Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthenga i-aquarium ngokwakho, khona-ke inhlanzi yokuqala okufanele uyithole yi-catfish. Bahlelekile kahle abahlanza phansi umosa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo ze-aquarium catfish, usayizi wazo ungasukela kumasentimitha ambalwa ukuya kumamitha ambalwa.

Ukwakheka komzimba wazo kuyinto engajwayelekile impela, okwenza ama-catfish abe yizintandokazi zabasolwandle abaningi basolwandle. Ukuze ugijime i-catfish ungene ku-aquarium yakho, udinga ukwazi ukuthi hlobo luni lokunakekelwa oludingayo, izici zokugcinwa kwazo nokuhambisana nezinye izinhlanzi.

Incazelo evamile ye-aquarium catfish

Bonke abameleli be-catfish bakhetha indlela yokuphila yobusuku, ebonakaliswa ukubukeka kwabo. Banombala ongakhanyi kakhulu ikakhulukazi brown, beige noma grey shadesezisondele kakhulu kumbala ongezansi.

Kuyiqiniso, kukhona okuhlukile umbala okhanyayoIsibonelo, ophuzi noma owesiliva.

Inhlanzi eyikati ungabi nesikali, njengazo zonke ezinye izinhlanzi, umzimba wazo umbozwe ungqimba obukhulu besikhumba noma amapuleti amathambo. Amaphiko atholakale ohlangothini nangemuva anezikhafu, kanti umlomo unamabhuza amaningana.

Ukubekwa kanye nokuhlelwa kwe-aquarium

Kungcono uma i-aquarium ene-catfish izoba egumbini lokuthula, ngoba imisindo ephakeme ingayithinta kabi inhlala-kahle yabo. Indawo ekhethiwe akufanele ikhanye kakhulu, ngoba njengabathandi bobusuku, i-somam ilungele ukuhwalala. Ngemuva kwe-aquarium kufanele kube ihlotshiswe noma iphendukele odongeni.

Njengoba wazi, ama-catfish achitha isikhathi esiningi ezansi, ngakho-ke kuyalulekwa ukuba indawo yayinkulu ngangokunokwenzeka, nokuphakama kwe-aquarium akunandaba. Izitsha eziyindilinga azilungele ngokuphelele lolu hlobo, ngoba ngeke kwenzeke ukufaka imishini edingekayo.

Umthamo we-aquarium kumele ukhethwe, kucatshangelwa usayizi wabantu abadala, noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma i-aquarium isivele ikhona, bese ikhethelwa inhlanzi. Inketho enhle kakhulu yokugcina i-aquarium catfish umthamo wamalitha angama-200, uma kungekho ndlela yokubeka i-aquarium yalesi size, kodwa i-catfish ifuna ngempela, bese uthatha okungenani amalitha angama-50.

Ngaphambi kokuthenga inhlanzi oyikhonzile, chaza ukuthi kukhula kube kukhulu kangakanani, ngoba ezinye izinhlobo ezisendaweni yokufakelwa zingafinyelela ku-50 cm. Beka i-aquarium ukuze iqukethe elula ukuhlanza nokushintsha amanzi. Yonke imishini ibekwa kangcono ngaphandle, njengoba i-aquarium catfish ingahambisa izinto ezisindayo.

Ukukhetha isihlungi samanzi kufanele kususelwe kuhlobo lwe-catfish. Ezinye zazo zidinga amandla wamanje aqinile, ngakho-ke amandla wokuhlunga kufanele abe phezulu. Lokhu kuyadingeka futhi ngoba ikati lezinhlanzi thanda ukugaya emhlabathiniukukhulisa ukungcola, futhi uma idivaysi yokuhlanza ibuthakathaka, amanzi asheshe abe ngamafu. Ungakhohlwa nge-aeration, ngoba kuyadingeka ukuthi amanzi athuthukiswe komoya-mpilo.

Uma igumbi lakho lingashisi kakhulu, kuyadingeka faka i-heater yamanzi, ngoba izinhlobo eziningi ze-catfish zivela emazweni afudumele. Inketho enhle kungaba i-thermometer, enamathiselwe ngaphandle kwangaphandle kwe-aquarium lapho inhlanzi ingeke ikwazi ukuyisusa endaweni.

Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube kufiphele, i-catfish ayithandi ukufakwa okubukhali kokukhanya. Kulokhu, isibani esingalingisa umjikelezo wemvelo wosuku siyindlela enhle. Idivayisi enjalo ingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile.

Umhlobiso we-Aquarium

Lapho uhlela i-aquarium, ungakhohlwa ukuthi izindawo zokukhosela ziyadingeka kuma-catfish, lezi zingaba yi-driftwood, amatshe, izitshalo noma imihlobiso yokuhlobisa.

1. Uma ubeka i-driftwood ngaphansi kwe-aquarium, ngeke isebenze njengendawo yokukhosela kuphela, kodwa futhi njengomthombo wokudla okunempilo, ngokwesibonelo, i-ancitrus.
2. Ukutshala izitshalo bukhoma noma cha kuya ngokuthi hlobo luni lwe-aquarium catfish oyikhethayo. Yize kunjalo, ezinye zazo zingadla imifino noma zilimaze izimpande. Uma ufuna ngokweqiniso, khona-ke ungatshala izitshalo zokufakelwa.
3. Yonke imihlobiso yokuhlobisa kufanele ibe ngendawo ebanzi hhayi iphele ekugcineni, ngoba inhlanzi ingabanjiswa futhi ifele lapho.
4. Ukuze izinhlanzi zingalimali ngenkathi zimba inhlabathi, kufanele kube ngamatshe amatshe angenasici abukhali, noma isihlabathi sizokwenza kahle.
5. Uma ukuhlinzeka nge-aquarium ngokuya ngayo yonke imithetho, khona-ke ukunakekela i-catfish kuzobajabulisa.

