Into yokuqala ebamba iso lakho uma ubuka indlovu impumulo yayo yafakwa emlonyeni wayo ongaphezulu, obizwa ngokuthi isiqu. Isiqu sendlovu yiphondo ekwazi ukuhogela ngalo, ngasikhathi sinye isidalwa lapho indlovu ithumba futhi ithumele ukudla emlonyeni. Isiqu siyisitho esiyingqayizivele ngempela. Kuyishubhu yemisipha. Ngaphakathi kwesiqu kuhlukaniswe iziteshi ezimbili. Isiqu sihlukaniswe bonke ubude yi-septum, futhi engxenyeni yayo kunezinqubo ezimbili ezincane. Ngosizo lwabo ukuthi indlovu ikwazi ukuphakamisa ngisho nento encane kakhulu emhlabathini.

Ngaphandle kwesiqu, ngokungathi ngaphandle kwezandla

Isiqu sendlovu - senza umsebenzi ofanayo nesandla somuntu. Ngosizo lwesiqu, indlovu ibamba hhayi kuphela ukudla - amaqabunga, utshani, izithelo - kepha futhi neziphuzo. Ukha amanzi esiqwini, futhi esuka kuwo athumela amanzi emlonyeni wakhe. Ngosizo lwesiqu, indlovu iyakwazi ukuzithela, bese izimboza esihlabathini. Uthuli lubeka esikhunjeni sesikhumba sendlovu ibe lugqinsi olugqinsi, oluyivikela emisebeni yelanga elishisayo, ezinambuzaneni nakuma-parasites.

Izindlovu ezincane zisebenzisa isiqu sazo ukubambelela emsileni kanina wendlovu lapho izindlovu zihamba. Izindlovu ezindala zisebenzisa isiqu njengento yokushaqisa namandla okuzivikela. Bazijezisa kancane izindlovu ezihlaselayo, bazishaya ngempama.

Impilo yendlovu

Ngaphandle kwesiqu, indlovu ngeke iphile, ngoba ngeke ikwazi ukudla nokuvikela. Izindlovu zinakekela izihlobo ezikhubazekile ezishiywe ngaphandle kwesiqu: ziyondliwa, ngosizo lwesiqu zithi ziyasizwa ukusukuma. Ngomququ, izindlovu zigawula izihlahla, zisusa izithiyo ezihlangabezana nazo endleleni yazo.

Izindlovu zihlala emhlanjini. Abesifazane kuphela abanamawundlu noma ngabesilisa kuphela abakhona emhlanjini. Izindlovu zingenye yezilwane ezinakekela kakhulu. Izinsikazi zinakekela, zondle futhi zivikele izindlovu zize zineminyaka eyi-10-15. Kepha noma eneminyaka engama-20, ithole lendlovu libhekwa njengelincane. Emva kwalokho, abesilisa baxoshwa emhlambini wezinkomo, bese izinsikazi zihlala. Izindlovu zizwa amanzi kude: amakhilomitha amahlanu noma ngaphezulu. Isikhathi sokuphila kwendlovu cishe sineminyaka engama-70-80.

Yini isiqu?

Into yokuqala umuntu ayiqaphelayo lapho ebona indlovu, ngaphezu kosayizi bayo, isiqu sayo, okuyisindebe esingaphezulu esigaxwe ngenxa yokuvela kwempumulo. Ngakho-ke, izindlovu zaphenduka izikhala ezishintshashintshayo nezikhala ezinde, eziqukethe izicubu ezihlukahlukene ezingama-500, futhi ngasikhathi sinye azinathambo elilodwa (ngaphandle kwe-cartilage ebhulohweni lekhala).

Amakhala, njengasebantwini, ahlukaniswe iziteshi ezimbili ngobude bonke. Futhi esiqongweni sesiqu kuncane, kepha izicubu eziqinile kakhulu ezisebenzela indlovu efana neminwe. Ngosizo lwabo, indlovu izokwazi ukuzizwa iphakamise inkinobho encane noma enye into encane.

Okokuqala, isiqu senza umsebenzi wempumulo, kepha ngosizo lwaso izindlovu ziphefumula, zinephunga futhi futhi zingakwazi:

• ukuphuza
• ukuthola ukudla
• ukuxhumana nezihlobo,
• thatha izinto ezincane
• ukubhukuda
• zivikele
• khombisa imizwa.

