I-Armadillo ungomunye wabamele ubudala bezilwane. Ama-zoologists ambheka njengesilwane esiyindida kakhulu futhi esimangalisayo. Ngenxa yegobolondo elikhulu, eliwugqinsi, sekuyisikhathi eside izimpi zempi zithathwa njengeziyizihlobo zezimfudu. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kochungechunge lwezifundo zofuzo, bahlukaniswa baba uhlobo oluhlukile nokuchithwa, okufana nezilwane ezinamabhabhathane kanye nama-sloth Emakhaya abo omlando, eLatin America, izilwane zibizwa nge- “armadillo,” okusho ukuthi izibankwakazi zasephaketheni.

Ahlala kuphi ama-armadillos?

I-Armadillos ihlala eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu ngaphambi kweStrait of Magellan, empumalanga yeMexico, eFlorida, eGeorgia naseNingizimu Carolina ngasentshonalanga kuya eKansas, eziqhingini zaseTrinidad, eTobago, eGrenada, naseMargarita. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zihlala ezindaweni ezihlukile zemvelo: ama-savannas, ugwadule olungenamanzi, amahlathi aqabulayo nemvula, njll. Isibonelo, i-armadillo Kappler emfushane itholakala kuphela emahlathini emvula ase-Orinoco nasezindaweni zase-Amazon, i-shaggy armadillo iyaziwa ngezindawo eziphakeme zasePeru ezindaweni eziphakeme ngamamitha angama-2,400-3,200, i-armadillo emfushane ethola isiphephelo esifundeni sasePatagonian e-Argentina yonke indawo eseningizimu yeStrait yeMagellan.

Iningi lamafosili atholakala eNingizimu Melika, kuqhamuka lapha leli qembu livela khona. Kancane kancane, lapho ibhuloho lomhlaba lixhuma amazwekazi amabili, i-armadillos ikoloni eNyakatho Melika (lapha kutholakala izinsalela zama-glyptodonts ngaphambi kweNebraska). Lezi zinhlobo zamathambo zaphela, kungashiyanga nzalo eNyakatho Melika. Kodwa-ke, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, impi yempi enamabibi ayisishiyagalolunye (i-Dasypus novemcinctus) yahlala masinyane eningizimu ye-United States futhi ihlala lapho kuze kube namuhla. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili yekhulu lama-20 eFlorida, eziningana zalezi zilwane zeqa ezilwaneni nakubanikazi abazimele zathola izilwane zasendle ezihamba kancane kancane ziye enyakatho nasentshonalanga.

I-Armadillo

I-Armadillo
I-Nine-Belt Armadillo
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi

I-Armadillo (lat. Dasypodidae) - umndeni wezilwane ezincelisayo ezitholwa nge-armadillos. Bahlala eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu.

Izici ze-Armadillo nendawo yokuhlala

Emazweni abo, eLatin America, ama-armadillos abizwa ngokuthi ama-armadillos, okusho ukuthi "ama-dinosaurs ephakeji". Le nkulumo ayihambisani nokubukeka kwalesi silwane kuphela, kepha futhi nesikhathi sobukhona baso eMhlabeni.

I-Armadillos yavela eMhlabeni eminyakeni engaba yizigidi ezingama-55 edlule. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo eziningi, ziyasinda futhi ziyaqhubeka nokuzalela. Ukusinda, isikhathi eside kangako, igobolondo noma izikhali ezifanayo zazisiza, lapho kwaqhamuka khona igama lazo.

Isilo se-Armadillo Zingezokuhleleka kwama-edentulous. Ngempela, amazinyo alesi silwanyana esingenazimpande noqweqwe lwawo. Azinazo izisusa namanga. Kuze kube manje, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 zama-armadillos. Indawo abahlala kuyo yiNingizimu Melika, futhi yizinhlobo eyodwa kuphela ezihlala eningizimu Melika.

Isilo se-Armadillo esithombeni ubona cishe noma yimuphi umuntu. Yize le "dinosaur ephakeji" isilwane exotic, cishe wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ibukeka kanjani.

Kunezimo eziqabukela kangangoba nezakhamizi zaseLatin America zingaziboni ngokushesha njengezimpi. Isilwane esisodwa esinjalo impi yempi.

Lolu hlobo lunamagama ambalwa - i-pink Fairy noma i-pink warights. Bahlala ezindaweni ezimbalwa ze-Argentina. Ngokuziphilisa kwabo, bakhetha izimbotshana ezinesihlabathi esomile namathafa anezihlahla zamachibi ne-cacti.

Esithombeni, izimpi ziyalimala

I-pink Fairy ingenye yabamele abancane kakhulu bomndeni we-armadillo. Ubude be-ego yomzimba bungama-9-15 cm, futhi banesisindo cishe esingu-90 g. Isici se-war warhipace yisikhumulo semoto yaso.

Inamathiselwe emzimbeni ngomucu owodwa nje omncane nezinye ezimbili eduze kwamehlo. Izembatho zempi zinamapuleti angama-24 aminyene obukhulu. Isilwane singakhukhumala kalula sibe yibhola.

Igobolondo aligcini ngokwenza umsebenzi wokuzivikela, kodwa futhi nokuqinisa umzimba. Izembatho zempi zingemuva kuphela, njengengubo. Umzimba wonke (isisu nezinhlangothi zomzimba) umbozwe ngoboya obukhulu. Le ngubo eyisilika ifudumeza i-armadillo ngobusuku obubandayo.

Kukhona umsila opinki engalweni ye-armadillo, oyinikeza ukubukeka okuhlekisayo kancane. Ubude balo msila bungamasentimitha angama-2,5 kuya kwengama-32. Ngobukhulu bawo obuncane, isilwane asikwazi ukusiphakamisa, ngakho-ke umsila uhlala udonswa phansi emhlabathini.

Isigaxa sezimbali epinki siphela ngakhala elincane elibukhali. Amehlo esilwane mancane, ngoba lolu hlobo luchitha iningi lempilo yalo ngaphansi komhlaba futhi luphuma ikakhulukazi ebusuku.

Imilenze yangaphambili inamandla kunezinyawo eziyingemuva, ngoba iyithuluzi elifanele lokumba izimbobo. Iwashi ngalinye lineminwe emi-5, efakwe izhlakala ezinde ezinamandla. Ugebhezi lwalesi silwanyana mncane, ngakho-ke ikhanda liyindawo elula kunazo zonke.

Indawo yase-Armadillo

Indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwalezi zilwane yiParaguay, iBolivia, iArgentina. Izakhamizi zakule ndawo ziqothule izimpi zempi isikhathi eside, ngoba inyama yazo ibhekwa njengokudla okumnandi, kepha inani lalezi zilwane liningi kakhulu, ngakho-ke asikho ezingeni lokuqothulwa. Kwezinye izindawo kunenkolelo mayelana namandla omlingo we-armadillos, ngakho-ke babulala izilwane ukwenza izithambiso ezivela emathanjeni abo.

