Manje ama-koalas ahlala e-Australia kuphela - hhayi yonke indawo, kepha engxenyeni eseningizimu mpumalanga yezwekazi. Ngaphandle, afana namawundlu amancane: ahlala ngezinwele ezimfishane zombala ompunga noma obomvu obomvu, omncane oyindilinga, onamehlo angaboni, ekhaleni eliqanda okuyisigaxa, umsila omfishane nezindlebe ezinkulu ezinde ezibanzi ezinezinwele ezinde emaphethelweni.
Umlando ukuthuthukiswa uhlobo
Lezi koalas manje zingenye yezimpawu zase-Australia, futhi lapho abokufika abavela eYurophu bebaxosha masinyane e-Australia futhi bacishe bababhubhisa ngenxa yobuhle obungajwayelekile bengubo yabo ethambile yoboya obunamasentimitha amathathu oboya. Kepha lezi zilwane zavela ezweni elingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-30 ezedlule, futhi ngokwezinkolelo zabantu bendawo abangama-Aborigine, nabo bake baba ngabantu.
Kanjani isilwane: version Aboriginal
Izinganekwane ezidumile zama-Aborigine endawo zilandisa ngomfana oyintandane uKub-Bor (Marsupial Bear), okuthi, yize izihlobo zakhe eziseduze zamkhulisa, bebengamthandi ngempela, ngakho-ke bahlala bemcaphukisa. Umfana wafundiswa ukusinda ehlathini futhi athole ukudla. Ngakho-ke, ukudla akazange abe nezinkinga, kodwa amanzi kwakunzima, njengoba Cours Bor njalo womile.
Lapho bonke abantu abadala behamba beyozingela futhi beqoqa ukudla, bakhohlwa ukufihla amabhakede ngamanzi, ingane ibabona - futhi kancane kancane baphuza konke okuphakathi, bashiya isizwe singenamanzi. Emva kwalokho wakhwela eucalyptus futhi waqala ukucula ngokunamandla ngengoma, lapho umuthi, owawuphezu kwesihlalo sakhe, waqala ukukhula ngokushesha okukhulu, kwathi kusihlwa kwavela ukuthi kukhulu kakhulu kulo lonke ihlathi. Bese wabuya daeny (abomdabu).
Abatholanga amanzi, kepha bathola ingane icashe eucalyptus enkulu. Ekuqaleni abakwazanga ukuthola i-Kur-Bora, ngoba amagatsha esihlahla esikhulu ayephakeme kakhulu. Kodwa-ke bobabili wakwazi kufanele ukugibela esihlahleni. Umfana wabanjwa yibo, washaywa phezulu kwesihlahla, waphonswa phansi.
Ngokwemvelo, uKur-Bor washayeka waze wafa. Kodwa lapho abantu bendawo beza kuye, babona ukuthi umfana kancane kancane waqala iphenduke i-koala. Lapho usuqede ukuguqulwa, lesi silwane saphila, sagijimela eucalyptus sakhuphuka.
Ngamazwi okugcina ezwe ama-daenas avela ku-koala, ukuthi uma yena ne-ilk yakhe bebulewe ukuze badle, uzodinga ukupheka kuphela. Uma kukhona ongalaleli, kusukela isilwane esifile izidumbu ezikhishwe umoya wakhe futhi kanzima necala - woza isomiso enjalo, ukuthi akunakuba ukusinda futhi abantu noma izilwane. Kuzosinda ama-koalas kuphela, lapho umswakama uzokwanela ngokwanele, oqukethwe amaqabunga eucalyptus.
AmaKoalas uqobo, ngokwezinkolelo zama-Aborigine, awakaze aphuze amanzi kusukela lapho. ukhokho wawo, ungumuntu, baphuza amaningi kuwo. Le nkolelo yavela ngesizathu esisodwa esilula: ngaphambili, cishe akekho umuntu owake wabona lezi zilwane endaweni yokunisela.
Isayensi Yesayensi
Kukholakala ukuthi kwakukhona nomndeni ngamakhophi angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-30 koalas. Eminyakeni eminingi edlule, futhi kukhona okungenani eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili zinhlobo (futhi abanye babo ababeyikho koalas izikhathi amathathu ngaphezulu). Kepha izilwane "zesimanje", zincane kakhulu. Iminyaka yabo ifinyelela eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-15 kuphela.
BaseYurophu abathole le isilwane ekuqaleni kwawo-19 leminyaka. Lezi kwakuyizinsalela ze-koala ezitholakala kumdabu. Isikhulu u-Barralier, owabathola, wabaphuza ngokweqile futhi wabathumela ku-Governor waseNew South Wales. Ngemva konyaka, budebuduze Sydney wabanjwa yena esincelisayo encane.
Ekuqaleni, ama-koalas atholakala kuphela eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Australia, kanye naseningizimu yezwekazi (kodwa lapho aqothulwa ngokushesha ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 elandela inzuzo). Kukholakala ukuthi lezi zilwane bezihlala entshonalanga yezwe, njengoba kufakazelwa yizinsalela ezitholakala lapho.
Zinhlobo isici
Ososayensi namanje abakwazanga ukunquma ngokusobala ukuthi hlobo luni lwezilwane ezihlala e-Australia. Ekuqaleni bekukholelwa ukuthi kwakuyi-panda noma ibhere, lapho-ke kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthi isihlobo sakhe kwakungu-wombat, i-kangaroo noma i-inclumum (bonke, njenge-koala, ama-marsupials ama-herbivorous). Kodwa uma ubuhlobo isesekhona, ugcine ithrekhi izimpande zabo ngenkathi abacwaningi abakwazanga.
Ngakho-ke, banquma ukubheka ama-koalas wesimanje okuwukuphela komuntu omelele umndeni womndeni we-koalov, okhetha ukuhlala nokuhamba kuphela ngezihlahla, noma ngabe kunesidingo ungakhetha enye indlela.
Izici zezilwane
Ngu uqobo, i-koala - naphakathi isilwane esincane. Isisindo sowesilisa omkhulu ovela engxenyeni eseningizimu yezwekazi ngamakhilogremu ayishumi nanhlanu, kuthi owesimame ukusuka enyakatho angamakhilogremu ayishumi. Ubude obujwayelekile be-koala yabantu abadala buba ngamasentimitha angamashumi ayisishiyagalombili.
ingalali marsupial ezihlahleni amahora amabili ngosuku. Umsebenzi onamandla uholela ebusuku, ukhuphuka eziqongweni ufuna amaqabunga. Ntambama, noma isilwane siphapheme, sihlala singagudluki noma silele, sanga i-eucalyptus ngezidladla zayo.
Isilwane sinezici ezithakazelisayo ukuthi iyahlule nezinye izilwane, ngoba ngawo kanye isibaluli enomqondo ngabanye.
Ama-Koala paws alungele ukugibela izihlahla futhi avumele umuntu omdala ukuba abambe amagatsha ezihlahla ngaphandle kwezinkinga, nengane ibambelele emhlane kamama. Isilwane silala kuphela nge-eucalyptus, sibopha isihlahla siqine ngovalo lwaso:
- Ingabe koalas on the imilenze front kukhona iminwe emibili ukuziqonda esilinganayo kancane ngaphandle abanye,
- Eminye iminwe emithathu isebhulashi,
- Yonke iminwe esembontshweni inezinhlaka eziqinile kakhulu,
- Thumb uzipho kwi-koala unyawo has (ngokungafani nezinye ezine).
