1. Ama-dolphin kade kwaba yizintandokazi zabantu ngenxa yobuhlakani babo obuphakeme.
Ama-dolphin abhekwa njengezilwane ezihlakaniphe kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ama-dolphin futhi ayizilwane ezithandwa futhi ezimangalisa kunazo zonke phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane zasolwandle.
2. Kutholakale izithombe zamahlengethwa edolobheni lasePetra eJordani. Lo muzi wasungulwa ngo-312 BC. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amahlengethwa 'asebenzisana' nabantu isikhathi eside. Futhi ogwadule lwaseJordani kwatholakala imifanekiso yamahlengethwa. Ngokumangazayo, leli lizwe likude nendawo yokuhlala kwalezi zilwane.
3. EGrisi yasendulo, ukubulawa kwephophondo kwakubhekwa njengokuhlanjululwa futhi kwakujeziswa ngokufa. AmaGreek azibheka njenge "hieros ichthys," okusho ukuthi "izinhlanzi ezingcwele".
4. Isithombe sika-Apollo eDelphi sasinomfanekiso walesi silwane.
5. ERoma lasendulo, amahlengethwa kwakukholakala ukuthi aphethe imiphefumulo esiqhingini esithi "Sibusisiwe." Izithombe zalezi zilwane zatholakala ezandleni zezidumbu zamaRoma, okuthiwa zaziqinisekisa ukuthi zidlulela ephephile zilibangise ekufeni.
Bottlenose Dolphin
6. Ama-Oceanic amahle - amahlengethwa asemabhodleleni, awapheli ukumangaza umhlaba, ayizidalwa ezinomusa futhi eziphendula kakhulu emhlabeni. Ama-dolphin eBottlenose ayizinhlobo ezifundwe kakhulu zamahlengethwa. Mhlawumbe isizathu salokhu kwakuwubungani babo bemvelo, ubuhlakani nokufunda okulula. Abantu bahlala bekwazi ukusungula ukuxhumana nabo ngokushesha.
7. Bahlala emanzini afudumele olwandle. Ukudla kwe-botnose dolphin yinhlanzi, ama-squid nezakhamizi ezincane zokujula kolwandle.
8. I-bottlenose dolphin isidalwa esinomusa kakhulu. Icala lokukhombisa livela eNew Zealand ngonyaka we-2004. Ebangeni elingamamitha ayikhulu ukusuka ogwini, onogada abane bahlaselwa ngoshaka omhlophe. Umhlambi wamahlengethwa asebhodleleni okwemizuzu engama-40 uvikele abantu ekuhlaseleni ezwa isisulu. Akunakuchazwa ngaleli qiniso lomusa nesihawu ngezilwane.
9. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi eminyakeni engamakhulu ambalwa edlule amahlengethwa ayemancane kakhulu kunamanje.
10. Ama-dolphin anamazinyo, kepha awasebenzisi wona ukuhlafuna, ngoba imihlathi yawo ayigcwele imisipha. Baye baklanyelwe kuphela ukubamba inyamazane, ethi kamuva imane igwinye iphelele.
Ihlengethwa elinekhanda elimhlophe
11. Amahlengethwa anamakhanda amhlophe - izakhamizi zamanzi afudumele. Esikhathini esiningi bahlala endaweni engasogwini futhi bondla izinhlanzi ezingaphansi. Imvamisa bathola lolu hlobo lwamahlengethwa ngasogwini lwaseNorway, lapho ukudoba luvulelwe khona.
12. Amahlengethwa anombala omhlophe anamazinyo agqamile, kwesinye isikhathi ngokwesabisa abantu. Kodwa-ke, akufanele besabe, ngoba badla kuphela i-shellfish, izinhlanzi kanye nama-crustaceans. Kubantu, lezi zilwane azinakuba yingozi nhlobo, kepha zingenziwa kuphela budedengu ngesikhathi sokuxhumana. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lezi zidalwa ezinhle zinobuhle njengamanye amalungu omndeni.
13. Ososayensi abaningi bathambekele ekucabangeni ukuthi amahlengethwa ayizidalwa ezihlakaniphile ebezilokhu zithuthukisa ukufana nobuntu selokhu kwaqala impilo emhlabeni. Banolimi lwabo nabaphathi, ukusebenza kwengqondo yabo kuhluke kakhulu kulezo zonke ezinye izilwane nezinhlanzi futhi abakwazi ukutadishelwa ngokuphelele.
