| Disemba 9, 2019 8:02 | 
Lo nyaka sifike eChina sivela eChina iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu ukuzohlala nama-pandas. Izilwane ziyamangaza futhi ziyamangaza. Kepha uma ubuza umuntu ojwayelekile: angobani ngempela ama-panda? Cishe wonke umuntu uzophendula - amabhere.
Kepha ososayensi bafika kuleli khambi elibonakala lilula maduze.
Kunesikhathi lapho ezinye izazi zezilwane zazikholelwa ukuthi i-panda kufanele ibangelwe ama-raccoon. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ama-pandas ayizihlobo zamahlosi, izingwe ngisho nezimpungushe. Kepha, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, ososayensi bahlola ucwaningo lwezikhumba ezine zepanda enkulu, ngenxa yalokho kwatholakala ukuthi i-panda ingummeleli wasendulo womndeni webhere osasinda kuze kube namuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwavela ukuthi kwakungu-panda osondele kakhulu kunokhokho bamabhere. Ngakho-ke, umqondo ojwayelekile wagcina unqobile futhi i-panda yaqashelwa njengebhere.
IPanda yehlukile kwamanye amabhere ngoba inomsila omude.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amaShayina asendulo abizwa nge-panda - syunmao, ehunyushwa ngesiRussia ngokuthi "ikati lekati."
Ezincwadini zomlando zaseChinese nasezincwadini zamaShayina, ngokwesibonelo, emaqoqweni asendulo amaShayina, i-panda yaqala ukukhuluma ngayo eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezintathu edlule. Yize, ngokusho kososayensi, ama-panda asephile emhlabeni kule izigidi zeminyaka. Kepha umhlaba wonke wafunda ngalezi zilwane ezinhle kakhulu eminyakeni engaphezu kwekhulu eyedlule. Ngakho-ke eYurophu, i-panda yaduma ngo-1869. Futhi endle, ososayensi baseYurophu bakubona kuphela ngo-1913.
I-panda enkulu, noma ibhere bamboo - i-Ailuropoda melanoleuca - yisilwane esinyantisayo esivela emndenini webhere.
I-panda enkulu iyisilwane esikhulu, ubude bomzimba waso omkhulu isuka ku-110 kuya ku-180 cm. Ukuphakama kwesilwane endaweni yamahlombe kungafinyelela ku-70 cm.Ukuphakama komsila kungama-15 cm.
I-panda eyindala inesisindo esingama-105-120 kg, kepha kutholakala abantu abanesisindo esingama-180 kg.
Ikhanda le-panda likhulu linobuso obufiphaza, umhlathi onamandla nezindlebe ezinkulu. Amazinyo amakhulu ebhere bamboo ahlukile kunamazinyo amanye amabhere ngenxa yesidingo sokuhlafuna ngoqalo.
Imilenze yamaphara ayisihlobo esincane somzimba - amaphethelo aminyene futhi amafushane anezinyawo zoboya obuyindilinga, nezinsimbi ezinkulu ezibukhali.
Izinyawo zamaphara nezisekelo zeminwe zinamaphampu. Kuneminwe eyisithupha emilenzeni yangaphambili. Yize ososayensi bebheka umunwe wesithupha njengokukhula kwe-bone carpal, ngosizo lwayo i-pandas ephula bamboo. Lomunwe wesithupha usiza nebhere ukukhuphuka kalula ezihlahleni ezinde kakhulu.
Ama-pandas yiwo kuphela amabhere ukuba abe nombala wejazi elimangalisayo. Ikhanda lezilwane limhlophe qwa, imibuthano ezungeze amehlo imnyama. Izindlebe, umsila, ibhendi elizungeza isilwane emahlombe, umucu ofana nekhola nama-paws amnyama kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu kufakwa umbala, i-panda ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ibhere elinabala.
Endle, ama-panda amakhulu ahlala ezweni elilodwa kuphela emhlabeni - eChina. Bangatholakala ezifundazweni zaseShaanxi, Gansu naseSichuan, eTibet.
Phambilini, amabhere e-bamboo ayehlala nasehlathini bamboo bezintaba zase-Indochina eziqhingini zaseKalimantan.
