Indawo embi emhlabeni, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Indian Territory of Death, isiyindawo yezilwane ezisengozini yokuphela - ibhubesi lase-Asia. Lapho umhlaba womile khona ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga evuthayo kangangokuba uqhekeke futhi wacishe wabiliswa, izilwane eziningi ziyaphoqeleka ukuba zilwe nokuphila: kusukela kwizibungu, izimpungushe nembongolo kuya emihlathini nasezingonyameni.
Lapha, endaweni enkulu ethathe amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-11 futhi ebizwa ngokuthi ugwadule lwaseRajasthan naseGujarat, ama-shrubbery awatholakali kangako. Ngabe ukwazile kanjani ukugcina inani lamabhubesi ase-Asia ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kangaka? Yini mhlawumbe enkulu kunazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni? Namuhla sizozama ukuphendula le mibuzo, futhi sikutshele nokuthi yini ehlukanisa ikati elikhulu lase-Eshiya nakwabanye abamele izilwane ezinomusa kakhulu.
Ukudicilela phansi okuncane emlandweni
Izazi-mlando eziningi nezazi zemivubukulo zithi ezikhathini zasendulo, amabhubesi ase-Asia ayehlala cishe kuyo yonke indawo. Omunye wabo walwa iqhawe elisebhayibhelini uSamsoni, kwathi abanye badla izindlamu ezinkundleni zemidlalo zaseRoma. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwenombolo ehlaba umxhwele yeminyaka, laba bameleli abakhulu bezintambo bakhetha ugwadule lwaseNdiya, ngaleso sikhathi olwalunezilwane eziningi njengendawo yazo yokuhlala. Inani lamabhubesi, ngamanye amazwi, imfuyo yabo, lalinganiswa ngezinkulungwane. Kepha ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, isimo sase sishintshe kakhulu. Bangu-13 kuphela abantu abasinda ebhubeswini lase-Eshiya abasala ogwadule, inzuzo phakathi kwabo yayingabamele unyaka wokuzala abantwana, ababevumela ukugcina omelele kunabo bonke abahamba feline. Isizathu salokhu kwehla okubukhali kwenani lamabhubesi kwakuwumuthi osezingeni eliphansi ovamile eNdiya. Ngezinhloso ezinhle zabantu okuhloswe ngazo ukwenza ngcono impilo yezakhamuzi zasehlane lase Pride, ngenxa yemijovo esezingeni eliphansi, abantu abaningi abakwazanga ukusinda ngemuva kokugoma obekuhleliwe. Ngendlela, ibhubesi lase-Asia ukuziqhenya kweNdiya nophawu lwayo lukazwelonke. Isilo sanikezwa isihloko esinjalo, sibonga ngamandla aso, isibindi nomusa waso.
Ungayibona kanjani indoda ebukekayo kusuka ezinhlotsheni zakho?
Abamele amabhubesi ahlala eGujarat naseRajasthan ahlukile kubalingani babo emzimbeni we-squat. Ziphansi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kuyinkolelo ejwayelekile ukuthi, ngenxa yokumangalisa, laba bantu bancane kunamanye amabhubesi - kuyiphutha. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ibhubesi lase-Eshiya (ibhubesi laseNdiya elinye igama lazo ngenxa yendawo) likhulu kakhulu kunamanye amafeloni asemhlabeni. Isisindo esivamile semizimba yabo kwesinye isikhathi sifinyelela kuma-250 kg. Imvamisa, lo mkhawulo uphezulu futhi usebenza kuphela kwabesilisa. Owesifazane unesisindo kusuka ku-90 kuya ku-150 kg. Enye into ehlukile yebhubesi lase-Asia ubude bomzimba wayo. Ngokwemvelo, kwaqoshwa icala lapho owesilisa welulwa cishe ngamamitha amathathu. Ngokuqondile, ubude bomzimba wakhe babungamamitha angama-2.92. Kuliqiniso, akufanele ucabange ukuthi lokhu kuyenzeka nabantu bonke. Isibalo esethuliwe siyirekhodi nje. Kodwa-ke, ibhubesi laseNdiya lide kakhulu kunelekati.
