Noma umuntu egwema ukwenza izingqinamba, ama-gypsies asabonakala ngezinga elithile njengabantu abakhethiweyo. Ngisho nolunye uphawu lwezwe lamaRoma yi-cartwheel. Yebo, ubani okufanele adonse le nqola? Vele, ihhashi elihlakahlaka. Ukuvela kohlobo lwamahhashi ama-gypsy kwakungemvelo futhi kungahleliwe ngasikhathi sinye, ngoba akekho owazibekela yena umsebenzi wokufuya uhlobo olunjalo. Ngaleso sikhathi, isidingo samahhashi anjalo avela emakamu ama-nomad kulo lonke elaseYurophu sasikhona.

Umsuka wohlobo lwamahhashi we-gypsy

Akukho okuningi okwaziwayo ngomlando wokwenziwa kabusha kwama-gypsies. Kukholelwa ukuthi beza eYurophu bevela endaweni yoMbuso WaseByzantine. Ukuhamba kancane ukuya entshonalanga, ama-gypsies ekugcineni azithola eseziQhingini zaseBrithani, futhi lokhu kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-15, noma kunalokho, ngo-1430.

Akukacaci ngokuphelele ukuthi kungani kulapha, kepha inqubo yokuzalaniswa kokuzalela okusha yaqala futhi ngemuva kwamakhulu eminyaka amaningi yaqedwa ngempumelelo esiqhingini sase-Ireland. Amahhashi agqamile ngaleso sikhathi, ayeyinhlanganisela ye-motley yezinhlobo ezahlukile, aqoqeka yonke indlela ukusuka eByzantium kuya e-Atlantic, anqamula nabamele izinhlobo zohlobo lwesiNgisi, i-Ireland nezaseScotland. Umsebenzi obaluleke ngokukhethekile ekuzaleni kwe-gypsy harness wenziwa ama-kledesdels, felps, dales, highwoods kanye nama-shires.

Yize ngesikhathi sangaphambi kwezimboni, ama-gypsies ayethathwa njengabagibeli abahle kakhulu, bona uqobo bebengadingi ngempela amahhashi okugibela. Kepha isidingo sezilwane ezisalungiswa sasiphezulu kakhulu. Kungale ndlela lapho kwenziwa khona umsebenzi wokuzalela.

Futhi, izimfanelo zokuzalelwa zithintwe ubumpofu obungenathemba bama-gypsies. Kwakungekho mbuzo wezintambo noma okuphakelayo okulinganiselayo. Amahhashi ama-Gypsy ayevame ukuhamba aze angakhethi, futhi lezi zilwane zidla kuphela lokho ezazinesikhathi sokuklebhula ngesikhathi sokupaka ebusuku noma zihamba ngomgwaqo ngenqola. Akukho nokusho ukunakekelwa kwezilwane ngamahhashi. Isilwane esigulayo sasimane nje sithengiswe noma sihlatshwe.

Emakhulukhulu eminyaka alo mkhuba kuholele ekutheni ama-gypsies ase-Ireland ayenazo izinhlobo zamahhashi amahhanisi, abonakala ngokukhuthazela nokungazethembi. UNomad Roma wayengadingi okunye, futhi akukho okunye ukuzalela okungathwala indlela yokuphila kwabo.

Uma ubheka izithombe namavidiyo wamahhashi we-gypsy, akunzima ukubona ukuthi i-pinto igcwele kuwo. Lokhu futhi kungenxa yobuphofu bama-gypsies abulala uhlobo olusha. Iqiniso ngukuthi i-pinto ibonwa njenge “udoti” isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke amahhashi anjalo, ngaphandle kokuzalela, ayeshibhile. Ngisho nasemahhashini amahhashi, lapho bekuhlala khona ukushoda kakhulu kwezilwane, amahhashi e-pinto ayenqikazezi ukuthatha, ngoba ukulwa nehhashi ngombala ofana nenkomo kuwudumo ongathandeki. Kepha ama-gypsies ayengenandaba nokuthi isilwane sinjani umbala, into esemqoka kwakuwukusebenza kahle. Lapha bathenga amahhashi e-pinto ngamanani entengo. Ngenxa yalokhu, amahhashi e-pinto akha ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ekuzaleni kwama-gypsy namuhla.

Njengoba iningi lamaGypsi lihlala lingabantu abangafundile (futhi lo mkhuba, ngeshwa, awakaze unqotshwe ngisho nanamuhla), umsebenzi wokukhetha ububanga isiphithiphithi kakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, vele, kwakungekho ncwadi yabazukulwana. Ngalesi sizathu, akekho noyedwa owayazi ngempela lutho ngohlobo lwama-gypsy kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu lama-20. Isimo sashintsha kuphela ngeminyaka yama-1940-50s, lapho kuvela imfashini yohlobo lwamahhashi angavamile phakathi kwabafuyi bamahhashi e-USA. Yebo, ihhashi lamaGypsy lathola isimo salo esisemthethweni ngo-1996, elenza libe ngomunye wabancane kunabo bonke emhlabeni.

Namuhla kusetshenziswa amagama amaningana kulokhu kuzalanisa. Kugcwele futhi kubanzi ngokubanzi - Uhlobo lwamahhashi aluhlobo lwamahhashi. Igama elithi "tinker" lisetshenziswa kaninginingi, eliye laqala kakhulu eJalimane naseNetherlands. E-Ireland, lapho igama elithi "tinker" liyisidlaliso esihlambalazayo kuma-gypsies uqobo, igama elithi “cob lase-Ireland” liyasetshenziswa, okusho ukuthi ihhashi eliphansi kodwa elikhulu futhi elinamandla.

I-Gipsy ihhashi - izithombe nencazelo

Njengoba kwakukhona amaponi amaningi ku-pedigree yamahhashi e-gypsy, ukukhula kwabameleli balokhu kuzalaniswa kuncane ngokumangazayo: kusuka ku-135 kuye ku-160 cm.

Ingaphandle lingajwayelekile futhi lifana nehhashi laseFriesian: ikhanda eliqinile elinephrofayili ebhekene nobuso bezindlebe nezindebe ezinde, ukubuna okuphansi namahlombe amakhulu, imilenze eqinile enamaqhubu aqinile kakhulu. Vele ubheke ihhashi le-gypsy kanyekanye ukuze uqaphele mane nomsila walo obukhulu kakhulu. Babuye babe nama- “friezes” (amakhekhe) abushelelezi ezinyaweni zabo ukusuka klesdendale nase shire. Enye into ehlukanisayo ngohlobo lokuzalela ubukhona bentshebe encane, imvamisa kakhulu emahhashini.

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngombala wamahhashi we-gypsy, i-pinto igcwele kakhulu, kepha eminye imibala iyatholakala.

Kusukela ukuthuthukiswa kokuzalela kwaqhubeka ngokungazelelwe isikhathi eside, futhi njengamanje ama-tinkers ahlukaniswa ngokwezindinganiso eziningana, namuhla kunomehluko omkhulu obonakalayo ngaphakathi kokuzalela. Isibonelo, emahhashini ama-gypsy e-USA ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu: “mini” - amahhashi amafushane kuno-142 cm, “classic” - ukusuka ku-142 kuya ku-155 cm, kanye no- "great" - ngaphezu kuka-155 cm ukuphakama.

Amahhashi ama-Gypsy, amaloli asindayo aziwa ngokuba nomoya opholile futhi onesimo sokuthula. Abanye abafuyi bezindawo bathi kwesinye isikhathi i-tinker idinga ukuvuselelwa ukuze iphinde ibe namandla. Ngalesi sizathu, la mahhashi ajwayele ukukhethwa ezifundweni zokugibela. Ama-Gypsy mares azimisele kakhulu ukubamba iqhaza labesifazane ekunkuliseni izinyamazane zamahhashi, ngoba ama-maresi ahlanzekile angashisayo ayashisa kangangokuba kwesinye isikhathi awakwazi ngisho nokondla izingane zawo.