- Yonke iminwe ye-koala inezigxivizo zeminwe ezikhumbuza kakhulu abantu.
Amazinyo esilwane enzelwe ukuhlafuna otshanini. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-bezihlahla abe insingo futhi kusheshe usike amaqabunga. Amanye amazinyo ayagaya, kanti umgodi obanzi wokuwahlukanisa uwahlukanisa nezisusa.
Ingqondo nokushaya okusheshayo
Maye, koalas yesimanje eziwubuwula. Uma ubuchopho bokhokho babo bugcwalise ngokuphelele umthambo wogebhezi, khona-ke izilwane ezasinda kuze kube namuhla, zincane kakhulu. Ngokomunye umbono, lokhu kwabangelwa ukuthi ama-koalas adla ikakhulukazi amaqabunga namahlamvu we-eucalyptus, aqukethe amandla amancane kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, i-koala ingqondo zanamuhla% 1.2 kuphela isisindo sabo inani amaphesenti amane ngalo ingaphakathi cranial egcwele cerebrospinal fluid. Ukuntuleka kobuhlakani kuthinta kabi impilo yezilwane uqobo. Isibonelo, ukujwayela ukufuna insindiso ezihlahleni, ababoni ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi kunesidingo sokuba ubasuse bese uphunyuka emlilweni. Esikhundleni salokho, uvalwe kuya Eucalyptus kuphela.
Isimilo
UKoala isilwane esizolile ngokweqile. Ulala kusuka emahoreni ayi-18 kuye kwangama-20 ngosuku, sonke isikhathi asichitha ekudleni. Koala uhlala esihlahleni, futhi phansi ngokuyisisekelo kuphela ukuya kwenye zikagamthilini, lapho abakwazi ngena emoyeni.
Ukusuka eucalyptus kuya eucalyptus, bagxuma kalula futhi ngokuzethemba. Uma sebethathe isinqumo sokubaleka, bayakwazi ngisho nokuya endaweni ephansi ye-peppy ukugibela isihlahla esiseduze.
Umsoco
Ngokuphathelene yokuhamba kancane koala alikho izwe liphathwe ibutho lezempi, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yamandla ayo. Udla kuphela amahlumela namaqabunga esihlahla se-eucalyptus. I-metabolabolism kuma-koalas ihamba kancane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo (ngaphandle kwama-wombats nama-sloths) - lesi sici sinxephezela ukungondleki okwanele kwamaqabunga eucalyptus.
Umbuzo othi kungani koalas uthanda amaqabunga kagamthilini, bekhungathekile eziningi. Ngoba amaqabunga eucalyptus awagcini nje kuphela futhi aqukethe amaprotheni amancane, kodwa futhi anezakhi eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-phenolic ne-terpene ngisho ne-hydrocyanic acid, enobuthi obukhulu cishe kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo.
Kepha ama-koalas, ubuthi obulalayo obungena emgudwini wegazi obuqhamuka emathunjini emathunjini bungatatanyiswa ngokuphelele yisibindi. Izilwane abe cecum eside kakhulu - amamitha cishe izingalo ezimbili nengxenye (indoda - akukho kweziyisishiyagalombili amasentimitha). Kukuyo lapho kudayiswa khona ukudla okunobuthi. Emathuneni ama-koalas, kunamagciwane amaningi acubungula amaqabunga abe yizimbotshana ezigaya ukudla koalas.
Ngosuku we ingadli isilwane mayelana eyodwa kilogram amaqabunga, le igedle ezinselweni ngokucophelela. Futhi ngokuthabisisayo, isisindo esidingekayo sigcinwa emaphaketheni esihlathini.
AmaKoalas awadli amaqabunga kuyo yonke imithi: iphunga lawo elihle kakhulu likuvumela ukuthi ukhethe lezo zitshalo kuphela lapho kunezinhlanganisela ezinobuthi ezimbalwa. Ngakho-ke kusukela zinhlobo eziyisishiyagalombili zikagamthilini koalas udle ikhulu namashumi amabili kuphela. Futhi lapho ikhala labo libatshela ukuthi ukudla sekuyingozi kakhulu, bayahamba bayobheka enye i-eucalyptus efanele bona (uma ama-koalas engakwazanga ukuguqula isihlahla ngesikhathi, babevame ukuba yizisulu zobuthi).
Banika izintandokazi ezihlahleni ezikhula emhlabathini ovundile - zinobuthi obuncane. Ukuze bavale isikhala yokuntuleka namaminerali emzimbeni, izilwane ngezinye izikhathi adle umhlaba.
Amaqabunga e-eucalyptus we-koalas nawo angumthombo womswakama. Baphuza amanzi ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sesomiso noma lapho begula. E-Australia, muva nje ezingasho ngokuvamile lezi zilwane wabanjwa eduze kwamachibi abo uma they sondela ukuba baphuze amanzi.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani ibhere marsupial?
Bambalwa abayibona i-koala bukhoma, kepha abaningi babona amavidiyo nezithombe zalesi silwane. empeleni Koala kancane sifana nebhere. Isibonelo, umsila we-koala uyefana nowebhere - elincane elicishe lingabonakali emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, angeke kudidaniswe nanoma yimuphi omunye umuntu ophilayo.
Ngenxa yalokhu ukubukeka, abaningi isikhundla koalas ukuze namabhere.
I-koala isilwane esincanyana kunalokho: ngokwesibonelo, isisindo sebhere ebhekwe marsupial isuka kumakhilogremu ayisikhombisa kuya kwayishumi nambili. Izinwele ze-koala zivame ukufushane, kepha zikhulu, zimpunga. On esiswini sesilwane ukuxegiselwa uvolo. Amehlo e-koala mancane, futhi izindlebe nekhala kukhulu. Izihlahlana ezisezindongeni zibukhali futhi zinde. Badinga koala ukuhambisa kalula phakathi kwezihlahla.
AmaKoalas adla kuphela amaqabunga eucalyptus.
Ama-Koala Habitats
Koala - marsupial, futhi uhlala Yiqiniso, e-Australia, kanye iziqhingi angomakhelwane (ngaphandle Tasmania). Amabhere aseMarsupial akhetha izindawo zawo eduze namanzi, njengoba kunamahlathi ashisayo - indawo yendabuko yama-koalas. AmaMarsupials atholakala eningizimu, empumalanga, kanye nenyakatho engxenyeni enkulu yezwekazi i-Australia.
Photographer wabanjwa isikhashana ezingavamile lapho koala anquma "uzibixe" nge angadle ngabuhle obutheni yokubhukuda.
U-Koala uhlala emahlathini anomswakama ashubisa umnkantsha, ashisayo futhi we-subequatorial, lapho kukhula khona ubhontshisi omningi - okuwukuphela komthombo wokudla okunempilo kwama koalas.
Lezi zilwane azivamile ukwehlela emhlabathini, kuphela ukuze zifike emathangeni alandelayo eucalyptus.
