Ucabangani: umsila omude kakhulu ungowasiphi isidalwa? Igama lenye inyoka noma isililo kuzokhanya ngokushesha ekhanda. Kepha lokhu akunjalo. Kuyamangaza kakhulu ukuthi umsila omude kunayo yonke y. eqhude. Vele, leli yiqhude elingavamile. Lokhu kuzala kubizwa phoenix, i-onagadori, noma iJogo wokuhlobisa waseJapan. Yazalelwa eJapan cishe eminyakeni engama-500 eyedlule. Kodwa-ke, ukuthandwa kwe-phoenix kwavela kakhulu kamuva - ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, manje ezweni elangeni elikhuphukayo lihlonishwa njengendawo engcwele kazwelonke.
Ngokwesilinganiso, umsila ungamamitha ayi-10 ubude, futhi ngaphezu konyaka ukhula cishe ngamamitha. Umsila omude kakhulu weqhude elineminyaka engu-17 ubudala ngamamitha ayi-13!
Noma kunjalo, ukuze ukhule umsila onjalo, kuyadingeka ukuzidela. Le nyoni igcinwa ekhejini eliqinile futhi ihlala ngaphandle kokunyakaza.
Amachwane e-Onagadori ahlukile kwezinye izinkukhu. Lapho abesilisa besencane, bayabuna. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho umsila uqala ukukhula, i-roost iphakanyiswa phezulu, inyoni ikhiyiwe ekhejini, ukuze ingalimazi umsila oyigugu ngokungazi.
Ukuhamba neqhude, umniniyo usonga ngokucophelela umsila ngesandla, akhiphe inyoni ayohambahamba.
I-Onagodari
Ukuzalelwa kwezinkukhu ezihlala eJapan. Lapha, lezi zinyoni kumenyezelwa njengohlobo lwe "ndawo yokukhosela yezwe." Ama-Onagodari, okuthiwa ama-phoenixes, awavunyelwe ukuthengiswa emakethe, futhi nangaphezulu ukubulala ukudla. Owephule umthetho wokuvinjwa ubhekene nenani elikhulu lenhlawulo. Izinyoni zivunyelwe kuphela ukubanikeza noma ukuzishintshanisa. Ubude bomsila wabo bukhula minyaka yonke ngamasentimitha angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye. Ngisho naku-Onagodari encane, umsila ungafinyelela ubude bamamitha ayishumi.
Umsila omude kunawo wonke umakiwe eqhude elilodwa esivele lineminyaka engu-17 ubudala. Umsila wakhe usakhula: okwamanje ifinyelele kumamitha ayi-13.
Ziqukethe ama-onagodars kumaseli afakwe esigxotsheni, ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili nobubanzi obungaphezu kwamasentimitha amabili, okuvumela umsila we-phoenix ukuba ulenga phansi ngokukhululeka. Kuyo yonke impilo yakhe, inyoni incishwa amandla okuhamba ngokukhululekile, uma kungenjalo, kusukela kumsila wayo ngeke kube khona ubukhulu noma ukubukeka okuhle. Nawu umhlatshelo onjalo owenziwa yilezi zinyoni ngenxa yobuhle bazo.
Izinkanyezi
Enye inyoni epharadesi ngempela, efakwe esigabeni "umsila omude kakhulu". Indawo yokuhlala amahlathi asezintabeni aseNew Guinea. Ubuye abe nomsila, ubude bawo bungaphezu kwezikhathi ezi-3 ubude bomzimba wakhe. Izimpaphe ezinhle, ezi-grandiose ezimhlophe, ezimhlophe zandizela cishe imitha eyodwa ubude, ngaleyo ndlela zimboze yonke i-astrapia, yize ubude bayo buphelele, bungama-32 cm kuphela.
I-astapia emangalisayo yezilwane zasendle ngempela ukubuka okwedlulele, okuyisikhathi sokuqala saphawulwa ososayensi futhi sabhaliswa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili (1938). Umsila wakhe omude empeleni kuyisithiyo esikhulu empilweni yabo yansuku zonke (lokhu kusebenza kuphela kwabesilisa be-astrapia). Ngakho-ke, zivame ukubanjiswa emithini yezitshalo. Izimpaphe nazo zinomthelela ekubambeni, okungeyona indlela ehamba phambili ethinta indiza.
