I-Hylobates muelleri UMartin, ngo-1841 = Müller Gibbon (Swinging Gibbon)

Esiqhingini saseBorneo, iMuller Gibbon esishisayo ihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo ezihlala zihlala zinamahlathi emvula. Umbala wejazi lakhe uhluka kusuka mpunga kuya nsundu, futhi kuphela umqhele wekhanda nesifuba kumnyama ngaphezu komzimba wonke, ubude bawo bungama-440-635 mm nobunzima bomzimba bungama-4-8 kg. I-Mibller's Gibbon dimorphism yezocansi ayivezwanga cishe: abesilisa nabesifazane cishe ngokungaqondakali. UMueller Gibbon unezinhlamvu zesayensi emaqeleni, amazinyo amade okudla (i-fangs) ende, kanti nomsila, njengamanye ama-gibbons, awukho.

Izidalwa ezihlaselayo zemvelo ye-gibbon azaziwa, nokuthi ubude bazo abaziwa. Izinyoka ezinezinyoka kanye nezinyoka zezihlahla mhlawumbe ziyizitha zazo eziyingozi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezilwaneni ezincane, futhi isikhathi sokuphila kwe-Muller gibbon cishe siyiminyaka engama-25, njengezinye izinhlobo zohlobo lweHylobates.

Izibhebhe zikaMüller ziyizilwane eziguqukayo eziqala umsebenzi wazo ekuseni, futhi zizinze ebusuku ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga. Ama-Gibbons phakathi nosuku ajwayele ukusebenza kusuka emahoreni ayi-8 kuye kwayi-10. Abesilisa bavame ukuvuka ngaphambi kwabesifazane ngakho-ke basebenza isikhathi eside. Bachitha isikhathi sabo esiningi sosuku befuna ukudla nokuzondla emiqhele yezihlahla zehlathi.

I-Muller gibbons idla okuvuthiwe, okunothile oshukela, izithelo namajikijolo, ngezinga elincane kufaka amahlumela nezimbali ezincane ekudleni kwazo.

Ama-Mueller Gibbons agugile kakhulu. Bahamba badabula ezihlahleni, bayanyakaza futhi ngenxa yalokho basuka kwelinye igatsha baye kwelinye. Le ndlela yokuhamba ibonga izingalo zabo ezinde. Ingxenye esemqoka yesithupha iqala kusuka esihlakaleni, hhayi esandleni sesandla, ekuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule ububanzi kanye nokunemba kokuhamba kwesandla. Ama-Gibbons angahamba ngokushesha ashintshanisa ukunyakaza kwama-oscillatory egatsheni ngokugxuma okude. Bangakwazi ukumboza ibanga lamamitha amathathu ngokushintshana okukodwa, kepha bebonke bahamba ukusuka kumamitha angama-850 baye ku-1 km noma ngaphezulu ngosuku.

Izibhebhe zikaMüller zibhukuda kabi, ngakho-ke zigwema amanzi avulekile, kepha ziyakwazi ukuhamba emhlabathini, futhi zisesimweni esime mpo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuze balondoloze ukulinganisela, baphakamisa izandla zabo phezulu noma basakaze bodwa.

AmaMueller Gibbons ahlala emaqenjini abantu abathathu noma abane. Abantu abahlala bodwa nabo bavamile - lezi yizilwane ezivuthiwe futhi zavuthwa ngokobulili, ezaphoqwa ukuba zishiya imindeni yazo, kodwa ezingakawutholi umndeni nezindawo zazo. Abesilisa abahamba bodwa bacula izingoma ezinde kunezabesilisa ngababili, mhlawumbe ngenhloso yokuheha owesimame ukuthi bakhe i-pairinging. Izintokazi ezinesizungu azivamile ukucula, zilalela izingoma zomkhwenyana.

