• IQINISO EBALULEKILE
• Isikhathi sokuphila nendawo yokuhlala (inkathi): Izikhathi ze-Triassic - Cretaceous (isiqalo) (cishe ngonyaka we-199.6 - 65,5 weminyaka edlule)
• Kutholakele: okokuqala ngqa ngo-1824, eNgilandi
• UMbuso: Izilwane
• I-Era: Mesozoic
• Uhlobo: Chordates
• Iqembu: Abefundisi
• Isigaba: Izilwane ezihuquzelayo
• Isikwele: Zavroperterigia
• Umndeni: Plesiosaurus
• Uhlobo: Ababhali

Ukubona ezithombeni zalelipinolin enkulu, enkulu nje, abantu abaningi bayayidida ngeLoesses Monster. Kunezindlela eziningi zokubhaliswa - ama-pliosaurs amade namachwane amade.

I-plesiosaurus yayinkulu, ihlala ngaphansi kwamanzi, kanti ukuzivikela okuyinhloko kwakuyi-skeleton yayo engaphepheki, sibonga ukuthi amathambo ayo asalondolozwe kangcono kunabo bonke abanye.

Ngabe udleni nokuthi iyiphi indlela yokuphila

Kwahlala olwandle nolwandle. Izidumbu ze-Plesiosaurus zitholakale kuwo wonke amazwekazi, ngisho nase-Antarctica. Cishe yonke impilo yami engangihlala kuyo ngaphansi kwamanzi, kwesinye isikhathi kwadingeka ngize ukuzokhipha umoya. Futhi, ngezikhathi ezithile, abantu ababenentamo ende babeqhamuka bezokwazi ukubamba izinyoni ezindizayo ngokudla, ngoba ubude bentamo babubavumela kalula ukwenza lokhu, kodwa nokho ukudla okuyinhloko kwakuyizinhlanzi. Njengokhokho wayo, i-notosaurus, i-plesiosaurus yabeka amaqanda esihlabathini.

Ngoba kwakukhona izinhlobo eziningana zamaPristiosaurs, azingelwa ngokuhlukile. Izikeleza ezazinezintambo ezimfishane zazishesha kakhulu futhi zahlasela inyamazane enkulu zisondele, zehlisela lonke uquqaba lomzimba wazo kohlukumezekile. Ngenxa yentamo yazo ende, abade basebenzise ubuqili, balanda isikole senhlanzi kusuka kude futhi babhukuda bangenzi ngamakhanda, futhi emva kwalokho babamba inyamazane yabo, bengayibhekile.

Imininingwane yesakhiwo somzimba

I-plesiosaurus kwakuyisidladla esikhulu, umzimba wawunjengomgqomo, intamo nezindalo zezinhlobo ezihlukile kuhluke kakhulu ngobude nobubanzi. Umsila obanzi, kodwa kunalokho omfushane ukhonze ukuhambisa emanzini. Amathambo ayenamandla kakhulu futhi akha ukuvikelwa okuthembekile komzimba nezitho zomfutho ekucindezelweni kwamanzi, kwakubalulekile kwi-pangolin, ngoba wayethanda ukwehlela ekujuleni kolwandle futhi azuze ezikoleni zezinhlanzi.

Ukwehluka

Kunemikhawulo emibili yesifunda sama-plesiosaurs - ama-plesiosaur amade (kubandakanya umndeni we-cymoliazavros) kanye nama-pliosaurids anemikhono emifushane.

Ama-plesiosaurs amakhulu kunawo wonke ama-pliosauroids we-genera Kronosaurus (I-Kronosaurus) kusuka ku-Upper Cretaceous yase-Australia kanye ne-lyopleurodon (I-Liopleurodon) kusuka ku-Upper Jurassic yase-Europe, Russia kanye neNingizimu Melika. Kokubili lokho, nokunye kungafinyelela ku-15 m ubude.

Ukuhamba kwe-BBC namaDinosaurs kufake i-lyopleurodon enkulu yamamitha angama-25. Kepha lezi zinombolo ziyakhukhumeza kancane. Izinsalela okuthiwa zingelolodurodon omkhulu ovela eNgilandi empeleni zazingezedayinasi enkulu. Kodwa-ke, ngonyaka we-2005, izidumbu ze-pliosaurus enkulu zatholakala eMexico, ubude bazo, umahluleli ngokubalwa, bufika kumamitha angama-20. Kepha lezi zibalo ziqanjiwe.

