukungasebenzi kwawo kuphela, kodwa futhi asebenza njengezinto zokwakha isembozo segobolondo elinzima. Okwesibili, lokhu kudla akuhambeki lapho kuthintaniswa namanzi: kulungele kakhulu ukuthi imfantu ne-crayfish ikubambe ngezinselo zazo.

I-crab equkethe "amanzi amasha" ingaba sendaweni ehlukile noma emanzini ajwayelekile.

Umqhele awenzi zidingo ezikhethekile: inhlabathi inesihlabathi, amatshe, i-driftwood, igobolondo, izingcezu ezithile zobumba - konke kuzomhambela kahle uma lokhu kungasetshenziswa njengendawo yokuhlala nendawo yokuhlala. Ukuba khona okugunyaziwe kwezimila: imifantu efana nokuhlwa.

Njengesembozo semifino esifanelekile: iJavanese moss isetshenziswa.

Amapharamitha wamanzi kufanele abe ngale ndlela elandelayo: izinga lokushisa 20 - 21 degrees Celsius, acidity - lingathathi hlangothi, i.e. 7.0 Ph, ubunzima be-15-25 dH.

Ama-crabs awadingi ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ngakho-ke ungazikhawulela ngokulinganisa.

I-compressor iyadingeka: i-oksijini ibalulekile empilweni yomkhovu.

Akukalulekanga ukubeka abesilisa ababili e-aquarium eyodwa: kuzoba nokulwa, ngokulahleka kwezitho okulandelayo ngemuva kwalokho. Yize izinyawo kufanele zikhule emuva.

E-aquarium enenhlanzi, umqhele uzizwa umkhulu uma kungekho zinhlobo ezinolaka. Kepha kukhona umehluko: crab ngokuqinisekile ibabaza i-caviar ngokujabulisa okukhulu, uma ungazifaki izinsikazi ezikhulelwe ngesikhathi ku-spawning ehlukile. Futhi, i-crab ayideleli i-fry, ebamba kangcono kunesicabucabu - impukane!

Kuyalulekwa ukugcina owesilisa oyedwa nowesifazane oyedwa noma ababili e-aquarium eyodwa: khona-ke ngeke kube nezinkinga.

Ngenkathi yokuzalela, kuzala, emva kwalokho izinsikazi zifuna indawo yokukhosela masinyane.

Kungcono ukufakelwa insikazi nge-caviar, okwesikhashana, embizeni ehlukile yokuqhekeka, okuyiseluleko esihle ukuhlela ngokufanele (okungukuthi, amanzi, izitshalo, izindawo zokukhosela, ukudla). Qiniseka ukuthi ufaka okokuhlunga kanye ne-compressor lapho: impilo yabesifazane nabazalo esizayo incike kulokhu.

Ngemuva kwamaviki awu 4-5, kuvela imifantu eqandeni amaqanda: mancane kakhulu - 2 mm ubukhulu. - Okwamanje, inqubo yokondla ibaluleke kakhulu. Kungcono ukuthi ubondle ngezingxube ezikhethekile zokondla izilwane ezisencane, kanye nezibungu ezincane (nematode, i-bloodworm oqoshiwe, umhlonyane wefulawa).

Izici Zokunakekela

Ama-Aquariums aqukethe izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zomphala. Izimo zokuphila zingahluka ngokuya ngohlobo, kepha ngokuvamile ziyefana:

• I-Crab ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi yisakhamuzi esijwayelekile se-aquarium. Izinhlobo eziningi zidinga ukuba khona kwe-aquaterrarium, lapho isilwane singaphuma khona siye ezweni noma okuphambene nalokho, sicwiliswe ngokuphelele emanzini.
  Umbala unamachaphaza futhi uyakwazi ukuphefumula emanzini. Ezinhlanzini zomhlaba kanye nasemhlabeni, indawo engaphansi yama-gill incane, ngakho-ke ukuphefumula emanzini kunzima kubo.
• Njenge-substrate, kusetshenziswa amatshe amatshe amahle noma isihlabathi somfula. Kuyelulekwa ukuyisebenzisa kahle ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngokuyisisekelo, kusetshenziswa izihlungi zokuphakanyiswa komoya kulokhu, okuthi, ngaphezu kokufudumala, kuhlanza amanzi.
• Isibalo esikhulu sibekwa phezu komhlaba futhi indawo efudumele kahle yakhelwa lapho i-crustacean ingafudumeza khona futhi iphumule. Okokushisa, izintambo ezishisayo, imishini eshisayo nezibani kufanelekile.
• Ukusondela kwezindawo ezinenhlanzi ezinhlanzi kanye nezinhlanzi kufanele kukhishwe ngaphandle, ngoba zingaba inyamazane elula, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Ngezinhlobo zasemanzini, ziqukethe ukulingana kokubhukuda kwezinhlanzi kwikholamu yamanzi noma eduze kobuso.
• Ngokusekelwe kuhlobo olukhethiweyo lomkhaba, udinga ukukhetha uhlaza. Ezinye izinhlobo azihambelani kahle nezimbali, gaya njalo udle noma yimiphi imifino. Abanye, kunalokho, bangaphila ngisho nezitshalo ezintekenteke kakhulu.
• Njengama-crustaceans amaningi, imifantu iyazwela lapho kukhona izinto eziphilayo emanzini. I-nitrite ephezulu ne-ammonia kungaba yingozi ezilwaneni. Ngalesi sizathu, ukufakwa kufakwa engxenyeni yamanzi futhi inhlabathi iyathululelwa, okunomthelela ekwelashweni kwemvelo. Ungakhohlwa ngokushintsha kwamasonto onke kwekota yamanzi.
• Ama-crabs awahambelani kahle nezinhlanzi, kepha nabalingani bawo. Ngokuya ngosayizi, umuntu oyedwa uzodinga ivolumu engaba amalitha angama-50. Abesilisa abahlangani nakancane, bahleba njalo belwa lapho kuyodalelwa khona kuphela ukusinda.
• Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe usawoti wamanzi. Yize izinkalankala zingaphila emanzini amasha, ezinye izinhlobo zemvelo zichitha iningi lazo izimpilo zazo zingamabangana namanzi anosawoti omncane. Isikhathi nekhwalithi yempilo ye-crustacean kuncike kulokhu. Ngalesi sizathu, amanzi asemanzini asemanzini angcono atholwe ngosawoti uma izinhlobo zesilwane zifuna lokho.
• Ukuba khona kwesembozo ku-aquaterrarium kuyimpoqo, njengoba lesi silwane esidla ubhedu sithola kalula indlela yokushiya ikhaya laso. Uma umqhele usalokhu uphunyuka futhi ucasha, udinga ukubeka ipuleti lamanzi egumbini noma i-rag emanzi - i-crustacean engenamanzi ngokushesha izoqala ukubheka umswakama.
• Ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, ama-arthropods aba sengozini enkulu, ngakho-ke ngalesi sikhathi esibucayi kubalulekile ukuhlela izindawo eziningi zokukhosela imfantu lapho izothola khona ukuvikelwa. Akukho lutho olungahambi kahle ngoku-molting - lesi silwane sikhula ngalesi sikhathi, silahla igobolondo elisondele kakhulu. Kepha uma kwenzeka njalo, i-crustacean iyaphela futhi ayinasikhathi sokulungiselela lomzuzu onzima.

Ukudala izimo zempilo yecuba akunzima kakhulu, kepha lo msebenzi awunakubizwa ngokuthi lula. Kuma-olwandle, lokhu kungaba isivivinyo esinzima sokuhlola amandla abo. Wabasaqalayo belulekwa ukuthi bahlole ngokucophelela okuhle nokubi, kanye nokukhetha ukubukeka okulula ukunakekela.

Izinhlobo z crab ezisetshenziswa e-aquarium

Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi zikamfishane omfushane zinkulu kakhulu, futhi akumangazi ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi ziye zaba izilwane ezifuywayo ezidumile phakathi kwezithandwa zakwamanye amazwe. Ngeshwa, ekudingisweni kunzima ukudala izimo ezikufanelekelayo ukukhiqizwa kabusha, futhi iningi lomlaza libanjwa endaweni yemvelo, ngakho-ke livame ukuba nezinkinga nge-acclimatization.

Kulesi sigaba, sizocubungula izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ezivame ukutholakala kwezohwebo.