Abesilisa "abashadile" bacula izingoma ezinde ngaphambi kokuphuma kwelanga. Abesifazane bajoyina ukucula kwabesilisa ngemuva kokuphuma kwelanga bacule i-duet (iculo ngalinye lihlala ngokwesilinganiso lifika imizuzu eli-15) kuze kube ngu-10 ekuseni, kwesinye isikhathi isikhathi eside.

Yize ama-gibbons ama-Muller eyizidalwa zenhlalo, awachithi isikhathi esiningi ekuziphatheni komphakathi nasekusebenzisaneni okuhlukahlukene, njengoba kwenza abanye abokuqala. Kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yenani elincane labalingani bezenhlalo abakhona. Ukunakekelwa nokudlalwa komphakathi kuyizindlela ezimbili zokuziphatha komphakathi nokukhulumisana okudlayo okusetshenziswa ngabantu balolu hlobo. Sekukonke, ukunakekelwa okuhambisanayo kanye nemidlalo yezenhlalo kuhlala ngaphansi kwamaphesenti ama-5 emisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke.

Abesilisa nabesilisa abadala bacishe balingane ngesimo senhlalo. Yize, ngesikhathi sesifundo esikhethekile, kwavela ukuthi abesilisa kungenzeka ukuthi banakekele izinwele zezinsikazi futhi zivame ukudlalwa ngabantu abasha. Ngokuvamile, amasibonakaliso wokuxhumana we-gibbons afundwa ngemininingwane eyanele futhi, njengakwezinye izinhlobo zangaphambili, ama-gibbons ama-Muller asebenzisa ukushukuma komzimba, ukubukeka kobuso nezinye izindlela zomzimba ezithile ukuxhumana.

Ama-Mueller Gibbons ayindawo enkulu kakhulu. Yize indawo yabo ithatha cishe ama-40-50 ha, amaphesenti angama-75 kuphela ayo avikelwa ngenkuthalo ngabo. Ukuvikelwa kufaka phakathi izingoma zasekuseni nezangaphambi kokushona kwelanga, kanye nokushushiswa kwabakhohlisi abahlasele insimu yabo. UMueller Gibbons akavamile ukusebenzisa udlame lomzimba ngenkathi evikela indawo yakhe.

Ama-Mueller Gibbons ayizilwane ezikhuluphayo. Umbhangqwana uhlala (owesilisa nowesifazane) ngecebo lomndeni wabo, kanye nabo ngenzalo yabo. UMueller Gibbons uzale eyodwa kuphelamayelana nethole njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3. Izilwane ezisencane zifinyelela ekuvuthweni kocansi noma kokuzala okungenani ngeminyaka eyi-8-9. Futhi njengoba izilwane ezincane zihlala nabazali bazo, izingane ezindala zingasiza ekunakekeleni abancane, ngabesilisa bahlala bevikela abantu abasha futhi bebanakekela.

Akukho sizatho sonyaka ngokuzalanisa, ukukhula kokubeletha kwenzeka unyaka wonke. Kunedatha ekhawulelwe kakhulu yokubhanqa ama-gibbons e-Mueller. Abesilisa benza imizamo yokuzanywa kakhulu kunokuba abesifazane belungiselelwe. Futhi uma insikazi isilungele ukukhula, ithatha ithuba elikhethekile lokulungela, ukugoba phambili. Kepha uma owesifazana engazani, ulahla ubuduna besilisa, ashiye indawo yomhlangano.

Abesifazane banomjikelezo wokukhulelwa ohlala cishe izinsuku ezingama-28. Kodwa-ke, azikho izimpawu ezibonakalayo zocansi zokungena kwakhe ku-estrus, futhi izitho zangasese kuphela ezishintsha umbala kanye nokuvuvukala kwazo kubonakalisiwe. Lezi zinguquko kukholakala ukuthi zihambisana ne-ovulation.

Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sithatha isilinganiso sezinyanga eziyi-7. Intsha idla ubisi cishe iminyaka emibili, ngakho-ke isikhathi sokulumula nokushintshela ekuzondleni ibonwa cishe izinyanga ezingama-24 bese bezimele impela emisebenzini yabo. Abantu abasha bavame ukuhlala nabazali babo kuze kube yilapho sebefikisa, ngakho-ke kunzima ukusho ukuthi sebezimele ngasiphi iminyaka.

