Garna , noma uphondo antelope , noma sassi , noma inyamazane yenyamazane (lat. Antilope cervicapra) - i-artiodactyl isilwane esivela emndenini wama-bovid.

Ukubukeka

Hola yisitethelelo esincane. Ukuphakama kwaso lapho ibuna yi-60-85 cm, ubude bomzimba ongu-100-150 cm, isisindo esifinyelela ku-45 kg. Ubude bezimpondo ezenzelwe abesilisa kuphela bufika kuma-73 cm. Izimpondo zesivini zinde, zincane, zenziwe zaqina endaweni evulekile. Umbala wejazi labesilisa u-chocolate brown, isisu, ingaphakathi lemilenze, i-chin nendawo ezungeze amehlo nekhala kumhlophe. Eseqophelweni lakhe, induna yesilisa inombala ocishe ube mnyama. Kwabesifazane, umbala we-chocolate ushintshiwe ubomvu okhanyayo. Izilwane ezincane nazo zibomvu okhanyayo; emadodeni, umbala wejazi umnyama kanye nokukhula kwezimpondo.

Ukuzala futhi isikhathi sokuphila

Lapho kuqala inkathi yokuzalela, abesilisa bamaka indawo yabo. Kulokhu, izingxabano zingavela phakathi kwabo, ezigcina ngokulwa. Onqobayo uhlala emhlabeni, bese umuntu olahlekile ayobheka enye indawo. Abesifazane bazulazula kulezo zindawo nomhlambi onefomu elilodwa lesilisa elivelele. Sekukonke, umhlambi ungabala izilwane ezi-5 kuye kwezingu-50.

Ukukhulelwa kowesifazane kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-5.5. Njengomthetho, kuzalwa 1 cub. Insikazi ibeletha ngotshani obude. Esikhunjeni sakhe esikhanyayo icishe ingabonakali. Ingane iyakhuphuka ilale buthule, umama adle. Abesilisa abasebasha abadala bashiya omama babo bakhe imihlambi ehlukile. Futhi izinsikazi ezincane zihlala nonina impilo yonke. Ukuthomba kwenzeka eminyakeni emithathu. UGarn uhlala endle okwejwayelekile iminyaka engu-12. Umuntu ngamunye oneminyaka eyikhulu uhlala iminyaka eyi-16.

Ubulili: I-Garnes (i-Antilope PALLAS, 1766)

Garn, noma uphondo antelope, noma sassi, noma inyamazane antelope (lat. Antilope cervicapra) isilwane esinezikhumba eziyisithupha esivela emndenini we-bovine.

Ukubhebhetheka

Ama-garnes ahlala kuwo wonke amathafa namathafa aseNdiya, kepha maningi ePakistan naseBangistan, avame ukutholakala eNepal, eMyanmar nase-Iran.

Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, garn yayisakazeke kabanzi. Kepha ngenxa yokungenelela komuntu, ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe wezomnotho, amasanta amaningi avele aphenduka ugwadule. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, imihlambi yegalini inciphile kakhulu. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lokugcina, ama-garnas amaningana alethwa e-Argentina phakathi nokuhlolwa. Umongo walokhu kuhlolwa bekuwukukhuthaza nokuvumelanisa lezi zilwane nezimo ezintsha zokuphila. Kuphela manje, ngenkathi imiphumela yokuhlolwa ingalungile njengoba bekulindelwe ekuqaleni.

