I-R otan (Perccottus glenii) isho izisulu zamanzi aphakathi nendawo ezinamazwibela (ama-Perciformes), lapho zakha khona uhlobo lwazo oluhlukile lwe "firebrand" (Perccottus). Izwe elingumlando lamatekisi yiMpumalanga Ekude. Lesi simo sendawo nokufana kwangaphandle kwabamele abomndeni we-goby (Gobiidae) kubangele igama elingafanele - i-Amur goby. Futhi, empilweni yansuku zonke, inhlanzi ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi utshani, iZelenchak, i-gorlach, i-gulp, i-gingerbread rotan noma i-firebrand nje.

Yini i-rotan: incazelo nendawo

Ngenxa yokuluma okusebenzayo, ukunambitheka okuhle nokuqukethwe okunamafutha ngokulinganayo, lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi ezidla inyama luyinto edumile yezemidlalo nokudoba ngama-amateur. Ukumelana nezinguquko ezenzeka kungazelelwe emazingeni okushisa, ukuncishiswa komoya-mpilo, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi nokuxineneyo kwenze isithando somlilo saba yindawo yokuhlala amachibi amaningi, imifula, amachibi nezindawo zokugcina ezingxenyeni eziningi zeRussia. URotan uhlala ngobuningi eLake Baikal, iVolga, i-Ural, iDon, i-Irtysh, imigodi yase-Kama, izindawo zokugcina zezifunda zaseMoscow naseLeningrad.

Manje uhla lwasekhaya lwe-rotan olunezindawo ezithile olungagadliwe ukusuka emngceleni waseRussia-Chinese (Ussuri, Urgun, Amur) esifundeni seKaliningrad, iNeyman, iNarva neLake Peipsi.

I-firebrand kulula kakhulu ukuyihlukanisa kwabanye abamele i-ichthyofauna ngokubukeka kwayo kwesimo:

• inhloko enkulu (1/3 yobude bomzimba),
• inceku yesibili enkulu ikhulu kuneyokuqala,
• isiqu esiyindilinga nesiqu somsila ocolisisiwe,
• isikali esilinganayo, esiphakathi nendawo
• umlomo omkhulu onomhlathi ophansi ophakeme nemigqa eminingana yamazinyo amancane abukhali avuselelwa ngezikhathi ezithile,
• isikhundla esisezingeni eliphansi
• mpunga isisu
• umbala oyisisekelo ngamathoni aluhlaza okotshani nomdaka onsundu,
• Imivimbo elula futhi amabala ahlakazeka ngokungenacala ezinhlangothini.

Ngenxa yokufana kwangaphandle, kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwe-rotan nenkunzi. Kuyadingeka ukunaka amaphiko we-ventral - ngaphezulu kwekhanda kukhona ezimbili, zincane kakhulu futhi zinesimo esiyindilinga. Kwabamele izinto ezihamba phambili, lesi sitho sokubhukuda esibunjiwe sesikhule sindawonye futhi sibukeka njengendebe enkulu yokudonsa.

Izici zokuziphatha nokudla

URotan ubonakala ngosayizi omncane futhi uhola indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke yokunamathela, enamathela phansi nakwindawo yokuhlala yemvelo (amatshe, izimila, izigaxa). Ekubambeni, izinhlanzi ezinesisindo esingu-200 kuya ku-200 g zibanjwa ngokujwayelekile.Imibhalo yokuqagela yeminyaka engama-400-500 g eyi-5-6 mancane kakhulu amathuba okuba ilume. Ngasikhathi sinye, isisindo esiphezulu se-rotan sifinyelela ku-750-800 g ngobude obungama-25-30 cm.Bantu kuphela abake baphila impilo yabo yonke (iminyaka engama-7-8) ezimeni ezintofontofo nezondleke kahle abangaziqhayisa ngobukhulu obunjalo.

URotan ungumhlaseli osebenzayo, onobudlova futhi ohlale elamba njalo onganciphisa kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi abhubhise ngokuphelele, inani labantu bezinye izinhlanzi nezilwane ezibandayo, ngokwesibonelo, amasele nama-newts.

Indawo oyithandayo ye-rotan ngamachibi amancane anendawo yokuma noma ehamba kancane ehamba kancane nobuningi bezitshalo zasemanzini eziphakeme. Ngenxa yezinqubo ezikhethekile zezinto eziphilayo kanye nolwelwesi lwe-mucous lomzimba, inhlanzi ithola ukoma okubucayi kanye nokuqandeka ngokuphelele kwechibi, umfudlana, isiteshi, ichibi.

Isisekelo sokudla kwama-firebrands kufaka i-leeches, izibungu, izibungu, ama-invertebrates amancane, ama-tadpoles, i-caviar kanye nezinsana zezinye izinhlanzi (i-bream, i-carp, i-crucian carp, i-gudgeon, i-carp ejwayelekile, i-roach, i-loach). Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyi-scavenger ephimisiwe futhi i-cannibal. Ikhwalithi yokugcina yaziwa kakhulu emachibini amancane ngesibalo esisetshenziswayo se-rotan. Futhi, izinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidla ezinye zidla utshani. Ngokuya ngosayizi kanye nezimpawu zedamu, kungaba yi-perch, i-pikeperch, i-pike, i-burbot noma i-catfish.