Yondla i-aquarium catfish

Amanzi amaningi okuqala asolwandle aqala ama-catfish kuphela ukuze acoshe imfucumfucu esuka phansi, ayihlanze ekungcoleni. Isimo esinjalo ngalezi zinhlanzi singaphela kabi kakhulu, njengoba ikatfish lidinga ukudla okuthile.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-catfish, lokho kudla kuyokwehluka. Ngemuva kwakho konke, hhayi bonke abahlaseli abanjenge-catfish, abanye bangadla ukudla kwezitshalo.

Ukudla kokudabuka kwezilwane ezitolo zezilwane ongakuthola:

Lokhu kudla kungathengiswa eqandisiwe noma komile. Kuyenzeka futhi okuphilayo okuphilayo, kodwa ngaphambi kokuyondla kumele igezwe kahle bese ibulawa magciwane, ukuze izinhlanzi zingabambeki ukutheleleka.

I-Catfish ingadliwa bese imikhiqizo ithengwa esitolo esithengiswayo ejwayelekile, lokhu kulunga:

• Amaqanda abilisiwe.
• Izingcezu zenyama noma zenhlanzi.
• Isikwele.
• Imbaza ehlutshiwe.
• Inhliziyo yenkomo.

Inyama nenhlanzi kufanele kukhethwe izinhlobo ezinamafutha amancane, ngenkathi zihlukanisa izingcezu ezinjalo ukuze kube lula ukuba izinhlanzi zizigwinye. Uma une-catfish enkulu e-aquarium, unganikeza izinhlanzi ezincane eziphilayoInto esemqoka ukuthi bangena imilomo yabo.

Njengoba i-aquarium catfish ithanda indlela yokuphila yobusuku, idinga ukondliwa ngokufanele. Kusihlwa, udinga ukukwenza lokhu ngaphambi nje kokucisha isibani, nasekuseni ngaphambi kokukukhanyisa. AmaSulumane anengqondo eyanele yokuthuthuka ngakho-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, akhumbule umuntu owondlayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho bangafundiswa nokudla ngesandla.

Kungcono ukukhetha uhlobo lokuphakelwa oluzoshona phansi, ngoba ama-catfish amaningi ungakhuphukeli ukudla. Uma ungenalo ithuba lokuphakela izinhlanzi ohlelweni, khona-ke kuleli cala, okuphakelayo okuzenzakalelayo kuzokusiza, okuzokwenzela lo msebenzi.

USom Antsitrus (umndeni wamakhethini weposi)

Ama-Antsitrus, abizwa nangokuthi ama-suckers, izinti noma abahlanza, athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabasebenza olwandle, ngenxa yesakhiwo esingajwayelekile somlomo. Le nhlobonhlobo ye-catfish inezinzuzo eziningi. Into esemqoka ukuthi empeleni azisiwona umbhalo we-whimsical, okuvumela ukuthi zigcinwe ngisho nalabo abangenalo ulwazi kulolu daba. Njengazo zonke izinhlanzi zekati, zithanda ukuhlanza i-aquarium. Futhi banokuziphatha okuyinqayizivele, ngakho-ke kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukuyigcina.

Ukuze uthole i-aquarium anti-citrus idinga ukunakekelwa lokushisa kusuka kuma-20 kuye kuma-28 degrees, pH kusuka ku-6 kuye ku-7.3, kanye no-dH kuye ku-10.

Impilo esezingeni eliphakathi kwenduku ebambekayo yiminyaka eyi-7, phakathi nesikhathi lapho ingakhula ibe ngamasentimitha ayi-10, konke kuzoncika kubuningi be-aquarium lapho ihlala khona. Ngokwami, le nhlanzi ihlala ngokuthula nabo bonke abanye, ngaphandle kwama-cichlid anolaka adonsela amaphiko awo, okungaholela ekufeni komuntu lowo.

USom Tarakatum (umndeni we-carapace)

Akukho okuqabukela ku-aquariums okungatholakala i-catfish yomndeni we-carapace, ummeleli oshaqisayo kakhulu okuyi-taracatum. Lolu hlobo lunokuthula impela, futhi ngenxa yegobolondo eliqinile lingaxazululwa ngisho nangezinhlanzi ezidliwayo.
Umbuso wokushisa wamakhaza wehluka kusuka kuma-22 kuye kwangama-28 degrees, pH kusuka ku-5.8 kuya ku-7.5, dH kuya ku-25.

Isikhathi sabo sempilo sanele cishe iminyaka eyi-10, ngakho-ke, phakathi kwezinhlanzi zibhekwa njengezinkulungwane zeminyaka. Kungcono uma indawo abahlala kuyo igcwele imifino ehlukahlukene nemisipha. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, le catfish ingakhula ibe ngu-20 cm ubude.

Ayezithobeki maqondana nokudla, angakudla noma yikuphi ukudla, kepha akhetha bukhoma.

USom Corridoras (Umndeni wakwaCarapace)

Omunye ummeleli womndeni we-carapace yikhorali. Le catfish inokuthula futhi inombala omuhle, ngoba imvamisa itholakala endaweni yokufakelwa.