Incazelo yebhubesi lase-Asia: umbala kanye nejazi
Ngokuqondene nombala, yonke into ijwayelekile impela lapha, ngaphandle kwe-mane yowesilisa. Kubukeka sengathi kunamathele emzimbeni wesilo, futhi hhayi ukudangala, njengakwezinye izinhlobo eziseduze. Ngendlela, kukufanele ukuqaphela ukuthi izindlebe zengebhu elinjalo zigcwele kakhulu izinwele. Lo mkhuba futhi ungabangelwa izici zezinhlobo ezithile lezi.
Izici Zokuziphatha Zokuziqhenya
Amabhubesi ase-Asiatic ahlukaniswa iqiniso lokuthi akhetha ukubutha ngamaphrinta amancane, ngokungafani nazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Inani labantu emndenini owodwa lingabalelwa ezilwaneni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili, futhi insikazi endala njalo isebenza njengeyokuqala ekuziqhenyeni okunjalo. Yena, njengomuntu ohola izindlebe, uvame ukuphumelela kakhulu kunabanye ekuzingeleni, okusho ukuthi ubukeka emuhle ngokwedlulele ngokungafani nesizinda sabanye. Owesifazane omkhulu oyisikhulu udla amawundlu amabhubesi amancane futhi avikele ukuziqhenya ekuhlaselweni okungalindelekile. Ezindaweni ezincane kangaka zamabhubesi azinandawo yabesilisa, futhi, empeleni, azizithandi izintokazi ezithandekayo, ziza ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela: ngesikhathi sokuzala nalapho zilambe kakhulu. By endleleni, amabhubesi Indian bangabazingeli ochwepheshe. Bona, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, abazixoshe isisulu, kodwa basebenzise umphumela wokumangala, belinde inyamazane ezindaweni ezivalekile.
Isimo sengqondo samaNdiya nesimo sawo semvelo
Ogwadule lwaseRajasthan naseGujarat, olubizwa ngokuthi yindawo yokufa yaseNdiya, ngaphezu kwezilwane, abantu balwela impilo. Inani elikhulu kakhulu labantu lihlala kulezi zindawo: izigidi eziyi-130. Lokhu kucishe kube yingxenye yabantu base-United States of America. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukuthi eNdiya basize amabhubesi, kunokuba bazame ukuwabhubhisa kube mnandi. Isimo samaHindu namasiko abo, aholwa ngumqondo we- “ahimsa,” okusho ukuthi inhlonipho ngazo zonke izinto eziphilayo, nganoma yisiphi isidalwa, iyalela abantu balesi sizwe ukuthi bangagcini ngokungathathi hlangothi nomhlaba wemvelo, kepha futhi basize abantu ababuthaka noma labo abasondele. ukuqothula, nqoba ubunzima futhi ubhekane nakho. Ngakho-ke, kwasungulwa indawo eNdiya, lapho kwathuthwa bonke abantu abasengozini yengonyama yase-Asiya (sikhumbula ukuthi kwasala abangu-13 kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20). Manje isibalo sabazingeli abanomusa sesiphendulile futhi sinamabhubesi angaphezu kuka-500.
Yini engaba yinhle ukwedlula inkululeko?
Indawo lapho izingulube zaseNdiya zihlala khona akubizi ngengozi ukuthi yindawo yokufa. Impela zonke izilwane lapha azikho ezinye ngaphandle kokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezinzima futhi ziphila cishe ukubulawa yindlala. Ibhubesi elikhulile ngesikhathi liyakwazi ukudla inyamazane enesisindo esingu-45 kg, futhi kulo lonke leli sonto elizayo lizolamba lingagwinyi ucezu lwenyama. Abantu abasha bamabhubesi ase-Eshiya, abakhulele endle, bahlukaniswa ngobuncane babo, kepha umoya wabo wokugomela awuphuli ngokuphelele, ngoba kumuntu omubi ayikho into enhle ukwedlula intando.