Isilozi sezinyamazane
Ukuphila emahlathini ama-steppes kanye nama-steppes omile aseNew Guinea, endaweni ephakeme yase-Australia. Njengamanye amabhungane, isibankwa esinjenge-lizard singashintsha umbala waso sisuka ophuzi-onsundu siye kwesimnyama-onsundu, kanye neminye imithunzi. Lesi yisilo kuphela esinomsila omude kakhulu. Umsila wakhe uyakha izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zobude bawo wonke umzimba. I-lacy lizard ngokwayo ingumnikazi wezitho eziqinile kakhulu nezinzipho ezibukhali. Ubude bomsila we-lizizard ifinyelela amasentimitha angama-80.
Indlulamithi
Izindlulamithi zihlala e-Afrika, zinomsila omude kakhulu phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo - u-2,5 m.
Ukukhula kwezindlulamithi zesilisa kufinyelela ku-5.5-6.1 m, nesisindo kufika ku-900-1200 kg. Izinsikazi zincanyana futhi zilula.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izindlulamthi zinama-vertebrae wesibeletho ayisikhombisa kuphela, intamo yazo yinde ngokungajwayelekile. Inhliziyo yezindlulamithi iqinile ikakhulukazi ngenxa yomthwalo owandayo ohlelweni lokujikeleza kwegazi. Idlula i-60 l yegazi ngomzuzu, inesisindo esingu-12 kg futhi idale ingcindezi ephakeme kathathu kuneyomuntu. Kodwa-ke, bebengeke bakwazi ukukhuthazelela ukuthwala ngokweqile lapho ikhanda lendlulamanzi lehliswa ngokuqinile futhi liphakanyiswa. Ngakho-ke ukuthi ukunyakaza okunjalo akuholeli ekufeni kwesilwane, igazi lendlulama likhulu kunabantu.
I-Kangaroo
AmaKangaroos ahlala e-Australia. Ubude bomsila obukhulu buyi-0.51 m.
I-kangaroo enkulu empunga enkulu kunazo zonke empumalanga ingamamitha amathathu ubude inesisindo esingu-85 kg. Ngenkathi omncane kunayo yonke emndenini we-kangaroo ama-philanders, ama-hares asogwini kanye nama-kangaroo amafushane anemisila engu-29-63 cm kuphela enesisindo esingu-3-7 kg.
Ama-kangaroo amaduna akhulu kaningana kunabesifazane, lapho ukukhula kuyeka emva kokuthomba, futhi abesilisa baqhubeka nokukhula. Kunezimo ezivame ukwenzeka lapho i-kangaroo yowesifazane, ebandakanyeka okokuqala ekuzalweni, inakekelwa owesilisa amahlandla ama-5, noma ngisho amahlandla ayisithupha kunaye.
Amapigogo
U peacock ojwayelekile (waseNdiya) uhlala eSri Lanka, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh naseNepal.
Ubude bomsila wepigogo buyi-0.5 m.
Isici esibonakalayo sepikoko yesilisa ukukhula okunamandla kwezembozo zomsila ongaphezulu, ovame ukuxutshwa nezimpaphe zomsila noma izimpaphe zomsila. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-peacocks zase-Asia: ezejwayelekile neziluhlaza.
Pheasant Argus
I-Pheasant Argus - inyoni evela emndenini we-pheasant ohlala ehlathini laseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia. Omunye wabamele abakhulu kakhulu be-pheasant.
Ubude bomsila we-pheasant buyi-76 cm.
I-plumage ye-argus insundu, intamo ibomvu ngaphansi, inhloko iblue, emqheleni kukhona umqhele wezimpaphe ezimnyama ezinjengezinwele, imilenze ibomvu. I-horus yesilisa ihlotshiswe ngomsila omude, ubude bomzimba wayo ngomsila budlula amamitha amabili. Emaphikweni, abesilisa banezimpaphe ezinde kakhulu zesekondari ezinephethini ngendlela yamehlo amakhulu. Abesilisa abasebasha bathola imibala yabantu abadala ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila. Insikazi incane futhi inombala onesizotha. Unomsila omfishane, iphethini ye-ocular esemaphikweni ayikho.
