Ibhasikidi leVenus, noma Euplectella aspergillum - esinye sezipanji ezinhle kakhulu. Kuzoba ngokunemba ngokwengeziwe ukusho ukuthi lesi sipanji sinomthambo omuhle kakhulu, owethulwe ngesimo se-cylindrical openwork plexus yezakhi zamathambo. Kungumthambo weBhasikidi laseVenus elibhekwa njengomhlobiso obalulekile nephupho labaqoqi abaningi, futhi ngenxa yaso isipanji sathola igama elinjalo lothando. Ithanga layo eliyisikhumba elihlukile, njengebhasikidi, lakhiwe kusuka kumicu emincane ye-translucent, futhi lingathinta ngisho nonkulunkulukazi wobuhle, uthando nezingadi - uVenus.
Ukuchazwa kokuqala kwalesi sidalwa kwenziwa ngudokotela wezilwane odumile wase-English nodokotela wezimbali u-Sir Richard Owen ngo-1841, ngenkathi efunda izilwanyana zasePhilippines.
Euplectella aspergillum ngeyamaqembu I-Lyssacinosidakufakwe esigabeni seziponji eziyisithupha noma ezineglasi (I-Hexactinellida noma IHyalospongia) Umusa Euplectella njengamanje zihlanganisa izinhlobo zeziponji eziyi-15, okuthi amahemuhemu aqambe amabhasikidi aseVenus ngobuhle nangomusa wesakhiwo samathambo.
Lezi yizilwane zasolwandle ezijwayelekile, ikakhulukazi ezihlala zodwa, ezingaphansi kwamakholoni kakhulu, ezihlala ezindaweni ezijulile - kusuka kumamitha ayi-100 kuya ekujuleni kwamakhilomitha, kepha zithanda ukuhlala ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-400-600.
Ibhasikidi laseVenus lingatholakala ezindaweni ezisempumalanga yoLwandlekazi i-Indian nasentshonalanga yoLwandlekazi iPacific, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo. Idume ngokukhethekile ngobuningi beziponji zamanzi endaweni yeziqhingi zasePhilippines. Imvamisa Amabhasikidi amaVenus ahlala ezindaweni ezinamanzi ajulile asendaweni yeshelufu yamazwekazi naseziqhingini.
Izipanji zengilazi zingezilwane zasendulo kakhulu - izinsalela zamathambo abo zivela esikhathini seSilurian, isb., Zineminyaka okungenani engama-420-440 wezigidi.
Indlela yokuphila yalezi zilwane ayifundiswanga kahle, ngoba amaVenus Baskets atholakala ekujuleni okukhulu. Njengazo zonke izipanji, ziyizilwane ezihlala phansi ezinamathela edwaleni noma edwaleni ngaphansi. Ukudla kwabo kuyizinto eziphilayo ezincane nezinsalela eziphilayo ezitholakala emanzini isiponji esihamba ngazo iziteshi zomzimba waso.
Isiponji Ibhasikidi laseVenus linomzimba wesilinda, okuyisisekelo saso isithambo se-silicon yezinaliti ezinamacala ayisithupha. Imisebe yezinaliti iqondiswe ezindizeni ezintathu ezilandelanayo, kutholakala izinaliti ezinemisebe engaphansi. I-silicon skeleton empeleni ibukeka njengengilazi, ngakho-ke i-Basket yeVenus, njengoba, nabanye abaningi abamele isigaba sesiponji esinezici eziyisithupha, sithethelela igama lesigaba sayo - isipanji sengilazi.
Lezi zilwane zikhipha izinhlanganisela ze-silicic acid emanzini olwandle bese zibaguqula zibe yi-silica, zakha uhlaka lwamathambo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwe-fiberglass yemvelo. Ubukhulu bezakhi zozimele obunjalo abungeke bukhulu ukwedlula izinwele zomuntu, ngenxa yalesi sizathu amathambo eziponji zengilazi abucayi kakhulu futhi abuthaka.
Ukuphakama komzimba wezinhlobo eziningi zeVenus Basket akudluli ku-10-20 cm, kepha kungafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-30 cm (ngokusho kwemithombo ethile - kuze kufike ku-120 cm). Esiphambanweni saso kunomlomo obanzi, othi kubantu abadala uvalwe ngesixhaxu esivulekile sokwakheka kwamathambo.