14. Ososayensi bokucwaninga bakhombisile ukuthi amahlengethwa ayehlala emhlabeni ngaphambi kokuzivumelanisa namanzi. Lapho betadisha iminjunju yabo, ososayensi bathola ukuthi empeleni bakha futhi phambilini babebukeka njengama-paws neminwe. Ngakho-ke, mhlawumbe izihlobo zethu eziseduzane yilaba abahlali basolwandle.
15. Cishe ngonyaka wezigidi ezingama-49, okhokho bamahlengethwa bathuthela emanzini.
Amahlengethwa amabele amhlophe
16. Kunombono wamahlengethwa amnyama. Eqinisweni, kunembile ngokwengeziwe ukubiza lezi zilwane ngombala omhlophe noma ngehlengethwa laseChile. AmaDolphins athole igama elingajwayelekile ngenxa yombala wawo ogqamile: amaphiko nesisu sezilwane ezincelisayo kumhlophe, kanti wonke umzimba upendiwe ngombala onsundu. Njengamanje, lelihlengethwa libhekwa njengelincane kunawo wonke ama-cetaceans. Ngobude, afinyelela kuphela amasentimitha ayi-170. Lolu hlobo lwamahlengethwa alifundiswanga kangako. Ngokweminye imibiko, izilwane zithanda ukuhlala emanzini angajulile, zivame ukubonwa emilonyeni yemifula, lapho amanzi anosawoti exubana khona namanzi amnandi. Ososayensi namanje abakwazi kufinyelela esiphethweni mayelana nenani lalezi zinhlobo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi kukhona cishe ama-dolphin amnyama angama-4000, kanti amanye athi ngokuzethemba ngalesi sibalo - abantu abangama-2000.
17. Lezi zilwane zihlala ogwini lwaseChile. Ochwepheshe bathi lolu hlobo lwezinhlobo zemvelo ngokuvamile aluthambekele ekufudukeni futhi luhlala ezindaweni zokuzalwa.
Amahlengethwa
18. Ngeshwa, amahlengethwa amnyama asondele ekuqothulweni, yize engakakavikelwa ngokomthetho ngokusemthethweni. Umonakalo omkhulu wenzalo yabo wenziwa ngabadobi, njengoba izilwane zihlala ziwela emanethini abo, zifela lapho.
19. Ngokucwaninga kososayensi, dolphin ngayinye inegama layo, elibizwa yizihlobo zayo. Zonke zenza imisindo ekhethekile okunzima ukuyibamba endlebeni yomuntu, kodwa endaweni yazo umuntu ngamunye uhlukile kolunye ngokunemba okungafaniyo nendlela yakhe yokuxhumana.
20. Ukuhlolwa kwamahlengethwa kuvame ukudida abacwaningi, ngoba abakwazi ukwakha umbono oqondile mayelana nezinga labo lobuhlakani. Vele, amahlengethwa ahlakaniphile kakhulu futhi afihla izimfihlo ezizoqhubeka zifundwe yisintu.
Killer whale
21. Izinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zamahlengethwa zingumkhomo wokubulala. Imizimba yabo ingaba ngamamitha angama-30 ubude. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhomo yokubulala ibhekwa njengomunye wababulali abanonya kakhulu emhlabeni.
22. Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezingama-43 zamahlengethwa ziyaziwa. Ezingama-38 zazo ziyizakhamizi zolwandle nezilwandle, kanti ezinhlanu ezisele zingumfula.
23. Zinezinhlobo ezifanayo phakathi kwazo, njengokuzalwa bukhoma, ukondliwa ngobisi, ukuba khona kwezitho zokuphefumula, isikhumba esibushelelezi nokuningi.
24. Futhi, amahlengethwa ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene anezimpawu zawo. Ezinye izilwane zinekhala eliphakeme, kanti ezinye, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zicindezelekile. Zingahluka ngemibala nangesisindo somzimba.
25. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amahlengethwa angaxhumana kanjani omunye nomunye futhi athole inyamazane. Abaphenyi bathola ukuthi ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zokuphila, lezi zidalwa zinemisindo yazo, futhi zihlukaniswe zaba ngundabamlonyeni futhi ziyaxhumana. Basebenzisa amasiginali we-sonar ukuthola inyamazane, nezimpawu zokuxhumana ukuxhumana phakathi komndeni.