Kepha hhayi kuphela ngenxa yalokhu, ama-Armadillas ayafa. I-Armadillos ayibikho ebusuku. Emini, bacasha emigodini ebunjiwe, futhi ebusuku bayaphuma lapho baye ebusweni ukuyofudumala futhi bafuna ukudla. Imvamisa, lapho bebuyela emuva, abakwazi ukuthola indawo yokukhosela yangaphambili futhi bambe izindima ezintsha nemisele. Ngenxa yensimu, amazwe ambozwe imidwebo eyenziwe ngamasosha asezandleni. Amahhashi amadlelo, izinkomo zingena kule migodi futhi ziphule imilenze yazo, okuyiqiniso, abanikazi bazo abazithandi. Lesi ngesinye isizathu sokuqothulwa kwe-armadillos.

Naphezu kokuhamba kwabo kancane, lapho bejaha i-knick armadillos, bazama ukusingcwaba ngokushesha emhlabathini, futhi bangakwenza ngokuphelele. Uma ngasizathu simbe isilwane asinaso isikhathi sokumba umgodi futhi sicashe engozini, bese sicindezelwa phansi, sifihle izingxenye zomzimba ezithambile ngaphansi kwegobolondo, okwenza singakwazi ukufinyelela kumzingeli.

Ingozi ebulalayo kuma-armadillos izimoto. Lokhu kungenxa yokucabanga kwezilwane ezishayayo. Ukuba ngaphansi komhlaba, ukuzwa umsindo wemoto edlula ngakuwo, ivele iphakame, icishe ibheke phezulu, ngenkathi ishaya phansi kwemoto ehambayo, egcina ngokudabukisayo isilo.

Incazelo

I-Armor iqukethe amapuleti amathambo ayisishiyagalolunye ashukumisayo ambozwe ngesikhumba se-keratinized (esikalini). Lesi sikali (i-osteoderm) sinikeza ukugoqa okunzima kepha okuguquguqukayo. I-Armor icishe ibe yi-16% yesisindo somzimba futhi ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: i-pelvic, ihlombe kanye ne-dorsal. Inani lamabhendi abonakalayo lingahluka kusuka ku-8 liye ku-11. Imicu ngayinye ihlukaniswa ungqimba oluncane lwezinwele kanye nezinwele. I-Osteoderm iyakhula futhi igqoke ngokungapheli, kodwa ingalokothi inyamalale ngokuphelele. Ubude bomzimba obujwayelekile buba ngu-0.75 m. Ubude obujwayelekile bemisila bubalelwa ku-0.3 m, buhlanganiswa ngamasongo we-12 - 15 wesikali (osteoderm).

Ikhanda limbozwe kancane ngezikali ezibunjiwe, ngaphandle kwezindlebe. Kuvikelwa ubulukhuni kanye nesikhumba esinolaka. Akukho zimpawu zokuvikela izinyawo ezintanjeni. Ubuso obukhulu bunombala opinki futhi bufana nengulube esesimweni. Ubuso, intamo nesisu kumbozwe ngenani elincane lezinwele. Ama-armadillos anemilenze eyisishiyagalolunye anemilenze emifushane: izinzwani ezi-4 ngaphambili nezinzwane ezi-5 ngemuva.

Isibalo samazinyo sisonke sisuka ku-28 siye ku-32. Zijwayelekile, zincanyana ngosayizi kanye namasilinda ngesimo. Amazinyo akhula kuyo yonke impilo ye-armadillo. Lezi zilwanyana ezincelisayo zinolimi olude, olunamathelayo ezizisebenzisayo ukubamba izinambuzane.

Isisindo sabesilisa singama-5.5 - 7.7 kg, nabesifazane - sisuka ku-3.6 kuya ku-6.0 kg. Ukushisa komzimba kuphansi, ngaphakathi kwe-30 ° -35 ° C. Njengoba unikezwe isisindo sawo, i-armadillos inezinga eliphansi le-basal metabolic of 384.4 kJ / ngosuku.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

Izilwane zingezilwane ezincelisayo. Babelwe eqenjini le-armadillos. Ososayensi bathi lezi zilwane zavela emhlabeni emuva ezinsukwini zama-dinosaurs. Lokhu kucishe kube yizigidi ezingama-50-55 ezedlule. Amabhethri ayikashintshi okuningi kusukela lapho, ngaphandle kokwehla okukhulu ngosayizi.

Okhokho basendulo balezi zinhlobo bafinyelela ubude obungaphezu kwamamitha amathathu. Lawa abamele izimbali nezilwane zikwazile ukusinda futhi zilondoloze ukubukeka kwazo kwasekuqaleni ngenxa yokuba khona kwegobolondo elenziwe ngamapulangwe aminyene, elalivikela ngokuqinile ezitheni nasezinhlekeleleni zemvelo.

Indawo

Ama-armadillos anamagobongo ayisishiyagalolunye atholakala eSouth, Central kanye naseNyakatho Melika, futhi anendawo enkulu kunazo zonke yokuhlala phakathi kwezinhlobo ezikhona zomndeni we-armadillo, kusukela e-Argentina nase-Uruguay, enqamula eMelika Ephakathi kanye naseningizimu ye-United States.

Ukubukeka nokuziphatha kwezimpi zempi

Ngokubonisa kubonisa ukuthi i-armadillo ibukeka kanjani, isithombe. Kukhombisa ukuthi lesi silwane umbala onsundu-ophuzi. Ingxenye engenhla yekhanda, umsila, emuva imbozwe ngegobolondo, eliqukethe izihlangu ezi-4 nezingu-6. Maphakathi nomhlane kukhona okuthiwa amabhande - imigqa eshintshayo yamapuleti ashukumisayo. Imvamisa kune-6 noma i-7, inesimo se-oblong-quadrangular.

Ngaphansi kwamehlo, asekhanda elibanzi nelicaba, kukhona nezihlangu, kepha ziqondile. Isikali esime ngokungaxhunyiwe ku-6 sibekwe phambi kwezandulelo engxenyeni engenhla yama-paws. Ama-armadillos anezinwele ezinde ezibunjiwe emabunzini awo, ezisiza lezi zilwane ukuba zimbele imigodi kanye namaphasi angaphansi komhlaba. Esihlangwini nasemuva - Izihlahlana ezi-5.

Ngisho kuleyo ngxenye yomzimba lapho kungekho zikali eziqinile zokuvikela, isikhumba siqine. Unamaphiko, warty, embozwe ngezinwele ezimahara. Izinwele ezinjalo zikhula emhlane, zenze indlela yazo phakathi kwemigqa yamapuleti. Kungakho la armadillos abizwa nge- "bristly".

I-Armadillas inamazinyo ayi-16-18, ama-8-9 emhlathini ngamunye. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amazinyo awanayo i-enamel coating kanye nezimpande. Isilwane sinomsila omude, ngokwesilinganiso - cm ezingama-24, umzimba womuntu omdala ungafinyelela isigamu semitha ubude. Ukushisa komzimba kwe-armadillos kungahluka. Kuya ngezinga lokushisa lomoya.

Izindlela zokuphila ezimnyama nobusuku zingaphansi komhlaba kuholele ekutheni i-bristle armadillos inomqondo omuhle kakhulu wephunga nokuzwa, futhi umbono awunakuziqhayisa nge-acuity enjalo. I-Armadillos idinga umoya-mpilo ongaphansi kwezinye izilwane eziningi ezincelisayo ezisilinganayo. Imigwaqo yomoya ye-armadillos iyizinsimbi, iyindawo yokugcina umoya. Ngakho-ke, lezi zilwane azikwazi ukuphefumula imizuzu eminingana, okuwusizo olukhulu kakhulu empilweni yaphansi.