AmaPandas ahlala emahlathini we-bamboo angenakungeneka, akhula endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1200-4500 ngaphezu kolwandle. Ukuphakama kwamathanga kulawa hlathi kusondela kumamitha amane.
Amahlathi e-bamboo we-panda nendlu, nokudla. Imvamisa ubusika ubusa kubo, futhi izimvula ezinamandla zivame ukuya ngaphezu kwazo.
Uboya obukhulu buvikela i-panda esimweni sezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhere we-bamboo angaphephela emifantweni yamatshe, emihumeni nasezihlahleni eziyize. Naphezu kokubandakanyeka okusobala, ama-pandas anamajoyina avumelana nezimo, ngakho-ke akukho nzima kuwo ukuthi akhuphuke izihlahla ezinde ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ahlole indawo ezungezile, adlale futhi aphumule nje emagatsheni. Kepha iningi lama-panda lithanda indlela yokuphila esekwe emhlabeni. I-bamboo amabhere ibhukuda kahle. Emhlabathini, i-panda ihamba ngemilenze emine. Kepha ingama ngezimbili. Akagijimeli ngokuzithandela, kancane kancane futhi ngamafuphi, njengoba eshesha ukukhathala. Noma ku-zoo izilwane ezisencane zithanda ukufenda, ukuhlela imidlalo ehlekisayo.
Ngesikhathi sokudla, i-panda ithathe ukuma okuqondile, kufane nomuntu ohlezi phansi.
Ama-Pandas abhekwa njengezilwane ezolile futhi eziqaphile, zithanda ukuthula, zihola impilo ehlukile. Ipaki ngayinye inensimu yayo, okungamamitha-skwele angama-4 - 6.5. km Abesifazane baneziza ezimbalwa kunabesilisa. Kepha insikazi ivikela insimu yayo kubantu abangabazi ngokhahlo nangaphezu kowesilisa. Izindawo zensikazi nezowesilisa zingahluka.
I-Panda isebenza nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku.
Amabhere e-bamboo awazifihli, kepha ebusika, umsebenzi wawo uyancipha, futhi ebusika ebusika iqhwa lithwala i-bamboo ... Kodwa esikhathini esiningi ebusika, lapho lifuna isimo sezulu esithe xaxa, ama-panda adlula emithambekeni aze afike kumamitha angama-800 ngaphezu kolwandle.
Ehlobo, ama-pandas asukuma, futhi ekushiseni okukhulu kakhulu angakhuphuka aze afike kumamitha ayi-4 000 aphakeme.
Imvamisa, i-panda ithula. Kepha noma kunjalo unezwi elibukeka njengewundlu eliqhakazayo kunokuba libhere.
Ososayensi bathi ngale ndlela ama-pandas abingelelana. Ama-pandas akhula kakhulu, kuphela uma othile noma okuthile kubletha ekushiseni okumhlophe. I-panda iyancipha kusuka ezinhlungwini, ekusongeleni, ekushiseni, ekhombisa amazinyo. Lapho i-panda “ilukhuni emphefumulweni wayo” iyabubula. Futhi ngesikhathi sokubhanqa, ama-tweets. Amawundlu amancane ancipha futhi acwebezela njengezingane.
Uma ukhumbula ukuthi ama-panda ahlala kuphi, kuba sobala ukuthi ukudla okuyinhloko kwamabhere we-bamboo bamboo. Amabhere abantu abadala adla inqwaba yezimpande neziqu zalesi sitshalo.
I-bamboo iphansi kilojoule, ngakho amabhere kufanele adle ama-15 kuya kwangama-35 kg weqalo ngosuku. Ngakho-ke kufanele uhlafuna ama-pandas amahora angu-14 ngosuku.
AmaPandas adla ngoqalo ezingeni lofuzo lwalezi zilwane, futhi iparafu ngeke iphile ngaphandle kukakhokho. Ngokufa kwamahlathi e-bamboo, ama-pandas nawo ayafa. Kuhle ukuthi bamboo yisitshalo esingapheli futhi siqhakaza isikhathi esisodwa kuphela empilweni yaso. Okubi ukuthi ngemuva kokuqhakaza, bamboo uyafa.