AmaMuller Gibbons abhalwe kuhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN anesimo “sengozi ephansi” ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zawo ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokugawulwa kwemithi.

Amahlathi eBorneo acebe kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwezinhlobo zezilwane nezitshalo. Ngokuya kwe-WWF, izidalwa zalesi siqhingi zibalelwa okungenani ezinhlotsheni ezingama-222 zezilwane ezincelisayo (ezingama-44 zazo ezingamachaphaza), izinyoni ezingama-420 (izazi ezingama-37), ama-amphibians ayi-100, izinhlanzi ezingama-394 (izimbali ezingama-19) kanye nezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingama-15,000 (izimbali ezingama-6,000). Kunezinhlobo eziyi-13 zezinyoni ezihlala kulesi siqhingi, zazo ezidume kakhulu yi-orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), inkawu engenacala (Nasalis larvatus), kanye ne-macaque engenamicu (Macaca fascicularis).

EBorneo, amahlathi amakhulu anciphile kakhulu endaweni, futhi ikusasa lesibhakela sikaMueller lincike ngokuphelele ebukhoneni nasehlathini lamahlathi.

Incazelo Mueller Gibbons

Umbala woboya be-Mueller Gibbon ungasukela ku-brown uye mpunga. Isifuba nomqhele wekhanda kumnyama kancane kumnyama wonke.

Ubude bomzimba ngamasentimitha angama-44-62, nesisindo somzimba sisukela kumakhilogremu amane kuya kwayi-8.

I-dimorphism yezocansi kulezi zinkawu cishe ayiqashelwa: abesilisa nabesifazane kunzima ukuhlukanisa. I-gibbons ka-Müller inezinhlamvu zesayensi nemifantu ebukhali emabhulokini abo, kepha akukho m umsila, njengabalingani bawo.

Indlela Yokuphila ye-Mueller Gibbon

Izidlamlilo zemvelo zemibhede kaMuller ayaziwa. Futhi isikhathi sokuphila kwabo asicaci. Kucatshangwa ukuthi izitha eziyingozi kakhulu kubo izinyoka zezihlahla nezinyoni zezinyamazane. Baphila, ngokunokwenzeka, iminyaka engaba ngu-25, njengamanye ama-gibbons.

IGibbon Mueller (iHylobates muelleri).

Ama-Mueller Gibbons ayasebenza phakathi nosuku, umsebenzi wawo uqala ekuseni. Ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga, bayolala. Umsebenzi wabo uhlala amahora angama-8-10. Abesilisa bavame ukuvuka ngaphambi kwabesifazane. Bachitha usuku lonke bafuna ukudla phakathi kwezihlahla.

Ukudla kwama-gibbons ama-Mueller aqukethe izithelo ezivuthiwe namajikijolo, lapho kunesilinganiso esikhulu sikashukela, nawo adla, kepha ngezinga elincane, izimbali namahlumela amancane.

Lezi zinkawu zigugile kakhulu, ziyajikisa emagatsheni, ngakho-ke zihamba. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezingalo zabo ezinde. Izibhebhe zikaMueller zihamba ngokushesha, zishintshana izandla, ngenkathi zigxuma isikhathi eside. Kwinhlangano eyodwa, banganqoba amamitha ama-3. Ezinganeni, "zidlula" ngale ndlela mayelana nekhilomitha.

Ama-Gibbons kaMüller ayizilwane zasemini ezitholakala emahlathini emvula.

Izibhebhe zikaMueller zintanta kabi, futhi abazi ukuthi bangahamba kanjani phansi beqonde. Ukuze balondoloze ukulinganisela, kufanele banwebe izingalo zabo ezinhlangothini noma baziphakamise.