Ngokuvamile, ama-kobes ase-Ireland abonakala njengezilwane eziqinile, eziqinile futhi ezingazithobi. Zilungele ukusetshenziswa ngehhanisi, kodwa futhi zisebenza kahle ngaphansi kwesibopho. Adume kakhulu nge-gait yawo ethambile futhi, ngokungathandeki ngokwanele, ikhono elihle kakhulu lokugxuma.

Izimo nokudla kwamahhashi we-gypsy

Njengoba ukuzalaniswa kwavuselelwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima lapho kungekho okuphakelayo okuhleliwe, ama-gypsy amahhashi asindayo, i-video yayo eyethulwa lapha, yaphenduka yaba lukhuni kakhulu futhi ayinambulelo zombili ezimweni zokugcina nokwakheka kokuphakelayo. Eqinisweni, la mahhashi ekuqaleni ayezivumelanisa nezimo ukuze aphile emoyeni ovulekile unyaka wonke futhi adla kuphela utshani, wona uqobo ayezokwazi ukuwuthatha lapho kupakwa khona ebusuku noma ngesikhathi soguquko lwasemini.

Namuhla, noma kunjalo, ihhashi le-gypsy lidume kakhulu emhlabeni wonke futhi ikakhulukazi e-USA. Izindleko ezijwayelekile zesilwane esisodwa esakhiwe kahle zisukela kumawaka ayishumi kuya kwangama-25 dollar. Ngokusobala, akekho umuntu ogcina amahhashi abiza kangaka esibayeni esivulekile futhi ondle kuphela utshani notshani.

Ngenxa yalokhu okwandulelayo, kuvela isimo lapho umnikazi ngamunye wehhashi eliyi-gypsy ngokuzimela enquma ukuthi izimo zewadi lakhe zingakheka kanjani nokuthi uzondla kanjani. Uhlobo lomhlaba ophakathi nendawo kuzoba yizimo ezijwayelekile zokugcina amahhashi enziwe kahle: indawo ehlanzekile, ekhanyayo futhi enomoya omuhle, kepha ngaphandle kokushisa. Amahhashi ama-Gypsy angabuye ondliwe ngokudla okujwayelekile: isisekelo hay hay notshani, kanye nezinhlamvu zemifino nemifino.

Kepha okufanele unake kakhulu yi-mane, umsila nama-friezes. Njengoba kubonakala esithombeni, amahhashi we-gypsy ahlala eminyene kakhulu futhi kwesinye isikhathi futhi acothoza. Ukuze ulondoloze isilwane ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokubukeka okuhle, udinga ukuhlanganisa lezi zindawo njalo futhi ugeze nge-shampoo.

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwamahhashi we-gypsy

Naphezu kobusha bayo, uhlobo lwamahhashi olunama-gypsy lithandwa kakhulu eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika. Kanye nehhashi laseFrisian, ama-tuners abiza kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngokusobala, uhlobo olubi lokufuya alusoze lwabakhona. Namuhla, amahhashi we-gypsy abaluleke kakhulu nge:

1. Ukuqothuka. Okwamanje, emazweni amaningi omhlaba inani lama-tinkers lincane kakhulu, okungukuthi, umnikazi wehhashi elinjalo unethuba elihle kakhulu lokuziqhayisa kubangane bakhe into engaziwayo.
2. Ingaphandle elihle. Esithombeni sehhashi le-gypsy harness, kubonakala kahle ukuthi udonsa kakhulu i-kledesdale ne-shire. Ngamanye amagama, inokubukeka okuhle kakhulu futhi kwesinye isikhathi kufana nethoyi enkulu enkulu. Kuhle ukugibela ihhashi elinje, futhi libukeka lihle ngehhanisi.
3. I-soft gait. Lesi sici samahhashi we-gypsy siphinda sibenze balungele ukusisebenzisa kakhulu ukugibela amahhashi.
4. Isimo sokuzola. Ama-Tinkers athule ngokumangazayo futhi akhononde. Ukubenza bathukuthele, kudingeka wenze umzamo omkhulu. Ngalesi sizathu, ihhashi lihle kulabo abafunda nje ukugibela.
5. Ukungazinikeli. Kukhona izinhlobo ezimbalwa zamahhashi okulula kakhulu ukuzigcina nokuzondla. Ihhashi le-gypsy liyobonga ngisho ne-canopy yokuqala kusuka emvuleni nasekuphakelweni okulula.

Ububi bokuzala kwamahhashi we-gypsy kuncane kakhulu:

1. Izindleko eziphakeme. Ngenxa yokuthi manje ihhashi selisesigabeni sokuthandwa (futhi mhlawumbe leli nani alikaze lifinyelelwe kuze kube manje), izindleko zama-tinkers angenasisekelo ziphakeme impela. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umfuyi wehhashi ojwayelekile uvame ukuphoqelelwa kuphela ukuba ancome isithombe sohlobo lwamahhashi aluhlaza, ngoba akakwazi ukukhokhela isilwane esibizayo.
2. Ayilungele imidlalo yejubane eliphezulu. Yize ihhashi eliyi-gypsy lingenza kahle ekuqunjweni kabusha, emjahweni wamahhashi alinakuthengiswa ngokuphelele.

Amathemba okuzala ihhashi le-gypsy

Ama-Tinkers afana kakhulu nehhashi lase-Friesian. Futhi akugcini lapho futhi hhayi kangako ngokubukeka, kepha mayelana nezinketho zokusebenzisa la mahhashi. Eqinisweni, lezi izinhlobo zokuhlobisa ezibukeka ziboshwe kahle kwinqola enhle ngesikhathi semikhosi ehlukahlukene.

Njengamahhashi aseFriesian, ama-tinkers angasetshenziswa ukugibela izivakashi ezimotweni noma ukugibela amapaki amadolobha, kodwa kungcono ukungazivumeli ziye emaphandleni wangempela. Isizathu silula: i-mane eyindilinga, umsila kanye namakhaza emilenzeni ihlanganiswa nemfucumfucu yemifino ngokushesha okukhulu, bese kuthi emva kohambo olunjalo ihhashi lihlangane futhi lihlelele isikhathi eside.

Kepha ekuqeqesheni ukugibela amahhashi noma ukuhamba nje ngasese emaphandleni owakhiwe kahle, amahhashi we-gypsy afanelekile. Ukuhamba okunethezekile komgibeli kanye nemvelo ethambile yesilwane kwenza ama-tinkers afanele kakhulu kulokhu.

Emincintiswaneni yezemidlalo, amahhashi we-gypsy asetshenziswa kakhulu, ngoba izinhlobo zokugibela ezingenasici ngokwezici zesivinini ziphakeme kakhulu kunama-tinkers amafishane nanemilenze emifushane. Umdlalo okuwukuphela kwawo lapho lolu hlobo luzavela kahle lukuphindaphindiwe.

Okokugcina, asikho isidingo sokuchaza isikhathi eside ukuthi kungani ihhashi elixakile nelibiza kakhulu lingasetshenziswa njengezinkomo zenyama yenkomo nobisi.

Kepha ngokuzalaniswa okuthengiswayo, ihhashi alili kubi. Njengoba kunikezwe isidingo esandayo salokhu kuzalanisa eRussia namanani ayo amancane, ukukhulisa amahhashi eGypsy eVeliky Novgorod noma kwelinye idolobha elikhulu kungaba yibhizinisi elihle.

IGypsy izalela idatha yomlando

Lokhu kuzalaniswa kudalwe amashumishumi eminyaka ezinqamule kanye nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo.