Amathambo wesiponji ambozwe ngegobolondo elithambile, elifanekiselwa yi-epithelium, i-mesoglay, ekuqineni lapho kunezinye izinhlobo zeseli okukhona kuzo iziponji eziningi. Kufanele kuqashelwe kuphela ukuthi i-mesogley yeziponji zengilazi ayinawo amangqamuzana e-myocyte, isimilo sesiponji sezinye izigaba. Ubukhulu be-mesogley phakathi kwamaseli we-epithelial bungenwa ngemisele ngemigodi enobude bayo, ingaphakathi laso ligcwele ikhebulacyte - amaseli we-flagellate acindezela amanzi eziteshini ngomzimba wesipanji.
Isimpawu esiyingqayizivele seVenus Basket enezimbali ezijulile zasolwandle kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zama-crustaceans zakha isisekelo senkambiso enhle yaseJapan - ukunikeza abasanda kushada amathambo alesi siponji nge-pair of crustaceans ihlala emgodini wayo ongaphakathi womshado.
Ama-crustaceans amancane angena emgodini ngomlomo wesiponji futhi ahlala lapho, edla izinto eziphilayo ezidonswa amanzi yi-choanocyte kanye namanzi. Ngaphakathi kweVenus Basket, ama-shrimps nama-crustaceans azizwa ephephile, enempilo futhi enikezwa ngamanzi amasha, ngakho-ke awazizwa enesifiso sokushiya umphathi wawo, azinza endaweni yesiponji isikhathi eside. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, imfanzi iyakhula ibe yiziboshwa zamathambo we-Basket of Venus, ngoba ngeke ikwazi ukuyishiya ngotshani bomlomo. Kodwa-ke, ama-shrimps (futhi kuhlale kukhona umbhangqwana wawo - owesilisa nowesifazane) abanendaba nalokhu - bazizwa bekhululekile “ekuboshweni” kwabo. Zikhiqiza inzalo khona “ejele” lazo, kanti amabhungane amancane abhukuda emlonyeni wesiponji, imvamisa efuna indawo yokukhosela ebukeka njengekhaya labazali. 
Ngokusho kososayensi bezemvelo, lesi sidwengu sidla kuphela esikhungweni seVenus Basket hhayi nje “izikulufu” zomkhosi waso - kuvela ukuthi ebumnyameni bokujula isipanji siyakwazi ukukhipha ukukhanya, sihehe izilwane ezincane kakhulu, eziba yisigcwagcwa hhayi nje isipanji kuphela, kodwa futhi nabaqashi baso abalinganiselayo. Ama-Crustaceans asala ngokuhlala kwisiponji kuze kube kuphela kwezinsuku zawo, egcina ukuthembeka emshadweni wabo womshado. Kuliqiniso leli ebelisebenza njengesizathu sokubonakala kwesiko elichazwe ngenhla - ukunikeza abasanda kushada umshado iBhasikidi laseVenus elinama-crustaceans ngaphakathi, njengophawu lokuthembeka emshadweni.
Ngokusobala, icala lobuhlobo be-typiotic obethulwe lapha kufanele bufakazelwe ekuhlanganyeleni, ngoba akukho inzuzo etholakalayo yesiponji kusuka ekuhlanganyeleni nama-crustaceans kanye nezimfanzi, futhi akukho monakalo, okungenani, osobala.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi izazi zesayensi yezokwelapha zaba nesithakazelo emithanjeni yeziponji zengilazi - izici zezinto ezakhiwayo zalesi sakhiwo semvelo zihambelana kahle nezidingo "zentambo" ye-fiber optics. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bokufakelwa kwamehlo njengamanje buhambisana nokushisa okuphezulu, okwenza kube nzima ukulawula ikhwalithi nezakhiwo zezinto ezitholakele.
Izipanji zeglasi zikhiqiza "i-fiber" yazo ekujuleni okukhulu, lapho izinga lokushisa lingangeqi ama-2-10 degrees. C. Ukudlulisela kulezi zilwane ubuchwepheshe bokwenza ithanga lamasilika emazingeni okushisa aphansi, izazi zesayensi yezokwelapha zizokwazi ukuthola imicu yethambo nezinto zokwakha ezingcono.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathambo weziponji zengilazi angasiza ekwakheni izinto ezingabizi kakhulu futhi ezifanele zamaseli elanga.
Kepha njengamanje ithambo lamabhasikidi eVenus yaseVenus libaluleke kakhulu njengesikhumbuzo sobucwebe obumangalisayo obakhiwe ngemvelo.