Mayelana lokudla ama-marsupial amabhere
UKoala udla kuphela i-eucalyptus, yize iqiniso lokuthi lesi sitshalo siqukethe ubuthi bezilwane i-hydrocyanic acid. Iqiniso ngukuthi lesi silwane sithathwa kalula esenzweni saso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo ngisho wakhuphuka ngabo uhlobo ukuvikelwa: ekuphakeleni zonyaka ezahlukene koalas ngezinhlobo zezilwane ezehlukene zikagamthilini (ngesikhathi esithile, lezi izinhlobo zikagamthilini aqukethe kancane hydrogen cyanide kunamanye). Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi i-koala isengafakwa ubuthi ngamahlamvu eucalyptus.
I-koala yamatasa ihamba ngomgwaqo ngokusobala iyinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
Ngokuphambene nalokho okukholelwa yiningi ukuthi koalas neze aphuze lezi zilwane, nakuba akuvamile, ukuthola imithombo yamanzi kanye ukuwaphuza.
UKoala ulala esihlahleni.
Ukuzala ama-koalas
Koalas, abaye njalo waphila eyodwa, ubuthe amaqembu kuphela isizini zizalela. Imvamisa, iqembu elinjalo liqukethe owesilisa oyedwa nababili kuya kwabayisihlanu (futhi kwesinye isikhathi) abesifazane. Ukuhluma ku-koalas kwenzeka ezihlahleni. Koalas ukuzalela kanye ngonyaka noma njalo eminyakeni emibili.
I-koala yokulala izizwa ikhululekile egatsheni.
Ukukhulelwa kwe-Marsupial bear kuthatha cishe inyanga. Kukhona ngokuvamile ithole elilodwa kuphela ubude mayelana 1.5 cm futhi enesisindo hhayi ningi than 6 amagremu Njengoba koala - marsupial, sikhwama ukufukamela ingane isetshenziswa isikhathi eside - mayelana izinyanga eziyisithupha. Emavikini angama-30, lapho umntwana esemdala kancane, angavele adle okugcotshwe ngabazali bakhe (lokhu kuyadingeka, ngoba aqukethe izinto ezidingekayo zokugaya okujwayelekile). Ngemuva kwesikhashana, ama-koalas akhula ngokuphelele futhi aqale ukuphila impilo yawo.
Female bear marsupial nge cub.
Izici ze-koalas
Yini ekhetheke kangaka ngebhere marsupial? Anakho eziningi namakhono ezithakazelisayo futhi ihluke kwezinye izidalwa.
I-Koala iyinkinga eya e-Australia. Ngamanye amagama, ngaphandle kwe-Australia kanye neziqhingi ezingomakhelwane, i-koala ayihlali, kuphela ezindaweni zasekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokufaneleka yayo kuphela ukukhuphuka izihlahla kanye udle zikagamthilini, marsupial bear ngokwanele kancane nokuzola.
Iwundlu elisakhulile liyela emuva kumama.
Okunye okuthokozisayo kwama-koalas ukuthi azala amawundlu amancane kakhulu, abe nosayizi omkhulu kakhulu nesisindo somzimba. Ngokumangalisayo, kungenziwa ukuthi abazali vosmikilogrammovyh ozalwa nezingane usayizi uhlamvu ubhontshisi!
Izitha zama-koalas
U-Koala uyisilwane esimangalisayo: emvelweni, azinazitha! Kungani kwenzekile? Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu.
Okokuqala, amabhere marsupial atholakala e-Australia futhi ahlala ezihlahleni, kepha kuleli lizwekazi akukho zidli zezihlahla ezingalimaza ama-koalas. Okwesibili, udla koala amaqabunga kagamthilini kuphela, engesiyo ingozi isilwane, kodwa kungaba yingozi kwezinye izilwane abafuna ukudla se-koala.
Ama-koalas amasha.
Yini ewusizo futhi eyingozi i-koala
Koala - lokhu uyisidalwa nabanomusa kakhulu esingasiza umuntu, futhi ukumzwisa ubuhlungu.
Inzuzo enkulu yama-koalas ukuthi izingane eziningi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi abantu abadala, zizithanda kakhulu kuma-zoo. Ososayensi bavame ukuzihlola lezi zilwane. Ngenxa yalesi izidalwa ebukekayo avikelekile ngokomthetho kusukela kwenzeka lesi sigameko sokudubula nokuzingela okungekho emthethweni uboya ezibalulekile.
Maye, ama-koalas nawo angalimaza abantu. Lapho kunamabhere amaningi kakhulu ama-marsupial futhi engenakho ukudla okwanele, ayakwazi ukusondela emizini yabantu aze adale ingozi yemigwaqo. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, i-koala - lena isilwane ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ukuthi engakaze ufundwa ososayensi kuze kube sekupheleni kuze kube manje.
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Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-koala?
I-koala iyisilwane esinothile enekhanda elikhulu, ama-paws anamandla nomsila wokuqina, ofihlwe ngaphansi kwezinwele. Ubheka ngobumnandi kakhulu: isikhumba ubuka, ophuzi, njalo amehlo uqaphele, izindlebe enoboya, izimisele black ekhaleni. Ifana nethoyizi elikhulu, yize empilweni ayihlali ingenangozi futhi imnandi.
Ikhanda likaKoala , Elikhulu futhi ububanzi, has a nomlomo esiyisicaba, amehlo - amancane, esilinganayo kabanzi, izindlebe -large, oyindilinga, onqenqemeni mahhala ukukhanya linoboya eside. Ngemuva ekhaleni lesilwane akunazinwele, kumnyama, kunqotshwe ngokuqhamukayo kusuka ezindaweni ezimbozwe ngoboya. AmaKoalas nawo aphethe izihlathi.
ikhanda koalas
Amazinyo kaKoala ( Ama-30 ama-pcs ) Ingabe bazivumelanisa amashidi ukondla equkethe inqwaba imicu. Zihlelwe ngendlela efanayo nama-wombats nama-kangaroo. Izinhlamvu ezibukhali zihlukaniswa amazinyo e-buccal yi-diastema ebanzi. Schochnye esincelisayo namazinyo ukusiza ugaye amaqabunga ibe mass homogeneous. Kwesinye isikhathi i-koala ifaka ukudla emlonyeni wayo ukuze ikuhlafuna futhi.
Amazinyo kaKoala
Ngo-koala esikhulu kwemisipha imilenze . Imilenze yangaphambili yinde kunezinyawo ezingemuva, kepha izicubu eziqine kakhulu zitholakala okhalweni lwemilenze yangemuva. On imilenze phambi iminwe emihlanu. Ababili babo, njengabakhulu bethu, bagoba eceleni kwemigwaqo futhi baphikisana nabanye abathathu. Kuyinto elula ukubambelela emagatsheni.
On ezandleni nasemilenzeni indluzelekazi esokuqala, useyinkosi uzipho bancishwa eyodwa kuphela bamelana nabanye abane. Iminwe yesibili neyesithathu ifakwa izicubu ezithambile.Ihamba iye phezulu esihlahleni, i-koala ibamba isiqu sayo ngaphambili, idonse imilenze yangemuva.