Ijezi elinamaphepha amathathu
INhabit North Africa, eningizimu ye-Europe eseMpumalanga, e-Asia, eKazakhstan, eningizimu eshubile yeSiberia kuya eNyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina neMongolia
Ubude bomsila buyi-30 cm.
Isihlakala sejerboa siphakeme, siyathambile. Ikhanda maqondana nomzimba likhulu kakhulu. Izindlebe zibanzi, zibalulekile futhi zinde. Umsila cishe ubude obuphindwe kabili kunomzimba. Izingalo ezisemuva ziyimpinda emithathu. Ubude bonyawo ezinhlotsheni eziningi bubalelwa ku-42% wobude bomzimba. Amaphilisi mancane, ahlukaniswe ngama-lobes. Ibhulashi elingaphansi kweminwe yomlenze wesandla sangemuva lakhiwe kahle.
Izinwele zikhulu futhi zithambile. Inhloko nomhlane kunesihlabathi esine-streak encane emnyama. Isisu simhlophe qwa. Ama-Vibrissas awugqinsi futhi mude.
I-Lemur
Ama-lemurs ayizidalwa ezihlala esiqhingini saseMadagascar naseComoros.
Ubude bomsila obukhulu bungu-65 cm.
Ubude bomzimba buqhamuka kuma-38 kuye kwangama-45 cm. Ngasemuva, ijazi limpunga, kwesinye isikhathi lipinki-nsundu, izitho zimpunga, ikhanda nentamo ngimpunga emnyama. Isisu kanye nengaphakathi lama-paws kumhlophe, isizalo simhlophe ngamabala amnyama ongunxantathu omnyama nxazonke zamehlo nekhala elimnyama. Kunemivimbo engu-13 emnyama nomhlophe emsileni. Umsila omude usebenza njenge lemurs yezimpawu phakathi kwezihlobo, njengomsabalalisi wephunga, futhi futhi nokugcina ibhalansi lapho ukhuphuka futhi weqa. Isisindo sama-lemeline we-feline angafinyelela ku-3.5 kg, kanti isisindo somsila singaba ngaphezu kwe-1.5 kg.
I-Big Flying Possum
Iphosta enkulu endizayo ihlala ogwini olusempumalanga ye-Australia.
Ubude bomsila we-Posum bufika kuma-55 cm.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iPossum enkulu ezindizayo ingummeleli omkhulu we-marsupials, okwazi ukukhuphuka, iyisilwane esincane esinesisindo esingu-1-1,5 kg. Ubude bomzimba 30 cm kuya ku-38- 38. Isici esivelayo sale mpukane siyizindlebe ezinkulu ezinomkhuhlane. Ulwelwesi olundizayo lusuka edolweni lize lufike emfushane. Umzimba wesilwane umbozwe ngoboya obuthukile nobukhulu. Izilwane zinemibala ehlukene, ezivame kakhulu izithunzi ezinombala omnyama.
I-Irbis
I-Irbis isilwane esikhulu esihlaselayo esihlala ezintabeni zase-Asia Ephakathi.
Ubude bomsila bufika ku-230 cm.
I-Irbis ihlukaniswa ngumzimba omncane, omude, oguquguqukayo onama-paws amafushane, ikhanda elincane nomsila omude kakhulu. Uboya bumpunga obumuncu obukhanyayo obunamachaphaza amise okwendandatho futhi anamnyama.
Kungani izilwane zidinga imisila?