Amazinga okushisa amanzi we-catfish corridor acishe abe ngama-25 degrees, i-pH icishe ibe ngu-6.5, dH kuye ku-4.

Ngokungafani nezihlobo zayo, lolu hlobo lincane ngosayizi futhi lukhula lube amasentimitha ayi-7 kuphela. Kepha isikhathi sakhe sokuphila singafinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10, futhi kube nezimo lapho asinda enza iminyaka engu-15 bakhetha ukuhlala emhlambini, ngokwemvelo banokuthula futhi bahlangana cishe nazo zonke ezinye izinhlanzi (okuhlukile kuyi-ancytrus, labeo, ne-bots bots). Noma yikuphi ukudla okudliwayo, into esemqoka ukuthi icwila phansi, ngoba amakhorali awakhuphukeli phezulu ngokudla.

Som Synodontis (umndeni onenkani)

Okumangalisa kunazo zonke emndenini onamaphiko yi-catfish-changeling. Le nhlanzi ihlukaniswa iqiniso lokuthi kungcono ukuhambisa isisu phezulu, yingakho ithole igama lesidlaliso. Esimweni esijwayelekile, kuba kuphela lapho iqoqa ukudla ezansi.
Isimo sokushisa se-synodontis singama-25 degrees, pH sisuka ku-6.5 siye ku-7.5, dH siye ku-15.

Le catfish ayiyona enkulu futhi ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha ayi-10phila iminyaka eyi-10. Zizwe umnandi kakhulu ephaketheni, uncamela indlela yokuphila yobusuku.

Bangakwazi ukuhlala ndawonye nanoma iyiphi inhlanzi efana ngosayizi nohlobo kubo. Ungondla noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuphakelayo, okubaluleke kakhulu, ungadli ngokweqile futhi ungahleleli ukulayisha. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuzithengela i-synodontis catfish, bese ulindela ukuthi kudingeka okungenani amalitha angama-50 amanzi kumuntu oyedwa.

Ama-strid platidoras

I-aquarium catfish eyimigqa evela emndenini we-armored izoba ngumhlobiso wechibi lakho elincane. Kubukeka njengenhlanzi enhle kakhulu. Ufuna ukwazi kakhulu. UPlatidoras ngentshiseko enkulu uhlola impahla yakhe, athulise ikhanda lakhe noma kuphi lapho ebuza khona. Unesibindi futhi akafihli emifantwini yezigodo, akagobhozi esihlabathini.

Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi uPlatidoras usafuna ukuba yedwa, abese efuna indawo ecashile lapho ongacasha khona ngokuphepha.

Akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-aquarium catfish ezingazigabisa ngengubo enjalo evikela, efana naleyo ye-platidoras. Imvelo yamnika izembatho zempi. Umbala omnyama nemivimbo emhlophe etholakala ezinhlangothini zifana nombala wokulwa. Amaphinifa ayo e-pectoral kanye ne-dorsal anezinongo ezibukhali kakhulu nezinde. Ngaphambili, njengezembatho zempi, igobolondo eliqinile lamathambo. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukunikeza lesi simangaliso komunye umuntu noma fudukela kwenye ipulidoras kwenye i-aquarium, khona-ke yenza konke ngokucophelela, usebenzisa usizo lomkhumbi othile. Inethi yokubamba i- “Rambo” encane ayinconywa. Esimweni esinengcindezi, uzolungisa imichilo yakhe, aklebhule inethi “amabala” akhe, aze ayikhombe ngeminwe yakhe iminxeba.

Ngabe i-aquarium catfish platidoras ihlala isikhathi esingakanani? Lo mbuzo wemvelo ngokuphelele uthokozisa noma ngubani ofuna ukuthenga izinhlanzi ezinjalo nge-aquarium yazo. Kuyavela ukuthi imikhomo yama-minke winsha ibhekwa njengemide emide, ngoba ihlala iminyaka eyi-15, ikhula ize ibe ngu-16 cm. Abantu bale nhlobo bayizidalwa ezithanda ukuthula, ikakhulukazi nalabo abakhulu kakhulu futhi abakwazi ukulingana emilonyeni yabo.

Ama-Aquarium catffish-platidoras adla kakhulu. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukudla kwabo kufaka phakathi amaprotheni ukudla - ama-Earthworms kanye nama-bloodworms. Gcina izinhlanzi ebusheni. Badinga ukuhlela izinsuku zokuzila. Ngesikhathi sokuthomba, esenzeka eminyakeni emibili, izintokazi zidinga ukondliwa ngamagciwane egazi bukhoma ukuze ukukhulelwa kuhambe kahle. Ekhaya, ukwesekwa okwenziwe ngokuvusa amadlingozi ngeke kusatshalaliswe. Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yi-Pituitary Bream neChorionic Gonadotropin.

Incwajana ye-Somik (umndeni we-chain mail)

I-Brocade catfish ingabizwa kufanele ngokuthi i-aquarium cleaner. Ngenxa yenkomishi yakhe yokudonsa, ihlanza futhi ihlanyeze izindonga ze-aquarium, ilethe ihlanzekile futhi icocekile. Le catfish yasemanzini ayilandeleki imvelo. Umbuso wokushisa ungahluka kusuka kuma-22 kuye kwangama-30 degrees, pH usuka ku-6.5 uye ku-8.2, dH uye ku-20.