Imilenze yangemuva nengaphambili ye-koala
Pads neminwe koalas kukhona iphethini papillary, ngakho kusekhona kuphela abantu nezinye wezinkawu. Umehluko eminyweni yeminwe ye-koala nomuntu kunzima ukuwuhlukanisa ngisho ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu se-elektroni.
Izinzipho ama-koalas abukhali, agobile futhi aqinile, ikakhulukazi emilengeni emibili ephikisayo. Claws ukuthi isilwane singena phakathi kwezihlahla, bayakwazi ukubamba isisindo koala. Iminwe enozipho, lesi silwane sibamba amagatsha siqinise, siwafake enqabeni ethembekile. Izindlawu zisiza ingane ibambe ijazi likanina.
noboya i-koala inobukhulu obukhulu (ubukhulu be 2-3 cm ), Ash-grey noma mpunga ansundu ngemuva kwesinye isikhathi ngokubomvu, osasitini, isiliva noma ushokoledi ensundu. Esiqeshini, ingaphakathi lamapulangwe nasesifubeni, uboya bumhlophe noma baphuzi. Kukhona amabala amhlophe kwi-sacrum. Le Umdwebo lithathelwe ekuphileni zikagamthilini. Umbala we-koala uhlangana nombala wamagxolo esihlahla, izilwane zingabonakali.
Umbala we-koala fur
Fur uye nangokuvikela izakhiwo. Emhlane, iphikisana nemvula nomoya kahle. Ebeleni kunqande ukukhanya kwelanga. Ngo imiphakathi ezihlala enyakatho ndawo, noboya kancane, ilula futhi mfushane.
Abesilisa abangamaKoala bakhulu kakhulu kunabesifazane , ngesigaxa esibanzi, esinama-auricles amancane, ikhala eligobile elikhuhluziwe futhi laba nezindlala ezinamakha ezinamakha. Female bungabonakala ngokuvula emuva isikhwama phezu esiswini. Ubude bomzimba wesilisa 78 cm , Female - 72 cm . IMisa labesilisa 14-11,8 kg , abesifazane - 7.9-5 kg . Ukuphakama izilwane ngesikhathi buyabuna - 30-45 cm. Enyakatho yebanga, abantu abancane kakhulu kunaseningizimu.
Emhlanganweni nge Ukuziphatha umuntu-koala enobungane. Kepha uthathe ezandleni zakho akukufanele. Unezala namazinyo abukhali kakhulu. Wethuka, lokho kungasilimaza bite futhi ekuqaleni. Izinsikazi ezinamathole nazo ziyingozi.
AmaKoalas anomqondo omuhle wokuhogela nokuzwa. Vision athuthukile isithombe sibi zokuhwelela kwabo yezimpilo zabo bathi abafundi thwi wahlela. Zinezintambo zezwi ezingeziwe ezisesigangeni esithambile. Basiza abesilisa ukwenza imisindo ephansi, ezwakalayo kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuzalela.
iso koalas
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo, ama-koalas anobuchopho obuncane kakhulu obuhlobene nesisindo somzimba. Zithi usayizi we-walnut. A Nenkabazwe ka yakhe bushelelezi, ngaphandle convolutions. Lokhu mhlawumbe kungukuzivumelanisa nendlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi, ngoba ubuchopho busebenzisa amandla amaningi.
Ezokuxhumana
Koalas bazithola izilwane cishe abangakwazi ukuzilwela nabangenacala emhlabeni. Abahlaseli muntu futhi abanazi ngokuphelele ukuthi bangazivikela kanjani. Uma bezilimazile, ziyobaleka, zishaye futhi zilume, cishe ngeke zikwazi.
Kodwa lesi silwane kungenzeka nikhale. Futhi angakhala uma nje izinhlungu zimubangela ukungahambi kahle. I-koala ikhala njengomntwana - kakhulu, ngokuqhaqhazela nokukhathazeka. Umsindo esifanayo singasho nokuthi atjengisa khona ingozi.
AmaKoalas athule ngokumangazayo. Njengoba behlala kude kakhulu komunye nomunye, ukuxhumana nohlobo lwabo basebenzisa imisindo ehlukahlukene ebanzi.
Abesilisa ukukhombisa isimo eyinqaba ephezulu yabo yezenhlalo ngokomzimba, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukuthola ukuthi ngubani phakathi kwazo steeper (singachithi isikhathi namandla ukulwa, abayi, futhi uma lokho kwenzeka, kuba impela ezingavamile). Abesifazane bayamemeza kakhulu, kepha kwesinye isikhathi bayakwazi ukukhombisa ulaka ngokubhonga, baphinde basebenzise lo msindo ukukhombisa indlela yokuziphatha kwezocansi. Kepha omama namawundlu abo awabhongwi - benza umsindo othule, oqondile, okhumbuza ukuchofoza (ukuze “bakhulume bodwa”) noma ukububula (uma bengathokozi noma becasulwe okuthile).
Lapho izimpilo koala?
UKoala uhlala ezweni lase-Australia. Manje kuhlala iQueensland, New South Wales, Victoria neSouth Australia. Kodwa kwakungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. I-koala yayivame ukuhlala ngaseningizimu ye-Australia, kepha bese iqothulwa noma iqothulwe ngokuphelele. ENtshonalanga Australia, inani lezilwane ezincelisayo ezingokwemvelo nazo zazingagcinwanga, yize izidalwa ze-Quaternary zibonisa ukuthi lalilapho.
Koala ndawo. Kuthunyelwe ngu: SieBot
EQueensland, izidumbu ze-koala enkulu zatholakala ezweni lezimbali (Koalemus), ebisinda isigamu sethani, i.e. Izikhathi ezingama-28 ngaphezu kwesilwane sanamuhla. Nokho, lokhu giant akuyona ukhokho lwendlovu esekhona. C. Barrett ujonga ngenkondlo le koala ukuthi, ngokwesizwe saseTurrava, wayengumshayeli wamaphayi onesibindi owaletha okhokho balesi sizwe e-Australia.
Lapho abaseYurophu befika ezweni elikhulu, ama-koala ayehlala ezindaweni ezisogwini ezisempumalanga naseningizimu ye-Australia, nakwezinye izindawo ezinemvula eyanele. Kwaphela iminyaka engaba ngu-50 kusukela kwatholakala lokuqala kuphela ku ezahlukene New South Wales. Ngo-1855 wezemvelo W. Blandovski wahlangana naye eVictoria. A ngonyaka ka 1923 . O. Thomas wamthola eningizimu-mpumalanga yeQueensland.
Koala ekudleni
Phakathi izinyathelo ukubuyisela isibalo izilwane koala laqanjwa e-Australia elibangise entshonalanga, kanye iziqhingi eziningi sogu lolwandle e Queensland futhi. I-Kangaroo. Inani labantu baseMagnetic Island libhekwa njengendawo yokuhlala yasenyakatho ekude yama-koalas.
Eqinisweni, i-koala uyabubekezelela nezimo ezahlukahlukene kwemvelo. Ububanzi bawo bubanzi impela. Ihlala emahlathini anomswakama wezintaba eningizimu, izivini ezisenyakatho ye-Australia, ama-Coppices ezindaweni ezinamagquma entshonalanga nentshonalanga, namahlathi amvula.