Impilo Yomphakathi kaMueller Gibbons

Ama-gibbons ama-Mueller ahlala emindenini yabantu aba-3-4. Futhi, abantu abahlala bodwa bavame ukutholakala - amabhisikidi avuthiwe ngokobulili ashiye imindeni, kodwa angakakwazi ukuthola owabo umbhangqwana.

Abesilisa abangashadile bacula izingoma ezinde, ngakho-ke bazama ukuheha izintokazi. Abesilisa emndenini banezingoma ezimfushane. Futhi abesifazane abanesizungu abayenzi imisindo ngokuvamile; balalela izingoma ezimenyayo zalabo abasuke bengabafanele.

Ngaphambi kokuphuma kwelanga, abesilisa emndenini baqala ukucula, khona-ke abesifazane bawajoyine futhi ukucula kwe-duet kuyaqhubeka. Ingoma ngayinye efanayo ihlala cishe imizuzu eyi-15. Bacula kuze kube yi-10 ekuseni.

Ama-Gibbons ahlala emindenini yabantu abaningana.

Yize izimbali zikaMueller ziyizinkawu zenhlalo, azivame ukusebenzisana, njengoba kubonwa kwezinye izinto zasendulo. Mhlawumbe isizathu siyinani elincane labalingani bezenhlalo. Ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi, basebenzisa imidlalo futhi banakekelana, lokhu kuthatha isikhathi esingeqi ku-5% wesikhathi sonke se-Mueller gibbons ngosuku.

Isimo senhlalo yabantu besifazane nabesilisa cishe sifana. Kepha ucwaningo olukhethekile selukhombisile ukuthi abesilisa banamathuba amaningi wokunakekela izinwele zezinsikazi, ngaphezu kwalokho, maningi amathuba okubhekana nezingane.

Ukuxhumana kwe-gibbons kufundwe kahle, kuyaziwa ukuthi izibhebhe zikaMuller zinesistimu yokuthinta, zisebenzisa ukuma okukhethekile kanye nesimo sobuso.

Kwezokuxhumana, ama-gibbons angama-muller asebenzisa amazwi, ukubukeka kobuso nokunyakaza okungajwayelekile.

AmaMueller Gibbons ayizinkawu zomhlaba. Zinezindawo ezinkulu zokugcina - cishe amahektha angama-40-50, kodwa ngenkuthalo zivikela cishe izinto zazo ezingama-75%. Ukuze benze lokhu, bamemeza kakhulu njalo ekuseni, futhi abakhohlisi abahlasela insimu yabo bayaxoshwa. Ngesikhathi sokuvikela insimu, la ma-gibbons akavamile ukusebenzisa udlame lomzimba, ikakhulukazi umsindo kanye nokuklabalasa.

Ukusakazwa kweMuller Gibbon

Lezi zinkawu ziyizilwane ezithandekayo. Esizeni somndeni, umbhangqwana uhlala nezingane zawo. E-Mueller gibbons, kuzalwa ingane eyodwa njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3. Ukuthomba kuma-gibbons amancane kwenzeka eminyakeni eyi-8-9.

Izingane ezindala zivame ukusiza ekunakekeleni odadewethu abancane nabafowethu. Abesilisa bahlala bavikela inzalo yabo futhi banakekela izilwane ezincane.

IGibbon Mueller ingukuphela kukaFr. IBorneo, ehlala ezingxenyeni zayo ezisenyakatho nezasempumalanga.

Ama-gibbons e-Mueller awanayo inkathi ethile yokuzala; ukukhula kwawo kwenzeka unyaka wonke. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga eziyisikhombisa. Izinsikazi zondla omncane ngobisi cishe iminyaka emi-2.

Inani labantu baseMueller Gibbon

AmaMueller Gibbons asencwadini ebomvu, kepha anesimo "sengozi ephansi". Isibalo se-Mueller gibbons sinciphile ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi. Inani elikhulu lezilwane lihlala emahlathini eBorneo futhi kunezitshalo eziningi ezihlukile. Kuyikhaya lezinhlobo zezilwane ezincelisayo ezingama-222, kuyilapho izinhlobo ezingama-44 zisiqhingi kulesi siqhingi.