IRotan ihlala isebenza futhi inesifiso sokudla esihle unyaka wonke, okuvumela ukuthi ibanjwe kokubili emanzini avulekile naseqhweni. Izinhlanzi aziyeki ukudla noma imvula, isimo sezulu esinomoya, ukushisa ngokweqile nesithwathwa. Isifiso sokudla esingapheliyo siyanyamalala kuphela ngesikhathi sokuluka.

Ngenxa yomlomo wayo omkhulu nomphimbo obanzi, inyamazane iyakwazi ukugwinya kancane kancane nangokuzithemba inyamazane yobubanzi obufanayo nomzimba wayo. Kulesi simo, isisu sanda kakhulu ngosayizi, futhi isisu siqala ukugcwala. Lapho-ke izinhlanzi ezondleke kahle zishona phansi, zithole indawo ethembekile bese zigaya ukudla izinsuku eziningi, zigcine zingashukumi.

Ukuzala

Ukuthomba kwe-rotan kwenzeka eminyakeni engama-2-3. Ukuhlakazeka kwenzeka ngo-Ephreli-Meyi emazingeni okushisa wamanzi we- + 15-18 ° C. Amanzi angajulile angahlotshaniswa nezitshalo eziminyene noma inqwaba yesigceme esiqinile aqokelwa njengezindawo ezinwebayo, lapho izinsikazi zama-rotan zibeka ingxenye yemigqa eminingana ngisho yamaqanda amade futhi anamathela nobubanzi obungu-1,3-1,5 mm. Ikhefu phakathi kwezinduku kungamaviki angama-2-3. Ngesizini eyodwa, insikazi ngayinye iyakwazi ukunika impilo ku-800-1000 gazinga.

Ngenkathi yokuzalela, abesilisa bathola umbala omnyama wokukhwelana, ngenxa yokuthi izinhlobo zazo zathola igama lesidlaliso elithi "firebrand". Ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokusatshalaliswa, zinakekela inzalo yesikhathi esizayo, ziqaphe ukwenziwa kwazo ubusuku nemini futhi ziyenze ifane nemigqomo yokucebisa umoya-mpilo. Izibungu zeRotan zihlala ziphephile ngokuphelele, ezikhipha amaqanda ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-4-5 bese zishintsha ngokushesha zidle e-zooplankton. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-fry esekhulile isivele iba isidlo sakusihlwa kumzali wayo, ngakho-ke ifihla ngokuthembekile ezitshalweni eziminyene kude nezihlobo nezinye izinhlanzi.

Ukubamba i-rattan

Izinhlobo zotshani zithanda indawo engaxutshanga nasogwini enamazinga amaningi agqamile, ama-crustaceans amancane, ama-amphibians, nama-larvae aphansi, asebenza njengesisekelo sokuphakelwa kwawo kokudla. Esimweni esinjalo, ukudoba ku-donka yodidi olude kuyinto engenakwenzeka ngenxa yokulayisha kabusha okuyinkimbinkimbi. Emanzini avulekile, afudumele, ukubambana okuhle kakhulu kwe-rotan kuzoba yinduku yokudoba impukane.

Entwasahlobo, ekwindla nasezinsukwini ezinamafu ezinamafu, ukuphuma kwesikhanyiso, ngokwesibonelo i-microjig, iziveza kahle. Futhi, ekubambeni okuthukile futhi okunembile kwe-rattan enkulu, i-zergel noma i-donka ebhodleleni kufanelekile. Ebusika, izinhlanzi zibanjwa ngaphansi kweqhwa ngentambo ebukhoma noma ngenduku yokudoba.

Ukukhetha kwe-Bait

I-Gluttony kanye nezinhlobo ezihlasimulisayo zinquma ukukhetha okuningi kwama-nozzles wemvelaphi yezilwane. Izimbotshana ezinamanzi ezijikeleza izinhlanzi ku:

• umhlaba, nesibungu,
• izibungu zegazi, izimpethu, izimpukane zekadadis,
• inyama yeminenke, imollusks, ama-amphibians,
• ukubheja okuncane okubukhoma,
• isheyiti lokufakelwa.

Imvamisa ezenzelwa ekubambeni i-rattan yenyama nesikhumba senkukhu, izingcezu zenyama yenkomo kanye nesinqe, imichilo yezinhlanzi ezintsha. Ukudla okunjalo okukuvumela ukuba ugxile ekubambeni inyamazane futhi kubhuntshise amathuba wokulunywa kwezinhlobo ze-carp: i-crucian carp, i-roach, i-rudd, njll. Ezilondolozelweni ezisetshenziswe kakhulu, i-rotan ingakwazi ukugoqa amathiphu wesitshalo (uphizi, isinkwa, ummbila, inhlama).

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

Ekuqaleni, izinhlanzi ze-rattan zazihlala emfuleni i-Amur, futhi kamuva zavela ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi angenamanzi amasha. Imvelaphi ngqo ayaziwa, kukhona ukuqagela mayelana nokusatshalaliswa komphangi. Ekuqaleni, kwakuyizinhlanzi zasemanzini ezazilethwa zivela eNdiya. Muhle kakhulu futhi akathobeki, futhi wakhiqizwa kahle kakhulu e-aquarium enama-rigging amancane. Babembiza ngenkunzi ka-Amur.