Zenyathi koalas
Emndenini Phascolarctos Lusebenza a look zanamuhla Phascolarctos cinereus. I-koala genome yahlelwa ngonyaka ka-2018. Ososayensi usukwenzile lokhu 5 iminyaka. Ucwaningo lofuzo luveze umehluko phakathi kwama-koalas asenyakatho, asentshonalanga naseningizimu. Kepha ngenkathi zingabelwe ngokusemthethweni.
Lezi zinhlobo amagama alandelayo:
- I-Queensland Koala ( c. adustus, UThomas 1923),
- i-koala yezinduna ezintsha zaseningizimu ( c. cinereus, I-Goldfuss 1817),
- UVictoria Koala ( c. umnqobi , Troughton 1935).
Ukudla kwe-Koalas, noma kungani ama-koalas angavamile ukugcinwa e-zoo
Ukudla Koala kukhethekile kakhulu. Adult isilwane udla kuphela amaqabunga amahlumela zikagamthilini, ngokuqondene aye athuthukiswe kakhulu cecum. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi zitholakala ezihlahleni zezinye izinhlobo, njenge-acacia, I-Allocasuarina, Callitris, I-Leptospermum futhi Melaleuca. Inhlabamkhosi roughage amahlamvu koala kusiza amagciwane abahlala esiswini salo. I-koala yengane ekuqaleni idla ubisi lukamama kuphela.
Kunzima ukondla i-koala e-zoo uma kungekho zinqolobi zezinhlobo ezithile ze-eucalyptus eduzane.
Ngokuvamile Koala ukhetha amahlumela amasha. Uphula amaqabunga nezihlafunana, aqongelele inqwaba ephumayo esihlathini. Idla amaqabunga ezinhlobo ezithile kuphela zezihlahla ze-eucalyptus. ENew South Wales, ngokuvamile udla amaqabunga zikagamthilini okwesibhakabhaka futhi ngimpunga, wokuqukethwe ohlukile okusezingeni eliphezulu lamafutha zikagamthilini.
Ngu E. Trafton Intandokazi yokudla koala ezingxenyeni ezahlukene Australia akha Izinhlobo eziyi-12 zezihlahla ze-eucalyptus . S. Reid Wondla koalas yakhe eQueensland Izinhlobo eziyi-18 zezihlahla ze-eucalyptus . Kuyaziwa namuhla 30 zezintaka zikagamthilini, le udla koala bani . Izintandokazi zinikezwa lezo ezikhula ngaphansi kwezimo zomswakama ophezulu kanye nenhlabathi evundile. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yizihlahla ze-eucalyptus. E. microcorys, E. tereticornis no E. camaldulensis, okuthi okungenani bakwenze ngaphezulu kwama-20% kokudla kwabo.
Usuku, kudingeka i-koala yabantu abadala kusuka 500 g ukuze 1.1 kg amacembe we-eucalyptus. Ngenxa yenani eliphansi lamandla okudla kwabo, badinga ukwandisa inani lokudla ngosuku. abakudlayo Izikhathi ezi-4-6 ngosuku (noma kunalokho, ebusuku). Ngisho belamba, silwanyana akuyona ngifuna indawo lesi sitshalo. Ngakho-ke, izilwane zokuqala ezilethwe e-zoo zazifa yindlala. Futhi abantu bebengaqondi ukuthi ubondla kanjani. Koala angabulala ngisho kuye engafanele ukudla ngenxa umphumela komulyativnogo.
Ividiyo emayelana nokuthi ama-koalas ahlala kanjani e-zoo e China
Ukudla amaqabunga eucalyptus kuyamangaza ngoba kwesinye isikhathi aqukethe ubuthi obunobungozi - i-hydrocyanic acid. Ngokwesibonelo, e sikashukela zikagamthilini amahlumela ekwindla iqukethe ngokwanele ukubulala imvu. Zize zinoshevu ezinkomeni. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukulungela ukukhetha uhlobo lwe-eucalyptus kungenxa yokuthi i-koala iyakwazi ukubona lobu buthi noma ihlole umthamo wayo. Lokhu kuyamsiza umuzwa kahle isakhula ukuba iphunga ne ukunambitheka izitho. Inani elincane lobuthi emzimbeni we-koala lingatatazelelwa kahle isibindi.
Amaqabunga e-eucalyptus aqukethe i-nitrogen encane ne phosphorus, imicu eminingi engabonakali, ubuthi obunobuthi ne-terpenes. Ngenxa yalokho i--kilojoule amaningi ukudla se-koala uyalala ingxenye enkulu yosuku. Kuguqulwe ekudleni okunjalo nokudla kwezilwane. Ijubane layo kuma-koalas liphakeme kakhulu kunasema-sloths nase-wombats, kepha liphansi kakhulu kunakwezinye izilwane ezincelisayo. Ukuze bavale isikhala yokuntuleka izakhi mkhondo, koalas ngezinye izikhathi adle izwe.
Koala endaweni yokunisela
Ngaphandle kokuthi igama elithi "koala" lahunyushwa lisuselwa olimini lwendabuko ngokuthi "ungaphuzi," lezi zilwane zisaphuza amanzi. Izinsikazi zivame amanzi anele izinto abenzela zona amaqabunga namazolo kubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baphuza kuphela lapho kushisa kakhulu futhi ngesikhathi sokugula. Abesilisa abakhulu kufanele basebenzele ukwentuleka kwamanzi ngokuthola phansi noma emigodini yezihlahla. Ngo nesomiso esikhulu esathinta kanye nokushisa beze uthole amanzi ukuze abantu, ngokuvamile emanzini okubhukuda, bengazi ukuthi uphume kuzo.
Indlela yokuphila yeKoala nokuziphatha kwayo emphakathini
UKoala uphila impilo yobusuku obumnandi, akazakhi izindawo zokukhosela, usebenzisa sonke isikhathi emqhele emihlahleni yezihlahla ze-eucalyptus. Iningi usuku ulele (80% r. E. amahora 20) engaphansi kuka-10% okuphakelayo, nesikhathi ukuphumula ihlala nje. Uvumelaniswe kahle nokuphila kokuhlala phansi. Uboya obukhulu kanye nesiqobelo se-cartilaginous ekugcineni komgogodla kumsiza ukuthi uhlale isikhathi eside emfoloko egatsheni.
Ngisho nalapho akozeli, Koala namanje ehlezi egatsheni lesihlahla noma isiqu laqina ngezidladla phambi futhi ukubukeka emhlabeni. Izikhafu ezinamandla zimsebenzela ukunamathiselwa. Imvamisa, uhamba kancane, elonga amandla. Ngokuvamile, ungathuli, azithoba izwi lakhe kuphela uma ingozi. I-koala ethukile noma elimele iyakhala futhi ikhala njengengane.
U-Koala uyisilwane esisodwa esizinzile. Umuntu ngamunye has indawo yakhe siqu ukuphila. Kwabesilisa lokhu kuyindawo engamahektare angama-1.5-3, kwabesifazane abe-0.5-1 ha. Ezindaweni eziwugwadule, isiza sowesilisa singafinyelela ama-ha ayi-100 noma ngaphezulu.