Isisu kanye ne-esophagus yalezi zilwane zimbozwe ngezendlalelo eziningana zezicubu ze-mucous kakhulu ukuze zivikeleke ekulimazelweni yizicucu ze-bamboo. Kodwa-ke, uhlelo lokugaya lwe-bamboo bear selugcinile izici zokuma kwesakhiwo sabantu abamele. Ngakho-ke, ama-panda adla ukudla kwawo nezinye izinambuzane, amaqanda, izinkukhu nezinhlanzi.
Ngemuva kokudla, ama-pandas alala, abuye avuke elambile. AmaPandas aphuza amanzi acwebile avela emifuleni nasezintabeni.
AmaPandas afinyelela ebusheni akukho ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-4,5, bese aqala ukuzala iminyaka emithathu emva kokuthomba.
Isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala ePhakas ngoMashi futhi siyaqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo.
Ukukhulelwa kowesifazane kuthatha izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba kunqamuka kancane okuyingqayizivele lapho kukhula umbungu. Kepha ukubambezeleka okuthuthukayo kunikeza insikazi ithuba lokuzala amazinyane aphilile, avumayo ngesikhathi esihle kunazo zonke sonyaka.
"Ubika" ukuthi insikazi isilungele ukuzalaniswa ngephunga elingafani nalutho oluphuma entweni egcinwe yizindlala ezikhethekile. Abesilisa, ukuncintisana, bafuna ukunakwa kwakhe.
Isikhathi lapho intokazi ingakhulelwa ihlala kuphela izinsuku ezi-2-7. Zala ama-pandas kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili.
Ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwebhere i-teddy, insikazi ihlela umhume ehlathini le-alpine esiqwini se bamboo.
Amacuba angazalwa ngoJanuwari, ekupheleni kwehlobo, ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Imvamisa, i-panda ine-cub elilodwa lebhere, kepha kukhona amabili noma amathathu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umama usuthisa ingane eyodwa kuphela, ambona enamandla amakhulu. Bonke abanye bazokubhujiswa. Isizathu salokhu kuziphatha kowesifazane ukungakwazi ukondla wonke amawundlu.
Lapho kuzalwa izingane, azisizi ngalutho, zinesisindo esisuka ku-100 kuye kwangama-120 g futhi ubude bomzimba bube amasentimitha ayi-16 kuye kwayi-17.
Kumakhaya ezitolo zasolwandle, ukuze asindise wonke amawundlu azelwe, abasebenzi bashiya iwundlu elilodwa eduze nowesifazane, kuthi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa balibuyisele elinye ixhwane bese beshintshana namawundlu aze akhule.
Eqinisweni, i-panda ingumama okhathalela kakhulu. Ekuqaleni, ayishiyi umhosha, ngaphandle kokushiya ibhele kuphela, icindezele ingane esifubeni sayo, iyondla izikhathi eziyishumi nantathu ngosuku, imibele esigxotsheni esisodwa, njengasesibelekweni.
Ngemuva kwamaviki amathathu izelwe, iwundlu livula amehlo alo. Amawundlu amancane amemeza kakhulu, mhlawumbe ukuze ibhere lingazichithi ngengozi. Bondla ubisi lukamama cishe inyanga nesigamu. Izingane zihamba-nendlwana futhi ziyafuna ukwazi, zinesifiso sayo yonke into, zihlala nonina zisuka onyakeni owodwa nengxenye ziye eminyakeni emithathu. Sonke lesi sikhathi, i-panda idlala nabo, ifundise amakhono adingekayo. Kepha lapho ikhehla lincane, lapho umama alinaki kangako.
AmaPandas aba ngabantu abadala eneminyaka emihlanu, ngemuva kweminyaka ecishe ibe mibili babe nezingane zabo. AmaPandas aphile iminyaka engaba ngu-20. Kepha i-zoo ingaphila iminyaka engama-25.