Kukho konke lokhu kulandela ukuthi isiqu sensimbi iyithuluzi eliwusizo nelingafani nenye. Empilweni yemihla ngemihla, indlovu endala ayikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwesiqu, njengoba nje umuntu engenakwenza ngaphandle kwezandla. Siza Ithole lendlovu aliqeqeshelwe ukusebenzisa isiqu kahle futhi ihlala igibela kuso lapho ihamba. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokufunda ngokuphelele ukulawula isiqu, indlovu imane nje iyisebenzisela ukubambelela kumsila womzali ngenkathi ihamba.

Ukudla neziphuzo

Eminye yemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yesiqu esiqwini ukukhishwa kokudla namanzi. Ngosizo lwalesi sitho, isilwane sikhangela futhi sikhiqize le mikhiqizo ebalulekile.

Indlovu yehlukile kwezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ngoba idla ukudla ikakhulukazi ngekhala layo, elikuthola kuyo. Ukudla kwalesi silwane kuya ngohlobo lwendlovu. Njengoba indlovu ingumbila, izondla kakhulu ngezitshalo, imifino nezithelo.

Izindlovu zaseNdiya zithanda ukudla amaqabunga aqhekezwe ezihlahleni nezimpande zezihlahla eziqhekekile, kanti izindlovu zase-Afrika zithanda utshani. Esikhathini esiningi, zithanda ukudla okugqashulwe kusuka ekuphakameni okungewona amamitha angaphezu kwamabili, kuya kancane uma indlovu ifinyelela phezulu kakhulu futhi ikhuphukele nasemilenzeni yayo yangasemuva, uma inyamazane ikufanele.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Futhi, imikhuba yokudla yendlovu ingashintsha ngokuya ngenkathi yesikhathi sezulu.

Nsuku zonke lezi zilwane ziyaphoqelelwa ukuthi zihambe amabanga amade kakhulu ukuthola ukudla, ngoba indlovu endala idinga ukudla amakhilogremu angama-250 okudla ngosuku ngombuso ojwayelekile. Imvamisa le nqubo ingathatha amahora angama-19 ngosuku kusukela ku-proboscis.

Futhi uma indlovu ingenakho ukudla okujwayelekile okwanele, khona-ke ingadla amagxolo akhishwe esihlahleni, ngaleyo ndlela ibangele ukulimala okukhulu emvelweni, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukubuyisela izihlahla ezinjalo. Kepha izindlovu zase-Afrika, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ziyakwazi ukusabalalisa izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo. Ngenxa yezakhi zesistimu yokugaya ukudla, izindlovu zinokudla okumbalwa kakhulu kokudla, futhi ziyakwazi ukudlulisela imbewu edliwayo kwezinye izindawo.

Ukuphuza

Imvamisa, isilwane sidonsa amanzi ngesigaxa bese sikungenisa kumthamo wamalitha ayi-150 ngosuku. Ngokwesomiso, ukuqeda ukoma kwabo, izindlovu ziyakwazi ngemigodi yazo ukumba izimbobo ezifika kumitha eyodwa ekujuleni lapho zifuna amanzi aphansi komhlaba futhi ziyiphuze, ziqothule ngesigaxa.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Esiqwini sesiqu somzimba kungaba ngamalitha ayi-8 amanzi ngasikhathi.

Abantu abadala baqoqa amanzi esiqwini bese bawondla ngomlomo.

Ukuzivikela ezitheni

Endle, ngaphezu kwezinduna, indlovu nayo isebenzisa isiqu sayo ukuvikela. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwesitho, isilwane singaphindisela ukushaya kusuka kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi, futhi isibalo semisipha esiqwini siyinika amandla amakhulu. Isisindo somzimba sikwenza kube isikhali esihle kakhulu: kumuntu omdala, sifinyelela ku-140 kg, futhi ukushaya kwalawa mandla kungaphindisela ekuhlaselweni umhlaseli oyingozi.