Ukulandela okulandelayo

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi kwezinsuku:

• I-Antilope cervicapra cervicapra (Linnaeus, 1758) - I-South garn, imininingwane ebizwayo, incane kakhulu kunaleyo engaphansi kwesibili, izimpondo zimfishane futhi zincane kakhulu, cishe kuyo yonke iphalamende laseHindustan, ngaphandle kwaseNtshonalanga Ghats nasenyakatho-mpumalanga, enyakatho kuya eNepal, lapho zigcinwa khona eNepal kuphela, I-Bardia National Park,
• I-Antilope cervicapra rajputanae Zukowsky, 1927 - Garnic kaRajasthan, ephakeme ngokuthe xaxa kokubhalwa kosizi lokuqokwa (60-85 cm), abesilisa basinda kancane (kufinyelela ku-56 kg), izimpondo zazo zombili ubulili zinde futhi zishiyelana kabanzi, enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeNdiya, ePakistan, INepal neBanglanda yaqothulwa, yethulwa e-Argentina, e-USA nase-Australia. Imizamo yokuphinda yenziwe yenziwe ePakistan naseNepal.

Garn yokuziphatha nokudla

Hola bukhoma emathafeni avulekile, futhi uvikele izindawo ezinamapulangwe. Lezi zilwane zigijima kahle, zingafinyelela isivinini esingamakhilomitha angama-80 ngehora. Ama-antelope aseNdiya angagxuma aze afike kumamitha amabili ukuphakama aze afike kumamitha ayi-7 ubude.

Garnes zigcinwa ndawonye emihlanjini emincane kusuka kumakhanda ayi-1 kuye kwangama-5. Umhlambi uqukethe izinsikazi nezinsizwa ezincane eziholwa ngumholi - umuntu omdala nowesilisa onamandla, obukela amadodana akhulayo futhi, ukuze kungabikho mncintiswano, uxosha abesilisa abangene emandleni.

Abesilisa abasebasha, sebezame inhlanhla yabo, kepha bangabi ngabanqobi kwimincintiswano yesiko, njengomthetho, baba ngamalungu omhlambi ohlukile wesikhwanyana.

Ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokuzalanisa, abesilisa babeka uphawu kwensimu. Ngalesi sikhathi, izingxabano phakathi kwabesilisa be-garn zingaphela, ziphele ngokulwa. Owinayo uthola insimu, bese kuthi lowo olahlekelwe aphoqelelwe ukuba afune indawo entsha. Lapho izinsikazi zingena endaweni yeduna, imihlambi emincane enefomu elilodwa lesilisa elihlonishwayo. Emihlambi enjalo kungaba kusuka ezinhlwini ezi-5 kuye kwezingama-50.

Izimpondo zezimpondo zidla otshanini. Izilwane zidinga amanzi nsuku zonke, ngakho-ke zingakwazi ukuhamba amabanga amade ziyofuna amachibi. Umsebenzi uyaziveza ngesikhathi sasemini.

Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside

Isikhathi sokukhulelwa sithatha izinyanga eziyi-5.5. Abesifazane ikakhulukazi bazala ikonyana elilodwa. Ukuzalwa kwenzeka otshanini obude, lapho izinsikazi zihlala zicishe zingabonakali ngenxa yombala wesikhumba.

Ngenkathi umama edla, ingane iyakhuphuka ilale buthule. Ukuthomba kokuthomba kwenzeka ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila. Izinsikazi ezincane azishiyi omama bazo impilo yabo yonke, futhi abesilisa bayashiya bazenzele imihlambi yabo. Endle, ama-antelope aseNdiya ahlala iminyaka engaba ngu-12, kanti abade abaphila isikhathi eside bahlala iminyaka eyi-16.

I-Wildebeest

I-Wildebeest isilwane saseNingizimu Afrika. Inobukhulu obukhulu, ifana nehhashi nekhanda lenkunzi. Uma ubhekisisa kahle, ungacabanga ukuthi ukubukeka kwakhe kuqoqwa ezintweni ezincane nemininingwane ethathwe ezilwaneni ezihlukile. Izinyoni zasendle zine-mane nomsila, njengehhashi, ngaphakathi kwentamo kukhona ukumiswa kwezinwele kufana nezimbuzi zasezintabeni, futhi izwi lifana nokwehliswa kwenkomo. Isilwane sikhula sikhulu kakhulu, sinesisindo esingama-250 kg, sifinyelela ku-1.5 m ukuphakama nobude - 2.8 m. Sinezimpondo ezinkulu, ezibanzi ezigoba phambili bese ziya ezinhlangothini.