Ama-Pandas abhalwe ku-Guinness Book of Amarekhodi njengezilwane ezihamba phambili emhlabeni.
Kepha noma kunjalo, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ama-panda angabaphangi. Ama-pandas ayizilwane eziqondayo futhi azama ukungabambi iso lomuntu. Kepha noma kunjalo bangahlasela, bazonquma ukuthi umuntu usongela inzalo yakhe noma ayidele.
Naphezu kokubukeka kwamathoyizi, i-panda inomzimba omkhulu, imihlathi enamandla nezinzipho ezibukhali.
Kulezi zinsuku, ama-panda angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili ahlala endle.
E-China, ama-panda athathwa njengengcebo yezwe, futhi uhulumeni wase China usebenzisa imali enkulu ukuvikela lezi zilwane nohlelo losizo lokufuya nge-panda.
I-panda enkulu, "ikati-ibhere" noma ibhere bamboo kungenye yezilwane ezingandile emhlabeni. I-panda ithathwa njengengcebo kazwelonke yaseChina, futhi ingabulawa ngokubulawa kwayo. Umbuso uqashisa nge-pandas kuma-zoos kwamanye amazwe, kuyilapho zonke izingane ezizalwa kulezi zoos zizoba ngeChina. IProstozoo ithole imininingwane ewusizo yokuthi kungani lezi ezihlekisayo, kodwa, ngeshwa, izilwane ezisengozini ziyathakazelisa.
Isikhathi eside, ososayensi bathi ama-pandas asendle emndenini we-raccoon: bekukholelwa ukuthi wayengudokotela omkhulu we-raccoon. Kepha ukuhlolwa kofuzo kukhombisa ukuthi i-panda enkulu iseyibhere nesihlobo sayo esiseduze kakhulu - ibhere eliyisimanga elihlala eSouth America. Kuyavela ukuthi i-panda enkulu iyinhlangano engaphansi yebhere, hhayi ilungu lomndeni omkhulu we-panda.
Phambilini, ama-panda amakhulu asatshalaliswa cishe kulo lonke elaseChina naseVietnam. Ekupheleni konyaka we-2014, inani lamaphara epulanethi enguMhlaba lisukela ezilwaneni eziyi-1,600, futhi ahlala emahlathini asezintabeni ezifundazweni zaseShayina iShaanxi, Gansu neSichuan kanye nezingxenye ezithile zeTibet. Impilo yonke, amaphara amakhulu akhetha amahlathi we-bamboo angenakungeneka endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2000-4000 ngaphezulu kolwandle, kepha kwesinye isikhathi, ebusika obulambile, angaya ekuphakameni okungamamitha angama-800 lapho efuna amahlumela amasha noma isiqu se-bamboo.
Amabhere amnyama namhlophe akhethe ama-bamboo thickets njengekhaya lawo, hhayi ngoba kungukudla kwawo okuyinhloko, kodwa futhi nangenxa yendawo yokuhlala enhle, ekhonjelwa iziqu ze-bamboo aminyene afinyelela kumamitha amane ukuphakama. I-aureole yeduna ibanzi kunezinsikazi, ngoba izinsikazi zihlala emagqumeni angenakunqotshwa kakhulu ukuvikela inzalo.
Inani le-pandas liyehla ngenxa yokuqunjelwa kwamahlathi nokuzingela. I-Big panda fur iyaziswa kakhulu eJapan, futhi bakulungele ukuyikhokha kuze kube ngama- $ 180 000. AmaJapan asebenzisa izikhumba zalezi zilwane ezinhle njengamakamelo okulala futhi akholelwa ukuthi amaphupho abonwa esikhumbeni esinjalo angokwesiprofetho.
Ukuzingela iPanda kuvinjelwe eChina, kanti umuntu angagwetshwa udilikajele impilo yakhe yonke. Kodwa-ke, isizathu esiyinhloko sokuqothulwa kwebhele le-bamboo kusewukuqothulwa ngokuphelele, i-halo yendawo yokuhlala.