Ezokuxhumana

Yize iqiniso lokuthi ososayensi sebefakazele ikhono lezindlovu lokuxhumana zisebenzisa i-infrasound, iqhaza elibalulekile ekuxhumaneni kwalezi zilwane lidlalwa isiqu. Imvamisa, lokhu kuxhumana ngukulandelayo:

• ukubingelela - izindlovu zibingelelana ngosizi lwesiqu,
• ukusiza inzalo.

Izindlovu zisebenzisa ubuthi ukuxoxa nezingane zazo. Phezu kokuthi iqiniso lokuthi inkonyane encane yendlovu ihamba kabi, inesidingo sokuhamba, futhi umama wayo uyayisiza kulokhu. Bephethe imithungo yabo, umama newundlu bahamba kancane, ngenxa yokuthi ekugcineni labo bafunda ukuhamba.

Futhi, abantu abadala bangasebenzisa isiqu ukujezisa inzalo yokona. Ngasikhathi sinye, vele, izindlovu azifaki amandla azo, kepha zinwaya izingane ngobumnene. Ngokuqondene nokuxhumana phakathi kwezindlovu, lezi zilwane zithanda kakhulu ukuthinta omunye nomunye ngeziqu, zibhinca “izifudlana” emhlane wazo nangazo zonke izindlela ezingakhombisa ukunaka kwazo.

Isiqu njengesitho somqondo

Emakhaleni aseceleni kwesiqu kusiza isilwane ukuhogela ukudla. Ososayensi baqhube izifundo ezakhombisa ukuthi indlovu ingasheshe ikhethe phakathi kweziqukathi ezimbili, esinye sazo sigcwele ukudla, sisebenzisa iphunga.

Ukuhogela futhi kuvumela indlovu:

• ukuthola ukuthi enye indlovu ingeyenkomo yakhe noma enye,
• thola ingane yakho (yomama bendlovu),
• uthathe iphunga eliqhele ngamakhilomitha ambalwa.

Njengoba ama-receptors angama-40,000 etholakala esiqwini, umuzwa wephunga lendlovu uzwela kakhulu.

Umsizi ongafinyeleleki

Ngemuva kokubheka yonke imisebenzi yesiqu, singaphetha ngokuthi indlovu ayinakuphila ngaphandle kwalesi sitho. Ivumela isilwane ukuphefumula, ukudla nokuphuza, ukuzivikela ezitheni, ukuxhumana nohlobo lwayo, ukuthwala nokuhambisa izinto ezisindayo. Uma indlovu ihamba endaweni engayazi, ebheka njengeyingozi, umgwaqo nawo uzizwa unesibhakela. Lapho isilwane siqonda ukuthi kuphephile ukusitha, sibeka unyawo lwaso endaweni evivinyiwe futhi siyaqhubeka nokunyakaza.

Kuzoba nokuthakazelisa:

Lesi sitho esisodwa sikhonza indlovu ngakhala, izindebe, izandla nezindlela zokuqoqa amanzi. Ukufunda ukusebenzisa isiqu kahle ngendlela enzima kunzima impela, futhi izindlovu ezincane zifunda lobu buciko iminyaka emibili yokuqala yokuphila.

Ukubuka kuqala:

Ingqungquthela yesayensi esebenza ngokwesayensi yezingane zasenkulisa kanye nezingane zamabanga aphansi "Ucwaningo kanye nokuhlolwa."

Isihloko esigcwele sesihloko somsebenzi

"Kungani indlovu ingquza?"

Isabelomali Semali Yesikhungo Semfundo Abanikazi besikole sase-Basic1

Moskova Zhanna Anatolevna

Isondlo, ukwenziwa komsebenzi

Indima Yabazali

Ukusesha idatha, usizo ekukhumbuleni umbhalo

Ngabona udaba lukaR. Kipling mayelana neNdlovu enelukuluku nokuthi litholile kanjani isiqu.

Ngazibuza ukuthi kungani indlovu inesiqu eside kangaka? Ngakho-ke ingqikithi yomsebenzi wami yanqunywa.

Inhloso yokusebenza: Thola ukuthi kungani indlovu inesibambo eside kangaka.

• ukutadisha izincwadi, imibono yososayensi ngalesi sihloko
• thola ukuthi siyini isicubu
• Thola ukuthi indlovu ingenzani ngesibumbu

Inhloso yokufunda: ndlovu

Isihloko sesifundo: isiqu sendlovu

I-Hypothesis - Ngicabanga ukuthi indlovu idinga isiqu eside ukuze ikwazi ukuthola izinto ezikude nabo.