I-Wildebeest inemilenze emincane ecijile evumela ukuthi ufinyelele isivinini esifinyelela ku-50 km / h. Ngokuya ngokubhaliselwe, umbala ungasukela ku-brown-brown kuya emlotheni omnyama. Isilwane iyi-herbivore, ngakho-ke kuncike kakhulu esikhathini semvula. Ama-Antelope kufanele afuduke kabili ngonyaka efuna ukudla. Imihlambi eminingi abaphambukela kuyo ngenkathi begijima ingalimaza imvelo, inyathele amakhilomitha amaningi amathafa. Isikhathi sokuzala siqala maphakathi no-Ephreli futhi sithatha amasonto amathathu kuya amane. Owesifazane unezinyanga eziyi-8,5 zokukhulelwa. UWildebeest ungumama onakekelayo futhi onake kakhulu. Udoti uvame ukuba nenkonyane eyodwa (kuyaqabukela kabili). Ihora elilodwa nje ngemuva kokuzalwa, uyakwazi ukuhamba nokugijima. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7 - 7, i-wildebeest encane isivele inambitha utshani, kepha yenqaba ubisi lukamama ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-7. Akukwazi ukuzilawula lezi zilwane, kepha zihlala zizingelwa, ngoba inyama yazo imnandi kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa ngokuzumayo kwezidlakudla, izinyoni zasendle zihlakazeka ngezindlela ezihlukile. Kuhlanganiswe ekudleni kweengwenya, amabhubesi, izingulule, izimfene nezingwe. Ezimweni ezingavamile, inyoni ingalwisa ukuhlaselwa ngezinselo nezimpondo.

Chamois

I-antelope yasezintabeni - chamois ihluke kakhulu emathafeni asemathafeni. Ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile sezinselo, ihamba kahle emadwaleni. Isilwane sincane ngosayizi, sikhula sibe imitha eyodwa kuphela ubude, futhi sinesisindo esingadluli kuma-50 kg. Izimpondo zihlehliswe kancane emuva futhi zifinyelela ku-25-30 cm.

AmaChamois angatholakala ezintabeni zaseYurophu. Imvamisa zihlala emaphaketheni abantu abayi-15-25, ezibandakanya kuphela izilwane nezinsikazi ezisencane. Abesilisa bahlala bodwa, kanti emhlanjini kuvela kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala. Imvamisa, ekuqaleni kwehlobo, amathole angama-1-3 azalwa eduzane nethala elisentabeni, azokondla ubisi lukanina izinyanga ezintathu. Isikhathi sokuphila kwamaChamois sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-20. Bazingelwa izinyamazane ezinjengebhere, i-lynx nezimpisi.

Imithombo

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garna http://animalwild.net/mlekopitayushhie/345-garna.html

I-Anuritai ingesinye sezikebhe ezihamba phambili eSouth America nokuwukuphela kwendawo e-Argentina lapho ungathola khona izinhlobo zezilwane eziyi-17 ze-SCI Book of Records endaweni eyodwa, ngaphandle kokudinwa ukusuka kwelinye ipulazi uye kwelinye. E-Anuritai, kuqhathaniswa nenye insimu yokuzingela ENingizimu Melika, inani elikhulu kakhulu lezipho elifakwe kwi-SCI Book of Record latholwa: Iziqu eziyishumi nesithupha zingokuqala kwiNcwadi yamaRekhodi phakathi kweziquphe zaseNingizimu Melika, kufaka phakathi neziqu eziyisi-6 amarekhodi omhlaba. abazingeli be-uppu