Zonke lezi zimfanelo zasiza izinhlobo ze-armadillos ukuthi zisinde ngenkathi yezinhlekelele zemvelo, ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lwempilo seluphile iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-55! Shono lezi zilwane zibizwa nge- "dinosaurs ephaketheni." Ngemuva kwakho konke, amadlozi akude wezempi abephila ngenkathi yama-dinosaurs.

Isikhathi sokuphila nokukhiqizwa kwe-armadillos

Ngokuqondene nama-marsupials, ukuba khona kwenkathi ye-latent kuwuphawu lwe-armadillos yabesifazane. Kulokhu, ngemuva kokufakwa komanyolo, umbungu wesikhathi esithile umiswa ekuthuthukisweni, ngokuba semzimbeni womama. Ukukhulelwa uqobo lwazo kubantu besifazane kuhlala izinyanga ezimbili, kuvame kakhulu onyakeni 2.

Ngenxa yalowo nalowo, amawundlu ama-2 ajwayele ukuzalwa - owesilisa nowesifazane. Asevele abonwa futhi abukeka njengabazali bawo - nawo ambozwe ngegobolondo lophondo, kodwa namanje aluthambile, kepha maduze azokuba lukhuni. Umama ubondla ubisi isikhathi esingangenyanga, khona-ke amawundlu aqala ukushiya imbobo futhi kancane kancane ajwayele ukudla kwabantu abadala.

Eminyakeni engu-2 ubudala, ama-armadillos axubile avuthwa ngokocansi futhi aqhubeke nomjaho wawo ngokuya phambili. I-bristle armadillos ihlala ku-vivo ngokwesilinganiso seminyaka eyi-10-16. Ekudingisweni, lesi sibalo sikhulu; kunamacala lapho lezi zilwane ziphila iminyaka eyi-23.

Ukuzala

I-Armadillos ibonwe iyaqhakaza ngesikhathi sasehlobo. Njengomthetho, ziyizilwane ezihlala zodwa, ngakho-ke ukusondela kowesifazane nowesilisa akujwayelekile. Kukholakala ukuthi owesilisa ugcina lokhu kusondele kowesifazane ukuze afune amalungelo akhe futhi amvikele nakwabanye abesilisa. Kwezinye izimo, abesilisa balwela owesifazane oyedwa. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukugcina ukusondela kuvumela owesilisa ukuthi anqume ukuthi insikazi isengozini yokuzalelana. Ukukhishwa okuvela ezinjeni ezihlangene kungaba nephunga elihlukile ngesikhathi se-estrus.

Abesifazane bane-clitoris enkulu yangaphandle, kanti abesilisa baswele i-scrotum yangaphandle kanti ama-testes angaphakathi. Iningi labesifazane linama-estrus kanye ngonyaka, imvamisa ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, iqanda elilodwa kuphela elivundiswa. Ama-Blastocysts ahlala esibelethweni cishe amaviki ayi-14 ngaphambi kokufakwa. Okusho ukuthi, lapho i-ebuswenitocyst ekugcineni inamathela odongeni lwesibeletho, ihlukaniswe ngemibungu emine efanayo. Umbungu ngamunye ukhula ngemithambo ye-amniotic. Le nqubo ye-embryonic icishe iholele ekuzalweni kwezine ezinezimpawu ezifanayo.

Cubs zivame ukuzalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-4 zokukhulelwa. Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kudambisiwe kuvumela inzalo ukuba ivele entwasahlobo lapho ifudumele futhi ukudla sekugcwele.

Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, ama-armadillos afana kakhulu nabazali bawo, amancane kuphela. Amehlo avuleka ngokushesha, kepha ukubhuka kwawo kuqina kuphela emva kwamasonto ambalwa. Ukuthuthuka okugcwele kanye nokuthomba kutholakala eminyakeni yobudala emi-3 noma emi-4.

Isimo nendlela yokuphila yengubo

Lapho lapho kuhlala khona isilwane se-armadillo, insimu ibonakala ngenhlabathi enesihlabathi. Bakha amakhaya abo eduzane ne-anthill. Eduze komthombo wokudla.

Indlela yokuphila eyedwa. Nabanye abamele le nhlobo baxhumana kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala. Zonke amahora zasemini zichithwa ngemisele, futhi ebusuku bakhethelwa ukuzingela kuphela.

Ingozi encane eyethusayo impi ebomvu. Igwala ngokushesha lizimboza esihlabathini. Kulokhu, imizuzu embalwa yanele kubo, ngaphandle kwesizathu kubhekwa njengabadwebi abahle kakhulu. Ngosizo lwezimpondo ezinde babamba isihlabathi.

Kusukela ohlangothini, le ukunyakaza kufana nokubhukuda. Ukubhukuda kwesihlabathi kunembile ekunyakazeni kwayo futhi kuvikela ikhanda labo ekungcoleni ngenkathi bemba izimbobo. Imilenze yangemuva isetshenziswa kuphela ukuqhubekela phambili ngaphansi komhlaba.

Ukuze bazisindise ezitheni, ama-armadillos asebenzisa ubuqili kanye ne-carapace. Uma umhlaseli enquma ukungena emgodini wabo, izimpi zivimba umnyango ngamapuleti alo amathambo.

Kubukeka sengathi ukhokho uvimbele indlela, futhi inyamazane ayinalo ithuba lokuthola inyamazane yayo. Uma ufuna ukuba nesilwane esingajwayelekile futhi unqume thenga isilwane se-armadillo, yazi ukuthi imibandela yegumbi yokulungiswa kwayo ngeke isebenze.

Zonke izinhlobo ze-armadillos zingagcinwa ekudingisweni, kepha zinhlobo ezi-2 kuphela ezifanele kakhulu. Izilwane ezikhule ekuthunjweni, zilula kunezihlobo zasendle, zijwayela abantu, zibanikeze uthando lwabo, ubumnandi behlaya nomoya omuhle. Ngakho-ke ngendima pet armadillo Ibhola elinemilenze eyisishiyagalolunye nelinezinyawo ezintathu.

Le mpi enezimpondo eziyisishiyagalolunye inomlingiswa ohlekisayo. Ungumngane ongathandani naye, okujabulisa ukubukwa. I-arm armlolo yebhola yiyona ehlukile ngqo kulamabhele ayisishiyagalolunye.

Uphila impilo esebenzayo, usejwayela futhi uyayazi inkosi yakhe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iba yimbi ngokuphelele. Ungadlala naye. Uphendula ngesidlaliso agijime alandele inkosi yakhe.

Zombili lezi zinhlobo azikhombisi zimpawu zobudlova kubantu futhi zivumelana nezimo kalula endaweni entsha.Kodwa akufanele ulindele ukuthi impi izofeza imiyalo, ngoba ayinabo ubuhlakani obukhethekile.

Amandla we-Armadillo

Imenyu eyinhloko yempi iqukethe izinambuzane, izibungu, iminenke kanye nezikhala ezincane. Lesi silwane singumhlaseli. Lesi silwane esidla inyama sidla izintuthwane nezibungu, ngakho-ke indlu yaso, kaningi, ayikho kude ne-anthill.

Ekudleni kwalesi silwane esinezinyoni kukhona nokudla okutshaliwe, yize kuncane kakhulu kunokudla kwezilwane. Ingxenye yemifino yemenyu iqukethe amaqabunga nezimpande zezitshalo.