Ibhere elimnyama nelimhlophe liyaphoqelelwa ukuthi lizulazule ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba ukudla kwalo okuyinhloko, bamboo, kuyafa ngokuphelele ngemuva kokuqhakaza. I-bamboo akuvamile ukuqhakaza, njalo eminyakeni engama-20-100, kepha izimbali ezihlanganisa izindawo ezinkulu, futhi isizukulwane esilandelayo se-bamboo sizovela kule ndawo ngeminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyishumi kuphela.
Izindawo zokuhlala namapulazi zaqala ukubonakala emizileni yokufuduka yephara, okwenza ukuba kuphinde kwakwazi ukwenzeka futhi. Isilwane besiboshwe ezindaweni ezincane.
I-panda enkulu inesakhiwo somzimba nokufakelwa okungajwayelekile. Inesisindo esi-lounger esihle kusuka kumakhilogremu ayi-17 kuye kwangama-160, futhi ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,1-1,8 ubude. Umsila we-panda umude nebhere - amasentimitha ayi-10-15. Imilenze yangemuva imfishane kakhulu kunangaphambili futhi inezinhlaka ezinde ezibukhali. Ezindongeni ezisesisekelweni somunwe ngamunye, amabhulukwe angenalutho akhuliswe kahle, okusiza i-panda ukubamba ngekhono ngisho nasegatsheni elincane.
Emilenzeni yangaphambili, ibhele le-bamboo lineminwe eyisithupha - emihlanu yayo ijwayelekile, kanti eyesithupha, “isithupha,” ithambo lesandla elihlotshwe kahle. Iminwe eyisithupha isiza i-panda kahle ukubhekana ngisho neziqu ze-bamboo.
Kunenkolelo yokuthi ama-pandas amakhulu athola kanjani umbala ongajwayelekile kangaka woboya. Le nganekwane ithi yake yaba khona intombazane ethile eyayithanda amabhele futhi ibakhathalela kakhulu. Kepha kwabe sekuna kakhulu, intombazane yagula yafa. UPandas wadabukisa, wakhala kakhulu futhi wahlikihla amehlo ngezihlakala, wafaka amakhanda ezinhlokweni zabo, bavalelisana, ukuthi ama-paws awo angcolile emhlabathini ngemuva kwemvula yahlala imile ezingubeni zazo - amabala amnyama azungeze amehlo, izindlebe ezimnyama, amahlombe amnyama, ngaphambili nasemilenzeni. Izilwane azikwazanga ukugeza isikhumba emuva.
Yize i-panda enkulu ibhekwa njengesilwane esijabulisayo, okuphambili ekudleni kwayo yi-bamboo - ngosuku isilwane esidla ngalo cishe amakhilogremu angama-30 alesi sitshalo, sincamela ukudla izinhlobo ezingama-30 zoqalo olukhula e-China. Umuntu omdala angadla amathani afinyelela ku-10 bamboo ngonyaka. Isophagus yesilwane kanye nesisu embozwe izicubu ze-mucous ezidonsa umoya, eziyivikela ekulimaleni ngamachilo we-bamboo aqine.
Ezilwaneni zasekhaya, ama-panda amakhulu adliwa ngamakhekhe akhethekile we-bamboo. Kepha ukudla kwesitshalo kufakwe ebhele elimnyama nelimhlophe kubi kakhulu kunakwimifino yezidakamizwa: kungamaphesenti ayi-17 kuphela akho konke okudliwayo. Ngakho-ke, i-panda idla cishe sonke isikhathi ukugcwalisa umzimba ngezakhi zomzimba.
Ngaphezu bamboo, panda enkulu idla amakhowe, utshani, izimpande zezihlahla kanye namagxolo, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zezitshalo. Uthola amaprotheni ngokudla amaqanda wezinyoni, izinduku, izinhlanzi nezinye izilwane ezincane - uma engabanjwa, ngoba i-panda ayisheshe ngokwanele. Amabhere amnyama namhlophe awanandaba nokudla nokuthwele.
AmaPandas akavamile ukuphuza, ngoba i-bamboo eluhlaza ibanikeza umswakama owanele, kodwa uma kukhona umfula eduze kwendawo yebhele, baya emgodini wokuthambisa ngenjabulo.