Ama-Aquarists anqume ukwenza ucwaningo ukuthola ukuthi impilo yaluphi uhlobo isindile, bakhipha ingxenye yezicishamlilo echibini laseMoscow. Abantu bebephila kahle futhi belazi kahle ichibi. Kamuva baqala ukwandisa ibanga labo, bekhetha amaxhaphozi ngamanzi amile.

Kusatshalaliswa ezifundeni zaseMoscow naseLeningrad. Kancane kancane, izinhlanzi ze-rattan zagcwala imifula yamazwe aseYurophu, izidumbu zamanzi eRussia. Kugcwele eMpumalanga Ekude.

Babize isicishamlilo ngenxa yezici zesakhiwo. Ingxenye yesithathu yomzimba ihlala ekhanda. Umlomo mkhulu ngamazinyo abukhali avuselelwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Amehlo amancane abheke phambili. Umbono obukhali ukuvumela ukuthi uphendule masinyane ekulweni. Ngaphandle kufana nethole lenkomo, kepha kungokwalowo mndeni wezicishamlilo. Abadobi abangazi ukuthi i-ratan ibukeka kanjani bayithatha njengenkunzi yomfula.

Ukubukeka nezimpawu

Umzimba uqinile futhi ufinyezwa kancane. Isikali asikhanyi. Imibala enemibala iyahluka. Umbala uhambisana nokukhanya nombala ongaphansi kwendawo yokugcina ehlala kuyo. Imibala eluhlaza eluhlaza okotshani nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ivame kakhulu. Iphethini ngesimo imivimbo kanye amabala bobunjwa ahlukahlukene. Isisu ngimpunga. Ngesikhathi sokuhlakazeka, umzimba wesilisa ubumnyama, ngakho labo abangazi ukuthi i-ratan ibukeka kanjani bakubheka njengenye inhlanzi enhlobonhlobo.

Esihlahleni se-gill kukhona umgogodla othambile, uphendulwe emuva. Amaphiko atholwe ngombala womzimba, obala. Abangemuva mude kunangaphambili. Ama-Caudal ne-pectoral fins anesimo esiyindilinga. Isisu esincane kakhulu, sibhangqiwe, sitholakala eduze kwekhanda.

Ubukhulu obukhulu bomuntu buyi-14-25 cm, kepha le nhloko ayivamile ukufinyelela ubude obude. Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuphila yiminyaka engu-4-5, kepha esimeni esihle sihlala iminyaka eyi-7. Isisindo 350-400 g .. Izinhlanzi ziqinile kakhulu. Babekezelela ukuqandeka echibini kuze kube phansi, ukomisa kwabo okuyingxenye, ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo, ukungcola nokungcoliswa kwamanzi.

Ihlala kuphi i-rotan?

Kuyinto engaphenduki ngokuqondene nokuphila nokudla, kepha ithanda izifufula zemifula ezinemifino ecebile, izintokazi ezindala, amachibi anamanzi amile. Uyakuqaphela ukugeleza, azame ukungabhukudi eduze futhi asondele.

Ekuqaleni, lezi zinhlobo zazirekhodwa eMpumalanga Ekude yeRussian Federation, enyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina, ebhusha lase-Amur nasenyakatho neNyakatho Korea. Kamuva wahlalisa iBaikal nezindawo zokugcina izidumbu eSt. Petersburg, lapho akhululwa khona ngamabomu.

Manje isithando somlilo sibhekwa eNyakatho ye-Esasia, imifudlana yomfula iDanube, iDnieper, Volga, Don, Dniester, ezindaweni eziningi ezihlala eRussia. I-Waterfowl ineqhaza ekwandeni kwesibalo sabantu. Zithwala amaqanda agxishwe emaphondweni abo emabangeni amade.

Ngabe udlani?

Ama-watpoles adla i-zooplankton. Izingane ezivuthiwe zidla ama-benthos nama-invertebrates. Abantu abadala badla i-fry, tadpoles of amphibians, izibungu zezinambuzane, izidalwa ezintsha nezinhlanzi ezincane. Bayakwazi ukudla ama-firebrands amancane kanye nefry yabo, i-cannibalism isakazekile. Emachibini amancane, izinhlanzi ze-rattan zizalela kahle futhi ziqothule ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi.

Ososayensi babiza i-rotan isinambuzane, ngoba ihlangana kahle kunoma yisiphi isihlambi samanzi esisha. Ubhubhisa ngokushesha izinhlobonhlobo zezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi kule ndawo uma kungekho zidli ezinkulu endaweni.

Unobukhazikhazi obuningi. Ungazinaki izingwegwe, iminyundu, inhlwathi nezinambuzane. Ungadla inyama egayiwe, igwinye kakhulu isithiyelo. Ngesinye isikhathi, udla inani elikhulu lokudla, ngakho-ke isisu sakhe sikhuphuka amahlandla ama-3. Ingadla izinhlanzi ezincane ezingama-2-3 ukuya kuma-4 cm ubude ngosuku.Kulula ukubamba i-ratan ngenduku ejwayelekile yokudoba, izingcezu zamafutha noma inyama eluhlaza okhozini.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

I-Rotan ayifuni ekushiseni kwamanzi. Uzizwa emuhle emanzini ngokushisa kwe +3⁰ - + 40⁰. Kuvunyelwe ukugcinwa emanzini. Ukuthuthuka okugcwele kudinga amalitha ayi-10 amanzi umuntu ngamunye. Esimweni sokufakelwa, izinhlanzi zinombala okhanyayo ngenxa yokukhanya okungcono. Kunconywa ukuhlinzeka ngezindawo eziningi zokukhosela nezitshalo.

Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, uthule emanzini, esondela kulowo ohlaselayo. Lapho sekusondele cishe i-10 cm kulitshe, umlozi wenza ijerk futhi agwinye inyamazane yakhe ngaphandle kokuphosa. Isisulu asinaso isikhathi sokwehla kuye, ngoba asiboni ngesikhathi esifanele. Utshani botshani buthanda amaqhubu aminyene, okwenza ukudoba kube nzima. Ukugoqa kubanjwa kalula odakeni nasemigodini.

Ungabamba ngenduku yokudoba futhi uphanyele kunoma yikuphi ukujula, kufaka emanzini angajulile, lapho phansi kubonakala kahle. Kunzima ukusibona lesi silwane. Unganquma ukuba khona kwayo ngesithunzi esaphonswa phansi.

Uma kunganikezwa isiheho semvelo, faka imishini yokufakelwa efana nezimpethu kanye nefry. Kunconywa ukukhetha ibheyidi kusuka enjoloba odliwayo, njengoba inhlanzi ngesikhathi sokuzingela igxile ekunambithekeni kwenyamazane.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Abantu abaneminyaka emibili bakulungele ukuzalaniswa. Omama abakwaziyo ukuqhekeka bayakwazi ukufinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha ayisikhombisa.Ikhanda liqhuma ngoMeyi-Juni, bekhetha izindawo ezinezimila eziphakeme. Emadodeni, ingxenye engenhla yekhanda iyavuvukala, umzimba ube mnyama. Owesifazane oyedwa omkhulu uginya amaqanda ayikhulu kuya kwayikhulu.

Ubumbano bunamathiselwe ezintweni ezahlukahlukene nezitshalo ngokuzimela. Amaqanda anamathele, ahleliwe kahle, angakwazi ukuhlala phansi, anamathele kudoti wasendlini osezinze phansi.

Amaduna aqapha amaqanda kuze kukhule imithungo. Ngemuva kwalokho ushintsha isimo sakhe sengqondo ngenzalo, iba yithagethi yokuzingela. Ukuze usinde, amachashaza ayaphoqeleka ukuba acashe emadwaleni naphakathi kwezinto ezahlukahlukene ezansi. Amafutha adla ukudla okuvela kwimvelaphi yesilwane kuphela, njengoba umuntu ngamunye ekhula, usayizi wezinyama ukhuphuka.

Izitha zemvelo zama-rotans

Inhlanzi iyisimangaliso, ngakho-ke itheleleka kalula ngamagciwane. Zonke izinhlobo zama-helminths zihlala emzimbeni, zinciphisa isikhathi sokuphila. Ingozi eyinhloko imelelwa yizinyamazane ezinkulu, ubukhulu bawo buvumela ukuzingela ama-rotan nokunciphisa inani lakhona. Izitha eziphambili yi-perch, catfish kanye ne-pike.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Izinhlanzi zaseRotan zithathwa njengeziyindida ngoba zanda ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zigcwala ezinye izinhlanzi, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezibalulekile zokufuya. Kwezinye izindawo zokugcina, kubekelwa isikhundla "sokungcoliswa kwebhayoloji nge-rotan". Kwenziwe isinqumo sokwehlisa inani labantu bakhona ngamabomu ngokubamba izinhlanzi ezindala ezindaweni zokusatshalaliswa ngokweqile ukuze kube nezinhlobo ezibalulekile ezingalulama.

Ingabe kuyinhlanzi edla inyama

Inhlanzi yeRotan ayihlaseli ama-specimens amakhulu, ngakho-ke, kunzima ukuyibiza ngokuthi yidlozi elidala elicekela phansi yonke into ilandelana. Inani le-crucian carp, carp kanye nezinye izinhlanzi liyancipha ngenxa yokudla i-caviar kanye nefry.

Utshani buyasiza futhi buyingozi ngasikhathi sinye. Ungumhlaseli osebenzayo maqondana nezinhlanzi ezincane, angachitha yonke inhlobo ebangeni. Isibalo sabantu ku-reservoir siyancipha, izinhlanzi ezisindile zithola ukondleka okuningi, zikhula zikhulu.

Ukunambitha izakhiwo ze-rotan, kungenzeka ukuthi udle

Abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi utshani buyadliwa noma cha. Wamukelwa ngochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngenxa yenyama yokudla. Iyatholwa, ithosiwe, ibilisiwe futhi yomile. Akunamathambo emzimbeni wesidumbu; ahlanzwa kalula kusuka esikalini. Offal isuswa ngokwenza ukuhlangana esiswini eceleni kwekhanda. Inyama eyosiwe inoshukela.

Amathambo avame ukususwa ngesikhathi sokudla. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukusula isidumbu esincane emathanjeni.