Esithombeni, i-armadillo encane

Indlela yokuphila kanye neHititat

Inani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezilwane alifundiswanga kahle ososayensi. Inqwaba yezilwane ihola indlela yokuphila yobusuku, kepha imisebenzi ingahluka ngokuya ngesimo sezulu kanye nobudala bempi. Abantu abasha bangashiya izimbobo zabo ekuseni kakhulu noma basondele ekudleni kwakusihlwa. Ngenkathi ebandayo, izilwane nazo ziyasebenza phakathi nosuku.

Izilwane zithanda ukuhlala zodwa futhi ngezikhathi ezithile zijoyina ngababili. Iningi losuku lichithwa emibhedeni, ebusuku bayaphuma bayodla. Zihamba kancane futhi ngokucophelela, zivame ukuma ukushaya umoya.

Ukudelela kwabo kubukeka kabi. Izandla zomkhwezeli ziphumula onyaweni, nezandulelayo ezingubeni zamawele. Igobolondo elisindayo elimnyama nalo liyakuvimbela ukuhamba ngokushesha, kepha uma kwenzeka kuhlaselwa abalimele bangathuthukisa isivinini futhi bacashe ngokushesha emgodini noma esihlahleni esiminyene.

I-Armadillos imvamisa iba inyamazane yezilwane ezahlukahlukene: izimpisi, izingwe, amabhere, izindunduma namajinja. Bazingelwa nangabantu, babulala izilwane ngenxa yenyama ethambile, enambitha njengengulube negobolondo eliqinile eliyingqayizivele, isetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwezixhobo zomculo wesintu.

I-Latin America ibhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa kwesilwane, kodwa kuhlala i-armadillo naseNingizimu Melika, Ephakathi naseNyakatho Melika, kanye naseMexico. Emazweni amaningi, lesi silwane singaphansi kokuvikelwa kombuso, kanti izinhlobo eziningi sifakwe ku-Red Book, kepha ngaphandle kwalokhu ziyaqhubeka nokubhujiswa. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngezinhlobo ezinkulu, esezivelakancane kakhulu. Isitsha singabonakala abantu abancane, ubude be-18 kuya ku-80 cm.

Amaqiniso athakazelayo mayelana nempi

Izilwane America Armadillo isitolo sangempela samaqiniso amangalisayo:

• Balala kuze kufike emahoreni ayi-14 - 19 ngosuku.
• Babona konke kumnyama nokumhlophe.
• Bayakwazi ukubamba umoya wabo, ngenxa yokuthi bacasha kuzo izisulu ezansi ezansi yedamu lapho zihamba ngezinyawo.
• Yizo kuphela izilwane phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo ezingathinteka uchoko.
• Abesabi abantu, futhi bangagibela baye ezindlini beyofuna ukudla.
• Abesifazane ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle bangabambezela ukuthuthukiswa kokukhulelwa.
• Lapho isilwane simba umgodi, awuphefumuli, ukuze umhlaba ungangeni emgudwini wokuphefumula.
• Abantu abadala banephunga elihle kakhulu, bayakwazi ukuhogela inyamazane ibanga elingaphansi kuka-10-15 cm ngaphansi komhlaba.
• Ubude bezipho ngomunwe ophakathi kwendondo enkulu bufika ku-18 cm. Isilwane siyakwazi ukudabula amagxolo aqinile ezihlahla nezindunduma zentaba ngokufuna ukudla.
• Izinzuzo zempi yempi ingaphezu kokulimala. Bacekela phansi izinambuzane zezolimo.
• Imisele yezilwane ingaba ejulile impela, futhi ifinyelele kumamitha angama-5-7, inamagatsha ahlukahlukene nezindatshana, futhi phansi kwendlu yembozwe ngamahlamvu owomile.
• Abesilisa, okufakazela ukuthi baphakeme kunabobulili obuhlukile, bangahlela ukulwa. Bazama ukushaya umphikisi emhlane wabo ukuze bakwazi ukufinyelela ezindaweni ezingavikelekile kakhulu.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-armadillo ebunjiwe ayakhi ikhaya layo ngezinsimbi ezibukhali, kodwa ngekhanda. Isilwane siwunamathela emhlabathini bese siqala ukuguquka, kube sengathi siyangena kuso. Ngakho-ke, akagcini nje ngokumba umgodi, kodwa futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo uthola ukudla futhi akudle.

Ukubukeka nezimpawu

Photo: Animal Armadillo

Ukugqama kwalezi zilwane ezihlukile kulele egobolondweni. Ineminyango eminingana exhunyiwe komunye nomunye: inhloko, ihlombe ne-pelvic. Ukuxhumeka kuhlinzekwa ngendwangu ye-elastic. Ngenxa yalokhu, yonke iminyango inokushukumiseka okwanele. Futhi emzimbeni kukhona imichilo emise okwendandatho eyimboza ingemuva nezinhlangothi. Ngokuqondene nokuba khona kwamaqembu anjalo, enye yezinhlobo ibizwa ngokuthi ibhande lesishiyagalolunye. Ngaphandle, igobolondo limbozwe imichilo, noma izikwele ze-epidermis.

Izimbambo zesilo zivikelwe nezikhali. Isigaba somsila simbozwe ngamapuleti wezicubu zamathambo. Isisu kanye nengaphakathi elingaphezulu lemilensi kuthambile futhi kunesikhumba esithambile, esimbozwe izinwele ezinzima. Izinwele zingamboza noma amapuleti wesikhumba akhiwe phezu kwegobolondo.

Izilwane zingaba nombala ohlukahlukene kakhulu. Kusuka kumdaka omnyama kuya kupinki okhanyayo. I-hairline ingaba mnyama, ibe mpunga, noma imhlophe ngokuphelele. Impi yempi, yize ingekho encane, inomzimba omkhulukazi, omzimba omude futhi osindayo kakhulu. Ubude bomzimba womuntu oyedwa omdala buhlukahluka kusuka ku-20 kuye ku-100 cm. Isisindo somzimba singama-50-95 kilogramu.

Ubude bomsila womzimba ngamasentimitha angama-7-45. Isibalo se-armadillos asisikhulu kakhulu emzimbeni. Kungaba yindilinga, ubude, noma unxantathu ngesimo. Amehlo mancane, ambozwe imisebe yesikhumba eyindilinga, eyinkimbinkimbi.

Imilenze yezilwane imfushane, kepha iqinile kakhulu. Zenzelwe ukumba izimbobo ezinkulu. I-Forefeet ingafakwa kathathu noma ifakwe emihlanu. Emilenzeni kukhona imiphetho emide, ebukhali futhi egobile. Imilenze yangemuva yesilwane inemifino emihlanu. Kusetshenziselwa kuphela ukunyakaza ngemisele engaphansi komhlaba.

Iqiniso elithandekayo. I-Armadillos yizo kuphela izilwane ezincelisayo ezingenayo inani elijwayelekile lamazinyo. Kubantu abahlukahlukene, bangasukela kwabangu-27 kuye kwabangu-90. Isibalo sabo sincike ebulilini, yobudala, nasezinhlotsheni.

