• I-Notonecia Fabricius, 1798

Izimpahla (IsiLatini: Notonecta) - uhlobo lwezimbungulu ezinkulu zamanzi ahlanzekile omndeni ofanayo (Notonectidae).

Isakhiwo

Abadala bafinyelela kubude obuyi-15 mm. Umzimba uhlukaniswe ikhanda, isifuba nesisu. I-Elytra convex, imise okwakhiwe ophahleni, isisu esisicaba. Umbala ungahluka ngokuya ngombala ongaphansi kwendawo yokugcina izilwanyana lapho kuhlala khona izinambuzane. Imvamisa lawa ama-shades aluhlaza okotshani, anemibala yesisu emnyama kanye ne-elytra elula (bheka indlela yokuphila).

Umbhangqwana wamehlo amakhulu abomvu ubonakala kahle ekhanda le-bushi. Okokusebenza komlomo kohlobo lokubhoboza-okugwazayo, okujwayelekile kwalokhu kufinyelwa: i-phenoscis icindezelwa esiswini se-smoothie, eqinile futhi inzima ngokwanele ukubhoboza isikhumba somuntu. Ukuluma okuhlungu, ama-smoothies athole igama lesidlaliso "i-wasp yamanzi."

Isifuba sinezimbambo ezintathu zemilenze, eyokugcina - ukugoqa imilenze - yinde futhi inamandla kunezinye, igcwele kakhulu ngamabhulashi futhi iyasebenza ukuhambisa ikholomu yamanzi. Emhlabeni, i-bug ihamba kancane, ibambelela kokungahambi kahle ngamabili amabili angaphambili emilenze.

Isisu sakhiwe izingxenye ezi-7, cishe i-¾ yobude bomzimba wesilwane, embozwe nge-elytra kusuka ohlangothini lwe-dorsal. Uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lomzimba lubunjiwe, lube ne-keel, i-ventral - ifuhlisiwe.

Ukunyakaza

Esikhathini esiningi, ama-smoothie achitha kuwo wonke amanzi esesimweni sokuma, aqonde phansi, imilenze yawo yangemuva ihlukaniswe - "egxiliwe" yiwo ifilimu yokungezwani komzimba nokubeka isisu esisemuva emoyeni ukuze uphefumule. Ukusuka ekuphishekeleni noma ekuzingeleni, ama-smoothies ngokushesha ngokwanele akwazi ukungena ekujuleni. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuba sobala ukuthi lesi sinambuzane kufanele sisebenzise umzamo othile ukuntywila. Ukuvela, i-bug, kunalokho, ayenzi ukunyakaza okukodwa. Ama-Smoothie angahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi okungenani imizuzu eyi-7-8.

Ama-Smoothies andiza kahle, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlala kwabo kabusha kwenzeka. Ama-Smoothies ebusika ngaphandle kwezidumbu zamanzi - entshinini yehlathi, ngaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla, njll.

Umsoco

IGladysh idlozi. Idla ezinambuzaneni ezahlukahlukene zasemanzini futhi kwesinye isikhathi izinhlanzi ezibandayo (ezingadala ukulimala okuthile kwezokudoba). Lapho sesikhethile isisulu, isiphazamisi esinezinyathelo eziningana ezinamandla zezingwe ezigwedlayo siyasifinyelela, futhi, lapho sesibhoboze isembozo sangaphandle nge-phenoscis yayo, sifaka uketshezi lokugaya kuyo. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, isisulu esenziwe umhlatshelo siyancanywa yisiphuzo. Amacala we-cannibalism ayaziwa: abantu abadala bahlasela abasebasha, kanye nabamele ezinye, ezincane, izinhlobo ezihlobene, ngokwesibonelo, abahleli.

Izitha zemvelo zamaqhude yizinyoni nezinhlanzi ezinkulu. Njengoba i-codweed ihambisa "ukubuyela phansi" emanzini, lokhu kunquma ukwabiwa kombala wayo: ukukhanya kwe-elytra kwenza kungabonakali kakhulu inhlanzi uma isibhakabhaka, futhi isisu esimnyama siyenza ibonakale kancane ezinyoni, ngemuva kwaphansi kwechibi, kuvame ukuba nodaka (indunduma ikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni zokuma noma zamachibi ahamba kancane).

Ukuphefumula

Ukuphefumula ama-smoothie nomoya womkhathi. Ngiyabonga kuye, umzimba wesinambuzane unobuhle obuhle. Iziqu ze-tracheal zivulwa ngababili abathathu be-thoracic kanye namabili ayisikhombisa wesibazi sesisu (spiracle). I-Thoracic stigma ivula emakamelweni avaliwe ngokweqile, ixhumana nesikhala esingaphansi kwe-elytra kanye neziteshi ezimbili zomoya ebusweni besisu, ezakhiwa ngemigqa emine yezinwele. Ukuvulwa okuyinhloko kokuphefumula kutholakala engxenyeni yesikhombisa yesisu futhi kumbozwe ngamaqembu amathathu wezinwele ezikhethekile, ezimbili zazo eziseselula. Ukuvala, lezi zinwele zingavimba ukungena kokuvulwa kokuphefumula.

Kuyingozi kubantu

Lesi sinambuzane asibeki ingozi eqondile kubantu. Lama-arthropods asemanzini awabheki abantu njengezinyamazane, ngoba anomehluko omkhulu ngosayizi.

Izisulu zamanzi zizikhethela inyamazane encane, zihlala eduze kwazo.

Ngasikhathi sinye, lezi zinambuzane kaziphephile ngokuphelele kubantu. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ziyaluma, kepha zikwenza lokhu ezikhathini ezingejwayelekile. Imvamisa izingane ezinelukuluku zibahlupha ngazo, ezisebenzisa yonke indawo izandla zazo.