Indlela yokuphila

Lezi antelope zihlala emihlambini emikhulu emathafeni otshani, ezindaweni ezinamathafa nangosawoti. Abalokothi bangene emahlathini noma ezindaweni ezinamagquma. Lapho kukhukhula amathafa aphansi, izivini zihlala zimile. Imvamisa, kubale izikhukhula, i-garn iqonde emzaneni, ilahlekelwe okwesikhashana ukwesaba abantu. Le antelope ivumelana kalula nezimo zokuphila ezingezinhle. Ukhathele, angahamba ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi eside (yize kunamanzi, uphuza kaningi). IGarna iyakwazi ukushesha ifike ku-80-96 km / h. Ibanga phakathi kwe-gps ye-garn ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-6.6. Ukuphakama kohlaka kugxuma kumamitha ayi-2. Isikhathi sokuphila kohlaka ngaphandle singaba yiminyaka eyi-12.

17.08.2019

I-Horn antelope garn, noma inyamazane antelope (lat. Antilopa cervicapra) ingeyomndeni wakwaBovidae. Inani labantu bakhona eNdiya maphakathi nekhulu le-XIX lalinganiselwa kwizigidi ezine. Ngo-1964, yehliselwa kwizilwane eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-8. Ngenxa yezinyathelo ezithathiwe, ukwazile ukubuyisa kuze kufike ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-50 okwamanje.

Ngokusho kwenganekwane yamaHindu, kubhekwa njengesilwane esiboshwe enqoleni kankulunkulu uKrishna. Kuhlanganisile, futhi kuyimoto kankulunkulu womoya uVayu nonkulunkulu wenyanga uChandra. Imisebenzi yakhe yayihlanganisa ukulethwa kwesiphuzo saphezulu soma, imfihlo yokulungiswa kwayo elahlekile ezikhathini zasendulo.

Inyama ethosiwe idliwe kabanzi ngenkathi yezimpucuko zaseHarappan, eyayikhona ngonyaka ka-3300 kuya ku-1300 BC esigodini somfula i-Indus. Amathambo akhe, aphathwa ngokushisa okushisa, atholakala ngabezazi zemivubukulo eningi ngesikhathi kuvubukulwa amadolobha asendulo aseDholavir naseMehrharh.

Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-garn

I-Garn iyi-antelope encane enomzimba omncanyana kakhulu enesisindo esingu-20-38 kg nobude bomzimba obungamasentimitha ayi-120. Ukuphakama kwabuna cishe ngamamitha ayi-0.74 - 0.84.

Abesilisa banombala onsundu omnyama, ocishe ube umbala omnyama emuva, phezulu, ezinhlangothini nangaphandle kwezitho. Ngaphansi komzimba namalunga kumhlophe ngaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbala wejazi labesilisa uba mnyama lapho bekhula. E-chin nasezindongeni zamehlo kukhona izindawo ezimhlophe ezigqame ngokuqinile ngemuva kwesizinda semivimbo emnyama esinqeni.

Umbala wejazi lensikazi uyindabuko - ophuzi noma o-tan. Baphinde babe nengaphakathi lemilenze yabo futhi nomzimba ophansi umhlophe. Abesilisa bahlomile ngezimpondo ezisontekile ezikabili ezinama-4-5 ajika ku-35 kuye ku-75 cm. Umsila mfushane. Izinselo zincanyana ngemiphetho ekhonjiwe. Umbala wejazi lezinwele ezisencane uyefana nowowesifazane.

I-Garn ingenye yezithombana ezimbalwa lapho umbala wejazi owesilisa nowesifazane uhlukile khona.

Umsoco

Izimpondo zezimpondo ze-Garn zidla ngokudla otshanini obukhulu. ENdiya, badla izitshalo ezivela emndenini wakwaSedge (eCyperaceae) nowaseCereal (Gramineae), ngezikhathi ezithile amaqabunga omunga nezihlahla ezinameva.

E-Melika, ingxenye ebalulekile yokudla ihlala izitshalo ze-ligneous ezivela kuhlobo lweProsopis (Prosopis) lomndeni we-legume (Fabaceae) namaqabunga emi-oki e-evergreen (Quercus).