Isigaxa semvula

Lo mmeleli we-crayfish emfishane ebizwa ngokuhlukile: i-tricolor, yobukhosi, inzalo, i-indigo. Kodwa-ke, igama elivame kakhulu i-rainbow crab (Latin Cardisoma armatum, i-English Rainbow Crab). Leli gama lichaza ngokuphelele umbala wombala wesilwane - umhluzi unemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nemilenze ebomvu. Akumangazi ukuthi kungani lo mhlali omkhulu futhi onempilo ebhekwa njengomuhle kakhulu kunabo bonke abantu abasemanzini e-aquarium.

Umqhele onemibala emithathu ukhula ube usayizi omkhulu kunalokho - ububanzi obungasemuva bungafinyelela ku-16 cm. Isidalwa esinjalo sidinga indawo yokuhlala ebanzi - umthamo kumele okungenani ube ngu-50x40 cm.Ukuqukatha imifantu eminingana, udinga i-aquaterrarium ebanzi eyi-1-1,5 m ubude nenani elikhulu lehlukile okokukhosela: kokubili ngaphansi kwamanzi nangaphansi. Kungcono ukuzigcina ngaphezudlwana, ngoba ngisho nabantu abathile abasindayo abahlangani ezindaweni ezinamanzi amancane.

Ngokwemvelo, umugqa we-rainbow uhola indlela yokuphila yomhlaba, uwela emanzini kuphela ukumanzisa gill. Ukujula kwamanzi kufanele kube yi-10-15 cm ngeziqhingi ezomile eziphoqelekile. Ngaphansi kufanele kufakwe umhlabathi lapho ama-nitrifying bacteria azolimaza khona kamuva. Udinga ukwengeza amagobolondo aphekekile, ama-marble chip kanye nes sandwich kuwo. Lezi zingxenye zizokhulisa ubulukhuni bamanzi, ngaleyo ndlela kusizakale inqubo yokujwayela isimo se Crab ezimweni ezintsha. Kanye ngesonto, amanzi athathelwa indawo ngokuphelele, nenhlabathi iyathululwa.

Emhlabeni, crab igaya izimbobo ezijulile, ngakho i-arthropod izonikeza indawo yokuhlala ukunambitheka kwakho. Ungahlobisa i-aquaterrarium ngamatshe, izitshalo ezilukhuni ezinzima, amagobolondo kakhukhunathi afakwe ngaphakathi kanye namabhodwe e-ceramic. I-snag akufanele ifakwe emanzini, ngoba iguqula imvelo endaweni eya kuyo i-acidic.

Lesi sakhamizi esishisayo sithanda ukushisa - izinga lokushisa lamanzi kufanele libe ngu-25- 26 ° С kanye nokushisa komoya - 28 ° С.

Kunezimo lapho u-rainbow crabs agcinwa kuphela emanzini ahlanzekile, kepha ngempilo ejwayelekile ayedinga usawoti, ikakhulukazi okokuqala emva kokuthenga. Faka isipuni esisodwa sikasawoti wasolwandle kumalitha ayi-8 amanzi. Usawoti ubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa.

Imvamisa yokuncibilikiswa kukokhele uthingo kuxhomekeke eminyakeni yobudala. Abantu abasha abasha bavame - cishe isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku eziyi-10. Abantu abadala bangancibilikisa izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka.

Crab evumayo

Omunye omelele okhanyayo futhi ongavamile we-crayfish efushane enomsila yi-crab ecasulayo (Latin Uca rapax English Fiddler crab). Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, imibala yalesi zinhlobo ingahluka kakhulu: kusuka ku-oliveish-olive kuya ku-orange ogqamile. Kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala abantu abamangalisa imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Umqhele ohehayo waba negama lawo sibonga uzipho lwamadoda amakhulu kakhulu. Ipendiwe ngombala we-orange okhanyayo futhi isetshenziselwa ukuheha izintokazi. Owesilisa uphakamisa ingubo yakhe, abikele ukuthi angaba yini kumakoti futhi abalele izimbangi zakhe.

Lokhu crab kuholela ikakhulukazi indlela yokuphila yempilo, ngakho-ke ukujula kwengxenye yamanzi akufanele kube ngaphezu kwama-cm 3. Kungcono ukufaka usawoti emanzini - isipuni esisodwa sikasawoti wasolwandle ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi.