Uma bebamba isilwane esinjalo, khona-ke basengozini yokuthola ukuluma okufana nenyosi. Yize ubuthi, obuqukethe amathe, bungeyona ingozi kubantu, indawo yokulunywa izwakala isikhathi eside.

Izindlela zokuphila zezimbungulu

Bahlala emanzini amasha anenkambo ezolile futhi phansi enodaka. UGladyshoe usebenzisa iningi lokuphila kwakhe phezu kwamanzi. Imilenze yokubhukuda engemuva yenzelwe ngendlela yokuthi i-bug ikwazi ukusebenzisa ukuqina kwamanzi futhi ingashoni. Imvamisa, ingemuva lomzimba we-burock bug liphakanyiswa ngaphezu kwamanzi aphezulu ngaphezu kwekhanda. Lokhu kungenxa yendawo okukhona kuyo amashubhu okuphefumula, ukuvuleka kwawo kutholakala ngemuva kwesisu. Kepha, uma kuvela usongo, lesi sinambuzane singagxibha ngokushesha, kepha, lokhu kuzodinga umzamo omkhulu kukho. Lapho ucwiliswa emanzini, ukuvuleka kwamashubhu okuphefumula kuvalwa ngezinwele ezikhethekile. Isiphazamisi se-bedrock singaba ngaphansi kwamanzi imizuzu engama-7-8 kuphela. Uhamba kabi emhlabeni, kepha angenza ama-jumps amancane.

Izimbungulu zombhede zisetshenziswe kahle ezindizeni, ngenxa yamaphiko e-webbed. Izinambuzane zindiza ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Ngakho-ke, bathuthela ezindongeni ezintsha. Ebusika, izimbungulu zishiya indawo yazo evamile nendawo yokuhlala kuyo, zikhuphuka ngaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla, emagqumeni amaqabunga omile.

Izimbungulu zezimbungulu ziphakamisa ingemuva lesisu ngaphezu kwamanzi ukuze kunikeze umoya ukufinyelela kumashubhu okuphefumula

Izici zokudla kwe-smoothie

Ngendlela yokondla izimbungulu, izigaxa zingabadli. Zidla ezinambuzaneni ezincane zasemanzini, noma ezinambuzaneni eziwile emanzini. Ama-Smoothies adla futhi nefishi lezinhlanzi. Lapho ibone inyamazane ikholamu yamanzi, ibug iphuthuma kuyo ibambe imilenze yayo yangaphambili. Ibambe isisulu, isimbungulu siyambhoboza nge-phenoscis futhi singenise i-enzyme yokugaya izicubu, ezigaya izicubu nezitho zangaphakathi. Ngemuva kwalokho isinambuzane sidonsa isisindo esidingekayo.

Phakathi kwezimbungulu ezazisembhedeni, amacala okugqwayiza kwaphawulwa. Lezi zinambuzane zahlasela abamele abancane bezinhlobo zazo. Bangaphinde bahlasele izimbungulu zeminye imindeni, njengabahleli.

Kubalulekile! Imishini esetshenziswa ngomlomo yesiphithiphithi sembhede iguqulwa ukuze ibhoboze isikhumba somuntu. Uma i-enzyme ingena enxebeni, izobangela umuzwa obuhlungu. Izimbungulu ziyakwazi ukulimaza abantu ngenkathi zibhukuda, okwabizwa ngazo ngokuthi "imichilo yamanzi" (kusuka eJalimane. Wasserbiene).

Izinhlobo ezivamile zama-bugs-smoothies

• I-Notonecta glauca - i-smoothie evamile
• I-Notonecta lutea - abushelelezi abushelelezi
• I-Notonecta reuteri - I-Royter smoothie
• I-Notonecta ampliphica - i-smoothie enwetshiwe
• I-Notonecta viridis - i-smoothie eluhlaza
• I-Notonecta maculata - ama-smoothies ahlukahlukene

I-Notonecta maculata - ama-smoothies ahlukahlukene

I-Notonecta viridis - i-smoothie eluhlaza

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezimbungulu-ama-smoothie

Ama-bu-bugs izinambuzane zohlobo olungaphelelanga lokuguqulwa, i.e. kufaka izigaba ezimbili - isibungu (isinambuzane esihlatshwe eqandeni) ne-imago (insect abadala). Izinsikazi ezifakwayo zibeka amaqanda azo emaqabungeni ezitshalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi noma phansi, zizame ukuwafihla ngokuthembekile. Amaqanda aphuzi ngombala, iqanda lisesimweni sombuthano. Izibungu zizalwa emavikini amabili, emanzini afudumele inqubo yokuvuthwa ishesha. Izibungu ezinamathele kuzo zonke izindlela ziyafana nezinambuzane zabantu abadala, zihola indlela yokuphila yezilo, kepha zingenamaphiko. Asinda ama-molts ama-4 ngaphambi kokuba abe yisinambuzane esidala.

Uthi bewazi? Amadoda amadala anedivaysi eklanyelwe ukuheha abesifazane - lokho okubizwa ngokuthi izixhobo zomculo. Abesilisa bagebha izindlalela zabo ku-proboscis. Imisindo eyenziwe ifana nokhonkotha.

I-busbug ebambe inyamazane

Indima yokulala izimbungulu ezilwaneni zasendle

Njengoba izimbungulu ze-bedrock zidla ku-fish Fry, zingalimaza ukudoba ngokudla izibungu zezinhlobo zenhlanzi ezibalulekile. Kepha, ezimweni eziningi, ama-smoothie uqobo aba ngukudla kwezinye izilwane ezinkulu - inhlanzi ne-waterfowl, naphezu kombala wazo wokugqwala.

Kukhona imininingwane ngeqhaza elibalulekile lezimbungulu ezingena embhedeni lapho kubhujiswa izinambuzane eziphuza igazi. Kwasungulwa ukuthi ama-smoothie adla ngokuzithandela izibungu kanye ne-pupae yomiyane, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise inani lawo.