Isilwane sidla amakhambi anamaprotheni aphansi ehlobo. Esikhathini semvula nobusika, kunalokho, isabelo sabo kumenyu yansuku zonke sikhuphuka kakhulu.

Garn Habitats

IGarna itholakala emathafeni avulekile nezindawo ezinamagquma ezinhlabathi enesihlabathi noma amatshe. Kuhlala amahlathi akhanyayo namahlathi acwebile. Imvamisa ivela phakathi kwamasimu anezilimo. Phakathi kwezihlahla eziminyene nasezintabeni zamahlathi akuhlali. Ngenxa yokuhambela njalo emgodini wokuchelela, i-garn ithanda izindawo lapho amanzi etholakala khona njalo.

Izici zokuziphatha garn

Ama-garnes ahlala emihlanjini yabantu aba-5 noma ngaphezulu, kwesinye isikhathi aze afike ku-50. Ekhanda leqembu kukhona owesilisa oyedwa osekhulile, owakha iqembu labesifazane abaningi abancane namawundlu abo. Izinsikazi ezincane ziyaxoshwa emhlambini futhi zivame uklaba ndawonye. Ngenkathi esishisayo, abathandazi bacasha emthunzini wezihlahla. Banamahloni kakhulu futhi bayacophelela.

Ama-garnes anquma indlela yezilwane ezidla izinyawo ngosizo lokubona, ngoba iphunga nokuzwa kwalezi zintelezi akunangqondo.

Uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, izinsikazi zivame ukugxuma phezulu bese zenza umsindo wokubhuqa, zixwayisa wonke umhlambi. Ama-ungulates abaleka, abonisa isivinini esikhulu nokukhuthazela.

Ngasikhathi sinye, i-gallop gallop ngesivinini esingu-80 km / h, ngenkathi igcina leli jubane lapho ihamba ibanga elingamakhilomitha ayi-15. Lapho-ke umhlambi uthi ukwehla kancane kancane ungene gallop ejwayelekile. Ama-garnes angenye yezindlela zokukhanyisa ezisheshayo.

Ubuningi bezintshebe endaweni etholakalayo kungu-1 umuntu ngamunye kumahektha amabili. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, abesilisa balawula isiza esukela ngosayizi kusukela kumahektha ayi-1 kuye kwangama-17, baxosha izimbangi zabo, kepha baheha izinsikazi kwabesifazane. Lokhu kuziphatha kungathatha amasonto amabili kuya ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili. Owesilisa uthatha izinsongo ezisongela, kepha uvikela ukushayisana ngqo nokusebenzisa izimpondo ezibukhali.

Incazelo

Ubude bomzimba buyi-100-150 cm. Ukuphakama kubuna amasentimitha angama-60-85. Isisindo 25-25 kg. Umzimba ojwayelekile wama-gazelles (Gazella). Ngaphandle, isilwane sifana nezinyamazane nezimbuzi. Abesilisa bakhulu futhi banzima kakhulu kunabesifazane.

Abesilisa banezimpondo ezishayayo ziqondiswe kancane emuva ngokuqondile. Ubude bawo bungamasentimitha angama-50, ama-70 cm aphezulu. Akukho zimpondo kubantu besifazane.

Kubo bobabili ubulili, umzimba ophansi, ingaphakathi lemilenze nendawo ezungeze amehlo imhlophe. Izinsikazi nezinsana ziluhlaza okhanyayo, kanti amadoda amadala anombala onsomi omnyama.

Isikhathi sokuphila se-antarope garn antelope eminyakeni engu-12-16 iminyaka.

Thola ukusakazeka

Garnes zohlobo unyaka wonke. Isikhathi sokukhwelana siba ngoFebhuwari - Mashi noma Agasti - Okthoba. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, owesilisa osekhulile ungene endimeni, amaka imingcele ngokugcotshwa kwamalondolo ezindaweni ezithile. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa baziphatha kabi kakhulu. Baxosha bonke abanye abesilisa kusuka endaweni elawulwayo ngenkani yokuthamba nemikhondo ebukhali yamakhanda abo bebhekise ezitheni, futhi bavame ukusebenzisa izimpondo. Abesifazane badla ngokukhululeka eduzane.