26. Amahlengethwa abesifazane asizana ukuzala inzalo. Zonke ezinye izihlobo ngalesi sikhathi zenza ukuvikelwa.
27. Ososayensi baseMelika baklame idivaysi abazama ngayo ukuthola ukuthi izincazelo zama-dolphin zisayiniwe. Kungekudala kakhulu, kwatholakala ukuthi i-ultrasound, ekhishwe ngamahlengethwa, inomphumela onenzuzo empilweni yabantu futhi inegalelo ekwelashweni kwezifo ezithile.
28. Ama-dolphin awanawo umqondo wephunga, kepha anengqondo yokunambitha futhi, njengabantu, ayakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokunambitheka okumnandi, okumuncu, okunosawoti.
29. Amahlengethwa aphefumula umoya. Azinawo amagilebhisi, njengezinhlanzi, kepha zinamaphaphu futhi ziphefumula umzimba ophezulu. Imikhomo nama-dolphin aphefumulayo afanayo enza imisindo ehlukahlukene.
30. Amahlengethwa amaningi awaziboni izinto phambi kwawo. Lapho ubheka izinto, amahlengethwa ngisho nemikhomo yokubulala ilele ezinhlangothini zazo futhi uzihlole ngosizo lweso elilodwa noma elinye.
31. Ukusebenzisana kwodolphin nomuntu kuhlala kunomthelela omuhle esimeni sokusebenza kwengqondo salokhu okwedlule, ngakho-ke kuvela ukwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa dolphin. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kwelashwa kusiza izingane ezinezinkinga ezithile zokuxhumana. I-Autism, inkinga yokushoda kwengqondo, ngisho ne-cerebral palsy ingalashwa ngalezi zilwane ezimangalisayo.
32. AmaDolphins axhumana kahle nabantu, angaqeqeshwa, angatholwa kalula. Lezi zilwane zaqeqeshwa ngezinhloso zempi ngamandla omhlaba amakhulu amakhulu ekhulu lamashumi amabili - i-United States ne-USSR. AmaDolphins aqeqeshelwa ukuthola izimayini, asindisa amatilosi emikhumbi eshiswe yilanga futhi abhubhisa nemikhumbi engaphansi kwesitha, ngeshwa, efa kulokhu kusebenza.
33. Ijubane elijwayelekile lapho dolphin ibhukuda amakhilomitha angama-5 ukuya kwayi-5 ngehora. Kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo nezimo. Amanye amahlengethwa ashesha kakhulu angahamba ngejubane aze afike ku-32 km / h.
34. Kuze kufinyelele kumamitha angama-304 ukujula, amahlengethwa angashona.
35. Ama-dolphin ukuphela kwezilwane ezizala umsila wazo wokuqala. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izingane bezizominza.
Grinda Dolphin
36. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi ama-dolphin ama-botnose akhipha izindebe eziyi-17 ahlukahlukene ukuxhumana ngazo. Kuyamangaza ukuthi amalunga ama-5 omndeni nawo aqonda imisindo emi-5 - izindunduma kanye namakhasi amhlophe.
37. Ama-dolphin sonars ahamba phambili emvelweni, amahlandla ambalwa aphakama amalulwane namadivayisi afanayo adalwe ngabantu.
38. Ama-dolphin anezisu ezimbili: enye ingeyokugcina ukudla, kanti enye isetshenziselwa ukugaya.
39. Ngaphandle kokuthi isikhathi esiphakathi kwamahlengethwa yiminyaka engama-20 kuphela, amanye amakhulu eminyaka angaphila iminyaka engama-50. Ngisho iqiniso lokuthi elinye lamahlengethwa amadala kunawo wonke aphila iminyaka engama-61 liyaqoshwa.
40. Uma kunokudla okwanele endaweni abahlala kuyo, amahlengethwa angathuthela kwezinye izindawo. Izindawo ezintsha azihlali nje ekutholakaleni kokudla kuzo, kepha futhi nasekushiseni kwamanzi, okungafanele kube phansi kunokushisa kwemizimba yazo.
41. Ihlengethwa elinesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-120 ngosuku lidinga ukudla amakhilogremu ayi-33, kanti lezi zilwane azikhathaleli futhi azikaze zikhuluphele.
42. Lezi zilwane zasolwandle zizingelwa kuphela emaphaketheni, futhi azikwazi ukuhlala zodwa. Imindeni yeDolphin kwesinye isikhathi ibalelwa kubantu abangaba yikhulu. Ngenxa yalawa makhono, lesi silwanyana asishiywa ngaphandle kokudla okuningi.