Incazelo yomuntu ohlala emanzini

I-bug smoothies yamanzi bug imele umndeni wakwaHemoptera. Lolu hlobo lwe-bug uma luqhathaniswa nezihlobo zalo lunobukhulu obuncane bomzimba (kufika ku-1.5 cm). Umbala we-patinous we-carapace yesinambuzane uncike kumbala wamanzi wamanzi aleli golide futhi uhlukahluka kusuka kokuluhlaza okotshani kuya kumathoni aphuzi ngokuphuzi. Ngezansi kwesiphazamisi samanzi esithombeni.

I-Waterbug Gladysh

Izimbambo ezintekenteke, sibonga lapho isiphazamisi samanzi singafinyelela khona izindiza ezinde, sicashe ngokuphepha ngaphansi kwe-elytra enzima. UGladysh uncamela ukundiza ebusuku, aqhubeke nokuyofuna idamu elinothile ngokudla.

Enye into ehlukile yesiphazamisi samanzi umthunzi wamehlo omkhulu obomvu onsundu. Izinto zokusebenza ngomlomo ziyefana kuzo zonke izihlobo zomndeni wezimbungulu zohlobo lokubhoboza.

I-proboscis enamandla kakhulu ye-smoothweed ingabhoboza ngisho nesikhumba somuntu. Lapho sithathwa ngokunganakekile, i-bug yamanzi ingabulala ukulimala okubuhlungu, imbangela yayo engeyona into yokubhoboza kakhulu njengoba amathe e-caustic akhululwa yi-mug. Ukulunywa yisinambuzane kufana kakhulu nophondo. Kungakho ngisho nama-smoothie abizwa nge- "wasp water", kuthi eJalimane "Scorpion" noma "bee bee".

Abantu abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi izimbungulu zamanzi zinazindlebe yini nokuthi zinaso yini isitho sokuhlola. Ukwenza isibonelo, kwi-Bialystomy kunezitho zokuzwa ezingxenyeni eziphakathi zomzimba futhi zibizwa ngokuthi i-tympanal organ. Ngokusho kwabaphenyi, i-bedrock bug iyakwazi ukuhamba esibhakabhakeni sibonga i-antennae, noma kunalokho amabhuleki akhona. Lesi sinambuzane esinamadevu sibopha ibhamuza lomoya lapho i-voltage isizwa khona njalo, sibonisa isidingo sokukhuphuka.

Uhlobo luni lwezimbungulu zamanzi ezikhona

Izimbungulu zamanzi, ngokungafani nezimbungulu zombhede, azinangozi ngokuphelele kubantu. Kepha uma usiphazamisa, njenganoma yisiphi isinambuzane siyozivikela, siyaluma. Ukuphila emanzini amasha, imifula namachibi. Imenyu enkulu iqukethe izibungu, izinambuzane ezincane. Abantu abakhulu bezimbungulu zamanzi bangadla ezinhlanzini ezincane, amasele, kwesinye isikhathi bahlasela izimfudu. Isinambuzane sisebenzisa amaphiko asemhlane waso kakhulu, kuphela ngenhloso yokuthola indawo entsha nokudla.

Izimbungulu zamanzi

Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zezimbungulu zamanzi ziyahlukaniswa:

1. Isigaxa samanzi. Kutholakala kuzo zonke izihlambi, amachibi ngisho nasezindongeni. Ihamba ngokushesha phezu kwamanzi. Umzimba omncane ufana nenduku, unamabili amathathu wemilenze.
2. Ukugoqa. Umzimba ungaphezu kwamamilimitha ayi-15 ubude. Abesilisa ngosizo lwe-tubercles kuma-paws abo bayakwazi ukwenza imisindo ukuheha izinsikazi. Kwesinye isikhathi bangasaba, ngoba ukundiza kuphuma emanzini. I-Rowing ayisebenzi ehlobo kuphela kodwa nasebusika.
3. Gladysh. Ubungako besinambuzane abudluli ku-15 mm, bunesisu esisicaba, esimnyama kunezimpiko. Uma uyithinta ngesandla sakho - ingagxuma, ngakho-ke kwathiwa igama lokugcotshwa kwamanzi.
4. I-Bialystoma - isiphazamiso esikhulu kunazo zonke. Ifinyelela ku-10-17 cm ubude.

Izinhlobo ezimbili zifanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile: i-smoothfin ne-whitefin. Lezi izimbungulu zamanzi ezinkulu, ezihlukile, kepha zaziwa kakhulu kunamapheshana amanzi ajwayelekile.

Okudingayo

Izimbungulu ziyisinambuzane esidlayo. Ukudla kuye:

• gazinga,
• tadpoles
• izimpukane zekaddis,
• izibungu nezinye izinambuzane ezincane.

Ihlasela inyamazane, ubukhwebu bayibamba ngosizo lwangaphambili, ihlabe umzimba wesisulu sayo nge-proboscis ebukhali. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-bug yamanzi ilimaza i-antiseptic, ngenxa yalokho okokufakwa kwayo ngaphakathi konxilisiwe. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uncele ukuvela okulula okuphumayo.

Imvamisa, inyosi yamanzi iba yisisulu senhlanzi noma yezinyoni. Umuntu akayideleli. Ungakujabulela isidlo esivela kule denizen yamanzi endaweni yokudlela yase-Thai.

I-Bedbug Gladysh noma i-wasp yamanzi

Isici esiyinhloko se-bedrock bug yindlela ehamba ngayo emanzini. Ngokusekelwe emilenzeni yangemuva kwayo, ishaya ingaphezulu lechibi, inqoba masinyane amabanga amade. Indawo enhle yindawo emanzi, ichibi noma ichibi. Kwesinye isikhathi amaqhude angabonwa kuphela echibini, kepha nasendlini, ngoba ukhangwa izibani zasebusuku. Ngasemuva kukhona izimbambo ezimbili zamaphiko asobala ne-elytra. Lesi sinambuzane sikhuphukela emoyeni ngenxa yendlala lapho ukudla sekuya phansi echibini elilandelayo.