Kushisa kakhulu, i-koala angaya phansi ingxenye ebanda kunazo zonke esihlahleni. Isilwane sixhawula isihlahla ukuze sinikeze ukushisa kwamagxolo futhi kuphunyuke ekushiseni ngokweqile. Ngezinsuku ezifudumele, angaphumula, ancike umhlane wakhe egatsheni, elele esiswini sakhe noma emhlane, elenga imilenze. Ngo abandayo, nezikhathi ezimanzi lapho curls ibe ibhola Friend, ukuze kulondolozwe ugesi. Ngezinsuku ezinomoya, i-koala ithola igatsha elingaphansi futhi likhulu lapho lingaphumula khona.
Isilwane sehlela emhlabathini kuphela ukuze sithuthele kwesinye isihlahla. Abesilisa ngenkathi yokuzalela ku ehlobo nights asesusiwe endaweni eside. Izilwane ngokumangazayo zigxuma kalula zisuka kwesinye isihlahla ziye kwesinye. Futhi zihamba phansi, ziyakwazi ukubaleka masinyane umzingeli. Ziyazi ukubhukuda kanjani.
Kungcono ukuthi alale.
AmaKoalas azama ukugwema ukuxhumana ezimweni zansuku zonke; awasebenzisi imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-15 ngosuku ukuxhumana. Uma insikazi nge cub esondela komunye umuntu, ukuthi iziphatha ngobudlova kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, insikazi iyingozi kubantu.
Abesilisa bayalwa, balwe futhi balume lapho behlangana. I emikhulu owesilisa entshontsha imvu emthini, uzama ekhoneni kuye futhi ukuluma kwamahlombe akhe. Iziduna zimaka izihlahla zazo ngomchamo kanye nangemfihlo yezinduna. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokugibela i-eucalyptus entsha, lesi silwane ngaso sonke isikhathi sicwilisa isisekelo saso isiqu.
Amabanga kuyendlulela kuphela-alpha kwabesilisa nabesifazane zokuzalela. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, eyeduna kanye nabesifazane bayo bahlala ndawonye isikhashana. Ngowesifazane kuphela obamba iqhaza ekukhulisweni nokunakekelwa kwamawundlu. Ungathola abantu abambalwa owodwa: kungaba umama ithole khona amazinyane ayo, ngoba abesilisa bahlale nonina kuze iminyaka 3.
Uneminyaka emingaki i-koala?
Isilinganiso sobude besikhathi se-koala ku-vivo siyi iminyaka 12-13 . Yize kunamacala lapho baphila isikhathi eside:
- ngaphambili Iminyaka engu-18 Ngokusho A. Skollan,
- ngaphambili Iminyaka engama-20 ngokusho kukaN. Burnett.
In ekuthunjweni, span esiphezulu impilo koala kwaba Iminyaka engama-22.1.
Abesifazane baphila isikhathi eside. Abesilisa abe nokuphila eziyingozi, zingabantu basemathubeni amaningi okuthi babulawe. U-koala, ikakhulukazi owesilisa ongenalwazi futhi osemncane, angafa esihlahleni ngesikhathi sokulwa nomuntu onolwazi. Kwesinye isikhathi amawundlu, aphonswa ngemuva komama yisoka lesilisa elicasulayo, nawo ayafa.
Koalas bayabulawa ngenxa imililo njalo emahlathini zikagamthilini. Ahamba kancane futhi ngesikhathi somlilo zivame ukucasha esihlahleni somuthi, lapho azokufa khona ngokungenakuvinjwa.
Kugula ini koala?
Koala ogulayo ngokuvamile. I-cystitis, i-sinusitis, i-conjunctivitis yizifo ezivamile ze-koala. ISinusitis imvamisa iholela ebandeni, ikakhulukazi ebusika obubandayo. Izinkinga sinusitis phambili ekufeni kwabantu koalas eziningi. Ngalesi sizathu, izilwane eziningi zafa 1887-1889 futhi 1900-1903 iminyaka
Eminyakeni yamuva, amanye amakoloni koalas kabi nezifo ezithathelwanayo, ikakhulukazi i-chlamydia. I-Chlamydia ye-koalas ihlukile esimweni somuntu, ingaholela ebumpumputhe nokungazalisi. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi okungenani ama-50% abantu batheleleka nge-chlamydia ne-retrovirus, okwenza buthaka ukungavikeleki kwezilwane.
Njengoba liphindaphindeke koala?
IKoala izala kanye njalo ngeminyaka emibili. Abesilisa bavame ukungabi baningi futhi babe nezinsikazi zezinsikazi eziningana ezingapheli (kuze kube ezinhlanu). Okuphansi loud yokubuthanela ukukhala besilisa Okuxakayo esachazwa A. Skollan. Ukhuluma ngethuswa lomfokazi omusha ongowokufika ozwe umsindo ebusuku, okuwukuthi
“Isiphambano phakathi kokudonswa kwesidakwa esinamafutha, ukudonswa komnyango ngezintambo ezivuthiwe, nokububula kokuthile kwengulube engathandanga. Nokho, i-indlebe kothile ubuka kuyinto umculo enhle, ngoba ingoma yothando koalas. "
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwama-koalas siqala ngoSepthemba. Abesilisa baqala ukubhonga kakhulu bese behlikihla ezihlahleni zensimu yabo ngezindlala ezincelisayo, bemaka ngemfihlo enephunga elimnandi. Abesifazane ukhethe umlingani esekelwe bekhalela, amandla kanye nosayizi. Omkhulu futhi oqina owesilisa, kulapho eba nenhlokomo. Kwesinye isikhathi abesilisa bamba izintokazi ngamandla, bezishayela zivela esihlahleni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo abaqapheli it estrus noma cha, futhi bahlasela ngisho nonina nge cub.
Abesifazane bangakhwaza futhi balwe nabalandeli, kepha bathobele abesilisa abanamandla. Lezo zinsikazi ezishiywa ngamantombazane.
Ngomshado ukukhala bukhomba abanye abantu besilisa, kanye ingxabano phakathi kwazo. Owesifazane angazihlola futhi akhethe eziqine kakhulu. Amadoda amadala aqongelela izibazi nokukhahlela ezingxenyeni ezivulekile zemizimba yawo: ekhaleni, ezinweleni.
Kokuzalela kwenzeka esihlahleni, kuthatha akukho kuka 3 imizuzu.
Isikhwama sowesifazane sivula emuva futhi sinezimbambo ezimbili. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-25-35. Ehlobo (November kuya ku-March), omunye cub okuzelwe, akuvamile twins bazalwa. Ekuzalweni, amathole angamamitha ayi-15-18 kuphela ubude futhi anesisindo esingama-0.5 g. Njenge-kangaroo, ingena esikhwameni sikamama uqobo. Ilenga, incela ingono. Ngokungafani nezinye marsupial zesifazane koalas akuzona ahlanzekile esikhwameni sakho.
Izinsana ziyeka ngokuphelele ukudla ubisi lwebele ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuphela. Kulesi sikhathi, izinwele zabo sezivele zikhule kahle, futhi zifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-18. Iwundla lishiya kancane kancane ubisi lukamama, lithola ukudla okumangalisayo kulo: amagqabi avela emacembe anggayiwe we-eucalyptus ngamagciwane adingekayo empilweni yakhe yesikhathi esizayo.