Umnotho

• IsikweleI-Sauropterygia
  • I-Pistosaurus
  • I-oda: Abefundisi (I-Plesiosauria)
    • Isizinda I-Plesiosauroidea
      • Ama-Plesiopterys
      • Umndeni wePlesiosauridae
      • Igugu I-Euplesiosauria
        • Superfamily I-Cryptoclidoidea
          • I-Cryptoclididae Family
          • Igugu ITricleidia
            • Umndeni kaTricledidae
            • Umndeni weCimoliasauridae
            • Umndeni wePolycotylidae
            • I-Elasmosauridae yomndeni
    • IsizindaPliosauroidea
      • I-Bishanopliosaurus
      • I-Megalneusaurus
      • I-Pachycostasaurus
      • ISinopliosaurus
      • I-Thalassiodracon
      • I-Archaeonectrus
      • I-Attenborosaurus
      • I-Eurycleidus
      • Rhomaleosauridae Umndeni
      • Umndeni we-Leptocleididae
      • I-Pliosauridae yomndeni

Ukuzala

Impikiswano mayelana nezindlela zokuzalela ama-plesiosaurs ibilokhu iqhubeka iminyaka engama-200.

Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ngenxa yesisindo esindayo kwakunzima ukuthola amaqanda asogwini futhi abeke amaqanda, okungukuthi, kwakufanele babe nama-viviparous. Ubufakazi bokuqala obuqondile balokhu batholakala ngemuva kokuhlolisiswa ngokucophelela kwesikebhe samathambo (ababesendlini engaphansi kweMnyuziyamu Yemvelo eLos Angeles iminyaka engaba ngu-20).

Abefundisi esikweni lomhlaba

Abefundisi baye bavela emisebenzini eminingi yobuciko. Incwadi yokuqala lapho kukhulunywa khona nge-plesiosaurus yi-Jules Verne's Journey to the Center of the Earth, lapho itholakala khona i-plesiosaurus emide. Kwinoveli ka-A. Conan-Doyle "Umhlaba Olahlekile", kukhulunywa ngethala lamanzi amancane ahlanzekile, ahlala echibini elisenkabeni yethafa. Kwinoveli ebhalwe nguV.A. Obruchev bekuchazwa izikhulu ezimbili ezilwa ngezinhlanzi. Isithombe esithembeke kunazo zonke se-plesiosaur sitholakala emsebenzini kaHarry Adam Knight "Carnosaurus".

AmaSulumane nawo avele emafilimini amaningi. Ifilimu elidume kakhulu nelikhunjulwa yifilimu esabekayo yaseJapan i-The Legend of the Dinosaur nefilimu yaseBrithani ye-The Land ukhohlwe Isikhathi.

Kumafilimu, ama-plesiosaurs ikakhulukazi abemelelwa yizilo ezinamandla egazi. Kepha lesi sithombe sikude kakhulu neqiniso. Ngaphezulu, ama-plesiosaurs aboniswa ochungechungeni lwethelevishini lwe-BBC Ukuhamba namaDinosaurs.

I-plesiosaurus ivela esiqeshini sama-22 sonyaka 3 ochungechungeni lwamafayili ama-X, i-Quagmire.

Abasakazi bezenkolo baphinde bavela emidlalweni yama-video iDinosaur Crisis 2 neTurk: Evolution.

Abefundisi bezinganekwane zesimanje

• UNessie owaziwayo, okucatshangelwa ukuthi uhlala eScotland Lake Loch Ness, ngokusho kwabanye abacwaningi, angaba ngummeli wokugcina wama-plesiosaurs. Abefundisi baqagelwa ngokuchazwa kwezinye izilo zasolwandle. Onke la machibi akhiwe ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu zeNyakatho Nenkabazwe futhi anamaphutha we-karst phansi.

Amanothi

1. ↑UDe la Beche, uH.T., noW.D. Conybeare, 1821, "Isaziso ngokutholwa kwesilwane esisha, sakha ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-Ichthyosaurus nengwenya, kanye nezitatimende ezijwayelekile ku-osteology ye-Ichthyosaurus", Ukukhokhelwa kwe-Geological Society yaseLondon5: 559—594.
2. ↑AmaSulumane awazange abeke amaqanda, ososayensi bayasho

Bona ukuthi "Abefundisi" bakuphi kwezinye izichazamazwi:

Abefundisi - isinqandamathe sezilwane zasolwandle ezingapheli zeqembu le-sauroperigia. Ubude bufika kumamitha ayi-15. Babenentamo ende. Yaziwa kusuka eMiddle Triassic kuya kuLate Cretaceous ezindaweni zasolwandle zawo wonke amazwekazi (ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica), kufaka phakathi neRussia (isifunda saseVolga, ... ... I-Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Abefundisi - (I-Plesiosauria), isizinda sezilwane ezihubhayo ezingapheli. sauroterigius. Yaziwa ukusuka eMiddle Triassic kuya kuLate Cretaceous wase-Eurasia, e-Afrika, e-Australia, eMelika kule ndawo. I-USSR esifundeni saseVolga, esifundeni saseMoscow, e-Ukraine, e-Urals, eSiberia. Ukuthola ukuchuma eJurassic ... Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary

ama-plesiosaurs - isinqandamathe sezilwane zasolwandle ezingapheli zeqembu le-sauroperigia. Ubude bufika kumamitha ayi-15. Babenentamo ende. Baziwa ukusuka kwi-Middle Triassic kuya kuLate Cretaceous ezindaweni zasolwandle zamazwekazi onke (ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica), kufaka phakathi neRussia (isifunda saseVolga, ... ... isichazamazwi se-Encyclopedic

Abefundisi - (I-Plesiosauria) isizinda esikhulukazi kunazo zonke zezinxephezelo ezinkulu ze-oda le-sauroopterygian le-subclass ye-synaptosaurs (Bona. Ama-Synaptosaurs). Bahlala eTrassassic Cretaceous. Umzimba ungafika ku-15 m ubude, ama-vertebrae angama-100 150 anezimbobo ezicwebezelisiwe eziphakeme, ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Abefundisi - Isizinda semvelo yezinambuzane ezingapheli. ezihubhayo neg. sauroperigia. Ngoba kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-15. Babenentamo ende. Yaziwa kusuka ku-cf. I-Triassic to the Late Cretaceous in isifo esiwumshayabhuqe. izisekelo zawo wonke amazwekazi (ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica), kufaka phakathi insimu. IRussia (isifunda saseVolga, isifunda saseMoscow, iSiberia). P. ... ... Isayensi yemvelo. Isichazamazwi se-encyclopedic

ama-plesiosaurs - (gr. Plesios close +. Saur) iqembu lezilwane ezihuquzelayo zasolwandle ezinkulu zesikhathi se-Mesozoic esinogebhezi oluncane nentambo ende, ekuqaleni kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ama-plesiosaurs ayenezibankwa, okubonakala egameni (bona futhi nama-pliosaurs). ... ... ulimi

Umfundisi -? Kingdom I-Plesiosaurus Plesiosaurus Isayensi Ukuhlukaniswa KweSayensi: Izilwane Uhlobo Lwezilwane: I-Chordata Class: Izilokotho ... I-Wikipedia

Uhlaka jikelele 4 - Izilwane ezihuquzelayo uma ziqhathaniswa nama-amphibians zibonisa isigaba esilandelayo sokuthathelwa kwezidumbu zezilwane ezizimele emhlabeni. Lawa ama-vertebrates okuqala eqiniso asemhlabeni, abonakala ngokuthi azala emhlabeni ngamaqanda, uphefumula ... ... Biological Encyclopedia

I-GEOLOGY - Isayensi yesakhiwo kanye nomlando woMhlaba. Izinto eziphambili zokucwaninga ngamatshe, okubonisa irekhodi lokuma komhlaba, kanye nezinqubo zesimanjemanje nezinqubo ezisebenza ebusweni bayo nasemathunjini, ... ...

Ama-Pliosaurids -? † I-Pliosaurids Pliosaur ... i-Wikipedia

Indaba yokutholwa

Izicucu zamathambo zamathambo wezinto ezigcotshayo ziphakathi kwezinto zokuqala zezinto ezihubhayo ezingaziwa esezaziwa isayensi. Ngo-1605, uRichard Verstegen wase-Antwerp, wafanekisela umsebenzi wakhe i-vertebrae yokuqala ye-plesiosaurus, kodwa wabafaka njengamathambo ezinhlanzi zasendulo, waveza nombono wakhe wokuthi iGreat Britain yake yahlangana nezwekazi laseYurophu. Ngo-1699, u-Edward Lewid, emsebenzini wakhe, wafaka nezithombe zamathambo we-plesiosaurus, okwakusebhekwa njenge-vertebrae yezinhlanzi yohlobo Ichthyospondyli. Ezinye izazi zemvelo zangekhulu le-17, ezinjengoJohn Woodward, zathola amathambo e-plesiosaur emaqoqweni wazo, asabonakala namuhla eSedgwick Museum, University of Cambridge, England.