I-Brocade catfish ngosayizi ngobuqhawe, ingakhula kufika ku-60 cm ubude, ngakho-ke, kumuntu oyedwa udinga ichibi elinomthamo okungenani wamalitha angama-200. Udinga ukuqhutshwa okungajwayelekile kokuhlunga kwe-aquarium, kanye nokubuyisela ingxenye yamanzi ngamanzi amasha. Ngokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo nangokufanele, bangaphila iminyaka eyi-10.

Nabanye abahlali baziphatha ngokuthula, angathinti muntu, umsebenzi omkhulu ubonwa ebumnyameni. Ingadla ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane.

Ukuzala

Le yinqubo elula futhi akukho zimo ezikhethekile okudingeka zenziwe. Kepha, ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukwenziwa kabusha kwama-Antsistruses kuyathakazelisa futhi kuyamangaza. Abantu abavuthiwe ngokugcwele ngonyaka, futhi kusukela kulowo mzuzu empeleni bangazala izingane impilo yabo yonke.

Lezi zinhlanzi zekati ziyakwazi ukuzalanisa e-aquarium ejwayelekile, kodwa noma kunjalo wenzalo efiselekayo ukuthi akekho omunye ngaphandle kwalezi zinhlanzi. Okusho ukuthi, udinga ukwaba umthamo kuphela wohlobo lwawo. Lapho ungabeka umbhangqwana, futhi mhlawumbe owesilisa nowesifazane ababili.

Ukuze uqale ukunwebeka, kuyadingeka ukufaka ingxenye yesithathu yamanzi evolumu ephelele, ukwandise i-aeration futhi kwehlise izinga lokushisa. Ngokufanelekile, ukuzalanisa kulula ukukwenza ngenkathi epholile, lapho izinga lokushisa lilawulwa kalula yi-heater ezenzakalelayo. Ehlobo, kuzoba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukufeza izinkomba zamanzi ezidingekayo.

Ukusakazeka kwenzeka kusihlwa, lapho izinga lokukhanya liphansi impela. Insikazi ngesinye isikhathi ihlunga cishe amaqanda ama-orange amancane ayi-100.

Ukuzalwa kuka-Antsistrus Fry.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ubuyiselwa emuva e-aquarium, bese kuthi owesilisa asale, njengoba eqala ukubheka futhi enakekela inzalo. Uyiqapha ngokucophelela i-caviar, amaze amaphiko kuyo, igcwele umoya-mpilo. Owesifazane akadingeki kule nqubo futhi uzophazamisa kuphela. Iyakwazi ukungenela inzalo, kuthi eyeduna imvikele, ikwazi nokubulala.

Uma yonke inqubo yenzeka esitsheni esijwayelekile, lapho-ke udinga ukubeka ishubhu lapho ngobude be-15 cm nobubanzi be-3.Caviar ubekwe kuyo, futhi lapho lokhu kwenzeka, intwana idluliselwa ekuphakuziseni ngezimo ezifanayo, izinga lokushisa, njll. Owesilisa udluliselwa lapho.

Ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa kamuva, kuvela izibungu emaqandeni. Ngokuhamba kwezinsuku eziningana, basebenzisa imali ababebekelwe yona njengokudla. Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili, kuvela ukuthi gazinga eligcwele lingabhukuda ngokuzimela, kanti owesilisa akasadingeki kulesi sigaba.

Konke okusamele kwenziwe kumnikazi we-aquarium ukuhlinzeka okondlayo okuseqophelweni eliphezulu. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila, kungcono ukunikela ngokuthandwa kokudla kwezilwane. Isibonelo, lezi yizimbungulu zegazi ezinamakhanda, uthuli oluphilayo, isibindi, amaqanda brimp shrimp. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungathatha isidlo semifino, futhi nomhlabathi.

Njalo ngesonto, i-10% yenani eliphelele lamanzi lithathelwa indawo ku-sedimentator. Lapho izingane zifinyelela eminyakeni engu-1.5 ubudala, sezivele zingadluliselwa ekudleni kwabantu abadala, zengeza amaphilisi nemifino ejwayelekile. Abantu abakhulu bangakhishwa ngisho nase-aquarium ejwayelekile, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi kwakukhona izindawo zokukhosela ezanele futhi ikakhulukazi izimbobo zezitshalo lapho.

ICatfish Flathead (umndeni kaPimodel)

Kukhona ama-aquarium catfish, angavamile kakhulu endaweni yokufakelwa. I-flat-ekhanda, noma i-fractocephalus, evela emndenini wePimelod, isho nje lokho. Emvelweni, abantu balolu hlobo ingafinyelela amamitha ayi-1,2 ubude, kuma-aquariums akhula afinyelela kumitha eyodwa, ngenxa yobukhulu obunjalo obukhulu, le catfish idinga umthamo omkhulu, okungenani amalitha angama-300.
Ama-Fractocephalus anombala othakazelisa kakhulu, ingemuva nesisu sazo ngombala omnyama, futhi izinhlangothi zilula (njengoba kubonwe esithombeni). Kungenziwa kuxazululwe nanoma iyiphi inhlanzi enkulu yokuhlobisa. Ngamahloni impela futhi uyisiminzi kakhulu. Ukulungiselela ukuhlala phansi ezansi kwendawo ehlala emanzini, ukucasha ezindaweni zokukhosela. Umsebenzi omkhulu kakhulu kwenzeka ebusuku.Ungabuka lobu buhle bukhoma e-Alushta aquarium.

Owesilisa nowesifazane: ungahlukanisa kanjani?