Amazinyo akhula empilweni yonke. Embhalweni womlomo kunolimi olude olusimbozwe ngento ebonakalayo, esetshenziswa izilwane ukubamba ukudla. I-Armadillos inokuzwa okuhle nokunambitheka okuhle. Umbono kulezi zilwane awuthuthukiswa kahle. Abawuboni umbala, bahlukanisa kuphela ama-silhouette. Izilwane azikubekezeleli amazinga aphansi okushisa, futhi izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo lincike ekushiseni okukhona, futhi lingasukela kuma-37 kuya kwangama-31 degrees.

IBristled Armadillos eMosco Zoo

Uma ungahleleli ukuya eNingizimu Melika, kepha ufuna ukubona lezi zilwane ezimangalisa ngamehlo akho, bese uvakashela i-Zoo yaseMoscow. Isilwane sokuqala esifana nalapha kungenzeka sabonwa emuva ngo-1964. Kepha isilo asihlali lapha unomphela, kepha silethwe isikhashana, njengengxenye yezilwane "ezihamba". Wayebambe iqhaza ezinkulumweni ngomboniso wezilwane.

Ngo-1975, iqembu “elivakashile” laphinde lafika e-zoo. Phakathi kwabo bekukhona owesimame nowesilisa owabelwa izimpi zamabhande ayisishiyagalolunye. Kepha inzalo eyayilindelwe evela kubo ekudingisweni ayitholakalanga. Ngo-1985, lokhu kuthunyelwa ngesihluku kufaka phakathi izikhali eziyisikhombisa eziyisikhombisa ezivela eBuenos Aires. Ngemuva kwalokho badluliselwa eRiga Zoo.

Kusukela ngonyaka ka-2000, ama-armadillos abelokhu ehlala e-zoo ngokuqhubekayo. Zizinze kanye nama-sloth endaweni ebiyelwe "iToothless", okuhlangana ngayo kahle. Le pavilion itholakala phakathi kwensimu endala netsha, eduze kwebhuloho.

Isici esisodwa esithandekayo se-bristled armadillo saholela ekungaqondisini. Isilwane sivele sathanda ukulala emhlane waso, ngesikhathi sokuphumula okunjalo ngokushesha ngeminwe. Izivakashi zacabanga ukuthi impi ibingalungile, futhi yaphuthuma ifuna abasebenzi be-zoo ukuthola usizo. Lokhu kwenzeke kaningi. Ngakho-ke, abasebenzi banquma ukwenza umbhalo, bathi lesi silwane sithanda ukulala emhlane waso, futhi manje ukungaqondi okunjalo akwenzeki.

Kuyathakazelisa ukubona ukuthi ezindaweni ezibekelwe ukubekelwa phansi kancane, kungabonakali kalula ukuthi ziqhubekela phezulu phezulu emagatsheni, futhi i-armadillos igijima ngokushesha emhlabathini.

E-zoo, ama-bristle armadillos amaqanda adliwayo, inyama, ubisi, ushizi wekhokho, izithelo ezomisiwe, izithelo ezintsha, okusanhlamvu. Konke lokhu kuxutshwe, kunezelwa ezinye izinto, bese izilwane ziyakujabulela ukudla lokhu.

Ngabe impi ihlala kuphi?

Photo: Armadillo in South America

Izindawo zendawo yokuhlala yezilwane:

• EMelika Ephakathi
• INingizimu Melika
• EMpumalanga Mexico
• EFlorida
• IGeorgia
• I-South Carolina,
• I-Trinidad Island,
• I-Tobago Island,
• Isiqhingi saseMargarita
• Isiqhingi saseGrenada
• I-Argentina
• EChile
• IParaguay

Njengendawo yokuhlala, armadillos zikhetha isimo sezulu esishisayo, esishisayo nesomile. Zingahlala emahlathini angavamile, emathafeni otshani, ezigodini zemithombo yamanzi, nasezindaweni ezinezitshalo eziphansi. Zingahlala futhi emaweni, ezindaweni zamahlathi emvula, ogwadule.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemininingwane evela kubameli bezwe lezilwane zikhetha isifunda sabo nezimo zokuphila. Isibonelo, i-furry armadillo ihlala ezintabeni. Ingakhuphukela ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-2000 kuya kuma-500 ngaphezu kolwandle.

Izimpi azinamahloni ngokusondela komuntu. Ama-spadical armadillos ahlukaniswa umlingiswa wencwadi ekhalazayo. Ungajwayela ukusondela njalo kumuntu. Uma naye emondla futhi engakhombisi ulaka, uyakwazi ukudlala naye. Izilwane zinamandla okuhlala ngokushesha futhi zijwayele imvelo entsha lapho ziguqula indawo yazo yokuhlala.

Ngabe kudlani i-armadillo?

Isithombe: Mammal Armadillo

Lapho ihlala ezimweni zemvelo, idla ukudla kwezilwane nezizinda zemvelaphi. Umthombo oyinhloko wokudla osetshenziswa ama-armadillos ngentokozo enkulu kunazo zonke izintuthwane namahlume. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-armadillos zingama-omnivores. Le mpi enezinyawo eziyisishiyagalolunye ibhekwa njengento engavikelekile.

Okufakwa ekudleni:

Bangazidlela izilwane ezincane zangaphakathi, njengamaqhude. Musa ukudelela u-carrion, imfucuza yokudla, imifino, izithelo. Amaqanda ezinyoni adliwe. Njengokudla kwezitshalo, kungadla amaqabunga amnandi, kanye nezimpande zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Imvamisa kuba nezimo zokuhlaselwa kwezinyoka. Bayazihlasela, basika umzimba wenyoka ngezeluleko ezibukhali zesikali.

Iqiniso elithandekayo. Umuntu oyedwa omdala uyakwazi ukudla izintuthwane ezingama-35,000 ngasikhathi.

Ukusesha izinambuzane, izilwane zisebenzisa ama-paws anamandla anezinhlwayi ezinkulu, lapho zimba umhlaba futhi zizimbele. Lapho elambile, ahamba kancane ngesibalo sawo phansi nezitshalo ezomile ezigcwele. Izinzipho ezinamandla, ezibukhali zikuvumela ukuba uhlole izihlahla ezomile, iziqu futhi uqoqe izinambuzane ezinamathelayo zicashe lapho.

Iqiniso elithandekayo. Izikhafu ezinkulu, eziqinile zingasesha i-asphalt.

Imvamisa, ama-armadillos enza izimbobo zawo eduze kwama-anthill amakhulu, ukuze ukwelashwa okuthandayo kuhlale kuseduze. Le mpi enamabhubhu ayisishiyagalolunye ingenye yalezo zinhlobo ezingadliwayo ngobuningi bezintuthwane zomlilo. Izilwane azesabi ukuluma kwazo okubuhlungu. Bemba izindunduma, bedla inqwaba yezintuthwane nezibungu zabo. Ebusika, ekuqaleni kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, lapho cishe kungenakwenzeka ukuthola izinambuzane, ziguqukela ekudleni kwesitshalo.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Photo: Ibhuku Lempi Ebomvu

Izilwane zivame ukuhola impilo esebenzayo ebusuku. Abantu abasha nabo bangasebenza ngesikhathi sasemini. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo kanye nokwehla okukhulu kokudla, bangashiya nezindawo zabo zokukhosela phakathi nosuku beyofuna ukudla.