I-Ireland ithathwa njengendawo yokuzalwa yamahhashi angama-gypsy. Kulapho lapho kwaqalwa khona ukwenziwa ngohlobo oluthile lwamahhashi endawo ngezinhlobo ezalethwa amaRomani (izizwe zama-nomadic). Abavuseleli bamahhashi anjalo ayizinhlobo eziningi. Ukuzalanisa ngqo ama-tinkers kwaqala kuphela ngonyaka we-1996 kuphela, yize ukuzalaniswa kwakhiwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Namuhla, amahhashi e-gypsy asatshalaliswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezihlukile zomhlaba.

Igama elisemthethweni nehhashi lomdanso wase-Ireland, kepha emazweni afana neJalimane neHolland, igama elithi “Tinker” (elihunyushwe ngokuthi i-gypsy) livame kakhulu. Lesi simo simcasukela ama-Ireland, akhetha ukubiza izilwane i-Irish cob noma i-pinto cob (i-pinto yase-Ireland). Igama elithi cob ekuhumusheni lisuselwa esiNgisini linencazelo "ihhashi eliphansi, elinamasheya, onqonqozwe kahle."

Incazelo nezimpawu zohlobo lokuzalela

Isidalwa ngasinye eMhlabeni sihlukile, ngisho nabamele umndeni owodwa banezici ezihlukile, kungashiwo okufanayo ngokuzalanisa. Ama-Tinkers anezici eziningi eziwahlukanisa kwamanye amahhashi:

1. Naphezu kwegama elithi "cob," elalinamathiselwe ehhashini le-gypsy, ama-tinkers anokuphakama okuphakathi ngamazinga amukelwe ngokuvamile (cishe ngo-143-155 cm), kwezinye izikhathi angakhuphuka (aze afike ku-160 cm, ezifuywayo ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi zi-great) noma phansi ( kusuka ku-135 kuye ku-143 cm, obizwa ngokuthi yi-mini). Ukuchezuka okunjalo kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile.
2. Isisindo somzimba sezilwane singasukela ku-240 kuya ku-700 kg. Njengasendabeni yokukhula, ukuphambuka okunjalo kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile futhi akubonisi izifo noma ukungahambi kahle kokuzala.
3. Amahhashi ama-Gypsy ahlukaniswa ngumzimba oqinile, owakhelwe kahle, ohlukaniswa ngamandla nobubanzi bawo, izicubu zomzimba eziqinile zibonakala kahle emzimbeni.
4. Ama-cobes anomhlane omfishane, ogeleza kahle ku-croup, otholakala ephezulu.
5. Isilo esihle kakhulu singabonakala ngokubonakala kwama-tuners: anokubuna okuphansi, ukugoba intamo enhle, ikhanda eliqinile lapho ubheka kuqala, nezindlebe ezinde.
6. Ijazi le-gypsy lingahlukaniswa ngentshebe ngaphansi komhlathi ophansi.
7. Ama-Gypsy tinkers anezinwele ezinhle kakhulu: zine-mane ebushelelezi futhi ecwebezelayo, iyabuna nomsila, kanti izitho ezingezansi zimbozwe izinwele ezinhle ezifanayo.

Ngaphandle, ihhashi lempi laseTinker liqhamuke esixukwini. Lokhu kuzalanisa akuqhudelani namahhashi akhule kahle, kepha kunganikeza abaningi babo inkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amahhashi e-gypsy anezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zokugijima.

Umbala wama-Tinkers ubaliwe (kukhanya noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umzimba omnyama ogcwele amabala anemibala ehlukile). Emakhulwini eminyaka adlule eYurophu isudi enjalo ayizange ibongelwe futhi yathathwa njenge "yiphutha", okwaholela endalweni nasekungeneleni kwezilwane. Ngokwesimo sakho samanje, kunezinhlobo ezi-3 zalolu hlobo lokuzalela: i-tobiano, i-overo ne-tover.

Idatha yomlando we-Tinker

Umsuka wohlobo lokuzalwa lwase-Ireland luyingxenye ebalulekile yomlando wama-Gypsy omads. Maphakathi nekhulu le-15, amaRoma afika eBrithani ahlala eziqhingini. E-Ireland bathatha indawo yezizwe zamaTinker. Izikhathi zakudala zamukela abokufika ngenkani, kwaba nezimpi phakathi kwabo. Indlela yokuphila yokuphila eyisimanga kancane kancane yahlanganisa ama-tinkers nama-gypsies. Bahlangana futhi baba nobunye esizweni esisodwa.

Izifiki kanye nama-gypsies endawo agcina amahhashi. Ngemuva kobumbano, amahhashi ahlangana ndawonye awela. Ngakho-ke okusalungiswa kwe-gypsy okusalungiswa noma i-cob yase-Ireland kwavela ngokwemvelo. Kusukela kumahhashi we-tinker, amukele amandla nokubukeka okungajwayelekile, nasemahhashini angama-gypsy - izindunduma ezinde.

Umbala ojwayelekile we-piebald ubuye ngenxa yendlela yokuphila ye-gypsy. Umbala wawubhekwa njengoludabukisayo, ngakho-ke i-pinto yayibaluleke kakhulu. Azange amukelwe emayunithi amasosha ngenxa yokubukeka emzaneni. I-gypsy yayingenandaba nokubukeka, kepha izimfanelo zokusebenza kwezilwane ezinhle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, amahhashi aqinile futhi aqinile awatholanga ize.

Ama-gypsies awazange ahlanganyele emsebenzini ohlosiwe wokuzalela, akazange aqaphele ukuhlanzeka kokuzalela futhi akazange abale imfuyo. Abafuyi bamahhashi baseMelika baqala ukuhlanganisa ama-pedigrees kanye nokuzalela ngemuva kuka-1945, lapho ama-kobes ase-Ireland ethandwa e-United States.

Kusukela ngo-1996, i-Irish Cob Association ibisebenza, futhi izincwadi ze-Stud ziyagcinwa.Inani le-tinker lilinganiselwe, ngakho abathengi besikhathi esizayo bazoba ngabanikazi bezinhlobo ezingandile.

Ubukhulu nesisindo

Tinkers zinkulu futhi ziphansi - kusuka kumamitha ayi-1,3 lapho ebuna ukuya kumamitha ayi-1,6. Ukuze ugibele, ungakhetha ihhashi elilungele ukukhula komgibeli.

E-United States, kuhlukaniswa ama-cobs ngobude:

• kufika ku-142 amasentimitha - amancane,
• Amasentimitha angu-142-155 - okuyisisekelo,
• ngenhla ngamasentimitha ayi-155 - omkhulu.

Isisindo se-cob yase-Ireland siyahlukahluka ngokuphakama. Abantu abangaphansi kwenani lesisindo basukela kuma-240 kilos. Isisindo esiphezulu se-tinker ephezulu ngamakhilogremu angama-700.

Ingaphandle

Izici zangaphandle ze-cob yase-Ireland:

• umzimba obukhulu
• amahlombe aqinile
• intamo eqondile eqondile
• inhloko enephrofayili eyindilinga eyindilinga nentshebe,
• izindlebe ezinde eziqondile
• imilenze enamathambo edolo,
• imilenze imbozwe izinwele ezinde, iwela ezinsikeni,
• awugqinsi, umsila we-wavy owenziwe kahle nomsila.

I-tinker iphansi futhi i-angular uma uyiqhathanisa nehhashi elinezinyawo ezinemilenze emincane yase-Arabia. Umbala wekhumba ukhumbuza inkomo. Imilenze yazo engemuva kwesinye isikhathi ihlelwe nencwadi ethi "X", njengezinkomo. Ama-Hooves afihlwe ngokuphelele ngoboya. Ama-Tinkers abonakala egqoke ibhulukwe lemvelo elivuthayo, ngenxa yalokho ahlotshaniswa nama-hippies, imvelo nempilo yama-gypsy.

Ngokuvamile, ama-tinkers abukeka njengamama edolobhana, kepha izinduna ezishisiwe nemisila ibanikeza ukubukeka okuhle, okuhle. Ama-Kobes empeleni abukeka eboshwe ngenqola, inqola edwetshwe njengamahhashi agibele amahhashi.