Eyokuqala ka-Plesiosaurus Fossil, 1719

Ngo-1719, uWilliam Stuckley waseNgilandi wachaza ithambo lokuqala lengxenye yesikhalazo, esaziswa uJobert Darwin, wase-Elston. Itshe lesiga elalinemichilo lafakwa emgodini eduze kwedolobha laseFulbek. UStuckley wayekholelwa ukuthi la mathambo amelela uhlobo oluthile lwesidalwa sasolwandle, mhlawumbe ingwenya noma dolphin. Namuhla, lesi sampula, ngaphansi kwenombolo yokusungula iBMNH R.1330, sigcinwe eMnyuziyamu Wezemvelo Wezemvelo waseLondon futhi siyithonya lokuqala lesilwane sasolwandle esiqoqweni semnyuziyamu.

I-Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus (W. Conybeare, 1824)

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, ama-plesiosaurs ayesaziwa kahle. Ekugcineni, ngonyaka we-1821, esinye isicucu sesikebhe, esivela ekuqoqweni kukaThomas James Birch, sachazwa uWilliam Coniber noHenry Thomas De la Beche ngaphansi kohlobo olusha abalubiza ngokuthi yi-plesiosaurus - I-Plesiosaurus. Leli gama lisuselwa kwelesiGreek elithi πλήσιος (plesios) - “close” ne-saurus yesiLatini, okusho ukuthi “isibankwa” futhi lisho ukuthi i-plesiosaur yayisondele ngokuziphendukela kwezinye izidalwa ezinjengengwenya, kunama-ichthyosaurs, ayenesimo esifana nesenhlanzi. Izingcezu zalesi sibonelo ziseqoqweni likaMnyuziyamu Wezemvelo, i-University of Oxford.

I-Plesiosaurus eyatholwa nguMary Enning ngoDisemba 1823

Ngokushesha kulandelwa okusha okusha okujabulisayo. Ngo-1823, uThomas Clark wabika ukhakhayi olucishe luphelele lwe-plesiosaurus (okungenzeka ingeyohlobo lwe-thalassiodracon I-Thalassiodracon),, esachazwa yiBritish Geological Survey njengesampula ye-BGS GSM 26035. Ngawo lowo nyaka, umzingeli wezinsalela zamandulo, uMary Anning, wathola umkhondo wamathambo cishe waseLyme Regis, ngaseDorset, ezindaweni zokugcina namuhla ezibizwa nge- "Jurassic Coast." Ikhophi lalithengwa nguDuke waseBuckingham, owanikeza lona ukuthi alifundele uSolwazi uWilliam Buckland. NgoFebhuwari 24, 1824, lesi sampula sethulwa nguWilliam Coniber enkulumweni ye-Geological Society yaseLondon ngaphansi komhlahlandlela I-Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus, igama lezinhlobo lisho "inenkani ezinde", emhlanganweni ofanayo, idayinaso elisha - i-megalosaurus - yachazwa ngokwesayensi. Abefundisi baqala ukwaziwa ngumphakathi jikelele ngokubonga okushicilelwe nguThomas Hawkins: "Amamephu ama-Ichthyosaurs namaPlesiosaurs" ka-1834 kanye ne- “The Book of the Great Sea Dragons” ka-1840. U-Hawkins waveza umbono oyingqayizivele wezilwane, wazibuka njengezinto ezidaliwe zikaDeveli, ezinsukwini ezingaphambi komlando ka-Adamu emhlabeni (ngaphambi kokuvela kwesintu). Le midwebo ingabonakala eBritish Museum of Natural History.

I-Plesiosaurus macrocephalus (1894)

Imfucumfucu, eyaba ngumfanekiso wesibili owatholwa nguMary Anning eLyme Regis, ngoDisemba 1830, yaqanjwa nguWilliam Buckland ngo-1836 ngaphansi koshicilelo lwe I-Plesiosaurus macrocephalus. Yathola igama layo ngenxa yekhanda layo elikhulu kakhulu, uma iqhathaniswa ne-plesiosaurus yangaphambilini. UWilliam Willoughby, Lord Cole, kamuva u-Earl Enniskillen (futhi umcwaningi eGeological Society) bathola imfucumfucu ngo-1831 ngenani elikhulu lama-guineas angama-200 - izinhlamvu zemali zegolide. Ngo-Ephreli 4, 1838, uRichard Owen, emhlanganweni we-Geological Society of London, wethula incwadi yakhe ethi Viscount Cole I-Plesiosaurus macrocephalus". Isibonelo seBMNH R1336 sakhiwe ngesikebhe esilondolozwe kahle somuntu osemusha, esingamamitha amathathu ubude, esikhishwe ngedwala block. Isampula manje seligcinwe eMnyuziyamu Wezemvelo weMbali waseGreat Britain.