Abesilisa bavame ukwehluka kwabesifazane ekugcwalisweni kombala. Bakhanya ukwedlula abangane babo, imizimba yabo inciphile kakhulu. Abesilisa bancanyana kunabesifazane ngosayizi, kepha amadevu abo mde kakhulu futhi acinene. Izintokazi zezinsikazi zifushane kakhulu noma zingekho ngokuphelele.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabafana amaphayiphu abo aphakeme, amachashaza amade namakhethini, izembozo eziqinile ze-gill, ezivame ukuhlotshiswa ngezigwegwe, izikhala, izinaliti. Imvamisa izikhali ezinkulu zfihlwa futhi zigcinwe ngomzimba. Lapho kuvela ingozi, ama-catfish alwa ngokushesha nokubhoboza kwabo nokusika izikhali. Yizame, woza! Izinhlamvu zamantombazane azimelani nomncintiswano - amaphini ayindilinga xaxa, mancane, hhayi alwa kanjalo.

I-Glass catfish (umndeni we-catfish)

I-Glass catfish isho izinhlobo ezinjalo zezinhlanzi ezingenakushiya umuntu engenandaba. Konke lokhu kubukeka ngokubukeka okungajwayelekile kangako. Lesi sithombe sikhombisa ukuthi wonke umzimba wakhe ubonakala ngokuphelele futhi wonke amathambo ayabonakala, yingakho igama, ingilazi.

I-Aquarium ingilazi le-catfish ihlala emaphaketheni kungcono ukuthenga ama-6-8 ngasikhathi sinye. Kumhlambi walesi silinganiso, udinga i-aquarium enomthamo okungenani wamalitha ayi-100, futhi indawo yokuhlala okuyo kufanele isondele emvelweni. Qiniseka ukuthi uthola izimila, izindawo ezimnyama nemifudlana yamanzi. I-Glass catfish ikhetheke kakhulu ngekhwalithi yamanzi, ngakho-ke ukufakelwa okuhle, i-aeration kanye nokushintsha kwamanzi njalo kuyadingeka.

Omakhelwane balezi zinhlanzi zekati bafanela nezinhlanzi ezolile ezilinganayo. Okuncamelayo kunikezwa ukudla okuphilayo. Esikhathini sosuku, azisebenzi, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuphaka. Nikeza kuphela imvelo yemvelo.

Izinkinga zamanzi

Ngaphambi kokuthenga ummeleli walezi zinhlobo, cabanga ngokucophelela ukuthi ngabe udinga i-aquarium enamanzi anodaka ahlala njalo. Iqiniso ngukuthi i-catfish-tarakatum ingaqhuma esihlabathini amahora amaningi, ikhuphule ukungcola okuningi izizungeze. Amaphiko awo aqinile kakhulu - futhi ngenxa yalokho umphumela ubukeka uyesabisa. Kepha ezitshalweni lokhu akunangozi. Yebo, ungasigwema lesi sehlakalo ngokuthela amatshe amakhulu phansi kwendawo yokugcina amakhaya esikhundleni somhlabathi omuhle.

Eqinisweni, i-catfish-tarakatum enesizotha kakhulu futhi ethanda ukuthula. Ukuvela kokubukeka kwabo kuthinta abathandi be-aquarium, futhi basenquma ukuthenga lezi zidalwa ezingenacala. Umzimba wenhlanzi unxande. Banekhanda elikhulu ngokungemthetho; umugqa wamapuleti amathambo usezinhlangothini.

USom Clarias (umndeni kaClarius)

Ama-Clariases ama-aquarium catfish akhetha ukuziphilela indlela yokuphila. Ngakho-ke, izinhlanzi ezinkulu kuphela ezingaphila eduze kwabo, noma zingaphila zodwa. I-Catfish yalolu hlobo ingafinyelela ubude amasentimitha angama-35, ngoba udinga indawo yokugcina okungenani amalitha ayi-150.
Ukushisa kwamanzi kweClarias kufanele kube cishe ngama-23 kuya ku-2 degrees, pH 7 kuya ku-9, dH kuya ku-40.

Njengoba sekushiwo, le catfish inyamazane, ngakho-ke izodla izinhlanzi ezincane, futhi ibuye ibe nomlingiswa omubi, ingashayela abanye abahlali base-aquarium.

Ungondla noma yikuphi ukudla, okuhlanganisiwe kungcono kakhulu. Lesi sithombe sikhombisa ama-Angolan Clarias.

Imithetho yokugcina i-aquarium catfish

Ukuze ikhekhe lakho liphile futhi lizale endaweni yokufakelwa, kuyadingeka landela imithetho embalwa elula:

• kufanele kube nomsinga wamanzi e-aquarium, kungadalwa kusetshenziswa isihlungi esinamandla
• masonto onke udinga ukuguqula uhhafu wevolumu wamanzi ube musha
• phansi kudinga ukuhlotshiswa, ngoba le driftwood, grottoes, izingidi kufanelekile
• ukudla okuyisimo samathebulethi kulungele zonke izinhlobo zekhekhe, ngoba iningi lazo lizondla ezansi
• uma une-gazinga, akufanele idluliselwe ku-aquarium ejwayelekile aze akhule
• ikatfish lidinga uhlaza, kubandakanya ukuntanta

Ukuzala

Unayo i-catfish futhi ufuna ukuthola inzalo? Ngokuvamile, ukuzalaniswa kwalezi zinhlanzi akunzima, kepha kunezinhlobo ezithile ezizwela ushintsho emvelweni we-aquarium futhi lapha konke kuncike kulwazi lwakho. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zizala ngokumane zitshale abantu abavuthiwe ngokobulili esitsheni esihlukile. Ama-Catfish ane-fry enkulu futhi azikho izinkinga ngokudla kwawo. Ziphakela ngokudla kwasezimboni ngo-gazinga, noma ngeshubhu elihlanganisiwe.