Isudi yezilwane

Isici esihlukanisayo sama-cobs ayo yonke imibala yizindawo ezimhlophe zesimo esingajwayelekile. Ama-Piebald tinkers ahlukaniswa ngohlobo:

• ngaphezulu - amabala atholakala ezinhlangothini, umbala omnyama kuyo yonke imilenze eminingana, umsila we-monophonic,
• I-Tobiano - imilenze elula, amabala esifubeni nasentanyeni, umsila uqukethe imicu ekhanyayo futhi emnyama, "inkanyezi" emnyama kwesinye isikhathi ihlobisa ibunzi elimnyama,
• I-Tovero - ingxube yezinhlobo zangaphambilini.

Kunama-tinkers amnyama, ibunzi, umbala obolile.

Isimo nolaka lwe-Irish Cob

Amahhashi e-Phlegmatic ayabekezelela umgibeli. Ukugibela ama-cobs kulula futhi kulula ukufunda, kepha ngokuhlangana kungabonakala kuvilapha. Ukuba khona kwama-tinkers kusebenza kumahhashi agibela izinzwa njenge-sedative, ngakho-ke ayiswa emiqhudelwaneni ndawonye.

Amaloli amakhulu we-Tinker awahlanganyeli emijahweni, njengoba ekhathele nge-gallop ngokushesha okungaka. Udinga ukuthuthukisa ijubane labo ekuqeqesheni kanzima. Kepha i-koby ngokwemvelo inekhono lokugxuma eliphakeme. Zihamba nge-gait ebanzi, ekhululekile, kepha ethambile.

Izindawo zokusatshalaliswa kanye nezindawo ezisetshenziselwa lolu hlobo

Ububanzi be-tinkers:

• ezemidlalo - ukushayela, ukugibela amahhashi, ukuqeqeshwa,
• ukuzijabulisa - ukubamba iqhaza kwimibukiso, imibukiso, amaholide wedolobha,
• izinto zokuzithokozisa - ukuzalanisa nokunakekela ikhaya,
• umuthi - i-hippotherapy,
• ezolimo zingamandla okusalungiswa.

Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yohlobo lwe-Ireland. Ihhashi eliwuhlaka lwe-gypsy lasakazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu, lithandwa kakhulu eNyakatho Melika. Isimo sezulu esibuthakathaka salelizwe sanyanyisa i-cob. Bazivumelanisa kahle emazweni afudumele nabandayo.

Izinzuzo kanye Nokuqukethwe kokuqukethwe

Okhokho bama-tinkers babehlala endle. Uhlobo lokuzala lwe-Gypsy luyathobeka kwizimo zokuboshwa. Izinzuzo ezingenakuphikwa ze-cob zifaka:

• ingaphandle elihle
• ubandlululo
• ukugijima bushelelezi
• ukuzola.

Ama-Gypsy mares anikeza ubisi oluningi. Etafuleni, eliqukethe izinhlobo eziningana, asetshenziswa njengomhlengikazi kwezinye izinyoni. Ngobisi, uhlamvu olusondelene lwe-cobas lidluliselwa kosanda kuzalwa. Izingane zabazali abagibele ngokweqile, abondliwe ubisi lwebele lase-Ireland, bakhula belalela ngokwengeziwe.

Okubi yilokhu:

Abafuyi bakhathazekile ngezinselo kanye ne-mane yamahhashi. Ukubonakala kwama-cobs kufanele kubhekelwe ngokucophelela.

Izitebele

Uma ama-tinkers abelana ngaleli gumbi nezinye izinhlobo, azodinga izitolo ezihlukile. Njengabantu bodwa abahlala esitebeleni, izitebele ezilula zizobafanela. I-stall for cob yase-Ireland kufanele ibe nezigaba ezintathu:

• igumbi lokuhamba
• igumbi lamanzi nezinqubo zezilwane,
• indawo enezitebele.

Yabela ngokwehlukana indawo yokugcina isitoreji, izinhlamvu kanye nemishini yokuhlanza.

Ubungako besitoreji buncike ngosayizi we-tinker. Amapharamitha ajwayelekile - 3x2.5 amamitha.

Izidingo zokuhlomisa esitebeleni:

• umoya omncane, ama-hoods - umoya omusha kufanele ungene egumbini, kodwa hhayi okusalungiswa,
• Ukushisa okuphakathi noma okokushisa - amahhashi afudumeza igumbi ngokwemvelo lifinyelela kuma-+8 degrees, ebusika obubandayo kuyadingeka ukufudumeza,
• okombhede - izitebele zaphansi noma izitebele zimbozwe ngotshani, sawdust, peat,
• amanzi - ukuphakelwa kwamanzi egumbini lokugcina izilwane kanye nezitsha zokuphuza ezizenzakalelayo.

Ukungcola kuguqulwa njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili. Okuphakelayo okususwayo kumisiwe ezingeni lesifuba sehhashi.

Ukudla

Ukudla okunempilo kwe-Tinker kufaka zonke izinhlobo zokuphakelayo:

• luhlaza - utshani bensimu obudliwa yizilwane ehlobo edlelo,
• umhlanga - hay, amakhoba ezitshalo zasentwasahlobo,
• ukugxila - okusanhlamvu,
• namanzi - izitshalo ezimpande,
• i-silage - sunflower, ummbila.

Izinga le-hay nsuku zonke lincike kusisindo sesilwane. Kumakhilogremu ayi-100 esisindo sinika ama-4 kilos womkhiqizo. I-hay iqukethe i-calcium, amaprotheni kanye ne-fiber. Isisekelo se-roughage ngama-oats ochotshoziwe nebhali. Isabelo sokusanhlamvu ekudleni kwansuku zonke kuya ngomsebenzi womzimba. Uma i-tinker ihamba amahora ama-2 ngosuku futhi ingahlanganyeli nokuzikhandla, kwanele ukuxuba ama-oats wonke notshani oqoshiwe ngokwesilinganiso sama-gramu angama-200 ngama-5 amalitha. Emithwalweni elula, amahhashi anikezwa amakhilogremu amabili wengxube ngosuku, ngemithwalo esindayo - amakhilogremu ayi-7.

Ngemithwalo esebenzayo nokujuluka, ama-tuners kudingeka adle amagremu angama-30 kasawoti etafuleni ngosuku ukubuyisela ibhalansi kasawoti wamanzi. Ama-cobs ase-Ireland ayasebenziseka abilisiwe, abilayo kanye namazambane aluhlaza, izaqathe ezingavuthiwe. Umthombo owengeziwe we-calcium ama-beets. ISilo sihlanganiswa ne-hay.

Isimo sokudla semihla ngemihla samahhashi we-gypsy sehlukaniswe ngama-reception ama-5 futhi sikhishwa ngasikhathi sinye. U-Kobov akufanele adakwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzivocavoca. Udinga ukulinda amahora ama-2 futhi unikeze amanzi ngezingxenye ezincane.

Ukuhlanzeka nokunakekelwa kwamahhashi

Ehlobo, ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa okusebenzayo, ama-tuners ahlanzwa ngamanzi afudumele. Ebusika, izinqubo zamanzi azenziwa. Uboya ezinhlangothini buhlanzwa nge-scraper. Imisila, umsila kanye nezinselo kuyancibilika. Ngaphambi kohambo, kungakuhle ukuthi ulobe amaqhubu wamahhashi, futhi ungafisi ukuphumula. Imayini nomsila kugezwa amahlandla ama-2 ngeviki nge-shampoo, isisetshenziswa sezinwele sisetshenziswa. Ama-Hooves wamahhashi angavuki amahhashi ahlanzwa ngegwegwe elikhethekile futhi axoshwe ngemuva kokuhamba emoyeni omusha. Amakhala wamakhokho futhi adinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile - udinga ukugeza uthuli ekhaleni bese ulesula.