"Kubonakala sengathi zonke izinsuku, kusukela nambili ukuba ihora lesibili ntambama, kusukela orifice okuphambene umlomo, ukhetha insikazi a puree oluhlaza kancane kuzocutshungulwa amahlamvu esiswini. Iwundlu linamathisela isisulu esikhwameni bese liyikhotha. Isikhwama semuva esivulekile senza kube lula kuye. Kodwa bonke abanye isikhathi (ngaphandle amahora amabili ngosuku!) Amathumbu owesifazane koala oporazhnivayas, likhipha kungekho ingxube izakhi, kanti udoti evamile "I. Akimushkin.
Lapho esenezinyanga ezingama-7-8, ingane ekugcineni ishiya isikhwama sikamama bese ibuyela emuva.Umama newundlu baxhumana ngokuchofoza noma ngokuzwakalayo kwemisindo, ecishe ifane nokububula komuntu. Owesifazane ugqoka ngesineke futhi aqaphe ingane, azibambe ngokwakhe lapho elele noma iqhwa.
Ingane ilala kabi uma kungekho mama eduze. U-Trafton ukhulume nge-koala encane ekudingisweni, "eyayikhala" njalo ebusuku, waze wenziwa umcamelo owenziwe esikhunjeni se-koala. Kulapho ke lapho ehlisa umoya futhi wavuma ukuhlala yedwa ebusuku. (Abantu abanomusa kakhulu!). Isilwane esifanayo phakathi nohambo olude sasisebenzisa ukulala ezingalweni zento yokudlala enkulu i-koala.
Abesifazane abasebasha abaneminyaka engu-12-18 izinyanga bathunyelwa beyofuna isiza sabo. Abesilisa bahlala nonina isikhathi esifinyelela eminyakeni engama-2-3. Umama uqala aziphathe ngokhahlo kulesi sizukulwane esikhulayo lapho ekhulelwa okusha.
Ukuvuthwa ngokobulili kowesifazane kuyaqala eminyakeni engama-2-3, abesilisa abashadikazi kuze kube iminyaka emi-4 ngoba ukuncintisana kowesifazane kudinga amasayizi amakhulu omzimba.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngo-koalas
- Ngokwemithetho, i-koala ayikwazi ukugcinwa njengesilwane kunoma yiliphi izwe emhlabeni. Ngaphandle kwe-Australia, lesi silwane sihlala kuphela eSan Diego Zoo (California, USA). Lapho, izihlahla zakhe eziyintandokazi ze-eucalyptus zazitshalwe yena ngokukhethekile.
- NgesiRussia, igama elithi "koala" lolo hlobo olujwayelekile, lingathambekele futhi lingathambekele. Ngokulungile kuzoba yizinkulumo ezithi "impilo ye-koala" kanye "nokuphila kwe-koala", "koala ufikile" futhi "u-koala ufikile".
- UKoala angashintsha "ukubukeka kobuso." Lapho isilwane sikhalela, sikhalela noma sicwilisa, sisonta umlomo waso ongaphezulu bese siqondisa izindlebe zaso phambili. Ngesikhathi sokukhala, izindebe zidonswa ngaphakathi futhi izindlebe zidonswe emuva. Izinsikazi zelula izindebe zazo phambili futhi ziphakamisa izindlebe zazo lapho owesilisa eseduzane.
- UKoala uwuphawu olusemthethweni lwesimo sase-Australia saseQueensland.
- Ososayensi abavela e-Australia bafunde ukuthi bangalinganisa kanjani ngempumelelo isibalo sabantu be-koala besebenzisa i-multicter enekhamera ye-infrared. I-Drone ibona izilwane ngisho nangamahlamvu aminyene.
- Iqembu lososayensi elivela ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme eziningana zase-Australia liphakamise indlela engalindelekile yokwandisa inani labantu abasengozini yokuphela koalas. Ochwepheshe bathi ukufakelwa kwefecal kuzoshintsha i-microflora yamathumbu yalezi zilwane futhi kwandise nokudla kwazo.
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Ugu lwase-Australia (olungamakhilomitha ayi-19,7 ubude) lubhalwe buthaka. Amabhishi ayo ahlukene kakhulu, enye ye ...
Kumemeza isikhathi sokukhwelana
Lapho kuqala isikhathi sokuzalela, abesilisa banikeza umsindo omkhulu wokuncenga kangangokuthi uzwakale ngekhilomitha. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lo msindo mkhulu kakhulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye imvamisa ephansi, okungafakwanga ezilwaneni ezincane ezinobukhulu be-koala. Bayakwazi ukuyishicilela kuphela ngosizo lwezintambo zezwi ezingemuva komsindo.
Owesifazane uzikhethela umkhwenyana, avele ngokuqondile kulezo zikhalo zokunxusa (noma kunjalo, ukukhetha kunikezwa abantu abakhulu). Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izingoma zesilisa zisikhumbuza inyoka yomuntu odakwayo, ukugunda okuthukuthele kwengulube noma isigaxa sezingodo ezigqwala, izintokazi ezinjengalezi zizwakala kakhulu futhi zihehe.
Ukukhala okungcono kwe-koala, kuzoqoqa omakoti abaningi, ngoba kukhona abesifazane kakhulu kunabesilisa. Ngesizini eyodwa, owesilisa oyedwa angaba nabafazi ababahlanu.
Isithombo
AmaKoalas azalela kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili. Abesifazane baqala umndeni beneminyaka emibili, abesilisa beneminyaka emithathu kuya kwemine.
Umama uphatha ingane kusuka ezinsukwini ezingamashumi amathathu kuya kwamashumi amathathu nanhlanu. Imvamisa kuzalwa ingane eyodwa kuphela, amawele angavamile. Ubude be-koala encane buvela ku-15 kuye ku-18 mm, isisindo - cishe amagremu amahlanu, kuyilapho kungenaboya futhi bungaboni ngokuphelele. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa, ingane igibela esikhwameni sikamama, lapho ichitha khona izinyanga eziyisithupha ezilandelayo. Ukuze ingane ingazilimazi futhi ingawa, “umnyango” esikhwameni awukho phezulu, njenge-kangaroo, kodwa phansi.
Okokuqala, wondla ubisi lwebele. Kancane kancane iyaluka kuyo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla okuguqukayo kuyinto yasekuqaleni: umama uvame ukwaba ukunyakaza okukhethekile kwamathumbu ngesimo se-porridge eyi-liquid kusuka emaqabungeni e-eucalyptus anggayiwe. Ingane idinga ukudla okunjalo, ngoba yiyona kuphela indlela yokuthola i-microflora ayidingayo, ngoba kunamagciwane emathunjini omama asiza umzimba ukwazi ukubhekana nokudla okungukudla kwesisu sengane.
Kuliqiniso, ukudla okunje akuhlali isikhathi eside, kuthi emva kwenyanga aqale ukudla amaqabunga ngokwawo, kuthi lapho esenezinyanga eziyisikhombisa asuke esikhwameni abuyele kumama wakhe. Ekugcineni, u-koala wakhula eshiya izingalo zikanina ngonyaka. Kepha akuwona wonke umuntu oshiya: ngenkathi izinsikazi ezincane zizifunela iziza, abesilisa bavame ukuhlala nonina iminyaka emithathu.