Ezimweni eziningi, ama-armadillos ayizilwane ezihlala zodwa. Ngaphandle kokungajwayelekile, bakhona ngababili noma njengengxenye yeqembu elincane. Isikhathi esiningi abasichitha kwimigodi etholakala ngaphansi komhlaba, baphuma nokuqala kobumnyama beyofuna ukudla.

Isilwane ngasinye sihlala endaweni ethile. I-Armadillos yenza imisele eminingana endaweni yayo yokuhlala. Inani labo lingaba kusuka ku-2 kuye ku-11-14. Ubude bomgodi ngamunye ongaphansi komhlaba bungamamitha amathathu kuya kwamathathu. Emgodini ngamunye, lesi silwane sichitha izinsuku eziningana kuya enyangeni. Imisele imvamisa ayijulile, ibekwe ngokuthe tyaba ebusweni bomhlaba. Ngayinye yazo inokungena okukodwa noma okubili. Kaningi, ngenxa yokungaboni kahle ngemuva kokuzingela, izilwane azikwazi ukuthola umnyango wendlu yazo futhi zenze entsha. Ngesikhathi sokucwilisa, izilwane zivikela amakhanda awo esihlabathini. Izingalo zesibindi azibandakanyi nasekumba imigodi.

Isilwane ngasinye sishiya umaki onephunga elithile endaweni ehlala kuyo. Imfihlo ifikelwa yizindlala ezikhethekile ezigxilwe ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba. I-Armadillos ukubhukuda okuhle kakhulu. Isisindo esikhulu somzimba negobolondo elisindayo aliphazamisi ngenkathi kubhukuda, njengoba izilwane zithola inani elikhulu lomoya, ezibavimbela ukuba bangashoni phansi.

Izilwane zibonakala zixakile, zixakile futhi zihamba kancane. Uma bezwa ingozi, bayakwazi ukuzingcwaba ngokushesha emhlabathini. Uma isilwane sishaqiswa okuthile, sihlaba phezulu kakhulu. Uma, lapho ingozi isondela, impi yempi ayinasikhathi sokuzingcwaba emhlabathini, iyanamathela kuyo, ifihle ikhanda layo, izingalo nomsila wayo phansi kwegobolondo. Le ndlela yokuzivikela ibenza bangakwazi ukufinyelela ekuhlaselweni yizitha. Futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuphunyuka ekuxoshweni kungakha isivinini esifanelekile.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Photo: Young armadillo

Isikhathi somshado siyisikhathi sonyaka, imvamisa kakhulu ehlobo. Abesilisa bebelokhu benakekela abesifazane isikhathi eside. Ngemuva kokuzalela, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka, okuthatha izinsuku ezingama-60-70.

Iqiniso elithandekayo. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kombungu ezinsikazi, ukukhula kwawo kuyabambezeleka. Isikhathi sokubambezeleka okunjalo sisuka ezinyangeni eziningana siye onyakeni owodwa nesigamu kuya eminyakeni emibili.

Inqubo enjalo iyadingeka ukuze inzalo ivele phakathi kwezimo zezulu ezinhle kakhulu, ezizokhulisa amathuba okusinda kwamawundlu.

Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, insikazi eyodwa evuthiwe ngocansi ingazala ikonyana elilodwa kuya kwamane. Ukuzalwa kwenzalo akwenzeki kube kanye ngonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yesithathu yabesifazane abavuthiwe ngokobulili abahlanganyeli ekuzaleni futhi abazali abantwana. Izinsana zizalwa zincanyana. Ngamunye wabo ngokuzalwa uyabona futhi unegobolondo elithambile, hhayi elikhanyisiwe. Ingena ngokuphelele ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisikhombisa.

Iqiniso elithandekayo. Izinhlobo ezithile zezilwane, kufaka phakathi i-armadillos enamabala ayisishiyagalolunye, ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza amawele amaqanda angawodwa. Kungakhathalekile inani lamawundlu azalwa emhlabeni, wonke azoba amaduna noma amaduna futhi aqhamuke eqandeni elilodwa.

Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa bezelwe baqala ukuhamba. Kwenyanga eyodwa nesigamu, amawundlu adla ubisi lwebele. Inkambu yenyanga, kancane kancane bayishiya imbobo futhi bajoyine ukudla kwabantu abadala. Isikhathi sokuthomba kwabesilisa nabesifazane siqala ukufika eminyakeni eyodwa nesigamu kuya eminyakeni emibili.

Kwezinye izikhathi, lapho insikazi ingenalo ubisi, futhi kungekho lutho lokondla amawundlu ngesimo sokwethuka, ingadla eyayo. Isilinganiso sokuphila esijwayelekile esimweni semvelo siyiminyaka engama-7 kuya kweli-133, ekudingisweni sikhuphukela eminyakeni engama-20.

Izitha zemvelo ze-armadillos

Photo: Animal Armadillo

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi imvelo inikeze ama-armadillos ngokuvikelwa okuthembekile, angaba isisulu sabazingeli abakhulu futhi baqine. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abamele abamele inyathi nomndeni we-canine. Ama-alligators, izingwenya zingabuye zizingele i-armadillos.

I-Armadillos ayesabi ukusondela komuntu. Ngakho-ke, zivame ukuzinzwa amakati nezinja ezifuywayo. Futhi isizathu sokuqothulwa kwezilwane ngumuntu. Ubulawa ngenhloso yokukhipha inyama nezinye izingxenye zomzimba lapho kwenziwa izikhumbuzo nobucwebecwebe.

Imbangela yokuqothulwa ngabantu ilimaza imfuyo. Amadlelo aboshwe ngezimbobo zama-armadillos ayimbangela yokuqhekeka kwezitho zomndeni. Lokhu kuphoqa abalimi ukuthi baqothule izilwane.Inani elikhulu lezilwane liyafa ngaphansi kwamasondo ezimoto emgwaqweni omkhulu.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Photo: Yempi South America

Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo ezine kweziyisithupha ezikhona ze-armadillos zibhalwe kwi-International Red Book. Izazi zesayensi yezemvelo zithi enye yezinhlobo zezilwane, eyimpi enam maoto amathathu, kungenzeka ukuthi isivele iqediwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuzala okuphansi. Ingxenye yesithathu yabesifazane abavuthiwe ngokobulili abahlanganyeli ekuzaleni. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-armadillos zingakwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha zingamawundlu ayishumi. Kodwa-ke, ingxenye yabo kuphela iyasinda.

Isikhathi eside impela, abantu baseMelika babhubhisa i-armadillos ngenxa yenyama ethambile nenambithekayo. Namuhla, eNyakatho Melika, inyama yabo isabhekwa njengokudla okumnandi kakhulu. Eminyakeni engama-20-30s yekhulu lama-20 ayebizwa ngokuthi amawundlu futhi enza amasheya enyama, abhubhisa izilwane. Izindlela zokuzivikela ngesimo segobolondo zizenza zibe lula izisulu kumuntu, ngoba azibaleki, kepha kunalokho, zimane nje zilingane. Enye yezizathu zokuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane ukubhujiswa kwendawo yemvelo, kanye nokuqothulwa kwamahlathi.