Bona ukuthi i- "Venus Basket" ikuphi kwezinye izichazamazwi:
I-Order Cremornog sponges (iCornacuspongida) - Iqembu elikhulu kakhulu lesipanji. Lawa amafomu athambile ngobunono. Isigaxa sabo sakhiwa izinaliti ezingekho emthethweni. Kuhlala kukhona inani elilodwa noma elinye le-spongin, lapho izinaliti zihlanganiswa khona ndawonye kuzinqwaba noma imicu ... Biological Encyclopedia
I-Order (Hexasterophora) - Le yunithi ifaka iziponji zengilazi, lapho ama-microsclera emelelwa ngama-hexasters ahlukahlukene. Imvamisa izinaliti ezinkulu zalezi zipanji, ezixhuma nomunye, zakha skeleton ngesimo sendawo yomoya. Abamele abamele ... ... Biological Encyclopedia
Isiponji esinamaphoyinti ayisithupha - noma isiponji sengilazi (i-Hexactinellidae noma iHyalospongia) isizinda sesiponji se-silicon noma iSilicispongia. Zibonakaliswa ngokuba khona kwesikhumba esakhiwe ngezinaliti ezintathu, noma kunalokho, uhlobo lwesigamu esiyisithupha. Lezi zinaliti zivame ukuthengiswa ndawonye futhi ... ... F.A. Encyclopedic Dictionary UBrockhaus no-I-A.A. Efroni
IZIMPAWU ZOKUZIPHATHA. IZINHLOBO NAMAKHASIMU - Ezinhlelweni zanamuhla zokuhlukaniswa, umbuso wezilwane (i-Animalia) uhlukaniswe ngemibuso emibili engezansi: i-parazoi (Parazoa) ne-multicellular yangempela (i-Eumetazoa, noma iMetazoa). Uhlobo olulodwa lwesiponji olungolwazelelekile. Abanazo izicubu zangempela nezitho zomzimba, ... ... IColfer Encyclopedia
imihlathi emikhombe eyisithupha - ((isiponji isiponji), isigaba sezilwane zasolwandle ezingenamvelo ezifana nesiponji. I-skeleton inezinaliti ezingama-6 ray Flint. Zingaba ngu-500 izinhlobo, ekujuleni kuka-100 m noma ngaphezulu kuya kuma-ultra-abyssal, eRussia kunezinhlobo ezingama-34. * * * Isiponji esinezikhomba eziyisithupha ...
Isiponji esinamaphoyinti ayisithupha -? Imidwebo enezindebe eziyisithupha ... iWikipedia
I-hallucinogenic bullfighter - ISalvador Dali Hallucinogenic bullfighter, 1968 70 Amafutha ku-canvas. 398.8 × 299.7 cm iSalvador Dali Museum, eSt. Petersburg ... Wikipedia
I-Hallucinogenic Torrero - USalvador Dali Hallucinogenic Torrero, 1968 70 ... Wikipedia
IVenus de Milo enamakhabethe - ISalvador Dali Venus de Milo enamakhabethe, ngo-1936 iVenus de Milo enama-Drawers Gypsum. Ukuphakama: I-98 cm Ukuqoqwa okuyimfihlo "iVenus de Milo enama-Drawers" ... Wikipedia
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwebhasikidi leVenus nabanye abamele isiponji?
Lezi zilwane ekwakhekeni kwazo zifana nomkhumbi owenziwe ngohlobo lomoya. Ngaphandle, isipanji sibukeka njengebhasikidi entekenteke. Amathambo wesilwane asuselwa ekwakhiweni kwe-silicon. Inezinaliti eziningi zama-ray, ngakho-ke isipanji singokwesigaba sengilazi - phela, ithambo layo libonakala lingabonakali, futhi esikhundleni salo "lintekenteke" nje kuphela.
Izidlo zokudla okwenziwe ngeVenus nezindlela zokuphila
Abamele lolu hlobo bathanda ukuziphilela bodwa. Amaqoqo obhasikidi angaba njalo ngaphandle komthetho. Hlala ekujuleni okukhulu, okunamathiselwe ematsheni nakwezinye izinto ezingaphansi kwamanzi. Hola, ikakhulukazi, indlela yokuphila yokuhlala.
Amabhasikidi adla ngama-microorganisms.