Izithombe zamademoni zikaThomas Hawkins plesiosaurs.

Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-19, inani lokutholwa kwama-plesiosaurs landa ngokuqinile, ikakhulukazi sibonga ngokutholwa kokufakwa emanzini asolwandle eLyme Regis. NguSir Richard Owen kuphela oqambe cishe izinhlobo eziyikhulu zezinhlobo, noma kunjalo, iningi izincazelo zabo zazincike emathanjeni angawodwa, ngaphandle kocwaningo olwanele ukuze bakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo esezike zachazwa phambilini. Iningi lalezi "zinhlobo ezintsha" ezichazwe ngalesi sikhathi kwathiwa azilungile, kanti ezinye zabelwa ezinye izinhlobo noma imindeni. Ngo-1841, u-Owen waqamba uhlobo olusha lwe-Pliosaurus - I-Pliosaurus brachydeirus. I-etymology yayo iqala kuma-plesiosaurus angaphambili futhi isuselwa esiGrekini. I-πλεῖος (pleios) - "ngaphezulu," ngokusho kuka-Owen, wayesondele kakhulu kwizibungu kune-plesiosaurus. Igama lakhona elithile lisho ukuthi "olunamachwane amafushane". Kamuva, ama-pliosaurid aqashelwa njengokwehluka ngokwesisekelo kwezokuziphatha kuma-plesiosaurids. Umndeni I-Plesiosauridae yayivele inikezwe uJohn Edward Grey ngonyaka we-1825, kwathi ngonyaka we-1835, uHenry Marie Ducrot de Blainville, wahambisa iqembu elizimele I-Plesiosauria.

Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19, ukutholwa okubalulekile kwenziwa ngaphandle kweNgilandi, ikakhulukazi amathambo ama-plesiosaurs atholakala emthambekeni wolwandle i-American Cretaceous Western Inland Sea, eNyobrara. Enye yezinsalela, ikakhulukazi, yaphawula ukuqala kweMpi yamaBone phakathi kwezimbangi zezimbangi u-Edward Drinker Cope no-Otniel Charles Marsh. Ngo-1867, uDkt Theophilus Turner wathola umkhondo wamathambo wezilwane eduze naseFort Wallace eKansas, wanikela ngawo kuCope. I-Cope izame ukubuyisa isilwane ngokususelwa emcabangweni wokuthi ingxenye emude yomgogodla ingumsila kanti ingxenye emfushane iyintamo. Ngokushesha waphawula ukuthi ithambo elalakhiwe ngaphansi kwezingalo zalo lalinezimpawu ezithile ezikhethekile: i-vertebrae yomlomo wesibeletho inama-chevrons, kanti i-vertebrae yomsila ibhekiswe emuva emuva. Ekhungathekile, uCope waphetha ngokuthi usethole iqembu elisha kakhulu lezilwane ezihuquzelayo: I-Streptosauria (i-streptosaurus) noma "izijikelezi ezijikelezayo", ezihlukaniswa ama-vertebrae ajikayo, ukungabikho kwemilenze eyisisila nomsila, okuhlinzeka ngokunyakaza okuyinhloko. Ngemuva kokushicilela incazelo yalesi silwane ngonyaka we-1868, kwalandelwa ngumfanekiso emsebenzini wakhe wezilwane ezihuquzelayo nezidalwa eziphila ngaphansi komhlaba, uCope wacela uMarsh noJoseph Lady ukuba bahlobise isilwane sakhe esisha abasibiza ngegama. Elasmosaurus platyurus - i-elasmosaurus.