Izindlela: Ukuhlaziywa Kwezincwadi

Kudala, mammoths bahlala emhlabeni. Izimo zokuphila kwazo zazinzima kakhulu futhi kancane kancane zilandelana ngemuva kokushona kwezilwane ezincelisayo, zingakwazi ukumelana nobunzima. Inzalo yabo

baba izindlovu zase-Asia nezase-Afrika. Ziyizilwane ezinkulu kakhulu ezihlala emhlabeni.

Ukwakheka komzimba wendlovu kuhlinzeka ngesitho esimangalisayo - isiqu.

Ngokuvamile, siyini isiqu? Impumulo, lip, isandla? Futhi kungani edinga “konke lokhu”?

Isiqu kuyinto ekhaleni ngoba indlovu inganuka ngequbhu. Ukuguqula

trunk ohlangothini olulodwa noma kolunye, futhi enwebeka (emakhaleni) ukuphela kwesiqu sesiqu, uyozizwa ngokushesha

ukuba khona komuntu, isilwane noma intuthu yomlilo.

Isiqu yisindebe ngoba sibamba ukudla futhi sikuthumele emlonyeni ngesigaxa.

Isiqu sisandla, ngoba ngesidumbu indlovu ithatha amaqabunga kanye namagatsha ezihlahleni ikhe amanzi,

bese uyithululela emlonyeni wakho. Ngesiqu, indlovu ingashaya izitha kanzima kangangokuba iwele phansi,

futhi mhlawumbe aze ayishaye.

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani indlovu idinga isiqu.

Cha, indlovu ayisidingi isiqu ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze ivuthele impumulo yayo ngobumnene, isuse amabanga, isikwena

emuva noma ukhulise imali emhlabathini ngaphandle kokugoba ngaphezulu. Izizathu zokuba ne-trunk zilele

Abantu abathukuthele abangamaNgisi benza izindlovu ukuthi zisebenze. Babesebenzisa njengokusalungiswa

phoqelela, futhi njengomthwalo, ngoba akubizi ndlovu ukwenza lutho ukukhulisa i-log nesiqu sayo,

idlulisele ebangeni elifunekayo bese ubeka lapho iyaleziwe. Ngemuva kwakho konke, izindlovu zinhle

Ngesiqu, izihlahla zendlovu ziyazika ziyisuse, futhi zisuse nezinye

izithiyo ezibavimba ukuba bangadlula.

Ngesiqu, indlovu ikwazi ukwanga intombi, iyicindezele noma ibambe umsila wayo njengesandla

omama ngenkathi besebancane. Futhi ngosizo lwesiqu, indlovu ingakwazi

thatha izinto ezincane emhlabathini, kufaka phakathi imali. Ngoba nakhu ithiphu

isicubu kukhona izicubu zomzimba ezithuthukisiwe ezenza umsebenzi weminwe. Ngokuvamile, indlovu ngaphandle

isiqu, ngokungathi ngaphandle kwezandla.

Ngosizo lwesiqu, indlovu iphunyuka emlilweni ngokuqoqa amanzi nangokuzithela njenge hose.

Indlovu igobhoza esiqwini, okungukuthi, ixhumana nohlobo lwayo, nomsindo owenziwa yilesi sitho

ezwe amakhilomitha amaningi.

Ngamafuphi, isiqu yikhala, izindebe, isandla, ithuluzi lomsindo, nowewashi lokugeza.

Ngokuvamile, isitho sesiqu somzimba sikhona, sibaluleke kakhulu futhi sihluke ngokuphelele.

Bathini ososayensi?

Ososayensi bathi isiqu yisindebe esingaphezulu, esifakwe ekhaleni futhi simelele ishubhu

kusuka emisipha. Lesi sitho sendlovu sinamandla ngokweqile futhi sivumelana nezimo. Futhi indlovu ngokwayo, ososayensi bayaphikelela,

- enkulu kunazo zonke izilwane zomhlaba. Futhi uhlakaniphe kakhulu. Futhi futhi ubekezele futhi uhlakaniphile.