Ukudla kwebhasikidi leVenus kuyizinhlobonhlobo zamagciwane, kanye nezinsalela eziphilayo. Isipanji sishayela ukudla ngomzimba waso, ngaleyo ndlela sinikeza umzimba izakhi zomzimba.
Izici eziwusizo zezipanji zomuntu nezomhlaba wesayensi
Okumangazayo ngokwanele, kepha okwakudala, ngokubuka kokuqala, izidalwa zisebenza njengensika ebaluleke kakhulu yesayensi, ikakhulukazi kwi-physics. Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke baphethe ngokuthi izipanji zengilazi (futhi ikakhulukazi obhasikidi weVenus) ziyisibonelo sokwenza isizukulwane esisha se-fiber optical.
Ubhasikidi weVenus unesakhiwo esinezinhlaka eziyisithupha.
Uma ubheka laba bantu abangaphansi, ososayensi bazama ukusebenzisa amandla okwenza i-skeleton ye-silicon kumarekhodi aphansi okushisa (ngemuva kwakho konke, ekujuleni okukhulu, izinga lokushisa lisukela ku-2 kuye ku-10 degrees).
Ubhasikidi weVenus ubuye ube nenhle yobuhle, ngoba umthambo wawo uyisikhumbuzo esibalulekile, kanye nomhlobiso.
Amaqiniso athakazisayo ngebhasikidi leVenus
Isiko elinye lakudala laseJapan lihambisana nalezizipanji, ezibandakanya ukwethembeka kwendoda nenkosikazi. Futhi isiko lisuka lapho: ibhasikidi laseVenus linophawu olukhangayo nge-shrimp kanye nama-crustaceans amancane. Njengoba isencane, la ma-crustaceans angena ngaphakathi kubhasikidi futhi ahlala lapho aze abe mdala, ngoba ithambo lesiponji lisebenza njengohlobo "lwendlu" yazo. Kepha lapho ama-shrimp noma ama-crustaceans ekhula, ahlala 'eboshelwe' unomphela, ngoba awakwazi ukuphuma.
Kungakho ababesanda kushada ngosuku lomshado banquma ukunikela ngebhasikidi leVenus ngebhangqa lama-crustaceans ngaphakathi ukuze abasha bahlala bangahlukani.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Ngabe zihlala kuphi izipanji ezibizwa ngokuthi amabhasikidi amaVenus?
Lezi zidalwa zingatholakala emanzini asentshonalanga oLwandlekazi iPacific nasezifundeni ezisempumalanga zoLwandlekazi i-Indian.
Khetha amabhasikidi weVenus ukuze uzinze ezindaweni ezishisayo. Ikakhulu iningi labo eduze nasePhilippine Islands.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwebhasikidi yezimbali
Izingoma obhasikidi zidinga ukunakekelwa okuhlukile okuhlukile kunokwezimbali zasendulo. Umehluko omkhulu futhi oyisisekelo ukuthi okokuqala i-vase ayidingeki, okusho ukuthi asikho isidingo sokwengeza ukugeza isitsha ngamanzi usebenzisa imikhiqizo esekwe ku-chlorine.
Ukwenza izingoma obhasikidi, ama-florists ochwepheshe asebenzisa isiponji esikhethekile - i-bioflora, engabonakali ngokuphelele. Ibekwe ezansi kubhasikidi. Izinto ezibonakalayo zibamba futhi zigcinele umswakama kahle, ngakho-ke zondla isitshalo isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiponji sisiza ukudala nokugcina isimo esifunekayo sokubumbeka. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ze-bioflora:
Ungazinakekela kanjani izimbali kubhasikidi onesipanji kuhambisana nezinga lokushisa nomswakama egumbini okukhona kulo isipho. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nomswakama ophansi, amanzi avela ku-bioflora asheshe aqhume, ngakho-ke udinga ukuphindisela uketshezi ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi.
Ungakunisela kanjani ukwakheka
Izitshalo kubhasikidi kumele ziniselwe nsuku zonke. Uma igumbi lishisa - kaningi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa amanzi ajwayelekile okuma. Akunconywa ukunisela izimbali ngamanzi kampompi. Ngokufanelekile, uketshezi kufanele luxazulule cishe amahora amabili.
Ngokuqondene nokushisa koketshezi lokunisela, akufanele lube phezulu. Eliphezulu - izinga lokushisa lamakamelo noma eliphansi kancane. Amanzi apholile anciphisa inqubo yokuvula ama-buds, ngenkathi amanzi ashisayo, kunalokho, ashesha.