Owesilisa uheha izinsikazi nge-pose ekhethekile: udonsa ekhaleni lakhe eliphakeme futhi uphonsa izimpondo zakhe emhlane wakhe. Abesilisa banezindlala zangaphambi kokubeletha, imfihlo yazo iyadingeka ukumaka insimu kanye nabesifazane abangena kumaholo. Owesifazane uphatha amawundlu eyodwa noma amabili izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ama-garnes asemancane ayakwazi ukulandela abazali bawo ngemuva nje kokuzalwa.

Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-6,6, sezivele zizondla ngokwazo. Eminyakeni engu-1.5 - 2 iminyaka bayakwazi ukunika inzalo. Ama-Antelope angaba namalitha amabili ngonyaka. Emvelweni, ama-garnes ahlala iminyaka eyi-10-12, kuyaqabukela aze afike ku-18.

Garn Conservation Status

Ukutholwa kungokwentlobo zezintuthwane, inani lazo elisengcupheni. Njengamanje, kunemihlambi emincane kuphela yalaba bantu abangatheni, abasakazeke ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivikelwe. Ngekhulu lama-20, isibalo sabantu abamnyama bancipha kakhulu ngenxa yokuzingela ngokweqile, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi nokuwohloka kwendawo yokuhlala.

Eminyakeni eminingana eyedlule, kwenziwa umzamo wokuqhakambisa uhlaka e-Argentina, kepha lokhu kuhlola akunikezanga imiphumela emihle.

Muva nje, ngenxa yezinyathelo ezithathiwe ukuvikela i-antelope engavamile, inani lenyukile lisuka kuma-24,000 liya kubantu abangama-50 000.

Kodwa-ke, indawo yokuhlala yabantu abangahambi kahle ihlala ivezwa ingcindezi enkulu evela ekwandeni kwesibalo sabantu eNdiya, ukwanda kwesibalo semfuyo nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kwezindawo. Ngakho-ke, izibilini sezivele zanyamalala e-Bangladesh, Nepal nasePakistan.

Garn iyi-antelope engandile futhi enhle.

Izithanzana ezingandile kakhulu zihlala ezifundeni zaseRajasthan, iGujarat, iMadhya Pradesh, iMaharashtra neGujurat. Yize ama-garnes anyamalale kwezinye izindawo ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwendawo ngenxa yokuguqulwa komhlaba waba ngumhlaba wezolimo, amanani awo ayanda ezindaweni eziningi ezivikelwe, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni zaseRajasthan naseHaryana.

Kwezinye izindawo, isibalo sezintaba sikhuphuke kakhulu kangangokuba zithathwa njengezinambuzane zezilimo zesilungu namanyalu.

Abalimi abaningi babeka izicupho futhi bazingela i-garn ukuze balondoloze izilimo. Kodwa-ke, induna ivikelwe ngumthetho eNdiya. Itholakala ezindaweni eziningi zokonga, kufaka phakathi iVelavadar Sangment neCalimere Nature Reserve. Ukutholwa kugadwe yi-CITES, iSithasiselo III. I-IUCN ihlukanisa lolu hlobo lwe-antelope njengoba isengozini.

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ANTILOPA GARNA (I-Antilope cervicapra) - ukuphela kommeleli wohlobo olufanayo, owaqala wachazwa usosayensi wemvelo uPallas ngo-1766. Ihlala kuphela esifundeni saseNdiya nasePakistan, ezimeni eziningi kuhlala ezindaweni ezinamatshe ogwadule nolunamadwala, futhi kugwenywe izihlahlana zezihlahla zamahlathi nezamahlathi.