Inyama ebilisiwe inombala omhlophe-opinki nokunambitheka okumnandi. Ambalwa amathambo amakhulu, ngakho-ke inhlanzi ilungele ukudla izitshulu nokudla okusemathinini. Ukudla inyama kudliwe kahle. I-100 g iqukethe ama-calories angama-88. Inhlanzi inamaprotheni amaningi, amavithamini A, u-E no-D, kanye ne-bromine, i-iron, ithusi, i-manganese, i-potassium ne-magnesium.

AmaRotan Ukudla Ungadliwa

Isigaxa somlilo esosiwe Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zikhethiwe. Izidumbu ezinamaphini zingasikwa zibe yizicucu, kodwa kungcono ukuthosi okuphelele. Inhlanzi igoqwe kahle ufulawa kanye gazinga nhlangothi zombili kuze kube nsundu yegolide. Sebenzisa imifino noma ibhotela. Ukwenza ukhrisimu, imizuzu emi-5 ngaphambi kokuphela kokupheka, ipani ivaliwe ngesivalo.

U-Omelet ovela emlilweni. Izidumbu ezithosiwe zisikwa zibe yizicucu, zifakwe epanini. Shaya amaqanda ngobisi. Ingxube ebangelwa ithululelwa epanini. Ungangeza u-anyanisi oqoshiwe oluhlaza neminye amakhambi ngendlela oyithandayo. Ilungiselelwe ngendlela efanayo ne-omelet yendabuko ene-lid evaliwe.

Izinhlanzi ngaphansi kwe-marinade. Izidumbu zibilisiwe emanzini anosawoti kuze kube mnene.Hlukanisa amathambo ngokugoqa izingcezu zenyama esitsheni esijulile. Lungiselela i-marinade. Sika kahle u-anyanisi, izaqathe ezi-2 hlikihla ku-grater. Imifino idluliselwa epanini yokuthosa bese ithosiwe, engeza unamathisela utamatisi, cishe wezipuni eziyi-3-4, no-1 isipuni sikaviniga, izinongo. UFillet uthelwa nge-marinade, ayivumele ithale amahora amaningi. Ifanele njengentamo ebandayo.

Isaladi lezinhlanzi neqanda nekhukhamba. Izidumbu zibilisiwe noma zidluliselwe kuze kuphekwe. Kuhlikiwe izingcezu, kwahlukanisa amathambo, kwachotshozwa ngemfoloko. Faka iqanda elibilisiwe elibilisiwe kanye ikhukhamba elisikiwe enyameni nengulube. Igqoke imayonesi noma ukugqoka okhethekile. Ukuze ugqoke ukuthatha lwesinaphi, uwoyela yemifino, usawoti omncane, faka i-pepper ngokuzithandela.

Isobho lekhowa. Epanini elinamanzi abandayo, nquma amazambane kanye izaqathe ku-cubes. Emanzini abilisiwe, kungcono ukufaka i-dill eyomile ne-parsley esikhundleni samakhambi amasha. Beka iqabunga leqabunga, upelepele omnyama kanye nophizi. Izingcezu zezinhlanzi ezilungiselelwe zidluliselwa kumhluzi bese zipheka imizuzu engama-20. Endishini eseqediwe, ungangeza ibhotela no-ukhilimu omuncu.

Indlebe. Izidumbu ezisetshenzwe ngokuphelele, ama-turnips, izaqathe, izimpande ze-celery, anyanisi ophakathi, amaqabunga e-bay, upelepele omnyama afakwa ku-cauldron enamanzi abandayo. Ngemuva kokubilisa engeza amazambane, uthathe ama-cubes. Pheka cishe imizuzu engama-60. Indishi eseqediwe ifafazwa nge-parsley eqoshiwe ne dill.

Izindlebe zezinhlanzi. Ama-dumplings aseBelarusian abizwa ngokuthi izindlebe. Lungiselela izinhlanzi ezingulube kusuka kwinhlanzi ebilisiwe ngaphambili. Fry anyanisi. Faka inkomishi e-1 yenkomishi ebilisiwe, u-anyanisi enyameni egayiwe. I-glove, engeza usawoti uhlanganise. Ukugcwaliswa okuholela kusetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa amadombolo.

Ukugcoba kuhhavini. Izidumbu ezilungiselelwe ngaphandle kwekhanda zihlikihlwe ngosawoti omncane. Bayeke bagcizelele usawoti. Ehlanzwe usawoti bese egxotshwa ngethawula lephepha. Preheat kuhhavini ku-200⁰. Amafutha emifino athululelwa esitsheni sokubhaka ingilazi, asabalalisa ungqimba omncane ngaphansi. Babeka inhlanzi, bayimboze ngamafutha zemifino ngaphezulu, ukuze inhlanzi ingomi futhi ingashisi. Mboza nge-foil bese ubhaka imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40. Ngemuva kwalokho i-foil iyasuswa futhi ibhakwe kuze kube nsundu yegolide cishe imizuzu eyi-10.

I-firebrand ibhekwa njengenhlanzi yonke. Ukusuka kuwo ungapheka cishe noma yisiphi isidlo: ama-meatballs, ama-casseroles, izinhlanzi ezikheniwe namaphayi. Kunezindlela eziningi zokupheka zabapheki abanolwazi nalabo abazi ukupheka i-rattan. Inhlanzi ihlanganiswe nendishi eseceleni, ingasetshenziswa njengesitsha sokuzimela samaholide.

Unesikhathi esingakanani ube ne-CATCH enkulu kakhulu?