Uklaba

Ehlobo, cob yase-Ireland ingagcinwa edlelo lamahhala. Emapulazini emihlambi, amahhashi ngokwawo athola ukudla emasimini. Ebusika, ukudla kwe-hay kulungiselelwe bona bese kubekwa eduze kwendawo yamadlelo.

Kungcono ama-cobs ebusika endaweni yokukhosela, futhi ehlobo angakhishwa endle. Amahhashi edlelo adinga ukuthi ayiswe endaweni yokunisela izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku, anikezwe okusanhlamvu nemifino, aqaphe isimo sezinselo.

Ukugoma nokuvikela izifo

Ungayigcina kanjani impilo yamakati:

• gcina imithetho yenhlanzeko,
• Gwema okusalungiswa esitebeleni
• yidla ngokuncoma udokotela wezilwane,
• hlola izindlebe zakho, amehlo namazinyo nsuku zonke,
• njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha uletha ihhashi ukuze lihlolwe ngokomzimba.

Izifo eziphambili lapho kwenziwa imigomo:

• i-anthrax,
• umkhuhlane
• i-rhinopneumonia,
• dermatophytosis,
• i-brucillosis
• i-tetanus
• amarabi.

Kanye ngonyaka, izilwane zidinga ukuhlolwa ama-glanders, i-anemia esithathelwanayo, ukugula okwenzeka ngengozi, i-leptospirosis.

Isizinda esingokomlando

Amahhashi ama-Gypsy (ama-harnesses ase-Irishi, ama-tinkers noma ama-kobes) angumphumela weminyaka eminingi yokuwela nokuguqula izinhlobo eziningi zemihlobo. I-Ireland ithathwa njengendawo okwazalelwa kuyo lezi zilwane, endaweni lapho izinhlobo zezindawo zamahhashi zasendaweni zaqala ukuwela khona nezinhlobonhlobo ezazilethwe yizizwe eziguqukayo - amaRoma noma amaGypsi.

Namuhla kunzima ukukhombisa isisekelo sofuzo lwama-tinkers. Kuyemukelwa jikelele ukuthi emithanjeni yabo igazi labameleli bezinkampani zase-Ireland, iScotland kanye nesiNgisi ziyageleza. Isikhathi eside, ngenxa “yezingxube” ezinkulu zofuzo, amahhashi awazange aqashelwe ngokusemthethweni.

Baqala ukuzibandakanya ngokugcwele ngalawa mahhashi asalungiswa muva nje, ngonyaka we-1996, lapho igwala eligama linguKushti Bok labhaliswa ngokusemthethweni. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuzalaniswa kwakheka ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule.

Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi izici eziphambili zohlobo lwe-gypsy zithonywe izici eziningi zangaphandle, ikakhulukazi:

• indlela yokuphila ngokungajwayelekile yama-gypsies kanye nesidingo sawo samahhashi amahhanisi,
• ubumpofu bamaRoma, ngenxa yokuthi amahhashi ayeqabukela ethola ukudla okujwayelekile futhi, ngenxa yalokho, azivumelanisa nezimo zemvelo.

Ngenxa yalokhu, amahhashi ohlobo oluchaziwe athola impilo enhle, ukungatheleleki okunamandla, ukukhuthazela nomthethosisekelo onamandla.

Izindleko ezimaphakathi

Ama-Tinkers aphakathi kwezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezibizayo emhlabeni. Izindleko zabo e-USA ngamadola ayizigidi eziyi-10-25. Ezindlini zokufundisa zaseYurophu, ungathenga ama-cobs ngentengo yama-euro ayizinkulungwane eziyisithupha. Kumanani ehhashi langaphandle udinga ukwengeza izindleko zokulethwa.

Ukuthenga kubanikazi abazimele kukuvumela ukonga ekulethweni futhi ungakhathazeki ngenhlalakahle yesilwane ngemuva kokuhamba isikhathi eside. Ngokwesimemezelo, ungathenga i-stallion encane ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-250. Abanini bezindlu zangasese baphinde banikele ngama-stallion wokuzalela ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10-20.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngohlobo lokuzalela

Ama-cobs ase-Ireland anomlando othakazelisayo, ukubukeka nokuziphatha:

• i-tinker yisidlaliso esilahliwe sama-gypsies. E-Ireland, amahhashi abizwa nge-cob kuphela, okusho "ihhashi eliqinile",
• kukhona ama-tuners anamehlo ansundu futhi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uma ibala elimhlophe ekhanda lisesweni, umbala we-iris uzokhanya,
• Ama-kobes ase-Ireland ahlelekile ngisho nasekubhikisheni. Imbokodo enenkani ayikwazi ukuqhekeka.

Okuhlukile akuyona kuphela okusalungiswa kwe-jypsy kuphela, kodwa futhi ne-cob ngayinye - ngenxa yephawu lezindawo ezingaphindi.

Ubuntu kanye nomlingisi wehhashi le-gypsy

Uhlobo lwamahhashi lwamaGypsy noma ngenye indlela abizwa ngayo ama-tinkers adalwa ngaphezu kweminyaka eminingi. Izwe lakubo yi-Ireland. Ama-Gypsies abelokhu edumile ngamakhono abo amahle kakhulu wokugibela amahhashi futhi wayazi okuningi ngamahhashi.

Ihhashi elihle le-gypsy kwakuwukufakazelwa kwemvelaphi yakhe, babeziqhenya ngabo. Ngenxa yeminyaka eminingi yemizamo yesizwe sama-gypsy, kuye kwavela lolu hlobo lwamahhashi oluyingqayizivele, oluhle futhi oluqinile.

Egazini gypsy amahhashi kunezinhlobo eziningi zaseBrithani. Isikhathi eside, amahhashi we-gypsy awazange abonwe njengohlobo olusemthethweni. Hhayi ngokusemthethweni lawo mahhashi abizwa nge- “cob”, okusho ukuthi: ihhashi eliphansi, elikhulu.

Sekuyisikhathi eside amaGypi ephila impilo eyindida, izinqola zawo, zithwele imithwalo emincane, zisuka ezindaweni ngezindawo, futhi ukudla kwekamu lamaGypsy bekungekho kuningi. Baqonda amahhashi, okokuqala, njengosebenza.

Amahhashi ayengenakho ukudla okuthile; adle konke akuthola eceleni kwemigwaqo, nokusalile kokudla kwabantu. Ukunakekelwa kwabo ngendlela efanele akuzange kubonwe, ngenxa yokuthi indlela yokuphila yama-gypsies ayizange ihlukaniswe yi-aristocracy. Ngokuphathelene nakho konke lokhu, i-tinker-koba iba nzima kakhulu hhayi izilwane ezithanda ukuzwakala ekudleni nasimweni sezulu.

Ngo-1996, i-foal yabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni, eyayibizwa ngokuthi uKushti Bok. Nguyena owaba isithunywa sokuqala salolu hlobo oluhle kakhulu lokuzala. Namuhla, ama-tinky ama-gypsy athola ukuthandwa okusebenzayo emhlabeni wonke.

Ukubheka isithombe samahhashi gypsy akekho ongakusiza kodwa uqaphele imfudu yazo enkulu, i-mane enhle nenhle, imilenze ye-shaggy. Ama-Tinkers aphakathi kwamahhashi ambalwa amangalisayo emhlabeni. Izithombe zabo zivusa umuzwa wenhlonipho ovela kuma-amateurs nabaphrofeshinali.

IGypsy okusalungiswa kwehhashi naphezu kobukhulu bayo obuhlaba umxhwele unomlingiswa opholile futhi olinganiselayo ngendlela emangalisayo. Akavezi ulaka kumuntu, baqeqeshiwe kahle futhi akukho nzima ukukunakekela nokunakekela. Kungakho kuhle kubaqalayo, kepha yize kunomzimba osindayo, ama-tinkers angabantu abahle kakhulu.