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elikhulu ngu-24-25 ° C, umoya - 25-29 ° C.

Imbovu ebomvu yama-mangrove

Crab enhle enhle, kulula ukuyigcina. Ekunakekeleni, kubukeka njengothingo, kudinga kuphela amavolumu amancane we-aquaterrarium.

I-Red mangrove crab (Latin: Perisesarma bidens, English Red Mangrove crab) ikhula ize ibe ngu-4-5 cm futhi inombala ocebile we-burgundy. Ngaphansi kwaleli gama, kuze kufinyelele ku-150 izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemangrobs ngezinye izikhathi ezithengiswayo, kepha ngokunakekela ziyafana, futhi uchwepheshe kuphela ongabahlukanisa bangaphandle.

Imbovu ebomvu yama-mangrove.

Crab Dutch

I-Dutch crab noma i-Black Sea rythropanopeus (lat.Rhithropanopeus harrisii) ngomunye wabambalwa abaphila ngokuphumelelayo ezindaweni zasemanzini futhi bazalele kuwo. Yalethwa eRussia isuka eNetherlands ngemikhumbi ngeminyaka yama-30s. Ngokushesha waba nezimpande ezindaweni eziphansi zeDon, izixuku ezinqenqemeni zezilwandle zaseCaspian nezimnyama.

Ungahlala emanzini agcwele imifino, otshalwe ngokuphelele ngezimila zasemanzini. Inhlanzi enkulu yama-Dutch aquarium ingatshalwa ngezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezinokuthula zokubhukuda ebumnyameni noma eduze kwendawo futhi ngaphandle kwamagqume kwesihenqo.

Amanzi asemanzini kufanele akhuliswe umoya futhi ahlanzekile, afakwe uhlelo olunamandla lokuhlunga. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa esikhundleni, i-siphon yenhlabathi iyimpoqo.

Izinsikazi zazingelwa amaqanda cishe inyanga, emva kwalokho kuvela izibungu. Babhukuda kwikholamu yamanzi futhi badla ama-zooplankton.Kwaphela inyanga bedlula ezigabeni ezi-4, babe yikhophi elincishisiwe labazali babo futhi bahlale ezansi.

Uma ufuna ukwandisa isilinganiso sokusinda sezibungu zamaDutch crab, udinga ukugcina ukuhlanzeka ku-aquarium. Ukuze uvikele izifo zokukhunta, amanzi kufanele afakwe usawoti omncane (angaphezu kuka-0.3%).

Inkosi ingwe crab

Crab leopard crab (Latin Par gutaphusa pantherina, English Panther crab) - ngomunye wabameleli abambalwa bamanzi acwebile we-aquarium yasemanzini. Emvelweni, kuyindawo ehlala izidumbu zamanzi ezinamasawoti amancane nezintsha zase-Indonesia. Inombala wamehlo omnandi: amabala ansundu amnyama asabalale kusizinda esibucayi sokhilimu. Ubude bomzimba kanye nemilenze kungu-10-12 cm.

Ukhetha i-alkaline namanzi alukhuni, kepha futhi angakwazi ukuzijwayeza ne-hard medium (10 ° dH).

Ukondla

Ukudla okwakhiwe kahle kuyingxenye ebalulekile yezempilo, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nempilo ende yama-aquarium crustaceans. Udinga ukondla imifantu ngokudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Isilinganiso sazo kuncike ezinhlotsheni. Njengomthetho, ekudleni kwama-waterfowl crabs kunokudla kwamaprotheni amaningi, ayenqena ukudla imifino. Kepha kusuka ku-fiber lapho ama-crustaceans ethatha zonke izinto ezidingekayo zokuncibilikisa ngempumelelo nokwakheka kwesembozo se-chitinous.

Ungasuthisa imifantu ye-waterfowl ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokudla:

• ukopha,
• umenzi wamapayipi
• Earthworms
• I-Artemia
• inyama kamaskandi
• izingcezu ze-shrimp
• indle yezinhlanzi zolwandle,
• okuphakelayo kwetafula nge-spirulina.

Ngokuphamba komhlaba, izinto ziyehlukile. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ubadlise ngokudla kwamaprotheni. Ukudla kufanele kunikezwe emhlabeni ukuze kungonakalisi amanzi. Ukudla okwenziwa ngamaprotheni ngokweqile kuholela ekukhuleni okusheshayo nokuswalwa njalo.