Imithetho yokukhetha i-aquarium catfish

Ukukhetha nokukhetha i-catfish, udinga cabanga ngezinto ezimbalwa:

• uma uthatha i-catfish iye e-aquarium lapho sekuvele kukhona ezinye izinhlanzi, bese ukhetha izinhlobo ezinokuthula kakhulu, lokhu kuzokusindisa enkingeni ngokuzayo
• ikati lezinkukhu angeke zilungiswe lapho izinhlanzi ezincane sezihlala khona, ziyodla
• Ungakhohlwa ngosayizi womuntu omdala, zilungiselele kusengaphambili ukuthi i-catfish yakho izokhula ibe ngu-50, noma amasentimitha angaphezulu ngobude
• Lapho uthenga inhlanzi entsha, kufanele ibekwe yedwa kwezinye izindawo ukuze kugwenywe ukutheleleka kwezinye izinhlanzi

I-Aquarium catfish kakhulu abamele abahle bomhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi. Ukwehluka kwabo kuhle, kepha ngoba wonke umuntu angakuthola okuzobakhanga. Kuyajabulisa ukubabuka, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zomsebenzi wabo omkhulu kunabo bonke. Ngenxa yalezi zinhlanzi ezinhle, indawo yakho engezansi izophila, futhi phansi kuzohlanzeka kakhulu.

I-Catfish aquarium Izinhlobo

Ukuvumelana emanzini nasolwandle nabanye

Ama-Catfish izinhlanzi ezithanda ukuthula. Azilwi nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi. Noma kunjalo bangaba nezingxabano phakathi kwabo. Isibonelo, i-catfish enkudlwana ingakhiqiza ikati elincanyana noma elibuthakathaka. Amacala anjalo aqabukela.

Akuzona zonke izinhlanzi ezingahambelana ne-catfish. Izinhlanzi ezinjengama-guppies ne-neon ziyindlela yokwelapha i-catfish. Futhi ukuze ugweme lokhu, kunconywa ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlobo zezinhlanzi.

Uma izinhlanzi ezidlayo zihlala emanzini, kunconywa ukutshala kubo izinhlobo ezinkulu zekati, ezingazenzela zona. Uma izinhlanzi ze-herbivorous zihlala e-aquarium, khona-ke kudingeka ukuthi itshalwe i-catfish e-herbivorous.

USomiki: incazelo, izinhlobo zezinhlobo

Njengoba ama-catfish ehlala emanzini emvelo ezansi, awanaso isembozo. Imvamisa, anezikhumba eziminyene zesikhumba noma zamathambo, ezinciphisa amandla e-motor. Amaphinifa we-pectoral kanye namaphiko e-dorsal afakwe izikhala zokusiza ukubambelela emifantweni. Basebenza njengesivikelo. Emanzini, bachitha isikhathi esithe xaxa kwikholamu yamanzi engezansi, futhi bakhombisa umsebenzi ebusuku.

Ubukhulu obujwayelekile be-catfish buyi-3-12 cm, yize kunabantu abangamamitha amabili. Ungayibona ngebhangqa elide lezintuthwane eliseduze nomlomo. Kwezinye izinhlobo zigqinsiwe, kwezinye zishintshana zibe ngama-suckers we-labial. Zisebenza njengezithelo zokunambitha, ezinhlanzi ezifuna ukudla ezansi. Imvelo yanika lezi zinhlanzi ngenqubo yokuphefumula engeyona ejwayelekile, ngokusebenzisa amathumbu. I-oksijini ibanjiswa ngumlomo ivela emoyeni, bese iyenziwa. Uma ikhanda le-catfish livame ukubheka ngaphezulu kwamanzi, ke Izinkinga zokuphefumula.

Ama-Ancistruses

ICatfish ihlukaniswe ngeposi le-chain. Bangaba khona ngokuphephile kunoma iyiphi i-aquarium, ukube bekukhona kuphela amanzi ahlanzekile futhi ahlanzekile. Izinhlanzi ezinamathelayo ezikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezifihliwe: ngaphansi kwezihlahla, imifino, amatshe. I-Passivity iyancipha ntambama noma lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi lehla. Abamele i-aquarium, izinga lokushisa elilungile imodi - 20-25 ° C. Bethukile ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokubuyela ngesibindi endaweni yokukhosela.

Uma kunikezwa amaphiko anamandla, khona-ke akukho bladder yokubhukuda. Ngakho-ke, azizwakali njengenhlanzi emanzini. Zibonakaliswa ukunyakaza kwe-spasmodic eduze kwengilazi ye-aquarium. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, bangasinda kuze kube iminyaka engu-7.

Ingaphandle elingaphandle linamathele lifana ne-torpedoes, kuphela emincane. Inhloko Flat, enamehlo ayindilinga futhi acwebezelayo. Umzimba omncane ugcotshwe ngemibala ebunjiwe eyenziwe ngombala onsundu-omnyama. Amaphisi angama-7 acebile abukeka emangazayo: umbhangqwana esifubeni ne-peritoneum, munye emuva, anal kanye namafutha. Umlomo mkhulu, uyindilinga, unezindebe eziwugqinsi. Kumafolda we-labial atholakalayo izimpondo amaswidingazo ikati lokunamathela ezintweni ezahlukahlukene.