Gladysh

Ukuluma kubuhlungu kepha, kepha akubeki ingozi empilweni.

I-Gladysh ngumzingeli omuhle kakhulu futhi oyingcweti yokuzifihla. Ewela emanzini, ubhukuda nesisu sakhe phezulu, ukuze abe nethuba lokulawula indawo ebalulekile yedamu. Ngemuva kwesinambuzane emanzini sikwenza kungabonakali inhlanzi. Ngemuva kokubamba inyamazane, ama-smoothie ayifafaza nge-enzyme ekhethekile, abese ebhula futhi amunce okuqukethwe ngaphakathi.

Ehlikihla izinyawo zakhe ngezinyawo zakhe, wenza imisindo efana nokushayeka kotshani. Izimbungulu zamanzi ze-smoothie azilimazi umuntu, ziyakwazi ukugwaza kuphela lapho ziqoqiwe.

Isinambuzane esikhulu - iBialystoma

Isibalo sezimbungulu zamanzi ezinkulu emhlabeni zincane kakhulu. Bahlala eSoutheast Asia naseNingizimu Afrika. I-bug yamanzi esithombeni ibukeka iyesabisa, ngoba ubukhulu bayo bufika ngamasentimitha ayi-17.

• amakhulu angaphambili afana nohlaka lomdlavuza
• Amehlo enene futhi makhulu,
• umzimba wobumbano obumbala, umbala kusuka onsundu kuya kumnyama,
• izimpondo ezinde.

Ngenxa yobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele kanye nokwakheka kwamajwabu, umkhomo we-white-chested uzingela amasele, izimfudu nezinhlanzi. Isiqhwaga samanzi siyisidlamlilo esingalinda inyamazane yaso isikhathi eside. Kuhlasela ngokushesha, kuseshwa kusengaphambili indawo ebuthaka emzimbeni wexhoba. Ingena esikhunjeni nge-phenoscis yayo futhi ifake imfihlo ekhethekile, encibilikisa ingaphakathi, bese kuthi ngemuva kwesikhashana ingubo eyakhiwe ikhishwe emzimbeni.

I-Bialystoma

Uma umuntu ojwayelekile ebona isimungulu esikhulu, uzothuka ngenxa yobukhulu bawo, bese kuba seThailand, umkhomo omhlophe obomvu uyisibiliboco futhi ubhujiswe kakhulu.

Lapho impilo isongela i-belostomy, yenza sengathi ifile futhi ikhubazekile. Kwesinye isikhathi iyakhipha esiswini, esesiswini, iphunga elixakile elethusa isitha.

Uma kucatshangelwa isithombe somuntu ohlala kulezi zindawo zokugcina amanzi, umuntu ngokuzithoba ucela lo mbuzo, ziphi izindlebe zesiphazamisi. Ku-bialystomy, atholakala engxenyeni ephakathi yomzimba futhi abizwa ngokuthi i-tympanic organ. Izitho zokuzwa zitholakala kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomzimba. Insiza yokuzwa inesimo esiyindilinga, esivaliwe yifilimu eyeluliwe esebenza njengegubhu futhi ivikele ekungeneni kwamanzi emzimbeni. Ngaphakathi, amasheya omoya anamathiselwe kuwo, ngenxa yokuthi yonke imisindo ikhulisiwe. Bahlanganiswe iziphetho zezinzwa, eziqonda ukunyakazisa kolwelwesi.

Ngemuva kokuthi i-Bialystoma ivuke ekuqothulweni, iqala ukudla ngenkuthalo, iphindisela izinsalela ezisetshenzisiwe zezakhamzimba. Bese kufike isikhathi sokuzalela, ukubeka amaqanda nokunakekela inzalo. Ukuqokwa kweqanda elilodwa kunamaqanda ayikhulu. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda emhlane weduna.

Ukuzalela kuthatha amasonto amabili. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa uhlala ebusweni bethala, ngoba isizukulwane esizayo sidinga umoya-mpilo. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa udla okuncane futhi abe yisisulu sabazingeli. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuphela isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwe-larval, inani lezimbungulu lehla kakhulu.

Amaqanda e-bialystomy

Lapho ushiya amaqanda, izibungu zinemizimba ethambile futhi ayinayo imibala. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikhava iyaqina futhi ithole umthunzi oyifunayo. Bese kuqala isigaba sokondleka okusebenzayo, bayadla, bakhule futhi balahle igobolondo le-chitinous, eliba masinyane kubo.

Ebantwini, isiphazamisi esikhulu akuyona ingozi, uyakwazi ukuklabha kuphela i-paw yakhe lapho egeza emanzini. I-enzyme etholakala esikhunjeni izobangela ukungaphatheki kahle, futhi umzila oshiywe yisinambuzane uzophola isikhathi eside.

Indima yesiphaphalazi esikhulu samanzi kunzima ukuyazi ngokweqile. Ukuba yisidlakudla, kusiza ukulawula inani lamakhulu ama-amphibians nezinambuzane emhlabeni. EJapan, kwaba nokushona okuphezulu kwamafudu amathathu-keel, okwaqothula izilimo zelayisi. Ngesikhathi kubhekwa, ososayensi bathola ukuthi yi-Bialystomy ngqo eyabulala. Kepha izimbungulu ezinkulu zibangele nomdwebo wokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi, zidla ukukhula kwentsha, okuthelwa amachibi.

Umugqa phakathi kwezinzuzo kanye nokulimala kokuba khona kwezidondosinda zamanzi kule planethi mncane kakhulu. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi emvelweni yonke into ixhumekile, kusuka kuma-microorganisms nokuphela ngezilwane ezinkulu. Imvelo ihlukile - idinga ukukalwa futhi ivikelwe.