Inani elanele lokudla kwezitshalo ekudleni kofishi bomhlaba kuzosiza ukugcina ezinye zezitshalo ezihlobisa bukhoma ezihlwanyelwe e-aquaterrarium.

Ungondla ukondla komhlaba ngokudla okulandelayo:

• i-omelet exutshwe ne-nettle
• ulethisi onesikali, i-dandelion, amaqabunga
• ikhukhamba elinenwele kancane, i-zucchini, isanqante neminye imifino,
• i-apula enobukhulu obuncane, eliphakathi kwe kanye nezinye izithelo ezingemnandi kakhulu (njengomthombo we-vithamini C),
• izingcezu zezinhlanzi zasolwandle ne-shrimp njengesengezo samaprotheni.

Amaqabunga awileyo awomile ayinto ebalulekile ekudleni kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamakhalaza, njengoba esebenza njengomthombo we-fiber, odingekile ekwakheni i-chitin.

Awungeke usebenzise inyama enegazi elifudumele, isitashi, ukudla okumnandi nokunosawoti, isinkwa, i-pasita, amazambane, ubhanana

Umqhele awukwazi ukubizwa isilwane esijwayelekile. Kuhle uma abathengisi bayazi ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezimpahla zabo futhi bangaxhumana nomthengi lapho lapho. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, okuqukethwe yikhono ngumsebenzi womnikazi, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi usondele kulolu daba uthando nentshisekelo.

Noma kunjalo, imifantu izakhamizi ezithakazelisa kakhulu, kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukuyibuka, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuphakelwa nokwenziwa ngcono kwekhaya.

I-Passion yezinhlanzi ayabiwe yiwo wonke umuntu, kepha abaningi bafuna ukuba nomhlali ohlekisayo we-aquarium. Abathandi bemvelo baguqula ukunaka kwabo ku-crustacean crabs. Lezi zilwane ezifuywayo ziheha abafuyi ngemibala egqamile nokuziphatha okuhlukahlukene.

Dala indawo efanelekile

Izinkalankala zamanzi ahlanzekile ziyizakhamizi zase-aquarium ezihehayo. Kuliqiniso, kunesigaxa esisodwa: abakwazi ukuba semanzini ngaphandle komhlaba, ngakho umnikazi ubhekene nomsebenzi onzima - ukwakha i-aquaterrarium. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka umqhele ngezimo ezinhle zokuphila, ezifana nalezo ezitholakala endle.

Izimo ze-aqua-terrarium zilungele lezi zakhamizi; zihlanganisa ubukhona bamanzi nomhlaba. Ngakho-ke, crab ingakwazi ukuthola ukuthi ikuphi. Isilwane sakho esifuywayo singazikhethela ukuthi kuphumula ogwini noma ukupholisa emanzini. Iziqhingi zamatshe nezimila kuyizimfanelo ezibalulekile zendlu entofontofo.

Cabanga ngokuthi kuzoba kuphi ichibi, ubeke amatshe amakhulu lapho, ayoba yibhuloho phakathi kwamanzi nomhlaba. Akukalulekanga ukuthi ucwilise imikhiqizo yezinkuni zemvelo emanzini, ngoba ukuxhumana njalo namanzi kuzoholela ezinqubweni zokubola ezisheshayo. Konke lokhu kuzoholela ekuwohlokeni kwesimo samanzi.

Njengoba lezi zilwane zingakwazi ukuhlala zisemanzini, kufanele ucabange ngokwakha amagesi lapho umhlanza ungachitha khona isikhathi ukhamba ngaphansi kwesibani. Qaphela ukuthi kumele kube nebhuloho elihle phakathi kwechibi nomhlaba. Beka isibani kwesinye seziqhingi zomhlaba futhi uzoba nethuba lokubuka amawadi akho efudumeza amagobolondo awo ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga elenzelwayo. Kodwa-ke, inani elikhulu lokukhanya kwelanga liholela ekwandeni kokuncibilikisa. Ukushintshwa kwegobolondo okuvame ukukhipha izinkalankala, ngoba umzimba wakhe awunaso isikhathi sokuqongelela inani elifanele lezakhi zomzimba, okusho ukuthi umzimba usebenza ngokugqoka, ufinyeza impilo. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, khawulela izinga lokushisa endaweni eshisa kakhulu ibe ngama-25 degrees.