Kwezilwane, umsila uyingxenye ebalulekile futhi edingekayo yomzimba. Ngalo, zenza izinto ezahlukahlukene ezisiza ukusinda emhlabeni ononya wehlathi, i-steppe noma ihlathi lethu elisenyakatho. Umsila ungenza imisebenzi eminingi:
- bamba, njengezinkawu ezikhohlisayo ezibambe igatsha ngomsila wazo bese zilenga kuwo phezulu phansi,
- i-balancer, njengasemakati, okuthi ngosizo lwayo igcine ibhalansi, ihamba endaweni ephakeme noma ngokugxuma,
- Ukuvikelwa ezinambuzaneni eziyizinambuzane, njengamahhashi nezinkomo, okususa umsila wezinhlwayi ezingena gazi namagajethi,
- iparachute, njenge squirrel, ayisizayo ukweqa emhlabathini isuka eziqongweni zezihlahla,
- Izikhali, njengengwenya noma isilokazana sokuqapha, esibulala izilwane ngesiteleka somsila ngokudla nokuvikelwa engozini,
- izingubo zokulala, njengempungushe noma impungushe eshisayo, ebusika ifihla ngemuva komsila omfushane futhi ilale lapho kufudumele,
- umphimbo wamasheya, njengenqama egcina amanoni emsileni wamafutha,
- umhlobiso, njengepigogo noma i-pheasant, amadoda awo aheha umsila omuhle wezinsikazi ngokuzalela.
Umsila kubude bomzimba
Njengoba ubude bomsila obugcwele abuyona njalo inkomba ekholisayo yezilwane ezincelisayo, ezinobukhulu obungahlukahluka kakhulu, kunengqondo kakhulu ukulungisa ubude bomsila ngosayizi womzimba. Umpetha kulokhu akasona i-kangaroo noma ingwe yeqhwa, kodwa induku encane - ijerboa enezinyawo ezintathu.
Ngobude bomzimba ngamasentimitha angama-5-6 kuphela, inomsila wokunethezeka ongamasentimitha angama-25 ubude, i.e. Izikhathi ezingama-4-5 ubude bomzimba. Lo ngumpetha phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo, akekho omunye umuntu ongaziqhathanisa naye.
Izinyoni ezinde ezinomsila
Ubude bomsila obuhlaba umxhwele butshengiswa ngamapigogo - umsila wawo ufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-160 ubude bomzimba wamasentimitha angama-50-60. Umsila wepigogo ovulekile usebenza njengento yokudla kwabesifazane abangenawo umhlobiso omuhle kangako, kepha bayakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kohlobo lwepigogo.
Kepha amapigogo awazona izinyoni ezinde kakhulu ezinomsila emhlabeni. Phakathi kwezinyoni zasendle, lokhu kuhlonipha kungokwe-pheasant Reinart: umsila wesidoda esidala ufinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angama-173. Izimpaphe ezinhle ezicwazimulayo kuyo yonke imibala yesibhakabhaka zibukeka zihlaba umxhwele kakhulu futhi zisebenza njengophawu lokuzingela olwamukelekile.
Isidalwa esidala kunazo zonke esinamila emhlabeni
Naphezu kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zemvelo, umuntu uzilungiselela ngokwakhe ukubukeka kwezilwane eziningi ezifuywayo. Lokhu kwenzeka eJapan, lapho amakhulu amaningi eminyaka kwafuywa ngohlobo oluhle lwezimbaza ezinde ezinomsila, omsila wazo izimpaphe zazo ubude bungamamitha angama-7.5 kuya kweziyi-10. Lokhu kuzalaniswa kubizwa ngokuthi "yi-onagadori", elihunyushwa kusuka eJapan ngokuthi "inkukhu ende enomsila."
Iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu yokukhethwa benzile umsebenzi wabo, futhi ezikhathini zesimanje izimpaphe zomsila zafinyelela ubude bamamitha ayi-10 nangaphezulu. Umsila omude kunayo yonke, ngisho nasencwadini kaGuinness, usufinyelele kumamitha ayi-13 ubude!
Ukuze ukhule umsila onjalo, iqhude akufanele lihambe ngokukhululeka. Uhleli ekhejini eliqinile, lapho acishe anganyakazi ngokuphelele ekuphakameni kwamamitha amabili ngomsila wakhe uwela phansi.
Ngesikhathi sokuhamba okungavamile, izimpaphe zomsila omuhle kakhulu zilinyazwa ngokucophelela kwinduku ekhethekile futhi zigqokwa ngemuva kwenyoni efana nesitimela sasebukhosini. Umsila ukhula ngesivinini samasentimitha angama-80-90 ngonyaka. Umnikazi womsila ongamamitha ayi-13 usefinyelele eminyakeni eyi-17 futhi uyaziqhenya ngumnikazi wawo.