I-Armadillo Guard

Isithombe: U-Armadillo ovela encwadini ebomvu

Ukuze kugcinwe izinhlobo zezilwane futhi zande inani lazo, izinhlobo ezine zezilwane eziyisithupha ezikhona zibhalwe kwiNcwadi Ebomvu yamazwe omhlaba ezinesimo 'sezilwane ezisengozini'. Ezindaweni ezakhiwe izimpi zempi, ukubhujiswa kwazo kwenqatshiwe, futhi ukugawulwa kwamahlathi nakho kukhawulelwe.

I-Armadillo iyisilwane esimangalisayo esaziwa ngegama lokuhlonipha amasosha aseSpain, ayegqoke izembatho zensimbi. Banekhono eliyingqayizivele lokuhamba ngaphansi kwamanzi ukubamba umoya wabo imizuzu engaphezu kwesikhombisa. Kuze kube manje, indlela yokuphila nezindlela zokuziphatha zezilwane azizange zifundwe ngokuphelele ngabasebenza ngezilwane.

Izinhlobo, incazelo nezithombe ze-armadillos

Lezi zilwane azikwazi ukubizwa ngama-lightweights, noma kunjalo, uma ziqhathaniswa nezinye izihlobo zazo zakudala, abantu banamuhla bamane nje bancane.

Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 zama-armadillos namuhla. Okukhulu kunayo yonke i-arm armlolo enkulu (i-Priodontes maximus). Ubude bomzimba wakhe bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5, isilo sinesisindo esingama-30-65 kg, kanti ama-hyplodonts aqothulayo afinyelela usayizi wobhejane futhi anesisindo esingama-800 noma ngaphezulu kg. Ezinye izindlela zokuqothuka zazizinkulu kangangokuba amaNdiya aseNingizimu Melika asendulo asebenzisa amagobolondo awo njengophahla.

Okuncane kakhulu yi-lamellar (pink) armadillo (Chlamyphorus truncatus). Ubude bomzimba wakhe abudluli ku-16 cm, futhi unesisindo esingu-80-100 amagremu.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu nezifundwe kunazo zonke yempi yempi enamabala ayisishiyagalolunye (isithombe ngezansi).

Lapho kuvela amaqhawe ethu, okuphawuleka kakhulu yisitolo sokuqina esimboze umzimba ongaphezulu. Ivikela i-armadillos ezilwaneni ezidla lubi futhi inciphisa ukulimala okuvela ezilwaneni eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho izilwane kufanele zigeleze njalo. I-carapace iqala kusuka esikhumbeni sesikhumba futhi iqukethe amapuleti omthambo noma isikali esimbozwe ngaphandle nge-kermatinized epidermis. Izihlangu ezibanzi nezilukhuni zimboze amahlombe okhalweni, futhi maphakathi emuva kunenombolo ehlukile yamabhande (ukusuka kwayi-3 kuye kwali-13) exhunywe ungqimba lwesikhumba olushintshashintshayo phakathi kwawo. Ezinye izinhlobo zinezinwele ezimhlophe kuya kwezinsundu ezimnyama phakathi kwesikhafu.

Ingaphezulu lekhanda, umsila kanye nengaphandle lezinto eziwumkhawulo zivame ukuvikeleka (kuphela kulolo hlobo lwe-Cabassous umsila olungamboziwe ngezihlangu). Ngaphansi komzimba kuhlala kungavikelekile ezilwaneni - kumbozwe kuphela izinwele ezithambile. Ngobungozi obuncane, izingalo ezingama-armadillos ezinemilenze emithathu zigoqa ebholeni elifana ne-hedgehogs, kusale amapuleti aqinile kuphela ekhanda nasemsileni atholakale. Ezinye izinhlobo zibuye zibuye nezikhala zazo ngaphansi kwesihlangu sowesifazane nesithambisayo bese ucindezela emhlabathini ngokuqinile. Ngisho nezitha ezinkulu kakhulu azikwazi ukukhipha isilwane ngaphansi kwezikhali ezinamandla.

Kulesi sithombe, izimpi ezinezimpondo ezintathu zaphenduka ibhola.

Umbala wegobolondo uvame ukuhlukahluka kusuka kokuphuzi kuya ku-brown, kwezinye izinhlobo igobolondo lipinki.

Izimbambo ezinamandla zangaphambili nezisemuva ezinezandla ezinkulu ezibukhali ziyabasiza ukuba bambe. Kuneminwe emi-5 eshayiwe emilenzeni yangemuva, futhi ebunzini langaphambili inani lazo liyahlukahluka lisuka ku-3 liye ku-5 ezinhlotsheni ezihlukile. Ku-armadillos enkulu futhi engenamisila, izindwani zangaphambili zikhulisiwe kakhulu, ezizisiza zivule izindunduma zezintaba nezinsimbi.

I-Central American yempi (isithombe ngezansi) inezinhlayiya ezi-5 ezigoqekile emilenzeni yangaphambili, ephakathi inamandla amakhulu. Isitha sakhe asijwayelekile neze - ubeka imilenze yakhe yezinja ngezithende (ukuhamba-kokuhamba), bese imilenze yakhe yangaphambili ihlala kwizimpandla zakhe (ukuhamba ngomunwe).

Umbono wezimpi awubalulekile. Basebenzisa ukuzwa okuthuthukile nomqondo wokuhogela ukuthola izinyamazane nezitha. Ukuhogela kuyabasiza nokuthi babone izihlobo, futhi ngesikhathi sokuzala bazise ngesimo sokuzala sowobulili obuhlukile. Isibonakaliso esiyingqayizivele se-anatomical sowesilisa - ipenis - singesinye kunazo zonke phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo (kwezinye izinhlobo zifinyelela ku-2/3 ubude bomzimba). Isikhathi eside, ama-armadillos ayethathwa njengukuphela kwezilwane ezincelisayo, ngaphandle kwabantu, ukuqondana kubhekene, yize manje ososayensi sebethole ukuthi lokhu akunjalo: abesilisa bagibela izinsikazi besuka ngemuva, njengazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo.

Indlela yokuphila ye-Armadillo

Kufanele kuthiwe indlela yokuphila yezinhlobo eziningi ze-armadillos emvelweni ayifundiswanga kahle, futhi imizamo yokuzahlula ukuze kwenziwe ucwaningo ngokudingiswa ayiphumelelanga. Ososayensi bazi kuphela ngokwanele mayelana nefomu elinamabande ayisishiyagalolunye, okwakuyinto yocwaningo lwesikhathi eside lwensimu.

Izinhlobo eziningi, ngaphandle kokuqabukela, azivezi ebusuku. Kodwa-ke, uhlobo lomsebenzi lungashintsha nobudala. Ngakho-ke, ukukhula okuncane kungabonakala ekuseni noma cishe ntambama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kubanda, ama-armadillos kwesinye isikhathi asebenza phakathi nosuku.

Bahlala, njengomthetho, bebodwa, kaningi ngababili noma ngamaqembu amancane. Bachitha iningi losuku emigodini yabo engaphansi komhlaba futhi bahlala ebusuku kuphela ukuyodla.

Imisele iyisibonakaliso esiqinisekile sokuba khona kwe-armadillos endaweni. Esizeni sabo, bmba kusuka emigodini engu-1 kuye kwayi-20, ngamunye ngamamitha ayi-1,5. Izilwane zihlala emgodini ofanayo kusukela ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuye kwezingama-30 zilandelana. Imisele imvamisa ayijulile, iya ngokuma ngezansi kobuso, ibe nokufakwa oku-1 noma okubili.