Akuenqatshelwe ukutshala izitshalo eziluhlaza ku-aquaterrarium. Kepha kufanele ulungele iqiniso lokuthi imfishi engacunuki ihlala ilwela ukuyigaya. Uma ukhetha imifino eyi-semi-land, khona-ke ichibi kufanele lenziwe lincane ukuze isilwane sibekwe lapho kuphela i-1/3 ukuphakama kwayo, kepha singabi ngaphansi kwamasentimitha ayi-5. Izilinganiso ezinhle zomhlaba nezamanzi yilezi-2: 1 zeGrapside nePotamonidae, ngokulandelana, kwabanye 1: 2.

Ukuze ulungiselele ikhambi uzodinga:

• 10 amalitha amanzi ahlanzekile,
• 1 isipuni sikasawoti,
• Kusho ukwanda kobulukhuni.

Kungcono ukufaka iphampu yokujikeleza enamandla nokuhlunga echibini. Ukugcina imifino kungabonakala njengomsebenzi olula, kepha ukulandela imithetho ethile kuzokwenza kube lula ukwakha ubungane nezakhamizi ezihlala kwamanye amazwe:

1. Shintsha njalo ngesonto echibini lamanzi ukugeza,
2. Vikela amanzi
3. Futha inhlabathi okungenani kanye njalo emavikini ayi-8.

Iningi lokuphamba komhlaba okusendle lizimba izimbobo ezijulile. Ngakho-ke kufanele uze nendawo enjalo. Yibeke ngaphansi kwetshe elikhulu noma igatsha eliminyene elihehayo. Isici esiyingqayizivele sempilo yempilo yomlaza iyindawo evaliwe futhi evikelwe ngokucophelela. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi wakho uzoba nokukhethwa kwenombolo enkulu yezindawo zokukhosela. Njengoba izindawo zokukhosela, amabhodwe obumba, izinqaba zokwenziwa kanye neqoqo lamatshe kufanelekile.

Setha i-microclimate

Phansi kwe-aquarium, kubekwa amatshe amatshe ayisihlabathi noma isihlabathi esibandayo. Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi i-substrate kumele ihlanganiswe njalo. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa uhlelo lwe-ebb-tide noma i-dropper evamile.

I-dropper iyinto elula kunazo zonke. Ukuze usebenzise uhlelo ozodinga:

• I-Hose clamp,
• I-compressor encane
• Ishubhu elincane eliyindilinga ledayimane elincane.

Uhlelo lonke luyindiza. Amabhamuza omoya akhuphuka eduze ne-hose futhi aphathe ingxenye yamanzi. Lapho wehlisa i-hose, amanzi amaningi azophunywa. Zama ukulethwa komoya uze uthole umphumela wokufafaza, hhayi ukugeleza njalo kwe-aqua. Inhlabathi emanzi kakhulu inesisindo esikhulu, ngaphansi kwesisindo sayo okungabhoboka, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kufe isilwane.

Inketho yesibili inzima kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Uhlelo lwe-ebb-tide lwakha umkhathi ofana nezilwane zasendle, ezinomphumela onosayizi nasenhlalakahleni yomphala.

Ukwakha, uzodinga:

Ngenxa yobukhona be-timer, ungabeka isikhathi esidingekile se- "tide". Ngokuzenzakalelayo lungisa ikhefu eliyimizuzu engu-15. Ngesikhathi sokuphuza kwamanzi, isihlabathi kufanele sikhukhululwe cishe yi-½. Ngakho-ke ufinyelela umswakama oqhubekayo. Ngokwesilinganiso esiphansi, amanzi azoba ethangini elengeziwe. Izinga lazo kufanele lilingane nenani le-aqua endaweni yasemanzini lisuse umthamo wamanzi endaweni ephansi. Faka ikhareji elomile elisebhokisini ukuze uhlanze amanzi.

Kuzohlala nobani?