I-Garn iyi-antelope encane uma iqhathaniswa: ubude ifinyelela isilinganiso esingu-120 cm, lapho ibuna - 75-85 cm, isisindo siyahlukahluka phakathi kuka-32 - 45 kg. Izimpondo, abangabanikazi bazo kungabesilisa kuphela, zinobude obungafika ku-75 cm, futhi zisontekile ekujikeni okungu-4. Kuwo wonke ubude, ukukhula kwe-annular kukhona kuzo.

Umbala womzimba wesilwane uhlukile, futhi uhluka ngokuya ngobulili.
Bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane banesisu esimhlophe, ngaphakathi kwemilenze, izindlebe nezindawo ezungeze amehlo. Kepha izinhlangothi, ikhanda nomzimba ongaphezulu lowesifazane kubomvu ukukhanya, kuyilapho owesilisa enombala onsundu, ushokoledi ngombala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izinsikazi ezincane zilula futhi zimnyama ngeminyaka, kanye nokukhula kwezimpondo.

Phila gcizelela izitha imihlambi esukela kubantu abahlanu kuya kwabangu-50. Umhlambi uqukethe owesilisa omkhulu, amaduna nezinsikazi zawo. Izinsizwa ezincane ziyaxoshwa emhlambini. Izilwane ziba matasa kakhulu ekuseni nasekuseni kusihlwa, ngesikhathi sokuphumula kwabo emthunzini. Imvamisa buthule, lapho kwenzeka izinsongo, kwesinye isikhathi zenza umsindo wokukhala. Umqondo wokuhogela nokuzwa uhlobisa akuthuthukiswa kahle, ngakho-ke ancike kakhulu embonweni ukuthola ingozi.

Ezinyameni, kufaka izingwe nezinja ezidukayo, i-herbivore iyandiza, ikhula ngasikhathi sinye isivinini esifinyelela ku-80-90 km / h, futhi igxume ngamamitha angama-6.5 ubude. Isichotho singaligcina lesi sikhashana isikhashana.

Ngenxa yesimo sezulu esipholile, ukukhula komatiloshe kuyaqhubeka unyaka wonke, kube neziqalo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kanye nekwindla yokuqala. Abesilisa bahlala benolaka olukhulu, bemaka insimu ngobuningi kanye nezindlala ezikhethekile ezitholakala eduze kwamehlo.
Izimpi ezinamandla phakathi kwezimbangi zivame ukuvela, kwesinye isikhathi izimpondo kwesinye isikhathi ziyephuka. Olahlekayo uxoshwa ngaphandle kwe-harem, ophumelele kule mpi enza imisindo ekhethekile, ephonsa ikhanda emuva futhi ethinta umhlane wakhe ngezimpondo.

Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-5.5 ngokwesilinganiso, emva kwalokho, ezimeni eziningi, ikonyana elilodwa linesisindo esingu-3.5-4 kg. Kungekudala angajaha, kepha okokuqala bachitha otshanini, becasha futhi becasha kwabazingeli. Eminyakeni engu-2 izinyanga, i-young garn iyazimela, kepha ifinyelela eminyakeni yokuthomba iseneminyaka eyodwa nengxenye.

ISIHLOKO. Ukuphakama kubuna amasentimitha angama-55-65 (amasentimitha angama-22-25). Isisindo 35-50 kg (75-110 amakhilogremu), isilinganiso samakhilogremu angama-40 (amakhilogremu angama-90). Abesifazane bacishe babe yingxenye yesithathu kunabesilisa.