Amahlathi aseBorneo ayikhaya lezinhlobo eziyi-13 zezinyoni, ezinjengemonkey mosed, orangutan ne-macaque engenamila. Ngenxa yokuncipha kwendawo esehlathini, zonke lezi zilwane, kufaka phakathi nezinsimbi zikaMüller, zisongelwa ngokuqothulwa ngokuphelele. Abantu akufanele bakuvumele lokhu.

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Kwabazingeli ababonile tangalung (Viverra tangalunga).

Lolu hlobo luhlala eSundaland nasePhilippines.

Ngeqembu lakhe lokuqala ngaphansi kohlelo lweBorneo, izimfihlakalo zehlathi elinezimbali ngoJulayi 2019 zahlangana nekati laseBengal ngesikhathi seDaily Drive. Kepha ingwe emomotheka isalokhu ingathandeki njengamanje ...

Kuyafaneleka ukusho amagama ambalwa mayelana notshani obunothile kakhulu eSigodini saseDanum, kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezihlahla ze-dipterocarp kuphela ... Ehlathini, zonke izinhlobo zezimbali zitholakala.

Kodwa angisiye i-nerd, ngakho-ke angizange nginake kakhulu lokhu. Futhi, izinhlobo ezimbili zamakhowe zahlangana eduzane, ku-poop yendlovu.

Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukuqaphela inethiwekhi enhle yezindlela ezelula kuzo zonke izinkomba kusuka esiteshini sensimu. Eduze nehhovisi lepaki kukhona ukuma nemephu.

Kusekude ngaya eRhini laseRhino ngasosebeni lomfula uSebgama.

Nasi umbono obheke iRhino Discovery Suspension Bridge.

Futhi lokhu kungumbono woMfula uSegama kusuka ebhulohweni elikhulu.

Inqwaba yezilwane nezinyoni itholakala kumkhondo okuthiwa yi-Orchid, umzila we-Self Direct, umzila wePitta nasendleleni ephuma esigodini.

Imininingwane ongayivakashela

Isikhathi: unyaka wonke.
Ithikithi lokungena: I-ringgit engama-50 kumuntu ngamunye kanye ne-10 ringgit ngekhamera ngayinye. Kukhokhelwe kanye, noma ngabe ufuna ukuchitha izinsuku ezingaki eDanum Valley.
Isiqondisi sendawo: ngokuzithandela, kubiza ama-ringgit angama-30 ngehora kusuka eqenjini labantu abangafika kwabangu-8 phakathi nosuku kanye nama-50 ringgit ebusuku, noma ama-ringgit ayi-150 ngosuku eqenjini labantu abangafika kwabangu-8. Lapho uhamba ngokuhlala ubusuku obubodwa, ungathatha umlandeli ozothwala isisindo aze afike ku-12 kg nge-ringgit eyi-100 ngosuku.
Uhambo olwengeziwe: njengoba usuvele ufike kuleyo ndawo, ehhovisi le-DVFC ungavuma nge-akhawunti yokuvakasha okungeziwe Night Drive (20:30 - 22:30) noma neSunrise Drive (5:00 - 7:00) kwi-jeep. Kubiza i-ringgit eyi-160 nge-jeep, lapho abantu abangu-8 baphuma khona. Inani lihlukaniswe ngenani labagibeli. Kulezi zindawo zokuvakasha kunethuba lokubona ingwe enukayo. Sabona ikati laseBengal, ama-squirrels ezindizayo, amafutha e-loris, izikhova. Uhambo luyenziwa ngomgwaqo oholela ekuphumeni kusuka esigodini. Indawo yokuhamba - gazebo eduze kwendawo yokudlela. Uhambo kufanele lubhukishwe okungenani ngosuku olulodwa ngaphambi kwehhovisi le-DVFC.
Ingqalasizinda: ugesi kusuka ngo-7 a.m. kuya ku-11 p.m., igumbi lokudlela, ihostela, ukukanisa, amakamelo, isiteshi sensimu, indawo yokusebenzela, kwezinye izindawo kune-Internet 3G ebuthakathaka evela kubasebenzi abakhulu baseMalay (kusuka kuHallink kukhona).