Ama-mares asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa nokwondla izinyoni. Ama-mares anomlingiswa opholile kakhulu kunamahhashi we-gypsy. Amahhashi ama-Gypsy abizwa ngokuthi awendawo yonke, njengoba efanelana nazo zonke izigaba zabantu, kusukela ezinganeni kuya kochwepheshe.

Incazelo yehhashi lokuzala le-gypsy

Ihhashi le-gypsy linemakhanda aqinile futhi acijile ekhanda, izindlebe ezinde, intamo eqinile futhi nentshebe encane. Amahlombe, isifuba nemilenze iqine kakhulu, iqinile futhi inemisipha. I-mane lush ne-bangs, kanye nemilenze inezinhlaka ezinhle zezinwele endaweni eshaywayo.

Umbala wamahhashi uvame ukuba nsundu kakhulu ngamabala amhlophe, lapho kuvela khona amabala amhlophe, lo mbala ubizwa ngokuthi yi-pegimus. Amahhashi eGypsy ayatholakala nangeminye imibala, kepha lokhu kuvame kakhulu.

Amahhashi asindayo e-gypsy ekukhuleni esiphezulu sifinyelela ku-1,6 m, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ukukhula kungamamitha ayi-1.35. Imfuneko ejwayelekile yokujwayelekile akuyona ukuphambuka ekukhuleni.

Ukudla kwamahhashi eGypsy

Ukudla okufanele kwehhashi kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, impilo nobuhle besilwane kuncike kulokhu. Ihhashi kumele limukele amaprotheni, i-calcium kanye namavithamini D, B, C. emzimbeni ngokudla.

Kuzoba wusizo ukubanikeza izaqathe noma ishukela beet. Nsuku zonke, ezingxenyeni ezincane, amahhashi kufanele anikezwe izilimo ezinembewu (i-oats, ibhali, ummbila, njll.) Kuhlanganiswa izitshalo eziningana ngasikhathi sinye. Ehlobo, utshani obujwayelekile bendawo buzoba usizo kakhulu ehhashini.

Ekudleni kwanoma yiliphi ihhashi, kufanele ufake usawoti wethebula ongu-30 g. nsuku zonke (amahhashi ane nokugeleza okusebenzayo futhi usawoti ushiya umzimba kanye nawo). Lokhu kwephula ibhalansi kasawoti wamanzi, okungathinta kabi impilo yesilwane.

Ihhashi liyojabula uma umnika ucezu kashukela ngendlela yokwelapha, futhi futhi ngeke anqabe ukugcoba isinkwa croutons. Ukunaka! Ungawaniki amahhashi onakalisiwe, awondlayo obondayo, kanye nokudla okuqukethe amakhambi anobuthi. Ukwehluleka ukulandela imithetho yokuphaka nokondleka okungondlekile kungaholela ekufeni kwesilwane.

Kuyadingeka ukunisela ihhashi nsuku zonke kathathu ngosuku. Esikhathini esishisayo noma ngemuva komsebenzi omkhulu, phuza izikhathi ezi-5 noma ezi-6 ngosuku. Ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa noma ukuhamba, ihhashi alikwazi ukuniselwa. Kunconywa ukulinda i-1.5, amahora ama-2. Kunconywa ukuhambisa kahle ihhashi ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zokudla.

Indaba

Izizwe zeza ezingxenyeni zaseYurophu zivela eMbusweni waseByzantine, manje lawa ngamazwe aseBalkan Peninsula naseTurkey. Izinsuku ngqo zalo mcimbi azaziwa, njengoba abama-nomads bengazange banikeze imininingwane ebhaliwe yomlando wabo nezincwadi zamahhashi.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-15, abantu abangamaGypsy bafika emkhakheni weBrithani wanamuhla, ngakho-ke, umkhondo wohlobo lwesiNgisi wasala ezinhlotsheni zamahhashi:

• indawo ephakeme
• Phelp
• shire
• gummed.

Ekugcineni, lohlobo lwakhiwa endaweni eyiqhingi yase-Ireland. Isikhathi eside wabizwa ngokuthi i-cob, elihunyushwa lisuka esiNgisini - ihhashi eliqinile, eliphansi. Kamuva eNetherlands naseJalimane, igama elithi Tinker, isidlaliso esinganakwa se-gypsy, seluthathe izimpande.

Ama-Hippologists afunda ngamahhashi e-gypsy maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, lapho inani lamahhashi angajwayelekile e-USA. Kodwa-ke, yaqashelwa futhi yabhaliswa kuphela ngonyaka we-1996, igama elisemthethweni lohlobo lokuzalwa amahhashi ayi-gypsy okusalungiswa.

Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwehhashi le-gypsy

Kuyadingeka ukuthi ihhashi lakheke i-stall enkulu futhi ivulekile, ifakwe ama-feed ezikhethekile neziphuzo. Umswakama endaweni yokudlela kufanele okungenani ube ngu-80%.

1. Qiniseka ukuthi ubheka inhlanzeko yesitolo. Ukuze uhlanze isitolo kuyadingeka ukuthatha ihhashi ungene emgwaqweni, uhlanze igumbi lokuphakelwa nomquba, futhi ususe abaphuzayo. Shanela phansi ngokuphelele futhi ubuyekeze ngokucophelela wonke amakhona. Geza phansi ngamanzi kanye nama-ejenti wokuhlanza. Zinike isikhathi sokomisa ikamelo. Ukubeka hay. Bese ubeka yonke into endaweni yayo bese uqala ihhashi.Udoti wehhashi nsuku zonke udinga ukubeka ohlanzekile.

2. Ihashi kufanele lihlanzwe futhi ligaye nsuku zonke. Kunconywa ukuthenga ama-combs amabili: ngama-bristles alukhuni futhi athambile. Kuyadingeka ukuqala ukuhlanza kusuka ekhanda bese ushintsha kahle uye emuva, inqubo efanayo okumele yenziwe ngakolunye uhlangothi.

3. Ukunakekela izinselo kuyadingeka. Ngaphambi nangemva kokuhamba, udinga ukuhlanza izinselo ngethayela elikhethekile, ngaleyo ndlela ukhiphe ukungcola okungadingekile ezinsikeni. Ngokwesayensi, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuthandwa. Ubambe umlenze wesilwane ngobumnene, gobela edolweni bese uxubha izinselo. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele usondele ehhashini ohlangothini lomsila. Ihhashi kumele libone umnikazi walo, lingakhipha ngokwesaba.

4. Uma kunesidingo, geza ihhashi usebenzisa umshini okhethekile. Amanzi kufanele apholile kancane ukuze ihhashi laneliswe yile nqubo. Ehlobo lamahhashi, kuyisiko ukugeza emanzini avulekile.

5. Kunconywa ukunikeza ihhashi ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba nsuku zonke noma ukuhamba nje okude.

Intengo yamahhashi e-Gypsy

Ihhashi le-Gypsy lingenye yamahhashi abiza kakhulu emhlabeni. Gypsy amahhashi onthengisa beka amanani aphakeme amnandi, kepha bakufanele impela.

Ukuthenga ihhashi le-gypsy harness, udinga ukukhokha kusuka ku- $ 10,000 kuya ku- $ 25,000. Intengo yokugcina incike eminyakeni yehhashi, izimpande zalo zokusuka, umbala, izimfanelo zokusebenza kanye nangaphandle kwangaphandle.

Ukubuyekezwa kwehhashi le-gypsy

Kade ngikuthanda ukugibela amahhashi isikhathi eside, kodwa ngamangala kakhulu lapho ngiqala ukubona ihhashi le-gypsy esithombeni. Ngabe sengifunda ngafunda okuningi ngaye. Uyisidalwa esimangalisayo nje.

Impela, kubiza kakhulu, futhi angikwazi ukuthola ihhashi elinjalo, kepha kumahhashi amaningi, ukukhetha kwami ​​kwaba kuye. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ukuhlangana kwami ​​nehhashi le-gypsy okusalungiswa kuzokwenzeka esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.