Habitat

Izimbungulu zamanzi ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi ama-smoothie, zivame ukutholakala emizimbeni yamanzi emile. Kodwa-ke, ungafaki eceleni ukuthi kungenzeka uhlangane nesinambuzane epulini elijwayelekile noma emgqonyeni wamanzi. Kukhona amathuba aphezulu okuthola isiphazamisi samanzi ngisho nasendlini ehlobo. Iqiniso ukuthi ukunaka kwabo kukhangwa kakhulu ngokukhanya okukhanyayo. Futhi njengoba umsebenzi we-bugs uwa ebusuku, kuba sobala ukuthi kungani izinambuzane zikumathafa noma kuma-verandas, lapho amalambu akhanya.

Ukuzalela

Isikhathi sokuzalela sezinyosi zamanzi siwa entwasahlobo. Lolu hlobo lwezimbungulu zamanzi lubhekisele ezinambuzaneni ngomjikelezo wenguquko ongaphelele, kubandakanya izigaba ezimbili: izibungu nomuntu omdala.

Izinsikazi ezifakwayo zibekela amaqanda angamakhulu amabili, ezingatholakala engxenyeni engezansi yezitshalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi noma ngaphansi kwerebi. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu (ngokuya ngokushisa kwamanzi), kuvela izibungu eziyikhophi ephelele yabazali bazo. Ukusuka kuma-smoothie amadala ahlukaniswa ngosayizi wawo omncane nombala olula.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi sasehlobo, inzalo encane ihlaselwa izinyoka eziningana, bese iba ngabantu abavuthiwe ngokobulili. Isembozo se-chitinous esilahliwe ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa sinesimo esiqondile somnikazi waso wokuqala, futhi ngenxa yalokho, akunzima ukusidida nomuntu ophilayo wamanzi.

Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-smoothie ezivamile

Ama-smoothie ajwayelekile afinyelela ubude obuyi-15 mm. Umzimba wesinambuzane ngezansi uthambile ngokuphelele ngezinwele zokubamba ungqimba lomoya, kanti ngaphezulu kukhona i-convex, efana nesikebhe. Umbala we-integument uluhlaza grey ngombala onsundu we-elytra. Isifuba esiphezulu simnyama, ikhanda likhulu luhlaza okotshani. Phansi komzimba onsundu.

Amehlo makhulu, abomvu ngombala. Imilenze yangemuva yaphenduka imilenze yokubhukuda, ifakwe amabhulashi amade okubhukuda anemabhulashi aminyene.

Habitat of cocks ezivamile

Ama-smoothie ajwayelekile ahlala emijondolo enamanzi amile: amachibi, amachibi, amanzi asemuva, imifula, imifudlana. Ngokuvamile kutholakala ezingqimbeni zamanzi ezingenhla.

I-smoothwewe (i-Notonecta glauca).

Izinhlobo zezimbungulu zamanzi

Izinambuzane zasemanzini zihlukaniswe yimindeni emi-4:

1. Isigaxa samanzi. Bahlukile kwezinye izihlobo ngendlela yokuhamba nokuzingela. Abaphili ngaphansi kwamanzi, kepha impilo yabo yonke iyabonakala ebusweni bawo.
2. Gladysh. Izinambuzane ezinkulu zizulazula zibheke phansi emanzini. Ziyakwazi ukundiza ngamabanga amade, ngakho-ke zitholakala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Imvamisa ibizwa ngokuthi i-wasp yamanzi.
3. Ukugoqa. Ngaphandle, loluhlobo alufani neze ne-smoothie, kepha izikebhe ezigwedayo zibhukuda zibheke phansi. Iningi lezimpilo zabo bachitha emanzini amile.
4. I-Bialystoma. I-Waterbug yesayizi enkulu, ehlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo. I-Bialystoma isinambuzane esinokuphila kobusuku obumnyama. Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, uhlala emqamelweni, kuthi lapho kuvela isisulu, simshaye ngoshevu obuhlungu.

Izinambuzane ezivela kulemindeni zivame ukuhlala imizimba yamanzi amnandi, kepha ezinye izinhlobo nazo ziyaneliswa ngamanzi olwandle anosawoti.

Ukuguqulwa kwendawo yokuhlala kwe-smoothfish ejwayelekile

Inja ebushelelezi ejwayelekile emhlane wayo ngaphezu kwamanzi bese ifana nesikebhe: i-convex emuva “ingaphansi” yesikebhe, futhi isisu esisicaba siyaphakanyiswa. Uhlangothi oluyisisekelo lwe-smoothies lupendiwe ngombala omhlophe nge-streaks: lokhu kufihla ngaphansi kobuso obugqamile bamanzi. Ingxenye engezansi yomzimba we-busherish inombala onsundu, umbala wangaphansi onodaka ngaphansi kwerebi. Ngenxa yalombala, awubonakali kusuka ngaphansi. Imilenze yangemuva yama-smoothies ivumelaniswe kahle nokubhukuda. Babukeka njengama-oki amade ane-blade egwedla kude.

I -fishfish ejwayelekile indiza kahle - njengoba, ngeshwa, ezinye izinambuzane eziningi zamanzi. I-Waterbug iyakwazi ukwenza izindiza ezihamba amabanga amade.

I-Smoothie ikhuphukela emoyeni ebusuku, njengomthetho, ngenhloso eyodwa: ukuthola indawo egcwele ukudla. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinambuzane zindiza zisuka endaweni yokugcina amanzi ziye endaweni yokugcina amanzi, ngenkathi zanda izindawo ezintsha. Kwesinye isikhathi zingatholakala ngisho nasezihlahleni zemvula nasemathangini amanzi avulekile alungiselelwe ukulamulwa. Lezi zinambuzane zivame ukundiza ebusuku nokukhanya kwesibani.