Ama-panda ayizilwane ezihamba ebusuku, phakathi nosuku lapho ziphumula noma zilala ezindaweni ezivikelwe phakathi kwamadwala noma ezihlahleni. Lawa makhaya angamakhosi wangempela ekukhuphukeni kwezihlahla: angakhuphuka inani eliphakeme kakhulu lesihlahla futhi ahambisane namagatsha athambile. Ukuhlala kwezintandokazi zezilwane - ulala phansi ukuze uphumule ekuphambukeni emagatsheni.
AmaPandas awathandi ukubhukuda, yize azi ukubhukuda kahle. Amabhere ayakuthanda ukuhlanzeka, futhi azihlanze, agijime emanzini angaxutshwe nawo futhi azifafaza ngesifutho.
Ama-pandas anokuthula kakhulu futhi anobuhle obuhle, kepha uma ekhombisa ubutha, asabela njengamabhere wangempela. Ziyakwazi ukuluma, zishaye ekhanda nge-paw, zibambe isitha ngezihlakala zazo zangaphambili bese zishaya umzimba.
Uma kusengozini, amabhlogo we-bamboo angabaleka, ngobuciko asonta ibhola futhi agingqele phansi egqumeni, ngenkathi emboza amehlo awo ngezihlakala.
Isikhathi sokukhwelana kwama-panda amakhulu sifushane kakhulu. Ama-pandas abesifazane alungele ukushada usuku olulodwa kuya kwezintathu ngonyaka. Imvamisa abesilisa abambalwa benza sengathi ngabesifazane, phakathi kwabo bakhetha onqobayo. Ngemuva kokudibana isikhashana, izilwane ziyahlakazeka futhi.
UMama-panda ubeletha ingane eyodwa noma ezintathu, kodwa ukhetha eyodwa kulaba abazalwa, abanye bafe.Izinsana zizalwa zincanyana, zinesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-130, noma u-1/800 wesisindo sikamama. Zimpumputhe, kepha zimbozwe ngoboya obonda.
Izinsuku zokuqala, umama we-panda uhlala eduze kwengane, emlengisa esigangeni sakhe esikhulu esisheshayo. Owesifazane udla osanda kuzalwa kakhulu, cishe njalo emahoreni amabili. Akayishiyi ingane ngisho nokudla.
Ama-pandas angomama abahle kakhulu, abanakwa kakhulu futhi mnene. Baqabula izingane zabo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngomama, iwundlu lihlala kuze kube iminyaka emithathu.
Ezilwaneni zasekhaya, indlela yokuziphatha kwe-pandas ijabulisa ukwedlula endle, lapho cishe sonke isikhathi kutholakala khona ukudla. Izilwane ezincane zinobungane futhi ziyadlala, zihambisa okuningi futhi zithande ukuwa futhi zime ikhanda namahlombe.
IPanda ingesinye sezilwane ezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Yilokho okumsindisa ekunyamalaleni ngokuphelele. E-China, izinhlelo ezikhethekile zokuzalela nokuvikela ama- pandas amakhulu zenziwe futhi zixhaswe kahle, kanti intengo yokuqasha yamaphara to zoos kwamanye amazwe iyisigidi samaRandi aseMelika.
Ishicilelwe kusayithi: 18.12.2014
Indawo yokuhlala nendawo yokuhlala
Insimu ehlalwa yi-pandas incane. Zitholakala esifundeni sezintaba ezifundazweni zaseChina iSichuan, Gansu neTibet. Yize phambilini babehlala e-Indochina nasesikhathini. Kalimantan. Ama-panda amakhulu akhetha amahlathi aminyene we-bamboo njengekhaya lawo.
Bahlala ezindaweni ezisezintabeni, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1,200 kuye kuma-4 500 ngaphezu kolwandle. m. Lapho kuqala ubusika, zehlela ekuphakameni okungamamitha angama-800 ezingeni lolwandle, lapho isimo sezulu ebandayo sithande kakhulu.