Ukuvela kwebhubesi laseNdiya
Uma iqhathaniswa nomlingani wayo wase-Afrika, ibhubesi lase-Asia lincane. Zihluke ngokugqamile emadodeni nasezindodeni - zixakile kumuntu wase-Afrika, futhi azinamandla amancane, sengathi ziseduze nomzimba wase-Eshiya. Amadoda ebhubesi lase-Eshiya anesisindo esiphakathi kuka-160-190 kg, kanye nabesifazane - 110-120 kg. Ubude bomzimba babameleli balezi zinhlobo buyahlukahluka ukusuka kumamitha ayi-2,2 kuya kwayi-2.4 - irekhodi lawo lalingamamitha ayi-2,92. Ukuphakama ekushwabeni kwamabhubesi ngokwesilinganiso kufana ne-100 - 105 cm, inani eliphakeme laleli nani lingamasentimitha angama-107. Ngombala, phakathi kwabo abantu abanesikhumba kusuka kubumba obomvu kuya kwesihlabathi-grey kutholakala.
Ibhubesi lase-Asiatic lihlala eNdiya kuphela.
Ngabe lesi silwane sitholakala kuziphi izingxenye zomhlaba wethu?
Kulezi zinsuku, lesi simanga esikhohlisayo nesinonya singatholakala endaweni eyodwa kuphela - iGira Natural Reserve yaseGujarat State eNdiya. Indawo yokuhlala yabo incane impela - kuphela amakhilomitha skwele ayi-1400.
Amabhubesi akhetha amahlathi akhula kancane anezihlahla ezithathelwa indawo ngamathafa. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, la makati acishe afe - ayengu-13 kuphela kuwo.
Indlela yengonyama yase-Asia nokuziphatha
Lolu hlobo lwengonyama lubhekisele ezilwaneni zenhlalo ezihlala emaprangeni, okungukuthi, amaqembu emindeni. Ukuziqhenya kwamabhubesi ase-Eshiya, kufaka namawundlu, mancane kakhulu kunalawo ase-Afrika - amakati ayi-8-12 esikhundleni sama-24-30 e-Afrika. Okokuqala, lokhu kuchazwa yiqiniso lokuthi ubukhulu bokuphangwa kwabo buncane, futhi amabhubesi amabhubesi ayabandakanyeka ekuzingeleni, hhayi ayisithupha. Ukudla kungumsebenzi wobhubesikazi. Abesilisa bamatasa bavikela insimu futhi bavusa uhlobo.
Ukuvikelwa kwamabhubesi angamaNdiya angavamile
Inani eliphansi lamabhubesi ase-Asia likhathaza ongoti. Lesi sidlakudla sisohlwini lweNcwadi ebomvu, futhi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili kwaqalwa nohlelo olukhethekile ukuze lwenziwe kabusha ezinqolobaneni zaseNyakatho Melika. Akunakwenzeka ukuwela ibhubesi lase-Asia nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, ngoba kuyadingeka ukulondolozwa kobumsulwa babantu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, "izofiphazwa" ngabosisi abaningi abaningi.
Amabhubesi ase-Asia agadwe kanzima.
Ubuholi besifundazwe lapho iGirsky Reserve ikhona ingakadlulisi ibhubesi liye kwamanye amapaki emvelo nasezigcinweni. Njengoba ikati leli lihlukile, umbuso uhlinzeka indawo ebekiwe ngamalungelo ahlukahlukene futhi uyayixhasa. Lapho nje ibhubesi lase-Asia liqala ukuzalanisa ngempumelelo kwezinye izindawo, lezi zinhlelo zizoncishiswa. Kodwa-ke, inani lezilwane likhula kancane kancane, futhi kungekudala ingxenye yabo izodlulela endaweni entsha.
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