I-“fishfish ”ejwayelekile iyisinambuzane esidliwayo, imvamisa“ ilenga endaweni ecashile ”, icashe ebusweni bamanzi bese isakaza imilenze yayo. Ngemuva kokuchaza isisulu, singena ngaphakathi ezweni bese, ngaphandle kokwenza ukunyakaza okuncane, kufana ne-cork eponswe emanzini, siphakamise umugqa oqonde ngqo kulowo osisulu bese siwubamba ngesandulelo saso esinamandla.

Ingaphezulu le-dorsal le-smoothies lipendiwe ukuze kufakwe amanzi ngaphansi kobuso obugqamile bamanzi.

Ama-smoothie ajwayelekile adla ama-invertebrates amancane asemanzini, kodwa futhi angahlasela nezinhlanzi ezincane. Ishaya inyamazane nge-proboscis emfushane futhi ebukhali kakhulu. Ngalesi sehlakalo esibucayi ufaka umuthi onoshevu ohlukunyezwayo.

Izici zokuziphatha

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-bug yamanzi:

1. Isigaxa samanzi. Abamele lo mndeni banomzimba omncane omncane, ophakeme onamabili amathathu wemilenze. Ngemuva kunikeza ukunyakaza ebusweni boketshezi. Amamitha wamanzi anesisindo esincane nendawo enkulu yokusekela, ngakho-ke awephuli ifilimu lamanzi futhi awathuli. Bahlahlela kalula emanzini, bahuduzele kude namalungu alo. I-paws yangaphambili yakhelwe ukubamba ukudla.
2. Ama-buties we-Bug Ubungako besinambuzane abudluli ku-15 mm. Ama-smoothie anesisu esisobala, esimnyama kunamaphiko. Ngokubukeka, umzimba ufana nesikebhe. Lapho igxotshwa ngaphezu kwamanzi, ama-smoothie agobhozela emhlane wawo bese eqala ukuzungeza kakhulu ngemilenze yawo yangasemuva, oars. Unamehlo amakhulu, abheke izisulu ebusweni bamanzi.
3. Ukugoqa okujwayelekile. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphansi kwama-600 zalokhu izinambuzane. Ukusuka kude, kulula ukuyidida nge-smoothie ngenxa yendlela yayo yokubhukuda. Isici esingahlukanisiyo sabahleli abahlelekile siyisakhiwo esiyingqayizivele kuleso naleso nalezi zimbambo. Imilenze yokuqala imfushane, ifakwe imilenze enengxenye eyodwa. Zifana ne-spatulas enamachokozi amancane (insimbi yomculo yokuqaqa). Ihlala ngaphansi kwamanzi futhi ibambe lesi sitshalo ngemilenze yaso ephakathi, umhlaseli ugijimisa ingaphambili laso ebusweni be-phenoscis, adale imisindo yokumemeza.
4. Isinambuzane samanzi amakhulu. I-Belastoma iyakwazi ukukhula ibe ngu-10-15 cm ubude. Imilenze yazo engemuva yenzelwe ukubhukuda, hhayi ukuhamba. Izibalo zangaphambili zinamandla, zinkulu, kepha zimfushane. Emikhawulweni kukhona izingwegwe ezifana nezimpondo. Basiza ekubambeni nasekubambeni isisulu. Ama-Belastomas awaphefumuli ngaphansi kwamanzi, ngakho-ke ayaphoqelelwa kaningi ukuntanta ngemuva kwengxenye yomoya. Isebenzisa amaphiko kuphela uma kunesidingo.

Iningi lezinto ezihlafunwa yilezi zinambuzane, ngaphandle kwemichilo yamanzi, ziguqulelwa impilo ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ama-smoothie nabahlengi benza imisindo ikhumbuzane nokukhonkotha kotshani.

Lapho zibona ingozi, zenza sengathi zifile, futhi uma lokhu kungasizi, zikhipha into enephunga elinephunga elingajabulisi. Izitha zihlola lezo zenzo njengesixwayiso ngokubakhona kobuthi.

Ngenxa yendlela ekhethekile yokubhukuda, ama-carnivores awaziboni izinhlanzi ezidlengayo emanzini. Umzimba obushelelezi wesinambuzane unombala ithoni yedamu, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuqaphela kusuka ekujuleni. Ukusabalalisa izimbambo ezinhlangothini, ama-smoothie ahamba kahle, besebenzisa amalunga ukujikisa.

Izinyoni azizinaki, ngoba kusukela ekuphakameni kwendiza zihlangana kalula nesitshalo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le ndlela yokuhamba nokuzifihla kusiza ama-smoothies ukusondela kulowo osisulu, ohlala engxenyeni ephezulu yamanzi, aqale ukudla. Kepha izinambuzane ezinjalo azinakuhlala emanzini ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Izikhathi ezithile ziyashona esiswini futhi zikhuphukele engxenyeni yomoya. Imvamisa ngalesi sikhathi bona uqobo baba yizisulu.

Habitat

Ama-smoothies ase-Waterbug awakwazi ukuhlala kuphela emachibini. Izigudla noma imiphongolo yamanzi nayo iba yindawo yazo yokuhlala. Futhi kusihlwa atholakala kuma-verandas noma kumathafa. Ama-Rowers ahlala ezindaweni ezifudumele nezisenyakatho.

Ziyasebenza zombili ehlobo nasebusika. Kwesinye isikhathi zibanjwa ngaphansi kweqhwa. Izimbungulu zamanzi zivame ukukhangwa ukukhanya ebusuku futhi zigijimela kuzo.

Isidleke esikhulu samanzi sithanda izihlambi ezingaxutshwe namanzi afudumele. I-India neThailand yindawo yokuhlala yabo eyinhloko. Zitholakala nezwekazi laseMelika. Indawo enhle yokuhlala kwabo ibonwa esifundazweni saseFlorida.