Ugcine nini ukubamba inqwaba yamaphayiphu / IZINYEMPILO / imizimba?

Ngaso sonke isikhathi sifuna ukuthola umphumela wokudoba - ukubamba hhayi ama-perch amathathu, kodwa amaphayile ekhilogremu ambalwa - lokhu kuzoba ukubanjiswa! Ngamunye wethu uphupha ngalokhu, kepha akuyena wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi kanjani.

Ukubamba okuhle kungatholakala (futhi siyakwazi lokhu) sibonga ngebheti elihle.

Ingalungiswa ekhaya, ungathenga ezitolo zokudoba. Kepha ezitolo kuyabiza, futhi ukuze ukwazi ukupheka isheyiti ekhaya, udinga ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi, futhi, kahle kakhulu, kude nokuhlala njalo isithiyo sekhaya sisebenza kahle.

Uyakwazi ukudumazeka lapho uthenga ibheyithi noma uyipheke ekhaya futhi ubamba iminsalo emithathu noma emine?

Ngakho-ke mhlawumbe sekuyisikhathi sokusebenzisa umkhiqizo womsebenzi owenziwe ngempela, ukusebenza kwawo okufakazelwe ngokwesayensi nangokuzijwayeza emifuleni nasemachibini aseRussia?

Vele, kungcono ukuzama kanye kunokuzwa amahlandla ayinkulungwane. Ikakhulu manje - inkathi uqobo lwayo! Isaphulelo esingu-50% lapho uku-oda kuyibhonasi enhle!

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-rotan futhi itholakala kuphi?

URotan ungenye yezinhlobo ezisabalele kakhulu zezinhlanzi ze-ray-fin endaweni ye-Euro. Ungowomndeni wakwaGoloveshkov, yingakho elinye lamagama yi-firebrand. Endle, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zama-rotan, kepha ezindaweni ezihlala kuzo iRussia kanye namazwe e-CIS kunenhlobo eyodwa kuphela yotshani, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi inkunzi ye-Amur ngokufana okuthile ngokubukeka.

Imvelo yokuhlonza

Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obunesizotha, i-rotan iyisidleke esisebenzayo, esikwazi ukuqothula ngokoqobo zonke izinto eziphilayo eziza ngendlela yayo. Ngakho-ke, kubafuyi abaningi bezinhlanzi, iba yinkinga yangempela. Impela, kuhlu lokuthandwa yi-gastronomic for rotan, caviar and Fry isendaweni yokuqala. Kuyiqiniso, kwinhlanzi enkulu efana ne-pike ne-perch, isithando somlilo uqobo siba inyamazane, esivame ukusetshenziswa ngabadobi lapho bebamba izinhlanzi ezinkulu zokwenza i-rattan bait.

Izimpawu zangaphandle

Ukubonakala kwe-firebrand akukuhle neze, kepha ungayibona le nhlanzi ngokushesha ngezici ezilandelayo zokulingiswa:

1. Izibonda. Utshani abukhulu: ubude babantu abadala abanokudla okuhle kufinyelela ku-15-25 cm, futhi isisindo sabantu abakhulu kunazo zonke asidluli ku-0.5 kg.
2. Isifiso sempilo futhi kuya ngokuya ngezimo zokuphila. Esikhathini esiningi, le nhlanzi ihlala iminyaka emi-4-5, kepha kukhona abagcina isikhathi eside abaneminyaka yobudala engama-7.
3. Ikhanda liyingxenye ekhombisa kakhulu yomzimba. Mkhulu ngokungalingani ngokuhlangana nomzimba; umlomo we-rotan ufana nomlomo wesinyamazane, sakhiwe ngemigqa eminingana yamazinyo amancane kodwa abukhali.
4. Umzimba mnene futhi mfishane, umbozwe ngezikali ezibuthuntu. Ikhanda lishintsha umbala ngokuya ngezimo zemvelo. Kepha amathoni ansundu, aluhlaza okotshani asagcotshwa amachashaza amancane nemivimbo.

Habitat

URotan ubekezelela izimo zokuphila ezinzima ngokweqile. Unguhlobo lukaHarry Houdini wombuso ongaphansi kwamanzi. Ezindaweni lapho amanye amanzi amasha afela khona emaphaketheni, i-rotan izizwa ikhululekile. Isibonelo, ivumelanisa nemvelo yasemanzini engenampilo, izizwa kahle emigodini nasezigungwini, futhi yenza ikhaya elinethezekile ngisho nangamanzi okuhambisa indle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nhlanzi imilutha yomzimba wamanzi amancane emvelo.

Kwiqhwa elinamandla, i-rotan ayifi, noma ngabe igobhoza ngaphansi kwekhava leqhwa elihlanganisa imifula ebusika. I-Firebrand ithanda amachibi lapho kungekho bancintisana khona. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, inhlanzi izizwa iphephe ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, ezimbizeni ezincane zamanzi ezinamanzi amile, i-rotan iphindaphindeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Imvelo yasemanzini enosawoti omncane nokushiswa kwemifula akukuphazamisi impilo yakhe. Ukuphela kwento ephazamisa ukuthula kwe-firebrand yizitha eziningi, yona uqobo iyimpango emnandi.