Izingozi
Imvamisa, i-koala ihlala iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili kuye kweshumi nantathu (yize, ekudingisweni, kuye kwaba nezimo lapho izilwane zasinda zaze zaba ngamashumi amabili). Inani labo okwesikhashana (kuze kube yilapho iziphathimandla zase-Australia zithatha isinqumo sokuxazulula le nkinga) lalincipha ngokushesha. Uma ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 inani lama-koalas lalingabantu abayizigidi eziyi-10, khona-ke emva kwekhulu lodwa elaliyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu kuphela, iningi labo elihlala ezindaweni ezizimele. Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, endle, zingama-2 kuya ku-8 izinkulungwane zazo kuphela ezihlala khona.
AmaKoalas awanazo izitha ngokwemvelo - ngokusobala, lesi silwane, esigcwele iphunga lika-eucalyptus, sisabisa izitha zaso ngephunga laso. Abantu kuphela abazidlayo, futhi izinja zasendle dingo zingahlasela kusuka ezilwaneni, kepha lokhu futhi kuyinto eyivelakancane, ngoba ama-koalas kuyaqabukela ehle futhi izinja zingagxothi ezihlahleni.
Muva nje, lezi zilwane zazisondele kakhulu ekuqothulweni. Isizathu esiyinhloko umsebenzi owenziwa ngabantu, kanye nokuqina kwabo kwezifo ezahlukahlukene.
Isifo
AmaKoalas ayizilwane ezibuhlungu impela - ngokusobala, umsoco oyingozi uyathinta. Zitholakala ikakhulukazi kwi-cystitis, i-periostitis yesikhumba, i-conjunctivitis. ISinusitis imvamisa ibangela i-pneumonia kuzo, okuthe ekuqaleni kwekhulu lokugcina kunciphisa kakhulu inani labantu.
Izilwane ziyabulawa, kanti negciwane le-Chlamydia Psittaci, elibhekwa njengengculazi "yi-koalas." Zithinta i-ureter kanye namehlo ezilwane, futhi uma zingasizwa ngesikhathi, lesi sifo sizoholela ekungazalani, bese sibona izinkinga, futhi ekugcineni size ekufeni.
Abahwebi beFur
Ngisho nangaphambi kokuqala kwekhulu lama-20, isibalo esikhulu sama-koalas (hhayi isigidi esisodwa) sabhujiswa ngabathengisi boya, ngemuva kwalokho kwacishe kwaba nazilwane. Futhi yilapho kuphela (ngonyaka we-1927) uhulumeni wase-Australia wakuvumela ukuthengiswa kwama-koalas, futhi eminyakeni emithathu kamuva - ukungenisa izikhumba zabo. Lokhu kwaholela ekuqothulweni kokuxoshwa kwe-koalas, futhi inani labo laqala ukwanda kancane kancane.
Ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi
Ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi okuqhubekayo, ama-koalas ayaphoqelelwa ukuthi ahambe njalo efuna izihlahla ezintsha, ngakho-ke kufanele zehle. Futhi azisetshenziselwa impilo emhlabeni, ngoba zihamba lapha ngobunzima, futhi ngenxa yalokho ziba izisulu ezilula.
Izimoto
Mayelana nokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ama-koalas ekufuneni ikhaya elisha ngokuya ngokuya athola ezitimeleni. Izimoto ezijaha ngejubane elikhulu zibabethusa kakhulu, izilwane ziyakhubazeka (okubizwa ngokuthi yi- “koala syndrome” - abesilisa ikakhulu bayasengozini) futhi bayeke ukuhamba noma baqale ukushesha ngomgwaqo. Ngokwezibalo, cishe ama-koalas angama-200 aphumela ngaphansi kwamasondo ezimoto njalo ngenyanga - futhi, ngeshwa, eziningi zazo zifa ngasikhathi sinye.
Ngasikhathi sinye, abaphathi bazama ukuxazulula le nkinga ngendlela ethokozisayo: banwebeka ama-lianas okwenziwe ngawo ithrekhi, exhuma izihlahla ze-eucalyptus ohlangothini ngalunye lwethrekhi. Ama-koalas awubongele lo mbono futhi azimisele ukuwela umgwaqo onguthelawayeka.
Imililo
Izihlahla ama-koalas athanda ukuhlala kuzo aqukethe uwoyela we-eucalyptus, ngenxa yokuthi imililo ivutha kanzima futhi ayikwazi ukucishwa isikhathi eside. Umlilo uqothule ngokuphelele isibalo sabantu abangaphezu kwekhulu se-koalas.
Amachibi
Abaningi bazomangala ukuthola ukuthi mangaki ama-koalas afa lapho ewela echibini. Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo ethandwayo yokuthi abaphuzi lutho, bafika emgodini wokuthambisa, kodwa kaningi hhayi emthonjeni, kepha esakhiweni esakhiwe ngezandla zabantu, esingenazizinda ezijwayelekile ezilwaneni. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi bayakwazi ngokuphelele ukubhukuda, ama-koalas ajwayele ukuntywila, akhathele.
Ukutakulwa kwezilwane
Ukube bekunomsebenzi ongasebenzi wabavikeli bezilwane, mhlawumbe besizokwazi nge-koala kusuka emidwebweni yesikimu yezincwadi zabo. Abakwazanga nje ukucindezela ngemithetho eminingana ukuvikela lezi zilwane, kepha futhi nokuheha abashisekeli abazimisele ukunikela ngemali ukusindisa "amabhele."
E-Australia, kuye kwenziwa amapaki nezindawo zokugcina, izibhedlela ezikhethekile zalezi zilwane zihlelwe ngemishini yakamuva nodokotela bezilwane abaqeqeshiwe kakhulu. Lokhu kuncane, kepha kuyasiza - izilwane ezibalelwa ezinkulungwaneni ezine ziyasindiswa ngonyaka. Cishe amaphesenti angamashumi amabili ezilwane eziwela ezandleni zodokotela ziyaphila.
Impilo ekudingisweni
Njengoba sekushiwo, ama-koalas amaningi ahlala ezigabeni ezizimele, abanikazi bazo abanalutho oluphikisana nomakhelwane abanjalo. Abantu bavame ukukhangwa ngokubonakala kwalezi zilwane ezinamakhaza, ezifuze amabhere amancanyana, futhi ziyazidambisa. AmaKoalas, yize esithanda ukuba yedwa, anomusa kakhulu. Banamathela ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi uma umuntu abamjwayele eshiya endaweni ethile, isilwane siyakhala. Uma uzihlukumeza kakhulu, ama-koalas angaqala ukuzivikela ngamazinyo nangezipikili.
Ukugcina i-koala ekhaya akulula - labo abafuna ukuthola lesi silwane nsuku zonke kuzodingeka basinikeze okungenani ikhilogremu elilodwa lamaqabunga we-eucalyptus amasha ngosuku, okunzima kunalokho. Isibonelo, eRussia, lezi zihlahla zikhula eSocrhi kuphela, kepha lolu hlobo lwe-eucalyptus alulungele ngokuphelele ama-koalas.