Uhlamvu lwehhashi le-Gypsy

Amahhashi ama-Gypsy a-phlegmatic azolile, abafuyi bancoma ngezikhathi ezithile ukukopela, kunciphisa isilwane. Ama-mares ajwayele ukukhangwa izinyamazane zezinye izinhlobo ngenhlobo enobudlova.

Amahhashi ahamba nge-gait ethambile, abe abangane abahle kakhulu ekugibeleni amahhashi angenamuntu, kuyilapho abaqeqeshi bezokugibela kuqala. Esithombeni - ukugibela amahhashi ngamahhashi e-gypsy.

Izilwane zikhuthazelela ngokuqinile uhambo olude ngomthwalo osindayo, ukuqeqeshwa okuthuthukisiwe. Bayashesha ukufunda, hhayi inkani futhi hhayi capricious. Ilingana ngokulinganayo ngokuhamba ngehhanisi futhi ngaphansi kwesibopho.

Izici zokunakekelwa nokunakekelwa

Ukuphakelwa kuyacetshiswa ngamavithamini wamaqembu B, D, C, calcium. Ekuhambeni nasekuqeqesheni, izilwane ziyajuluka, zilahlekelwe uketshezi, ngakho-ke usawoti ungezwa ekudleni, cishe ama-30 g ngosuku. Umgcini wenza umbuso wokudla uqobo, kuya ngomthwalo wehhashi ongokomzimba.

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kohlobo lweTinker

Amahhashi we-Tinker, njengabo bonke abanye, anezinhlangothi zawo ezinhle nezingezinhle. Umuntu onquma ukuqala ukuzalanisa lamahhashi anjalo kufanele azijwayeze nawo wonke amaphuzu ezithelo nezinzuzo ukuze enze isinqumo esinolwazi. Amaphoyinti amahle:

1. Into yokuqala phakathi kwazo zonke izinzuzo kungabandakanywa. Iqiniso ngukuthi awaningi kakhulu amahhashi anjalo: inani lamazwe ahlukahlukene omhlaba afaka inani elincane kuphela lamahhashi we-tinker. Kumnikazi, ihhashi elinjalo lizoba ngumngane omkhulu nomngane, kanye nesifaniso esingajwayelekile nesikhathi sokuqhosha ngomngane onemilenze emine phambi kwabangane.
2. Phakathi kwezimfanelo ezinhle, kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uqaphele ukubukeka (noma ingaphandle) lehhashi. Ihhashi elinjalo linokubukeka okukhangayo, ukuma okuziqhenyayo nokuhle, kanye nezinwele ezibushelelezi, okwenza ihhashi eliyi-gypsy libe yisinqumo esihle sokuthandeka. Amahhashi anjalo abukeka kahle ngeharity evamile.
3. Ama-Tinkers anezinsimbi ezithambile, ezikhuluma futhi lapho futhi ukuthi kulula ukusetshenziswa kwazo lapho ugibela ihhashi noma wenza iqembu.
4. Isimo esizolile nesinokuthula samahhashi sinika ama-gypsy harnesses ubuhle obungeziwe. Ukubukeka kwasendle, kuhlangene nomusa nokukhononda komlingiswa kwenza ama-tinkers abe yindlela enhle kakhulu yezifundo zokugibela.
5. Ukulula nokuqukethwe kwezindleko eziphansi. Lokhu kuzalaniswa, ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo yomlando, kuthanda kakhulu ukudla nezimo ehlobo noma ebusika. Into ebalulekile ukuphatha izilwane ezifuywayo ngothando nokufudumala okufanele.

I-Tinker ihhashi elihle, kepha futhi inephutha. Lokhu kuzalanisa kunezihibe zazo, okufanele kugxilwe kuzo:

1. Izindleko eziphakeme. Lokhu kudumaza abafuyi abaningi bamahhashi ekutholeni ihhashi lokuzalela le-gypsy. Okwamanje, amahhashi asezingeni lokuthandwa, elikhulisa okufunwayo, futhi, futhi, ngentengo.
2. Ayifanelekele umjaho. Yize amahhashi we-gypsy harness elungile ukugibela, ukudala amahhanisi nokusula okulula, awakufanele ngokuphelele umjaho wamahhashi.

Singasho ukuthi i-tinker ihhashi lomhlaba wonke. Lokhu kuzalaniswa, yize kubiza kakhulu, kuthambekele ekunakekelweni komsoco nokunakekelwa kwemvelo futhi akudingi amasiko akhethekile. Izilwane zinezinselo ezinamandla (lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-gypsies anesimo esingesihle sokwenza izicathulo zamahhashi awo), ubuhle obumangalisayo be-mane nomsila. Ihhashi elinjalo libhekwa njengomngane omkhulu wezingane nabadala, ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwalo nobungane.

Zonke izinzuzo ezingaphezu kokukhokha ngokubakhona kwamaminithi amabili amancane. Into esemqoka ukuthatha isinqumo ngenhloso yokuthenga. Uma umsebenzi oyinhloko ukubamba iqhaza emjahweni wamahhashi nemidlalo, iTinker ngeke ibe yisinqumo esihle kakhulu, kodwa ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu, ukugibela amahhashi noma nje ukugcina ipulazi, i-cob yase-Ireland iyindlela enhle.

Izici eziyinhloko zokuzalela

Ukuphakama: kuyehluka ngokwanele: kusuka ku-1.35 m kuya ku-1.6 m.

Isudi: ingxenye enkulu - i-piebald, kepha kuneminye imibala. Ngaphezulu imbozwe izindawo ezimhlophe. Ngaphansi kwejazi eliphambili, isikhumba, njengomthetho, ngimpunga, futhi ngaphansi kwengubo emhlophe kupinki.

Ingaphandle: iphrofayli eligcinwe emuva, ikhanda elithile eliqinile elinamadlebe amade, intamo eqinile, nentshebe encane. Ubunama obuncane, amahlombe aqinile futhi aqinile. Imilenze eqinile neqinile enezinselo eziqinile. Emilenzeni kukhona ama-friezes amade amangazayo. Kwesinye isikhathi imilenze yangemuva ibonakala ngokuthi "inkomo esethiwe." Umsila, ama-bangs ne-mane kugcwele futhi kuminyene.

Ukusetshenziswa: amahhashi asemhlabeni. Izilonda zingasetshenziswa kokubili ekuhlanganiseni ihhanisi nangesihlalo sehadi. Ama-mares asetshenziswa njengabahlengikazi bezinyoni zezinhlobo zokuzalela ezigcwele kahle. Ama-cob mares e-Ireland anobisi oluningi futhi anomqondo opholile, onomphumela onenzuzo kuhlobo lwezilwane ezisanda kuzalwa.

Izici: Impilo yama-gypsies eyisimanga yashiya uphawu lwayo kuma-tinkers - aba namandla, azithobeki futhi aqine. Amahhashi okusalungiswa kwe-Gypsy anama-gait athambile, athambile kakhulu. Bangama-jumpers amahle kakhulu.

Izici zangaphandle zohlobo

Amahhashi okuqalwa kwe-Gypsy adume ngobude bawo obude, obukhulu, kwesinye isikhathi obugobile kanye nomsila.