Ungakhathazeki ukuthi ngokubekwa kobukhazikhazi obumnandi buzothuka. Ngokuphambene nalokho, owesilisa ongowokugcina izwe nonolaka ngeke abekezelele umakhelwane wezihlobo. Ufakwa ngokwahlukana noma kubhangqwe nowesifazane. Ukwehlukanisa abesilisa nabesilisa kulula kakhulu: kwabesifazane isisu (isisu) sibanzi, emadodeni kuyinto emincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkalankala zamadoda zikhulu futhi ziqhakaza.

Uma, noma kunjalo, kunesidingo sokuthi i-cob crab ihlale ku-aquarium efanayo, owesilisa ngamunye kufanele ahlinzeke "indawo yokuhlala" yayo ngobukhulu okungenani ama-35 x 30 cm .. Kungcono ukuthi uhlukanise iziza usebenzisa izinto zokuhlobisa. Kepha futhi lokhu akusona isiqinisekiso sokuhlala ngokuthula.

Ama-Crabs angakwazi ukuhlangana nezinhlanzi ezincane nezizolile zase-aquarium njenge-guppy endler. Bazobona izinhlanzi ezinkulu njengokudla futhi ngokuqinisekile bayozama ukubamba nokudla "omakhelwane". Kungcono ungathathi ingozi!

Yini ukondla?

Ukudla kwama-crabs kumane kuthinte - bacosha ngokucophelela izingcezu zokudla ngasikhathi sinye ngozipho ezimbili bese bezisa emlonyeni. Ukuzondla ngama-crustaceans anjalo kulula. Ukudla kwabo kungenziwa ngokudla okukhethekile okune-calcium, kanye nemifino, okuphilayo nokudla kwesilwane, kanye nokudla kwasolwandle.

Ukudla kwezilwane (ishubhu, umhlonyane wegazi, iminenke, izingcezu zezinhlanzi, squid, shrimp, inkukhu) akufanele kungabi ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yokudla. Unganika noma yimiphi imifino (ngaphandle kwamazambane), ebilisiwe noma igcotshwe ngamanzi abilayo futhi uthathe izingcezu ezincane. Ama-greens akho owathandayo azokuthokozela - ulethisi onesikali, isicubu, isipinashi, i-dandelion.

Ukuzala

Ekuthunjweni, imifantu ayihlali izalela ngokuzithandela. Kepha uma zigcinwa zihlanzekile, zondliwe kahle futhi zinakekelwa, kuyenzeka-ke ukuthi kuzalwe kabusha inzalo entsha kwichibi echibini. Crab zohlobo caviar, imvamisa ezinyangeni zasehlobo.

Owesifazane osesiswini ugebha amaqanda, kuthi lapho isikhathi sokufikelwa esiphelile siphele - siyabaphonsa emanzini olwandle anosawoti. Izibungu ezincanyana ze-planktonic hatch eziqhamuka emaqandeni, ezichitha amahlandla amaningi ngaphezu kwamaviki angama-6-8, kancane kancane zifane nabantu abadala.

Xhumana ne-Aqua-STO!

Njengoba ubona, i-aquarium ejwayelekile ayiyifanele impilo ejwayelekile yomqhele. Ochwepheshe benkampani ye-Aqua-STO bazosiza ukudala izimo ezihle kakhulu kumlaza wanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Ungathola ukubonisana okuningiliziwe ngokushaya ucingo ..

Umqhele wamanzi ahlanzekile, obizwa nangokuthi umqhele wamanzi amhlophe eCaucasian kanye namazambane, uhlala eMedithera, eCaspian naseBlack Sea.

Imifino yamanzi acwebile nayo igcwele eziqhingini zase-Aegean: Samos, Naxos, Krethe, Ikariy, Rhodos, Kos, Karpathos. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imifantu yamanzi ahlanzekile ihlala eTurkey, eSyria, eCyprus, ePalestine nase-Israyeli.

Ukuchazwa kwe-Freshwater Crab

Ububanzi bo crab lamanzi amasha bufika kumasentimitha ayi-10. Isisindo sifinyelela ku-72 amagremu.

I-carapace igobeke ngokuqinile endaweni eya kuyo. Kuma-potamones kulula ukuhlukanisa ubulili: kwabesilisa, isisu sikhonjisiwe futhi sincane, kanti kwabesifazane siyindilinga. Ingxenye engehla yegobolondo inombala onsundu, kanti ingxenye engezansi ilula.