Ungafika kanjani lapho

Okokuqala udinga ukuya edolobheni laseKota Kinabalu ngendiza esuka Kuala Lumpur, Kuching, noma Hong Kong.

Bese uhamba ngebhasi (amahora angu-8), noma undize ngendiza (ihora 1) uye edolobheni laseLahad Datu. Lapho kusuka ehhovisi le-DVFC ngoMsombuluko, uLwesithathu nangoLwesihlanu ngo-3 p.m. amaqabunga esiqiwi aseDanum Valley, kubiza ama-ringgit angama-85 umuntu ngamunye ngendlela eyodwa. Ukudluliselwa okubuyela edolobheni kwenziwa ngosuku olufanayo ngo-8: 30 ekuseni. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ungathatha ukudluliswa kwangasese ngesimo se-jeep kubantu abane kubantu abangu-350 ringgit ngendlela eyodwa, i-minivan yabantu abangu-8 izobiza i-650 ringgit.

Akunakwenzeka nje ukuza eSigodini seDanum usuka echibini elibalekayo! Udinga ukuqondisa ukuvakasha kwakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngeposi.

Uzothunyelwa irisidi eluselwa kwizicelo zakho (ukudla, indawo yokuhlala, njll.). Abafundi nezingane zesikole banesaphulelo esingu-30%. Inani lingakhokhelwa ngokheshi ehhovisi le-DVCF eLahad Datu ngaphambi kokusuka.

Ukuhlala nokudla

IDanum Valley Field Center inikezela ngezinketho eziningi zokuhlala:

Amatende kuma-ringgit angama-80 umuntu ngamunye. Izinguquko "zemibhede" ye-tarpaulin ngaphansi kombhede.

Kunendawo yokuphumula enezitolo. Ikhishi.

Futhi konke lokhu kusendaweni ethokomele kakhulu ekucaciseni ihlathi.

Dormitorium kuma-ringgit angama-95 umuntu ngamunye.

Abavakashi abaningi bahlala ema-dormas. Ihlukaniswe ngabesifazane nabesilisa, enemibhede engama-45 iyinye. Kukhona amathoyilethi, imibukiso, ikhishi.

Amakamelo eTwin eRththhouse for 286 ringgit. Kukhona ezimbalwa zazo futhi zivame ukuba matasa.

Amakamelo we-Chalet nge-390 ringgit. Bambalwa futhi.

Ukondla abantu esiteshini sensimu kwenziwa kathathu ngosuku ngokohlelo lwe-buffet:

Ukudla kwasekuseni kusuka ku-7 kuye ku-8. Kubiza ama-36 ringgit.
Ukudla kwasemini kusuka ku-12 kuye ku-13 Okufanele 44 izindandatho.
Ukudla isidlo kusuka ngo-19 kuye ku-20. Kubiza ama-ringgit angama-57.

Ukudla okuphathelene nerayisi no-noodle kanye nemifino, inkukhu, inhlanzi, cishe usuku olulodwa lwes squid, shrimp. Izithelo zihlala zikhonzwa: amakhabe, amakhabe, ama-aphula, ubhanana, uphayinaphu ... Kwababenza imifino bakhombisa i-tofu ne-tempeh. Ukondla okuhle kakhulu! Isethi ephelele (ibhulakufesi, isidlo sasemini, isidlo sakusihlwa) kubiza i-137 ringgit umuntu ngamunye ngosuku. Ungakhetha isidlo sasekuseni kuphela, noma isidlo sakusihlwa kuphela, noma ungazipheka ngokwakho.

Itiye / ikofi, amanzi okuphuza uhlala egumbini lokudlela.