Igobolondo elisindayo alivimbeli izilwane ukuthi zibhukuda kahle. Zifaka kakhulu, ukuze zingangeni ngaphansi kwamanzi.

Ukuziphatha

Amaradados anamagobolondo ayisishiyagalombili ayizilwane zasebusuku noma zobusuku. Azizifihli, kepha engxenyeni esenyakatho yokusatshalaliswa kwazo, ama-armadillos aselula kakhulu ehlobo.

Bemba imisele, amakhala nezingalo. I-Armadillos ingaba nezimbobo eziningana, kufaka phakathi eyodwa yokwakha isidleke kanye nezinye ezincane njengezicupho zokudla. Lezi izilwane ezincelisayo zisebenzisa imvelo esemkhathini njengezidleke. Ngaphezu kokubhanqanisa inzalo noma ukukhulisa inzalo, ama-armadillos, njengomthetho, awabelani ngemibhede. Kodwa-ke, amacala okuhlala kwabantu abadala amaningi aqoshwa lapho kubanda khona.

I-Armadillos akuvamile ukuba nolaka komunye nomunye, yize umama okhulelwe noma ongumhlengikazi engazonda inzalo endala. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, abesilisa asebekhulile ngezinye izikhathi bakhombisa ukuziphatha okunolaka kwabesilisa abancane. Impi eshaqisayo ivame ukufuna umgodi, kuthi lapho ingena ngaphakathi igobe umhlane wayo futhi isakaze imilenze yayo ukuze kube nzima ukuyithola.

Ukuzijabulisa

Isikhathi sokukhwelana ezimpini zempi ziba kakhulu ezinyangeni zasehlobo. Ukuhlangana kuqala ngaphambi kokuphola nokufuna abesifazane ngenkani.

Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-60-65. Amasayizi we-brood mancane: ngokuya ngezinhlobo, kuzalwa amawundlu ayi-4 kuya kwane. Izinhlobo eziningi zizalanisa kanye ngonyaka, kanti ezinsikazi ezi-1/3 kubantu ngokuvamile azibambi iqhaza ngokuzalaniswa. Izinsana zizalwa zibonwa futhi zinegobolondo elithambile, eliqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kwaphela inyanga bedla ubisi lwebele, bese beqala ukushiya umgodi bese bekujwayela ukudla kwabantu abadala. I-Armadillos iba nocansi ngonyaka.

Ukubaluleka komnotho kumuntu: Okuhle

I-Armadillos, kufaka phakathi i-armadillos enamabala ayisishiyagalolunye, idlala indima ebalulekile ocwaningweni lwezokwelapha, njengoba isuthisa inani lama-protozoa, amagciwane kanye nesikhunta, elibhekele izifo zabantu. Bayizidlakudla ezibalulekile ezisebenzisa izilwanyana ezahlukahlukene zezolimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zibanjwa ngenxa yenyama nezikhali, ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza amathokheni ahlukahlukene.

Izitha

Yize izingalo zivikeleke kahle, zisengcupheni yokudla izitha. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezilwaneni ezincane: ukufa kwesizukulwane esincane kuphindeka kabili ukwedlula okwabantu abadala. Iningi licasulwa ama-coyotes, ama-lynxes abomvu, ama-cougars, ezinye izinyoni zezinyamazane ngisho nezinja ezifuywayo. Amancane awavikelekile ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuncane negobolondo elithambile. Futhi ama-jaguars, ama-alligator kanye namabhere amnyama angakwazi ukubhekana nesilwane esidala.

Ukuhambisana komnotho kubantu: Kubi

Ngaphandle kokubamba izinambuzane, i-armadillos ingadala ukulimala kubalimi. Badla izitshalo eziningana, kufaka phakathi amantongomane, ummbila nekhabe. Imisele yabo ibeka engcupheni izilwane zasemapulazini ezingase zingene ngephutha kuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisele ibanga ukuwenza buthaka umgwaqo namadamu. I-Armadillos nayo ingabathwali bezifo ezahlukahlukene.

Indlela Yokuphila Nempilo

I-Armadillos ihlala emaqeleni, ogwadule, emathafeni asogwini nasezihlathini zamaNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika. Impi kuphela enamabande ayisishiyagalolunye I-Dasypus novemcinctus etholakala enkabeni nasempumalanga mpumalanga ye-United States, ingena enyakatho iye eNebraska.

I-Armadillos iphila impilo yobusuku obusebusuku, icashe ngemisele phakathi nosuku. Iningi alishadi, abambalwa abashadayo namaqembu amancane. Bahola indlela yokuphila efana nomhlaba, bambe umhlaba ngokuphelele, bazimbele izimbobo futhi bazimbele nokudla. Bangagijima ngokushesha okukhulu, bayakwazi ukubhukuda. Uma kwenzeka ingozi, abaleke, acashe ehlathini, noma ngokushesha aphonseke emhlabathini. Kungama-armadillos amabale amathathu kuphela (Amamodeli) bayakwazi ukugoba ebholeni, njenge-hedgehog. Imigwaqo yomoya ye-armadillos iyizinsimbi futhi isebenza njengesihlambi somoya, ngakho-ke lezi zilwane zingabamba umoya wazo imizuzu engu-6. Lokhu kuyabasiza ukuwela izidumbu zamanzi (imvamisa ama-armadillos amane awele ezansi). Umoya odonswa emaphashini unxephezela isisindo segobolondo elisindayo, uvumele impi ukuba ihambe.

Iningi lama-armadillos lidla izinambuzane, kufaka phakathi izintuthwane namahlaya, izibungu zazo namanye ama-invertebrates, nazo zingadla i-carrion, ama-vertebrates amancane futhi, ngezikhathi ezithile zezingxenye zezitshalo.

Ukulondolozwa ngokwemvelo

Sekungamakhulu eminyaka abantu besebenzisa i-armadillos njengokudla. Futhi namuhla, inyama yabo ibhekwa njengokudla okumnandi eLatin America. ENyakatho Melika, izitsha zenyama zalezi zilwane azithandwa kangako namhlanje, kepha ngesikhathi sokuDangala Okukhulu komhlaba we-30s wekhulu lama-20, abantu babiza le mikhosi yezempi ngokuthi “Hoover Lamb” futhi bagcina inyama yabo ngekusasa. Isu lokuzivikela elisebenzayo ekulweni nezitha lenza ukuba ama-armadillos abe sengozini kubantu. Isilwane asikwazi ukuphunyula, futhi sijikijelwe ebholeni, sibavikelwa ngokuphelele.

Kepha isizathu esikhulu sokwehla kwenani lamasosha ezempi wukubhujiswa kwezindawo abahlala kuzo ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, babecasule abalimi ngemisebenzi yabo yokumba, yingakho laba ababhubhisa ekugcineni.

Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo ezi-6 zibhalwe ku-International Red Book njengosengozini noma ezisongelwayo, ubungozi obuphansi buboniswa ezinhlotsheni ezimbili, futhi imininingwane emine ayanele kososayensi.

Akukho mininingwane ethembekile mayelana nesikhathi sokuphila se-armadillos emvelweni, kodwa mhlawumbe yiminyaka eyi-8 kuya kwengu-8. Ekuthunjweni, izinkophe zabo zinde - kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20.