Progeny

Ama-arthropods aqanda amaqanda. Kepha indlela abayakha ngayo iyahlukahluka. Ama-smoothies abesifazane wokuzalela amaqanda ukhetha ubukhulu besiqu sesiqu.

Ama-rowers abamba amaqanda nenzalo yawo ngaphansi kwe-algae ejulile noma kwezinye izinto ezisendaweni engaphansi kwamanzi.

I-Bialystoma igcina inzalo yesikhathi esizayo ngaphansi kwengqondo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda emhlane weduna. Ngokuvamile kuba namaqanda amaningi kakhulu kangangokuba wonke umhlaba ugcwele.

Isiphazamisi esinamaqanda emhlane saso senza konke ukunyakaza (ukuhamba noma ukubhukuda). Ngaphambi kokuvela kwezibungu, ubaba wesikhathi esizayo ugxila ngokuphelele ekunakekeleni inzalo.

Owesilisa ukhetha izimo zokushisa ezidingekayo zamaqanda anezinzalo. Ibavikela kwabanye abahlaseli, futhi ibuye iqinisekise ukuthi umoya ujikeleza kahle ngokuzungeza ukubumbana.

IBialystoma yesilisa ngalesi sikhathi cishe ayikudli ukudla, ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokuzalwa kwezibungu, imvamisa iyafa.

Ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwayo kwempilo, izimbungulu zamanzi zidlula ezigabeni ezi-3 eziphambili: iqanda, izibungu, umuntu omdala. Izibungu ezizalwa ngokubukeka zibukeka kakhulu njengabantu abadala, kepha zincane kakhulu.

Ngaphambi kokuba izibungu ziphenduke umuntu ogcwele amandla, kuvela izixhumanisi eziningana.

Indima yama-smoothies emvelweni

Ama-bug smoothies amanzi alawula inani lomiyane. Ngosuku olulodwa, umuntu oyedwa udla kuze kufinyelele kuma-100 ezihlava zabo. Lapho ama-arthropods asemanzini edla gazinga lezinhlanzi, lokhu kuyingxenye evamile yeqoqo lokudla.

Lokhu kuthathwa njengokukhwabanisa kuphela emapulazini ezinhlanzi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-smoothie angukudla kwabanye abamele umhlaba wezilwane. Izimbungulu zamanzi ziyingxenye ebalulekile yesimo semvelo somzimba wamanzi omile, kanye nezilwane zomhlaba jikelele.

Ukulimala nezinzuzo zezimbungulu zamanzi ezinkulu

Lapho ihlangana nezandla zabantu abaphikelelayo, izimbungulu zamanzi ezinkulu zivikelwa ukulunywa, njengenyosi noma imfumba. Lokhu akunamiphumela emibi. Indawo elume ngokwayo iyancipha ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7.

Futhi inzuzo eyinhloko ye-belastoma idla ama-turtle amathathu, okuyingozi kuma-brood wezinhlanzi ezithengiswayo.

Futhi lezi zinambuzane zamanzi ezinkulu ezingenangozi zisetshenziselwa ukudla. EThailand, bakhonzwa kuthosiwe ezindaweni zokudlela eziningi. Isidingo phakathi kwabavakashi bezitsha ezinjalo ezixakile sikhulu impela.

Minyaka yonke amachibi aba mpofu kubantu abahlala emanzini. Kepha bayazama nokuzala kubo emapulazini akhethekile.

I-Waterbug uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-arthropod. Ebantwini, bacishe bangabi nabungozi, futhi ngenxa yezilwane kubalulekile. Ukubhubhisa lezi zinto eziphilayo akunangqondo noma kwenqatshelwe kumnandi. Umuntu kufanele anakekele imvelo, kufaka phakathi izinambuzane ezinjalo.

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Ukusakazeka kwama-smoothie ajwayelekile

Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ama-smoothie wensikazi ajwayelekile abeka amaqanda angama-200 engxenyeni engezansi yeziqu namahlamvu ezitshalo zasemanzini. Ubeka amaqanda kwizicubu zezitshalo. Ubunono benziwa ngamaqanda aphuzi akhanyayo, anamaqanda okusaqanda okwenziwe isangqa embuthanweni. NgoMeyi, ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14, kuvela izibungu, ezifanayo nezinambuzane zabantu abadala, ezidwetshwe ngombala ophuzi ophuzi futhi kungenamaphiko. Emanzini afudumele, ukuthuthukiswa kwezibungu kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kuze kube ngu-Agasti, ancibilikisa amahlandla amathathu futhi abukeka njengemifushane kakhulu yamaphiko. Ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa, isembozo sezibungu siyanyamalala ngokuphelele kubo. Isembozo se-chitinous esisele ngemuva kokuncibilika siphinda ukwakheka kwesinambuzane kahle kangangokuba kulula ukusidida nomuntu ophilayo.

Nge-molt yesine, ukuthuthukiswa kwama-smoothies kuyaphela, kepha kusathatha isikhathi esithile kuze kube lapho ikhava ye-chitin iqinisa ngokuphelele futhi ithole umbala wesimo.

Izwi le-smoothie esobala

Abesilisa abenziwe nge-smoothweed ejwayelekile bayakwazi ukwenza umsindo ofana nokukhonkotha izintethe. Ukuze benze lokhu, beshaya izimbotshana zangaphambili zamalungu ku-proboscis yabo.

Ngokubikezela kwayo, ama-smoothie aphakeme kunezihlobo zawo eziningi.

Imikhuba, indlela yokuphila, indawo yokuhlala, IZITHOMBE

Ummeleli we-Hydrocores uhluke kakhulu kudatha yangaphandle evela kubafowabo, izakhamuzi zasembhedeni. Umzimba wesidalwa abushelelezi. Kuyindlela okusaqanda ngayo. Isinambuzane silahla ngazimbili ezintathu zemilenze enamandla, isibalo esikhulu setae elastic emzimbeni wonke, amehlo amakhulu, i-proboscis, amaphiko ahlanganisiwe ne-elytra.