43. Njengoba amahlengethwa ehlala ngokubumbana, izinkinga zawo azihambi kumuntu ngamunye. Uma kuvela ihlengethwa eligulayo noma elibuthakathaka emndenini, khona-ke zonke izihlobo ziyamsiza zimcindezele phezulu, okwenza kube lula ukugwinya umoya omusha.
44. Amahlengethwa asebenzisa i-echolocation ekuzingeleni. Ukuzwa kwabo kuhlelwe ngendlela yokuthi izilwane zikwazi ukubona inani lezinto, umthamo wazo kanye nobungako bengozi ngophawu olukhonjiswayo. Amahlengethwa angakwazi ukubamba inyamazane yawo ngemisindo ephezulu yemvamisa, ayibulale.
45. Ososayensi baphakamisa ukuthi i-ecolocation inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo izilwane eseyithole muva nje.
Ihlengethwa eliphinki
46. I-pink dolphin ibhekwa njengenhlobo eyingqayizivele futhi ihlala e-Amazon.
47. Ama-dolphin abhukuda emibuthanweni futhi iso elilodwa lihlala elibuka ukuthi izinyamazane azizitholeli kuwo. Ngemuva kwenkathi ethile yesikhathi, baqala ukubhukuda baye ngaphesheya futhi babone ngamehlo.
48. Ukuzwa komuntu okujwayelekile akukwazi ukubamba ucingo lwe-dolphin roll. Abantu babona imisindo efinyelela kuma-kilohertz angama-20, kanti namahlengethwa akhipha izibonakaliso imvamisa efinyelela ku-200 kilohertz. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi enkulumweni yalezi zilwane kunamakhwela angaphezu kuka-180 ahlukene. Imisindo yeDolphin ingeza kuma-sillies, amagama ngisho nemisho. Futhi abameleli bamahlengethwa avela ezifundeni ezihlukene babiza ngamunye ngolimi lwakhe.
49. Lezi zilwanyana zasolwandle zingagxumela ekuphakameni okungamamitha ayi-6.
50. Amahlengethwa ahlonishwa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abaningi. Kwamanye amazwe, abantu bakhathazeke kakhulu ngendaba yamahlengethwa athunjiwe. Ukuze uvikele izilwane, imithetho efanelekile nayo iyenziwa. Imithetho enqabela ama-dolphin athunjiwe ifakiwe eCosta Rica, eChile naseHungary. Kungekudala kakhulu, i-India yajoyina la mazwe. AmaHindu ngokuvamile abheka amahlengethwa njengomuntu, futhi ngenxa yalokho kufanele abe namalungelo njengabantu. Ngakho ukuxhashazwa kwabo ekudingisweni akwamukeleki.
Amaqiniso athakazelisa kakhulu ngamahlengethwa
1. Okwamanje, izinhlobo ezingama-43 zamahlengethwa ziyaziwa. Ezingama-38 zazo ziyizakhamizi zolwandle nezilwandle, kanti ezinhlanu ezisele zingumfula.
2. Ososayensi bokucwaninga bakhombisile ukuthi amahlengethwa ayehlala emhlabathini ngaphambi kokuzijwayeza namanzi. Lapho betadisha iminjunju yabo, ososayensi bathola ukuthi empeleni bakha futhi phambilini babebukeka njengama-paws neminwe. Ngakho-ke, mhlawumbe izihlobo zethu eziseduzane ziyimpilo yasolwandle.
3. Izithombe zamahlengethwa zatholakala edolobheni lasePetra, eJordani. Lo muzi wasungulwa ngo-312 BC. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amahlengethwa 'asebenzisana' nabantu isikhathi eside.
4. Ama-dolphin ukuphela kwezilwane ezizala umsila wazo wokuqala. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izingane bezizominza.
5. Isipuni samanzi esiwele emaphashini dolphin singakwazi ukufaka isilwane esimanzi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuze kumbiwe umuntu, kuyadingeka ukuthi izipuni ezimbili zamanzi zingene emaphashini akhe.
6. Ama-dolphin angenza imisindo ayisebenzisayo lapho bekhulumisana amabanga amade. Futhi, le misindo ikuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuthi yiziphi izinto eziphambi kwazo, ezisiza ekubaleni ingozi engaba khona.
7. Ama-dolarin ama-Sonar ahamba phambili emvelweni, amahlandla ambalwa aphakeme kakhulu ngamalulwane namadivayisi afanayo adalwe ngabantu.