Ngaphakathi, ososayensi bathi, isiqu sesihlukaniswe iziteshi ezimbili, kanti kuso kanye isephulelo sinayo

imisipha ethuthukisiwe (iminwe). Futhi ososayensi bathi izindlovu ziyinzalo yezilwane ezincelisayo,

naye owayeneziqu nemikhonto. Ngendlela, izicubu eziphuma emhlathini ongenhla

indlovu, ayikho into edlula amazinyo "akhulile" kakhulu. Futhi "ikhulile" njengekhala nephezulu

Ukuphetha impendulo yombuzo othi "Kungani indlovu idinga isiqu", ngingathanda ukusho okulandelayo: ngaphandle kwesiqu, indlovu

angithi nakancane, lokhu kuyimpumulo, nomlomo, nengalo, nethuluzi lomsindo.

Kuvikela ezinambuzaneni naselangeni

Izindlovu zase-Afrika zibuye zisebenzise iziqu zazo ukuthatha i-shawa othulini, olusiza ukuxosha izinambuzane nokuzivikela emisebeni eyingozi yelanga (izinga lokushisa endaweni yazo livame ukudlula ngama-35 ° C). Ukwenza i-shower sha, indlovu yase-Afrika idonsa uthuli esiqwini sayo, bese igoba ngaphezu kwekhanda laso bese ikhipha uthuli uqobo lwayo (Ngenhlanhla, lolu thuli aluvimbi ukunyakaza ezilwaneni).

Kubanjwa iphunga

Ngaphezu kokusetshenziselwa ukudla, isiphuzo kanye nothuli, isiqu sezindlovu siyisakhiwo esiyingqayizivele esidlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lokuphamba kulezi zilwane ezincelisayo. Izindlovu ziphenduka iziqu zazo ngemikhondo ehlukene ukuze zibe nephunga elingcono. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi izindlovu zingahogela amanzi ebangeni elingamakhilomitha amaningi.

Ukuqondisa kahle

Yisakhiwo semisipha esingenalutho esinemisipha engaphezu kuka-100,000. Le yingxenye yomzimba ezwelayo futhi edabukisayo yomzimba, ngakho izindlovu zingaqoqa futhi zihlukanise izinto ezinobukhulu obuhlukile, kwezinye izikhathi zize zilwe nezitha zangaphambili. Isiqu sendlovu siqine kangangokuba ingaphakamisa izinto ezinesisindo esingama-350 kg. Ngosizo lwezinqubo ezenziwe ngomunwe, lesi silwane siyakwazi futhi ukucosha ngobuhlakani izindwani zotshani noma ngisho nokubamba ibhulashi lokudweba.

Kwezokuxhumana

Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi isiqu somuthi sisetshenziselwa ukuphefumula (nokuhogela, ukuphuza, nokondla), futhi kubalulekile ekuxhumaneni namanye amalungu omhlambi, kubandakanya nemikhonzo kanye nezinduna. Ubuhlobo obuphakathi kukamama lowesifazane nenzalo yakhe buyabavikela futhi buqabule. Omama namanye amalungu omhlambi bahlanza amawundlu ngendlela ehlukile. Bangasonga isiqu somlenze wangemuva wendlovu, isisu, ihlombe nentamo ngesibambo, futhi bavame ukuthinta umlomo waso. Umsindo odonsa ngokulinganayo uvame ukuhambisana nokushukuma okumnene.

Isiqu sezindlovu savela phakathi kokuvela kwemvelo

Le ngxenye yomzimba wendlovu ikhula kancane kancane ngaphezulu kwamashumi ezigidi zeminyaka, njengoba okhokho bezindlovu zanamuhla bazivumelanisa nezidingo eziguqukayo zezinto eziphila kuzo. Okhokho bokuqala abakhonjwa ezindlovu, njenge phosphaterium, eminyakeni engama-50 edlule, babengenazo iziqu zemithi, kepha njengoba ukuncintisana kwamaqabunga ezihlahla nezihlahla kukhuphuka, izilwane zaphoqeleka ukuba ziphenduke ukuze ziphile. Eqinisweni, indlovu iye yathuthukisa isiqu sayo ngesizathu esifanayo sokuthi indlulamithi inentamo ende!