Ungakunisela kanjani izimbali kubhasikidi wesiponji? Ungasebenzisa:
- ibhodlela elijwayelekile elinentamo emincane,
- ukuthambisa okuncane
- teapot enekhala elincane.
Umthetho oyinhloko ukuvimba amanzi ukuthi angangeni emakhanda ezitshalo. Kufanele futhi ugeze amaqabunga othulini kanye ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, zisule ngobumnene ngendwangu emanzi.
Imithetho ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwebhasikidi yezimbali
Ukuze ugcine isitsha sesimbali sisesitsha esishisayo ngenkathi efudumele, susa ukwakheka ngobusuku kuvulandi. Ungakhohlwa ukusula uthuli bese wenza ukufakelwa kwamanzi okuhlanza ngaphakathi endlini. Zama ukususa isisusa somsindo oqinile egumbini (kufakazelwe ukuthi umsindo awubekezelelwa kahle futhi uyaphela ngokushesha).
- gcina izitshalo eduze kwezithelo isikhathi eside (eyokuqala ikhipha i-ammonia ngokuhamba kwesikhathi),
- ukudonsa izimbali sipanji,
- beka obhasikidi eduze kwemithombo yokushisa,
- nisela izitshalo amakhanda ngamanzi.
Yilokho kuphela. Akudingekile ukuba uchwepheshe wezimbali ukuze izitshalo zikujabulise isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Zonke izinqubo ezingenhla ngeke zithathe imizuzu engu-5-10 yesikhathi sakho.
Ukunakekelwa kwezimbali ze-Hat box
Izimbali ezisebhokisini lesigqoko zidinga ukunakekelwa okufanayo nezimbali ezisebhasikidi ngaphandle kwemininingwane ethile. Okokuqala, ungazidonseli izimbali ngaphandle kwe-oasis, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungazifaka emuva. Okwesibili, sebenzisa umsele wokunisela nge-spout ende emincane ukuze ungafaki ibhokisi ngenkathi uthambisa. Amanye ama-florists asebenzisa isirinji kulokhu. Okwesithathu, kungcono ukuthi ususe ngokushesha amaqabunga awile awele kwisiponji ukuze angaqali ukubola. Isiponji sezimbali esivela kubhasikidi noma ebhokisini singasetshenziswa futhi. Ngemuva kokuphela kwezimbali, kufanele igezwe futhi yomiswe, bese kuphela-ke ifakwe emanzini.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezimbali ezisikiwe
Kepha bewazi ukuthi izimbali ezahlukahlukene zidinga ukunakekelwa okuhlukile futhi zingama isiponji noma i-vase yezikhathi ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, i-rose ingakuma isiponji izinsuku ezingafika ku-30 uma uyinkha ngamanzi abilisiwe. Amakhefu azokujabulisa amasonto amabili ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okukhethekile. Izimbali zentwasahlobo ezifana ne-irises, ama-tulips nama-daffodils athande umswakama obandayo. Isiponji lapho bezimi khona singagcinwa sigcwele ama-ice cubes. Kodwa ama-peonies athande amanzi afudumele, ngoba ukuchelela kwawo kungashiswa, noma kugcizelelwe ekushiseni kwegumbi. I-Freesias iyaphela ngokungalingani, lawo magatsha omile ngaphambili kufanele asuswe ekwakhiweni. I-Hippeastrum akuyona imbali ephikelela phambili; ingama isiponji isikhathi esingangesonto elilodwa. Ama-orchid abucayi kakhulu: uma udonsa ehlahleni lapho uthambisa, khona-ke amanzi awele ezintabeni angadala amabala.
Ukunakekelwa Hat
Isixha sezimbali esikhulukhulu sebhokisi lesigqoko sihluke kwezinye ngoba isipanji sezimbali asihambelani phansi. Ama-Tulips aboshwe ngefilimu yamanzi nengxube yezakhi, okusho ukuthi isixha esinjalo singama ngaphandle kokungenelela kosuku olulodwa. Ngosuku olulandelayo, kufanele ukhiphe izimbali ebhokisini, hlamba, usike bese ubeka endaweni ye-vase esebenza ngokugijima, kepha uzinze emanzini bese ufaka ingxube yezakhi.
uhlobo oluthile lokubuyekezwa "oluncane" ... njengokungathi ngokushesha endaweni ethile