Kushukunyisiwe

Inelinye igama lesayensi - ikati lejwayelekile. Yaqala ukuba khona kwayo kwe-aquarium kusukela ngekhulu le-19, ngakho-ke iyimeleli yakudala kunazo zonke. Ezasekhaya yiziqiwu zaseNingizimu Melika.

Uma ubheka isithombe, ungabona ukuzivumelanisa nezinhlanzi ngendlela ephansi yokuphila. Ngomzimba ophakeme kakhulu, isisu sithebile ngokuphelele. Ukuqhuma okukhulu kwemali ngemuva.

Usayizi wabo mncane, ngokwesilinganiso 4-8 cm, abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa. Isembozo esingaphezulu siyaqhubeka, siqukethe amapuleti amathambo. Umbala wokuhlanganiswa okungajwayelekile: phezulu ngwevu-ukhilimu ophethe i-sheen yensimbi, isisu sipinki futhi siphuzi.

Akukaze kube manje kukhethwe ama-albino angama-albino. Ziphuzi ngokuphelele futhi zinamehlo abomvu. Isikhathi sokuphila salolu hlobo, kungabi ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-8.

Izimo ezinconyelwe zokugcinwa kwe-aquarium:

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi - 20-24 ° C, pH 6.5 nobulukhuni 20 °.
• Amanzi kufanele aguqulwe kaningi ngokufaka isihlungi esingeziwe.
• Ungqimba olunzima lwamatshe ayindilinga lawa phansi. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthi izinhlanzi zingalimali lapho zigaya.
• Isifiso sokwalusa sitholakala ngaphakathi kubo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthenga amakhophi ambalwa.

Isikhala se-aquarium sihlome ngemifino ehlukahlukene: i-cryptocorynes, i-echinodorus, ne-wallisneria. Ungangeza izinti, i-driftwood nezinye izinto ezizosebenza njengokumiswa kwe-catfish.

Izimo zokugcina nokuzalanisa

Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-catfish, imibandela ethile yokuboshwa iyadingeka. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, akukho ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi okudingekayo. Ubulukhuni bamanzi bungasukela ku-6 kuye ku-12, futhi izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile akufanele libe ngaphezulu kwama-26 degrees.

I-acidity enhle kakhulu ayithathi hlangothi, kepha ezinye izindlela zokuphambuka kungenzeka ezingayilimazi inhlanzi.

Konke kufakwe kuhlu izimo eziseduze, konke kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo ze-aquarium catfish. Ukuze uqhume, kusetshenziswa i-aquarium ehlukile, lapho kuzohlala khona insikazi nabesilisa abambalwa. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi umthamo wayo ube okungenani amalitha angama-30. Kulokhu, inhlabathi ayihambelani phansi, kungcono ukuthatha isitshalo (ngokwesibonelo, i-anubias) bese uchoboza izimpande zayo ngetshe.

Emhlabathini osabekayo kufanele kube nemibandela ethile, izinga lokushisa lamanzi ngaphakathi 19-16 degrees, dH akusekho ngaphezu kwe-15, pH 6-7. Kufanele kube khona i-aeration enhle ukuze i-aquarium igcwale umoya-mpilo.

Ukuzalanisa, udinga ukukhetha abantu abasha, ukuze inzalo ibe namandla amakhulu. Kuyaluleka ukuphakela izinhlanzi ukudla ngaphambi kokudla, kunomthelela omuhle kubisi naku-caviar.

Ukuze uzenzele ngokwakho udinga Ukukhetha owesilisa ongu-1 no-3 wesilisa. ICatfish ithanda ukubeka amaqanda emanzini apholile, ngakho-ke ungangehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngama-18 degrees. Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube kufiphele ngokwanele, ungamboza i-aquarium ngendwangu.

Konke ukuqhekeka kuthatha amahora angama-4, phakathi nesikhathi lapho owesifazane elele kuze kube ngamakhulu amaningana amaqanda asobala. Ngokushesha lapho inqubo yokuqunqa isiqediwe, izinsikazi nezinsikazi zidinga ukutshalwa kwelinye i-aquarium futhi izinga lokushisa lenyuswe libe ngama-27- 28 degrees.

Lapho nje uFry eqala ukubhoboka, ungangehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngama-20 degrees. Udinga ukondla izingane Izikhathi ezine ngosukuokuphilayo okuphilayo. Ngemuva kwenyanga yokunakekelwa okufanele, bazokhula babe amasentimitha ayi-1.

Catfish ukuhambisana nezinye izinhlanzi

Ukukhetha abantu abahlala naye ezinkambeni kubalulekile uma kucatshangelwa ukunambitheka kwabo nosayizi. Uma i-catfish iyisidleke, khona-ke musa ukutshala izinhlanzi ezincane, ezinothando kubo, bazokudla masinyane.

Uma i-catfish ingakhombisi ulaka, khona-ke ingaphila ngokuthula nezinye izinhlanzi ezincane, into esemqoka ukuthi abayingeni imilomo yabo, khona-ke ngeke kube nezinkinga.

Kuleso simo, uma uthatha ikati lezinhlanzi kuyi-aquarium ekhona, awukwazi ukuyesaba, umzimba wayo umbozwe ngegobolondo lamathambo noma ungqimba lwesikhumba nje, ukuzidla akulula.

I-Aquarium catfish ingabameleli bomhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi. Kujabulisa kakhulu ukubabona, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi somsebenzi wabo. Izinhlobo zazo ezinhlobonhlobo ngeke zishiye ukunganaki noma imuphi umuntu wasemanzini.