Lezi amabhele teddy okuhle
Ubukhulu be-panda yabantu abadala buhlaba umxhwele impela. Abesilisa bakhulu kakhulu kunabesifazane. Isisindo sazo sifinyelela ku-85-125 kg, kanti izinsikazi zinesisindo esingu-70-100 kg. Ubude bomzimba we-panda buyi-1.5-1.8 m.
I-panda, ngokungafani nezinye amabhere, inomsila omude kunalokho. Ubude bawo bufinyelela ku-12 cm. Umzimba wonke umbozwe ngoboya obukhulu nobuthambile. Izindawo ezimnyama zitholakala endaweni emnyama ekhanyayo, ecishe ibe mhlophe: zizungeze amehlo ngesimo “seglasi”, ezinsikeni nasemilenzeni yangaphambili, emahlombe nasezindlebeni. Isihloko somsila naso simnyama.
Izindlebe ezimnyama, izibuko kanye nama-paws
Yize ibukeka kahle, inama-panda, ihlanzekile, futhi njengawo wonke amabhere, i-panda enkulu uma ihlaselwa ingalimaza umuntu.
Umsila omkhulu
Umsoco
Igama laso lesibili - "bamboo bhere" - lithole ukubonga okukhulu kwe-panda ngokudla kwalo, okuyi-99% eyakhiwa amahlumela neziqu ze-bamboo. Noma ukudla kwezilwane, njengamaqanda nezinambuzane, kuvame ukuvela kumenyu ye-panda. Ukudla okunjalo okuwumthombo ophambili wamaprotheni. Ngaphezu kwe-bamboo, amabhere ngeke anqabe ama-safroni nama-iris bulbs. Ezindlini zohlobo lwe-zoo, afakwa emgodini womoba, ama-aphula, izaqathe, iphalishi elayisi yelayisi neminye imikhiqizo.
Ukuze uthole okwanele ukungondleki okunjalo, ama-panda kufanele adle kuze kufike ku-18 kg weqalo ngosuku. Ngesizathu esifanayo, bahamba kancane futhi bazama ukuhambisa kuphela lapho kunesidingo. AmaPandas ahamba ngomgwaqo kuphela uma izindawo ezigcinwa kule ndawo sezivele zaphela.
Ngokudla kwayo, leli bhere lisebenza ngobuhlakani obungajwayelekile. Kwesinye isikhathi umuntu uzibuza ukuthi ama-paws aminyene angaphathwa kanjani kahle kangaka ngeziqu ze-bamboo. Uhlobo “lomunwe” wesithupha, okuyithambo lesandla eliguqiwe, liyamsiza ukuba abambe isiqu.
Baphuza i-paeda encane, ngoba iningi lomswakama litholakala kanye namahlumela amanzi e-bamboo, cishe acishe abunjwe ngamanzi. Kepha lapho kungenzeka, basazama ukuqeda ukoma kwabo emfuleni omncane noma komunye umzimba wamanzi.
Indlela yokuphila
Ama-panda amakhulu angamaxoxo amahle ama-dart, kepha akhetha ukuhola indlela yokuphila esekwe emhlabeni. Babhukuda kahle. Umsebenzi ukhonjiswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Ngosuku, ukusesha nokuhlafuna ukudla kuthatha amahora angama-12.
Ebusika, okwesikhashana, bangawela esimweni esifana ne-hibernation, kepha lokhu akunakubizwa nge-hibernation yangempela.
Umuntu ngamunye, kungaba ngowesifazane noma owesilisa, unensimu yakhe, ehlala ivikelwe, ikakhulukazi ngabesifazane.
Idlala i-panda 
Ama-panda amakhulu akhetha ukuhlala yedwa futhi ngababili kuhlangana isikhathi sokuzala nokukhulisa inzalo.
Baxhumana bodwa basebenzise imisindo ehlukahlukene, yize ekuqaleni bekubonakala sengathi bayizilwane ezithe cwaka. Ukubingelela okunobungane kwe- "comrade" kuvezwa ngohlobo lokushaya, ukucasulwa - endaweni ebhongayo noma ekhuphukayo. Abancane, ukuze bahehe umama, baqala ukushaya kanye nokuthamba. Ukukhonjiswa kwamazinyo ngesikhathi sokuvula nokuvalwa kwamazinyo ngokushesha kusho ukuthi kungcono ukungasondeli ku-panda, njengoba kuveza ukungagculiseki kanye nokusongela.