By the way, uma unesifiso sangempela, sincoma ukuthi uzijwayeze nezimbungulu zase-Italy!

Umbala wa "izigemanzi ezinje" ungaba:

• Uphuzi ophuzi.
• Ipinki ejulile.
• Luhlaza okwamafu.
• ITerracotta.

Ngendlela, bheka isithombe sesiphazamisi se-bedrock:

Vele, ukhetha izithombo zamanzi ahlanzekile. Imvamisa, abantu bahlangana nayo, bephuma edolobheni beya echibini noma echibini. Noma kunjalo, lezi zingxenye, yize iphupho lokugcina le- "parasite enwetshiwe" (namanje, yini isici!), Kepha akuzona zodwa ezifanele ukuhlala.

"Into encane" enjalo iyakwazi ukuhlalisa kunoma yisiphi isigaxa, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ihlala ngisho nomthombo wokukhanya, ngokwesibonelo, eduze nesibani noma isibani. Uphefumula umoya osemkhathini, ngenxa yokungabikho kwama-gill.

Njengoba isemanzini, i-bug iyabhonsa emhlane wayo ukuze ivikeleke. Imvelo yokusinda imvumela ukuba acashe ngempumelelo ezinhlanzini nakwezinye izitha ezisongela impilo. Ngempela, kunzima kakhulu ukuqaphela lesi sidalwa esincane kukholomu yamanzi.

Ukufaka isicelo endaweni ehlala khona amanzi futhi kungenye yezinyoni ezizama ukugwinya lapho ifinyelela phezulu. Ubukhulu becashile ekusukeleni abaxosha, kepha kwesinye isikhathi benza sengathi bafile.

Ebusika, izinyamazane azinayo i-caramel. Zikhethwa emhlabeni bese ziqala ukuhlala ezingxenyeni zefudu, amagxolo ezihlahla. IGladysh ukubhukuda okukhulu. Umzimba ngesimo se-granule evuvukala uyawuvumela ukuba ungene ngokushesha emanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubhekwa njengomculi omuhle.

Kuhlelwe ukuthi kwakheke imisindo ehlukahlukene, imilenze igoqeka ngokumelene ne-proboscis, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kwakheka izingoma ezihlanganayo, zibonwa yi-discoisseurs yangempela njengezivumelwano zangempela. Okunye okusikhumbuza lesi sikhalo sokumemeza isenzo esinemisindo yokudoba izinhlanga ezindaweni eziluhlaza okotshani.

Ukuzala kanye neminye imininingwane

Amaqanda asesimweni samaqanda abekwa izimuncagazi ezansi kwendawo yokugcina amanzi. Izibungu ziyavuthwa cishe amasonto amabili kuya amabili nengxenye. Ngalesi sikhathi udlula ezigabeni ezi-4 zokwenziwa. Uma amanzi efudumele, khona-ke imvelo ibhekwa njengekulungele ukuzalwa kwabantu abasha. Izibungu zikhanya.

Izinambuzane zabantu abadala zihlala ngokwehlukana, zinakekele zona kuphela, zinganaki izihlobo.

Kunezimbungulu zamanzi ezinkulu, okubizwa ngeBialystomy. Kubukeka njengamabhungane asindayo anezigaqa ezinamandla. Zibeka ingozi enkulu kuzinhlanzi, futhi umuntu ngezikhathi ezithile kusuka kumuntu omubi angakuluma emanzini.

Ungakhathazeki ngalokhu: e-Eurasia, i-Bialystomy iyivelakancane ngendlela emangalisayo. Izindawo abahlala kuzo yiNingizimu Afrika, i-East Asia, iNyakatho Melika.

Kepha bazala “matriarchally”: insikazi ibeka umthwalo (ukubeka amaqanda) kwi-elytra yeduna, futhi iqala ukuthwala umthwalo wayo osindayo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu, njengoba kusho uLeonid Kanevsky, kuyindaba ehluke ngokuphelele ...

Yilwa namaSuperficials

Ungabhekana kanjani nezimbungulu ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-smoothies? Ngabe kuyadingeka? Lezi zinambuzane azenzi lutho olubi esintwini, ngaphezu kwalokho, zibanga ngisho insimu, zizigabha ngesihlava somiyane.

Kepha njengoba ufuna, ungazama ukubhubhisa inyamazane ngomshini noma ngosizo lwezinambuzane. Mayelana nezisombululo ezinhle kakhulu zezimbungulu ezichazwe ekuqaleni, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola. Imvamisa, isenzo esinjalo senziwa uma kungenwa ngengozi ye-smoothies ekhaya.

Siyacela ngomusa: ngemuva kokufunda i-athikili, ungaziphikisi iholide eliseduzane namachibi, ngoba kuwubuwula ukwesaba izidalwa zikaNkulunkulu ezicishe zingabi nabungozi!

Imikhuba emangalisa "inyosi yamanzi"

Ama-smoothie ajwayelekile anesidlaliso sesiJalimane - iWasserbiene, okusho ukuthi "inyosi yamanzi." Iqiniso ngukuthi ukulunywa kwesipuni samanzi kuzwakala kusondelene nokukuluma kwenyosi. Ngakho-ke, amaJalimane eza negama elinembayo kakhulu lama-smoothie.

Ama-smoothie ajwayelekile ayisona isinambuzane esinolaka kakhulu, futhi abahlaseli abantu. Kepha lapho, ngokungakunaki ukuqaphela kokuqala, bezama ukuthatha isinambuzane ezandleni zabo, khona-ke ama-smoothies azophendula ngokushesha ngomjovo ovuthayo, imiphumela yalokho kuzozwakala isikhathi eside. Iningi lezingane ezixakile futhi ezinganakekeli, ikakhulukazi, zithinteka ukulunywa yimisipha evamile.

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