Amachaphaza

Ilungele abathandi bezinhlanzi ezinkulu e-aquarium. Naphezu kobukhulu bawo obukhulu, azizethembi kakhulu izimo zokuboshwa, zinikezwe isimo sokuthanda ukuthula, zihlangana kalula nanoma yibaphi abamele, kepha hhayi ezokuloba. Ungabuka ukushintshashintsha kwawo njalo phansi, okuhambisana nokuphikisana kwe-cockroach.

Ekhaya, khula ube ngu-16 cm. Umzimba uphakama, unesibalo esiphakeme ne-peritoneum eyisicaba. Isici esithandekayo sale catfish izimpondo zayo ezinde ezindebe zaso eziphansi nangaphezulu. Njengazo zonke izinhlanzi, abesilisa banciphile futhi bancane kunezinsikazi. Bahlukaniswa umucu obomvu ku-pectoral fin. Imvamisa kunombala omnyama onama-wash wash wokukhanya. Ngokuya ngemvelo yokuqala yemvelo, kunezinhlanganisela zemibala ezahluke ngokuphelele: ezinamabala, ezimthende, “ihlosi” kanye “nengwe”.

Ziselula kakhulu ukuthi imidlalo yazo ehlanganyelwe ingabukwa ubusuku nemini. Kungcono ukumboza i-aquarium ukuze ingaphumi. Lezi zinhlanzi zamakati zibongwa ngokuziphatha kwazo okunobungane, ukuziphilisa kunoma iyiphi imvelo, ukuzithoba ekunakekelweni.

Ngokungezansi kwabantu abakwa-aquarium abhalwe kuhla, ezinye izinhlobo eziningi ezidumile zingahlukaniswa:

• I-Somik Panda - umhlambi wezinhlanzi ozolile ongasondelana ngisho nabalingani abakhulu abakhulu abangenalo ulaka. Ukulungiswa, kudingeka okungenani amalitha angama-30. Baphila impilo yakusihlwa, bacashe bengabonakali usuku nosuku. Bondla kuphela ukudla, ngaphandle kokudla udoti.
• I-Glass catfish - inesakhiwo somzimba esisobala, ithambo libonakala ngaphandle. Isidumbu siphakeme futhi sithambile ezinhlangothini, ubude be-10 cm. Amadevu atholakala emhlathini ongenhla. Kusinda kuphela ekunakekelweni kwemihlambi. Uwedwa, uwela esimweni esicindezelayo, bese ulahlekelwe isifiso sokudla. Amasiteti esibonisweni somphakathi, akafihli.
• I-Changeling - kubalwa njenge-catfish enamakhanda. Uhafu womzimba uyisicaba, unxantathu ngesimo, unama-prickly pectoral kanye nama-dorsal fins. Inezimbili zezimpondo ezimbili. Njengoba enomlomo ngezansi, wokubamba izinambuzane ebusweni, kufanele ugobe ngaphezulu. Ngakho igama.
• I-Sack-gill - isatshalaliswa ezindaweni zokugcina ezijulile nezingajulile, ngamanzi amasha aqinile. Ngokungafani nokumiswa okujwayelekile kwendlu, kufakwe umzimba obunjwe ngomqubuko. Isizalo saso kuphela esiphansi, sinemithambo emide emincane. Lapho ihamba, igoqa njengenyoka. Umbala usuphelile, awudalulwa ngokuphelele: ungwevu ompunga noma omhlophe odaka. Kwindawo enamakhemikhali, ingelula kufike ku-45 cm, kuya ngosayizi we-aquarium. Akukho okuthandwayo okuthile ekudleni, kudla noma yikuphi ukudla.

Kuningi kakhulu kangangokuba akunakwenzeka ukunikeza uhlu oluphelele. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo, kukhona abamele abahlukile: abanokuthula, abanolaka, amakhambi, omnivores, onoshevu, abakhasa nabanye.

• Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lisesigabeni se-20-25 ° C, ubunzima yi-5-12, kanti i-acidity ayithathi hlangothi. Ngokuphambuka okuncane, akukho lutho olubi oluzokwenzeka.
• Isimo semvelo komoya-mpilo asidlali indima ekhethekile, ngoba ama-catfish anokuphefumula kwesikhumba noma aguqula umoya osemkhathini.
• Noma imuphi umhlabathi uyathelwa, ukube izinhlanzi kuphela ebezinethezekile.
• Zonke izinhlobo zezingoma zokuhlobisa, i-driftwood, amafindo ziphonswa ngaphakathi. Lapho, umgadli uyoba nokukhululeka ukucasha phakathi nosuku.
• Izinhlobo eziningi zohlobo lwe-herbivorous, ukuze izitshalo zingahlali isikhathi eside.

Ngaphambi kokuthola laba bantu, kufanele ufunde zonke izici nezitayela zokuziphatha. Lapho-ke ngeke kube nzima ukuhlinzeka kahle i-aquarium, kuya ngezidingo zezinhlobo zakho ezikhethiwe.

Kubalulekile ukucubungula izinga lokuphilisana namanye ama-waterfowl. Uma usunezinhlanzi, kungcono ukuthola kusengaphambili ukuthi umakhelwane uzoba njani. Kwama-catfish, ama-guppies kanye ne-neon kuzoba ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu. Kuyaqabukela, i-catfish iqala ukukhombisa ulaka, yize kunempi yokulwa nokuhlaselwa eyedwa.