I-antelope enhle, enomusa, enhle kakhulu enombala omnyama nomhlophe ohlukile. Ngawo wonke ama-akhawunti, lokhu okukhangayo futhi kubukekayo kunawo wonke amagazethi. Lesi ngesinye sezithombana ezimbalwa eziye zakhulisa ubugqi bezocansi ngombala. Ingxenye engenhla kanye nohlangothi olungemuva lwemilenze emadodeni amadala agcwele, anemibala emnyama, kwesinye isikhathi icishe ibe mnyama, kanti ingxenye engezansi, uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lwemilenze nemibuthano ezungeze amehlo ihluke kakhulu imhlophe. Izinsikazi, ngokulandelana, ziphuzi ezimnyama ngombala omhlophe. Amaduna amancane anombala ofana nowesifazane, njengoba iminyaka ikhula kancane kancane ibe ukuvuthwa okugcwele, okuvela eminyakeni engama-4-5

(ngokumangazayo, abanye abesilisa abenzi mnyama ngokuphelele, yize zivamile kwezinye izindlela). Izimpondo (kuphela kwabesilisa) zinde, zinezindandatho ezihlobene kakhulu, ezisontekile, ziphendukelana ezi-3-5.

BEHAVIOR. Isilwane esisesidlangalaleni, sakha imihlambi emikhulu exubile ehlanganisa owesilisa nowesifazane, futhi kunamakhaya amancane amancane anamaqembu amaduna amadala nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa. Idla ikakhulu okusanhlamvu, kepha ngezikhathi ezithile ingadla amagatsha ezihlahla nezihlahla. Iyasebenza usuku lonke, kepha ngesikhathi esishisayo sosuku, iphumula emthunzini. Imvamisa ikhetha izikhala ezivulekile, kepha itholakala emahlathini anqabile. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, abesilisa banezindawo zabo siqu abaziphawula futhi bazivikele nakwabanye abesilisa. Ukuhlangana kungavela nganoma isiphi isikhathi sonyaka, kepha iziqongo zokuzala zenzeka ngoMashi-Ephreli nango-Agasti-Okthoba, okuwukuphela kwthole kuzalo lowesifazane ezelwe ngemuva kokukhulelwa izinyanga eziyisithupha. Kwenzeka ukuthi ezinye izintokazi zithole izingane ezintathu iminyaka emibili. Uqaphile kakhulu, amehlo abukhali. Ihamba ngejubane elikhulu, ithuthukisa isivinini esifinyelela ku-80-88 km ngehora. ENdiya, angabaleka kalula ngenkathi emzingela ngama-greyhound, abaleke ngisho nakwezokuzingela izinsimbi zokuzingela, uma ekwazi ukugwema ukuphonswa kwawo kokuqala. Isikhathi sokuphila ekudingisweni - kuze kufike ku-1blet.

INDAWO. Amathafa avulekile, kanye nezihlahla ezinameva namahlathi aqabayo amile.

UKUBHEBHETHEKA. I-Eastern Pakistan ne-India. Ngaphandle kwe-Asia, i-antelope yaseNdiya yethulwa e-Argentina nase-Australia, ezimeni ezizimele ezifuywe e-United States.

AMAZWI WOKUGCINA. U-Ellerman kanye noMorrison-Scott (Ellerman & Morrison-Scott) babhala ngo-4 ohlu olusisekelo: A. p. cervicapra, A. k. rupicapra (Izifundazwe Ezihlangene), A. k. rajputanae (Rajahstan nePunjab) kanye no-A. s. enkabeni. Lapha sibheke ndawonye.

AMANOTHI. Ihlala endle emathafeni aseNdiya nasePakistan, lapho kuze kwaba khona ikhulu leminyaka lokugcina elingathandeki kakhulu, inani layo lafinyelela amakhanda acishe abe yizigidi ezine. Isithandwa esithandekayo seMaharaj, eyamzingela ngezibhamu, wayiqhuba ngosizo loshizi abaqeqeshiwe. Wayenakwa inyama nanjengesilwane esine-trophy. Into ethokozisayo yokuzingela ezemidlalo, njengoba inakekela futhi inamahloni.

IZIMBALI ZAMAHHALA. Amarekhodi angawakwaS.J. McElroy, owathola umkhondo ngoFebhuwari 1969 eNdiya. Ibhaliswe yi-SCI Book of Record.