Ukuzala
Kumaphara amakhulu, kuzalwa amawundlu angama-1-2. Uma kuzalwa amabili, imvamisa endaweni yemvelo owesimame ukhetha kuphela umntwana oyedwa, onamandla, bese eqala ukumnakekela. Owesibili uyafa. Kwi-zoo kuleli cala athuthukise amaqhinga abo.
Owesifazane one-cub 
Isonto elidala
Izisebenzi zithatha i- "Refusenik", kuthi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ziguqule amazinyane azo. Futhi ukufakwa okunjalo kuyaqhubeka kuyo yonke inkathi yokondla. Ngakho-ke, abasebenzi be-zoo bayakwazi ukukhulisa ama-2 cubs. Ngempela, emhlabeni walezi zilwane, i-VERY LITTLE ishiywe - abantu abadluli ku-1600.
Ukuqala kwesikhathi sokuzala kwehla entwasahlobo. Ngemuva kokuzalela, ukuthuthukiswa kombungu kungahle kungaqali masinyane, kepha emva kwesikhathi esithile - izinyanga eziyi-1.5-4. Lesi sici siwuhlobo lwendlela yokuvikela ama-cubs, ngoba bangazalwa esikhathini sezulu esihle kunazo zonke. Isilinganiso sobudala bokumiswa kwezinsuku cishe siyizinsuku ezingama-135.
Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ziyimpumputhe futhi azisizi. Ngemuva kokubeletha, umama usiza ingane ukuthola ingono. Izinsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa, insikazi ayishiyi ingane umzuzu. Emavikini angama-47, ukuncelisa ubisi kuyaphela, futhi amawundlu aqala ukushintshela ekudleni kwabantu abadala. Kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-1.5 benonina, ohlanganyela emidlalweni yabo ngentokozo.
Inyanga engu-5 yobudala
Ukuthomba kumabhele we-bamboo kwenzeka eminyakeni engama-5-7. Ukulindelwa kokuphila ekudingisweni yinde impela - kuze kube yiminyaka engama-26, kuyilapho ngokwemvelo baphila iminyaka eyi-14-16.
AmaCuba
UPanda nomuntu
Ngenxa yokuqina kakhulu, ama-panda amakhulu awafakwanga kuhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN kuphela, kodwa futhi avikelwe yizo zonke izinhlobo zemithetho eqinile (ikakhulukazi eChina).
Ama-pandas bekufanele aqothulwe ngenxa yoboya bawo obubalulekile, kepha manje akufanelekile ukuthi ucabange ngakho. Emvelweni, zinezitha ezimbalwa zemvelo - izingwe kuphela nezimpisi ezibomvu, kodwa futhi azivamile kulezo zingxenye. Isizathu esikhulu sokuncipha kancane kancane kwezinombolo zabo ukunyamalala kwendawo yemvelo, i.e. bamboo okhula namahlathi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokungenelela komuntu, noma ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo.
I-bamboo ikhula cishe iminyaka engama-20-25, ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali nokuvela kwembewu, iyafa. Ngakho-ke, amahlathi aphelele "ayaphela" ngasikhathi sinye. Amahlumela amasha avela ezinhlanyelweni azoqala ukuvela kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka engama-2-3. Ngakho-ke, ezilwaneni eziningi ezixhomeke ngokuphelele ku-bamboo, izinkathi ezinjalo ziyabulala.
I-panda enkulu idumile kakhulu. Ungumvikeli wamafilimu ahlukahlukene anezithombe, aboniswa izifanekiselo nezimpawu zezinhlangano ezahlukahlukene, okuyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sabo yiWorld Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).
Share
Pin
Send
Share
Send
Izindlebe ezimnyama, izibuko kanye nama-paws
Umsila omkhulu
Idlala i-panda 
Owesifazane one-cub 
Isonto elidala
Inyanga engu-5 yobudala
AmaCuba