Indawo kaPotamon

Izimfudu zamanzi ahlanzekile zihlala emifuleni, emachibini, emachibini anamanzi ahlanzekile angaphansi komhlaba. Kuphela ubuthakathaka i-alkaline namanzi alukhuni kubo.

Ama-cranes angamanzi ahlanzekile atholakala ekujuleni kwamasentimitha angama-50. Zingahlala emhlabathini omanzi naseduze kwamachibi emahlathini. Kwesinye isikhathi imifino yamanzi ahlanzekile etholakala emiseleni yokufakelwa nezinqubo zokunisela. Bangaphila emanzini ngosawoti ongu-0,5%. Futhi azibekezeleli amanzi nge-acidity ephezulu.

Indlela Yokuphila Yamanzi Amnandi

Izinkalankala zamanzi acwebile eCaucasian - izifiso. Ziphila ngendlela ethile yokuphila; zingaphila ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamanzi. Imifino yamanzi ahlanzekile iyasebenza kusihlwa nasebusuku amahora.

Isikhathi esiningi lawa makhaza asichitha emanzini. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elithandeka kakhulu kulezi ziklabishi ngamazinga ayi-10-22. Zivame ukukhwela izitshalo noma amatshe ziye phezulu kwamanzi. Ama-cranes angamanzi ahlanzekile angaphila ngaphandle kwamanzi izinsuku ezingama-2-3, futhi uma umswakama ephezulu, khona-ke izinsuku ezingama-3-4.

Owemvelo lamanzi ahlanzekile ahlala kumasayithi abo, avikela kakhulu izivakashi ezingamenywanga. Bacasha ngaphansi kwamatshe noma emiseleni osebeni, ubude bayo bungasukela kumamitha angama-50 kuye kwangama-300. Lezi zimbobo ziholela emanzini.

Unyaka nonyaka, abantu abadala babamba umhluzi. Emazingeni okushisa kwamanzi angama-2-3 degrees awela kwi-hibernation. Ubusika buhlala izinyanga ezi-4-5.

Ukudla kokuphanjiswa kwamanzi ahlanzekile kwehluka: ama-crayfish amphipods, gazinga, izinhlanzi ezincane, ama-mollusks, izibungu kanye ne-algae. Ukudla kuyashintsha ngezikhathi ezithile.

Izitha zamaphilisi zingama-hedgehogs, ama-jay, ama-martens, ama-otter. Izinhlanzi ezincane zihlaselwa izinhlanzi ezinkulu, ezinjenge-barbel ne-trout. Isikhathi sokuphila kofishi lwamanzi amnandi sifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuya kweli-15.

Impilo yenhlalo yamapamons

Owemvelo bamanzi ahlanzekile abesilisa bakhombisa ukusebenza kwenkundla okwedlula yonke. Akunconywa ukuthi uqukathe imifantu yasemanzini enezinhlanzi, ngoba izinkalankala zingazingela.

Izinkalankala zamanzi ahlanzekile zinolaka, i-cannibalism kungenzeka. Kungakuhle ukuthi ucabangele ukuthi imifantu engamanzi acwebile iyazi ukukhuphuka kahle futhi iphunyuke lapho isethubeni lokuqala.

Ukuzalela Amanzi Amanzi Amanzi

Ukulungiselela imifantu yokuzalanisa, igcinwa ebusika emazingeni okushisa angama-16- 20 degrees, kuthi entwasahlobo yehlise izinga lamanzi lifike kuma-degree ayi-15.

Umthamo we-aquarium eguqukayo kufanele ube amalitha angama-150-200. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi kulo ligcinwa lifinyelela kuma-degrees angama-22-24, dH kuze kube ngama-20 degrees kanye ne-pH 8-10. Ukuhlunga okwandisiwe kwenziwa ku-aquarium eguqukayo, okudala ukuhamba okulinganiselwe.

Ama-larvae atshalwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa ku-aquarium entsha. Amaqabunga agciniwe agcinwa ezindaweni zokugcina ezingashoni. Amanzi akulo kufanele ahlanzeke futhi abe lukhuni. Izinga lamanzi ngamasentimitha ayi-2-4. Intsha yondliwe bukhoma uthuli, i-detritus, ishubhu elincane, ama-mollusks, ama-bloodworms, ukudla kwezinhlanzi kanye ne-algae e-file.

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