Ukwakhiwa kabusha okuyiphutha kwe-Elasmosaurus (Cope, 1868)

Ukulungiswa Kwokwakhiwa kabusha kwe-Elasmosaurus (Cope, 1869)

Ngemuva kokulalela ukuhunyushwa kweCope, uMarsh waphakamisa ukuthi incazelo elula yesakhiwo esiyinqaba ukuthi iCope yahumusha kabi isakhi somgogodla. Ngenkathi uCope esabela ngokudabukisayo ngalesi siphakamiso, uLady uthathe ugebhezi walubeka ku-vertebra yokugcina okuthiwa i-caudal vertebra, asondela kuyo: empeleni kwakuyi-vertebra yokuqala yomlomo wesibeletho. UCope olinganiselayo wazama ukuhoxisa ukushicilelwa kwemisebenzi yakhe, kepha lapho lokhu kwehluleka, washicilela uhlelo oluthuthukisiwe ngomfanekiso olushintshiwe, kodwa ngosuku olufanayo lokushicilela. Akazange avume iphutha lakhe, ethi wadukiswa nguLady uqobo, echaza isibonelo Cimoliasaurusiphinde yaphenduka ikholomu yomgogodla. UMarsh ngokuhamba kwesikhathi wathi leli cala yisizathu sokuxabana kwakhe neCope: "Kusukela lapho, usephenduke isitha sami esibuhlungu." Kamuva, bobabili uCope noMarsh, ekuncintisaneni kwabo, babiza izinhlobo ezintsha nezinhlobo zama-plesiosaurs, iningi lawo manje elibhekwa njengelingasebenzi.

Ama-Orthodox avela kwi-Water Reptiles of the Past and Present, umfanekiso ka-Albert Kull, ngo-1914.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, izifundo eziningi zama-plesiosaurs zenziwa ngowayengumfundi waseMash, uSolwazi uSamuel Wendell Williston. Ngo-1914, uWilliston wanyathelisa incwadi yakhe ethi, “Amanzi Aphilayo Esikhathini Esidlule Namanje,” okwase kuyiminyaka eminingi ingumbhalo ogcwele kakhulu kuma-plesiosaurs. Ngo-2013 kuphela incwadi yokuqala yesimanje eyashicilelwa u-Olivier Rippel. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili, i-United States yahlala iyisikhungo esibalulekile sokucwaninga, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokutholakale kukaSamuel Paul Wells. Ngesikhathi seminyaka eyi-19 kanye nekhulu leminyaka lama-20, kuchazwa ama-plesiosaurs amasha ngozalo ezintathu noma ezine kule minyaka eyishumi, kepha leli mashi landa ngokungazeleleki ngeminyaka yama-1990s: amagama ayishumi nesikhombisa aphindwe ngabachazi be-plesiosaurs achazwa ngalesi sikhathi. Ijubane lokutholwa lashesha futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, unyaka ngamunye kuchazwa cishe ama-plesiosaurs amathathu noma amane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lo mphumela wenziwe wabonga ocwaningweni olunzulu lwensimu.

Isikhathi eside, izinsalela zezilwane ezihuquzelayo zasolwandle eziningi zabangelwa yilolu hlobo. Inqwaba yezinhlobo ezazifakwe ngaphambili kuma-plesiosaurus manje seziqanjwe kabusha futhi eziningi zazo aziyona eyamalungu omndeni wePlesiosauridae. Isibonelo, uPlesiosaurus rostratus noPlesiosaurus conybeari baqanjwa kabusha I-Archaeonectrus (archeonectrus) kanye I-Attenborosaurus (Attenborosaurus), ngokulandelana, zombili ezisondele kuma-pliosaurids.

UStorrs ngonyaka we-1997 wehlise inani lezinhlobo ezivumelekile ze-plesiosaurus zaba ezintathu. Kodwa-ke, ezimbili zazo zikhombise izici ezihlukile ezidinga ukwahlukaniswa kwezimpawu: “I-Plesiosaurus” i-guilielmiiperatoris namuhla ithathwa njenge Seeleyosaurus, igama lahlongozwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule futhi lavuselelwa nguGrossman (2007), kanye ne- "Plesiosaurus" brachypterygius manje yaziwa ngegama elithi gidrion - I-Hydrorion. Njengamanje, i-genus Plesiosaurus iqukethe inhlobo eyodwa kuphela evumelekile - P. dolichodeiruskepha ezinye izinhlobo ezihlobene ne-plesiosaurus ziseyimpikiswano. Isibonelo, i- "Plesiosaurus" "macrocephalus" kungaba yiRomaleosaurid encane. Rhomaleosauridae - Lokhu kungumndeni we-Jurassic plesiosaurs, okuhlala endaweni ephakathi nendawo phakathi kwama-plesiosaurs nama-pliosaurs, ikakhulukazi onentamo emfushane nekhanda eliphakeme.