Indawo yokusabalalisa

URotan - ongowokuzalwa komgodi oMfula i-Amur, uqhamuke nalinye igama lakhe - igama le-Amur. Ukusuka emkhakheni weMpumalanga Ekude, izinhlanzi zaqala ukusakazeka ngenkuthalo nakwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba. Ukusatshalaliswa okusakazekile kwaleli khamu lamanzi amnandi kwakuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokukhipha le nhlanzi ungene kwenethiwekhi yemisele yaseSt. Petersburg ngo-1916. Namuhla, inani lama-rotan likhulu kunawo wonke. Lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi ezihlotshiswe ngemisebe luhlala emigodini cishe yonke imifula yaseYurophu; litholakala emifuleni i-Ob, i-Irtysh ne-Ural. Izindawo zokugcina amanzi zaseChina naseKorea nazo zifakiwe ohlwini lwezindawo eziyinhloko zalokhu kudla kwasemfuleni.

Umsoco

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, i-rotan ayisazi isilinganiso ekudleni. Isifiso sakhe sihlala sisezingeni eliphakeme, ngakho-ke amacala e-cannibalism ahlala njalo ezinhlwini zamadoda akubo. Vele, indawo enjalo ihlala ibulala abanye izakhamizi ezincane zemifula namachibi. Futhi, ama-leeches, i-caviar yezinye izinhlanzi, kanye nama-tadpoles afakiwe ekudleni kotshani.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-rotan nenkunzi

1. Indawo yokuhlala ngumehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-rotan nenkunzi. IMoth iyisakhamuzi samanzi amasha, ngesinye isikhathi izinhlanzi kuphela ezingaphuma emifuleni zingene emanzini olwandle. Ama-gobies, kunalokho, ahlala emanzini anosawoti noma kancane anosawoti, yize azivumelanisa kalula nemvelo enamanzi amnandi.
2. Ukubonakala kwalezi zinhlanzi ezimbili nakho kuhlukile kakhulu: irotan inekhanda nomlomo omkhulu. Ngenkunzi, lezi zitho zomzimba zilingana ngesizotha, futhi ngenxa yalokho azibukeki zisabisa.
3. Isimo somzimba wenkunzi siyindilinga, umzimba uthambile phambi komsila. Isidumbu se-rotan sithambile emaceleni aso.
4. Izinhlobo zalezi zakhamizi ezimbili ziyefana - ziyingxenye yeqembu lezinhlanzi ze-perch, ngakho-ke bobabili abamele banamaphini amabili e-dorsal. Kepha otshanini, bacishe bafane, futhi ekuhambeni, inhlamvu yangemuva yide kakhulu kunangaphambili.
5. Amaphini wesisu we-gobies akhule ndawonye futhi abukeka njengendebe yokudonsa. Amalangabi esiswini angamaphiko abhangqiwe.

Ukwakheka nokuqukethwe kwekhalori

Inyama ye-rotan imhlophe qhwa, inokunambitheka okumnandi, nokunambitheka kancane. Lo mkhiqizo wokudla uhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zekhwalithi. Kepha ukwakheka komkhiqizo wezinhlanzi kufanele ukunakwa okukhethekile. Engxenyeni esenqeni yezinhlanzi, i-nicotinic acid (i-Vitamin PP) itholakala ngobuningi. Ngokwengeziwe kule ngxenye esebenzayo, umkhiqizo uqukethe:

• Amavithamini A no-D
• amaprotheni wokugaya kalula
• ama-omega acid
• yonke inkimbinkimbi ye-aminoxylot,
• i-tocopherol noma uvithamini E.

Futhi futhi nezinto zamaminerali: i-molybdenum, i-zinc, isibabule, i-nickel, i-chromium neqembu lonke lamaminerali adingwa ngumzimba womuntu.

Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukwakheka kwenyama ye-rotan kuyindlela yokulinganisa evumelana nezinto ngendlela eyodwa eyinkimbinkimbi ibe nomthelela omuhle enkambweni cishe yazo zonke izinqubo ze-biochemical.

Kepha ivelu enkulu yomkhiqizo wezinhlanzi ingukuqukethwe kwekhalori yayo ephansi. Inani lomsoco lengxenye yama-gramu ayi-100 yenyama ebilisiwe ingama-88 kcal kuphela. Vele, le nkomba izoba ngaphezulu kwenhlanzi ethosiwe, kepha hhayi kangako ukuthi yenqabe isidlo esihlwabusayo noma ngesisindo. Iqiniso ngukuthi inyama ye-rotan idonswa masinyane ngumgudu wokugaya ukudla, ngakho-ke umzimba awunaso isikhathi sokubeka eceleni amafutha ngekusasa.

Inzuzo ejwayelekile

Ama-Dietitians ancoma inyama yalesi sidlakudla esincane ngesikhathi sokululama ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nokugula isikhathi eside. Ukudla kwenhlanzi okunjalo kusiza ngalezi zimo ezilandelayo ze-pathological:

• ukukhathala komzimba
• ukusilela kwamavithamini
• ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla
• buthaka ukungatheleleki
• ukungasebenzi kwe-yegilo,
• ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal
• i-anemia
• ukunciphisa ukubuka nesifo sehlo,
• Izinkinga ze-potency emadodeni,
• ukudangala nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa,
• isifo senhliziyo,
• ukungasebenzi kwenhliziyo.