Ama-Tinkers anokuhlukahluka okukhulu ngaphakathi kokuzalela, kepha kusenezinto ezithile ezivamile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-Irish cobs. Okokuqala, umzimba oqinile nosayizi omncane. Umbala ungaba yimuphi, kepha i-piebald ivame ukwenzeka. Amahhashi okuqalwa kwe-Gypsy adume ngobude bawo obude, obukhulu, ngezinye izikhathi obuthontelana kanye nomsila, kanye namabhulashi amahle kakhulu emilenzeni yabo amboze ngokuphelele izinselo futhi aqale kusukela ekujuleni. Kwisimo sezulu esibi nokungcolile, amabhulashi avikela imilenze yezinyama.
Izinga lokuzalela lithi: "ikhukhamba langempela kufanele libe nokuhamba, njengehabhu, linamabhulashi emilenzeni yalo, njengama-shires noma ama-glue knuckles, inhloko efana ne-cob yaseWales."
E-USA, ama-tinkers ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu ama-3: "mini-Gypsy" - amahhashi okuthi ubude bawo bungadluli ku-1.42 m, "classic Gypsy" - ukusuka ku-1.42 m kuya ku-1.55 m kanye ne "Grand Gypsy" - abamele uhlaka lwe-gypsy olusuka ku-1.55 m kuya ngaphezulu.

Izici zomlingiswa nezinhlamvu

Ama-Tinkers anamahhashi azolile futhi ahle kakhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi kukhulu kakhulu - kunzima kakhulu ukubakhuthaza. Ukuqina kwe-Gypsy kuyisinqumo esihle kubagibeli abaqalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emijahweni yama-racing hippodromes, ama-kobes anethezanayo futhi athobekile aphelezela amahhashi asezingeni emabhokisini okuqala, awathulisa ngaphambi kokuqala komncintiswano. Ama-Tinker mares asetshenziswa kaningi njengabahlengikazi bezinyoni zamahhashi ezingenasici ikakhulukazi ngoba intukuthelo yabo ithobekile kakhulu kunesimo samahhashi angenasici.

Ukubukeka nomzimba

Njengoba amawashi abhekwa njengenye yoyisemkhulu yama-tinkers, amahhashi anamuhla e-gypsy awakwazi ukuziqhayisa ngesimo esiphakeme. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukuphakama kwabo emaphepheni kuyahlukahluka kusuka ku-135 kuya ku-160 cm. Izilwane ezinokuphakama okungama-155 cm zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “ama-grandees”, ukusuka ku-142 kuye ku-155 cm - “iklasikhi”, futhi ngaphansi kuka-142 cm - “mini”.

Ngokuqondene nenqwaba yamahhashi, ingasukela ku-240 iye kuma-700 kg. Umehluko omkhulu kangako phakathi kwamanani achaziwe, futhi, ngesimo semvelo esihlanganisiwe sosisekelo sofuzo futhi kuyinto esejwayelekile. AmaKoby angaphandle amangalisa ngokwedlulele. Zihlukaniswa ngumzimba onamandla, futhi owakhiwe kahle onamandla, lapho i-corset eqinile yemisipha ibonakala kahle khona, inomzimba oqinile, kodwa ongachithi isikhathi eside, ogeleza kahle ungene endaweni ephakeme.

Lezi zilwane zinomunyu omncane, onomusa, kepha ngasikhathi sinye onamandla, intamo eminyene, ikhanda eliqinile kancane, ikhanda elikhulu nezindlebe ezinde. Isici esiyingqayizivele sabamele uhlobo lohlobo oluchaziwe ukuba khona kwentshebe encane ehlanzekile etholakala ngaphansi komhlathi ongezansi.

Abamele lo mfutho unezinwele zikanokusho ngempela, abushelelezi, abucwebezelayo kanye nomsila ofanayo. Izinyawo zazo ezinkulu zimbozwe ngentambo enhle kakhulu yezinwele. Umbala wama-cobbs uphethwe yi-pinto - ukukhanya, noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umzimba omnyama umbozwe ngezindawo zombala ohlukile. Kodwa-ke, imvamisa ungathola amahhashi eminye imibala.

Imikhuba nemikhuba

Naphezu kwangaphandle kwawo anamandla, aqine futhi acashile kancane, amahhashi azalanayo ane-gypsy anomoya ozolile, onokuthula, noma ophansi kancane, okwenza sikwazi ukuwasebenzisa ekufundeni ukugibela. Bayathula, banobungane, bashesha ukujwayela abantu, baphendule kahle ezinganeni ezincane.

Ngenxa yalolu hlobo, izilwane zilula ukuphatha futhi ziqeqeshe. Ama-Tinker mares asetshenziswa kaningi njengabahlengikazi bezingane zezinyoni zamahhashi, ngoba ama-mares ahlanzekile, ngenxa yesimo sawo esinodlame, ngokuvamile anenqaba ukondla amawundlu awo.

Bheka futhi izici zezinhlobo zamahhashi:

Sebenzisa

Ngokuvamile, ama-kobes ase-Ireland abonakala njengamahhashi aqinile, azolile, anothando futhi anganciphisi okuyinto enhle yokuhlanganisa nokugibela. Ama-Tinkers adume ngobuhlakani bawo obulungile bo "gait" nekhono lokugxuma elihle kakhulu.

Amahhashi ase-Ireland asendaweni yonke, asetshenziswa kabanzi:

• ukugibela amahhashi
• ukuhlanganisa
• ukulima epulazini
• ukuvuselelwa kwabantu abaphethwe yizifo ezahlukahlukene.

Uhlobo oluchaziwe lokuzalela kwamahhashi kuzoba inketho enhle kakhulu kokubili abafuyi bamahhashi abangochwepheshe, nakulabo abaqala nje ukuzijwayela kwalezi zilwane ezimangalisayo nezinomusa.

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi

• Amahhashi okuqalwa kwe-Gypsy anezinzuzo eziningana, phakathi kwalapho inothi labazalisi bamahhashi abanolwazi:
• amandla, umthethosisekelo oqinile, ubukhulu
• ukuthula, ukulinganisela, ukuthula
• muhle, ubukeka muhle
• ukungathobeki kokudla okunempilo nokunakekelwa,
• lula futhi kube lula ukuqeqeshwa nokuqeqeshwa,
• izakhiwo zokusebenza kwendawo yonke, okungenzeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe ngaphansi kwebhadi nesixhobo sokuhlanganisa,
• okuthambile, okuhle okuhle.

• Kodwa-ke, ukuzalela ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezithile:
• izindleko eziphakeme zokuzalela amahhashi,
• izimfanelo zesivinini eliphansi samahhashi,
• uhlamvu lwe-phlegmatic.

Ngaphandle kokulondolozwa okunganciphisi, ukuze kulondolozwe impilo enhle nenhlala-kahle yalolu hlobo lwamahhashi, kudingeka ahlele izimo ezinethezekile.

Ukuzondla okufanele

Ukudla kwamahhashi we-gypsy kuzonqunywa kakhulu ngomsebenzi wawo, kanye nesikhathi sonyaka.

Esikhathini esifudumele, okuphakelayo okuluhlaza kanye nemifino emisha kufanele kube kuqala ekudleni kwezilwane:

Ngenkathi ebandayo, amahhashi adliwa ngotshani, ukuxubaniswa okusanhlamvu - i-oats, ummbila, ukudla okuhlanganisiwe, okuphekwe ngemifino. Qiniseka ukuthi ufake phakathi imenyu ebusika i-vithamini kanye nama-mineral complexes asuselwa kuvithamini B, D, C kanye ne-calcium. Zonke izinsuku, kufanele uphathe ama-tinkers ngengxenye encane, engu-30 g, kasawoti, ekuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele ibhalansi yomzimba wamanzi.

Ngesikhathi somsebenzi ophakeme, ukuqeqeshwa noma ukuhamba kwamahhashi kufanela kakhulu futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kulahlekelwa umswakama omningi. Ukuvikela ukomisa, kuyadingeka ukunikeza amahhashi ase-Ireland ukufinyelela kwamahhala emanzini.

Ama-Tinkers angamahhashi amahle amahle, anomusa futhi azolile, namuhla athandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Bahlukaniswa yangaphandle engafani, ukukhuthazela, ukuqina komzimba omkhulu, futhi ngasikhathi sinye futhi abakukhethi ngokuphelele ekudleni nokunakekelwa, bangabameli abahamba phambili bokugibela.