8. Ngesikhathi sokulala, amahlengethwa kufanele abe ngaphezulu kwamanzi. Ingxenye eyodwa yobuchopho kuphela enqanyuliwe, kanti enye ihlala "iseqwashini." Ixhasa ukuphefumula, futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ubhekele izingozi ezingaba khona.
9. ICove iyona kuphela i-movie yamahlengethwa yokuwina umklomelo we-Academy. Kuyo, izibukeli zingabona ukuthi abantu baziphilisa kanjani lezi zilwane. Ingqikimba enkulu yefilimu inkinga yohlukusho lwamahlengethwa.
10. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi eminyakeni engamakhulu ambalwa edlule amahlengethwa ayencane kakhulu kunamanje. Baphinde baphakamise ukuthi i-echolocation inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo izilwane eseyithole muva nje.
11. Ama-dolphin awasebenzisi amazinyo awo ngenkathi edla. Zenzelwe kuphela ukubamba inyamazane, okuthi emva kwalokho zimane zigwinye lonke.
12. Elinye iqiniso elijabulisayo ngamahlengethwa ukuthi eGrisi lasendulo, ukubulala dolphin kwakuthathwa njengokuhlambalaza futhi kwakujeziswa ngokufa. AmaGreek azibheka njenge "hieros ichthys," okusho ukuthi "izinhlanzi ezingcwele".
13. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi amahlengethwa athatha amagama awo. Bahlakulela okwabo ukushaya amakhwela futhi uma ikhwela lishintsha, amahlengethwa ayakwazi ukuzikhomba.
14. Ama-dolphin kufanele azenzele ukuphefumula. Banale nqubo ayilethwa ku-automatism, uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu.
15. Ama-dolphin anezisu ezimbili: enye ingeyokugcina ukudla, kanti enye isetshenziselwa ukugaya.
16. Noma isikhathi esiphakathi kwamahlengethwa sineminyaka eyi-17 kuphela, amanye amakhulu eminyaka angaphila iminyaka engama-50.
17. imikhomo ezibulala zibhekwa njengezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zamahlengethwa. Imizimba yabo ingaba ngamamitha angama-30 ubude. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhomo yokubulala ibhekwa njengomunye wababulali abanonya kakhulu emhlabeni.
18. Uma kungekho ukudla okwanele endaweni ahlala kuyo, amahlengethwa angathuthela kwezinye izindawo. Izindawo ezintsha azihlali nje ekutholakaleni kokudla kuzo, kepha futhi nasekushiseni kwamanzi, okungafanele kube phansi kunokushisa kwemizimba yazo.
19. Ama-dolphin anesikhumba esibucayi kakhulu futhi angalimala lapho ethinta kancane indawo elukhuni ukuze alimale. Kodwa-ke, ngisho namanxeba ajulile ayaphola ngesikhathi esifushane.
20. Amahlengethwa angabhukuda ngejubane lamakhilomitha amathathu kuya kwayi-7 ngehora. Kepha ososayensi bakwazile ukuqopha amacala ambalwa lapho abanye abantu balezi zilwane bebhukuda ngejubane elingamakhilomitha angama-20 ngehora.
21. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-dolphin ayafa ngokushesha nje lapho engena emanetha okudoba.
22. ERoma lasendulo, amahlengethwa kwakukholakala ukuthi aphethe imiphefumulo esiqhingini esithi "Sibusisiwe." Izithombe zalezi zilwane zatholakala ezandleni zezidumbu zamaRoma, okuthiwa zaziqinisekisa ukuthi zidlulela ephephile zilibangise ekufeni.
23. Amanye amahlengethwa angaqonda amagama angama-60, angenza imisho engama-2000.Lokhu kuwuphawu olucacile lokuthi lezi zilwane ziyazazi.
24. Ama-dolphin awanawo umqondo wephunga, kepha anomqondo wokunambitha futhi, njengabantu, ayakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokunambitheka okumnandi, okumuncu, okunosawoti.
25. Futhi iqiniso lokugcina elijabulisa kakhulu ngamahlengethwa ukuthi lezi zilwane ziyakwazi ukubulala ushaka. Lokhu bakwenza ngokushaywa ngamandla emakhaleni abo nasemabunzini abo.
Amahlengethwa ayizilwane ezimangalisa ngempela eziqhubeka zimangaza ubuntu ngokutholwa okusha kwesayensi.