Ukufakwa kwezitsha ze-ratan ekudleni kuzosiza ukuqinisa impilo yabantu abadala ngisho nezingane. Ukudla okulula ukupheka nokudla okulula okuzoba lula, futhi okubaluleke, ukwengeza okungabizi kakhulu kwimenyu yomndeni. Cabanga ngezinzuzo zokufaka le nhlanzi yasemfuleni emaqenjini ahlukahlukene abantu.

Kwabesifazane

Kuyiqiniso, kubamele abaningi besigamu esifanelekile, umsebenzi oyinhloko ukugcina amafomu amancane wesithombe. Uma i-rotan ithola indawo efanelekayo ekudleni kowesifazane wanoma yimuphi ubudala, ungagcina isisindo somzimba esifanele iminyaka eminingi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhiqizo wezinhlanzi uqukethe ama-amino acid amaningi alawula izinqubo zokwenziwa nokubumba umzimba. Ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, le mpahla iyadingeka ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane. Ama-acid e-Omega nezinto zamaminerali kuzothuthukisa isimo sesikhumba nezinwele, futhi kuqinise namazipho. Ngamagama, utshani bungumkhiqizo olusizo kakhulu hhayi empilweni yabesifazane kuphela, kodwa futhi nasekubukekeni okukhangayo.

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, abesifazane kufanele bafake izinhlanzi ekudleni. Ukwakheka okulinganiselwe kahle kwenyama yenkomo kufanelekile ukondla omama abakhulelwe uma upheka kuhhavini futhi usunile. Izinhlanzi ezomile zingadliwa ngezikhathi ezithile lapho kungekho edema. URotan uzohlinzeka ngomzimba kamama kanye ne-fetus ekhulayo nazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo. Izici ezibaluleke kakhulu zempilo yengane engakazalwa ziyinkimbinkimbi yamavithamini namaminerali abandakanyeka ekwakhekeni kwamathambo amathambo, amazinyo nobuchopho. Ososayensi bakufakazisile ukuthi abesifazane abadla njalo izinhlanzi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akuvamile ukuba babe nezingane ezinokuhlukumezeka kokukhula.

Lapho uncelisa ibele

Noma iyiphi inhlanzi iyasiza kwabesifazane abambisayo, ngoba ukwakheka kwemikhiqizo enjalo kukhulisa ukuqunjelwa. Inyama ye-tatan ratan ingaba yisisekelo sokudla komsoco komama ngesikhathi esibucayi sokuncelisa ibele. Ingane, kanye nobisi lwebele, izothola zonke izinto ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kwayo okuphelele ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Kepha inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu yemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi ukuthi iqukethe i-Vitamin D, ukusilela kwayo okubangela ama-rickets ezinganeni. Akusho ukuthi omama abancelayo kufanele bakhethe indlela enamanzi yokulungisa izitsha zenhlanzi noma bhaka inyama ye-oveni kuhhavini. Kungcono ukulahla ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi ezomile nezinosawoti okwesikhashana.

Okwezingane

Izinhlanzi zidlala indima enkulu ekudleni kwezingane ezincane.

1. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwezitsha ezilungiselelwe indlela emnene kuzoba ukuvikela okuthembeke kakhulu kwama-rickets.
2. Ukudla okunjalo kusiza ukuqinisa amazinyo namathambo, kusebenze ubuchopho bengane, okuzothinta amakhono akhe obuhlakani ngokuzayo.
3. Akumele sikhohlwe ukuthi izakhi zokwakhiwa kokudonswa kwezinhlanzi zenza ngokwezifiso indlala yegilo, ilawule ukwakheka kwegazi futhi inikele ekwakhiweni kwehomoni yokukhula.

Ngakho-ke, uma umntwana engezwani nemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi, i-rotan ilungele ukondliwa eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila. Kepha esimweni sokulungiselela ingane ukudla, umuntu kumele angakhohlwa ukuthi izakhamizi zasemanzini ahlanzekile yizona zinto ezithwala izinambuzane. Ngakho-ke, inhlanzi kufanele icutshungulwe kahle futhi ilashwe isikhathi eside.

Qaphela: Kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukunikeza isithando somlilo esomile elangeni ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-5, ngoba izinhlanzi ezinosawoti zinikeza umthwalo owengeziwe ezinso.

Lapho wehlisa isisindo

Abantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile kufanele bashintshe kusuka kumikhiqizo yenyama enekhalori ephezulu baye enhlanzi. I-Rotan ilungele indima yomkhiqizo wokudla oyisisekelo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuhanjiswa kwama-gramu ayi-100 kokudonswa kwezinhlanzi kunikeza umuzwa wokugcwala okuhle, futhi inani lokudla lesidlo elinjalo alidluli amayunithi ayi-100. Okuqukethwe kwekhalori yesobho yezinhlanzi ezinotshani kuphansi ngisho. Ngokubuka ukwakheka kahle komkhiqizo wezinhlanzi, esimweni sokunciphisa umzimba, umzimba ngeke uhlupheke ngokuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba.

Ukulimaza nokuphikisana

Akukho okuphikisana ngokuphelele nokusetshenziswa kwe-rotan. Odokotela kanye nezazi zokudla okunempilo babona ngamabomu izici ezinhle zale nhlanzi encane. Ngakho-ke, uma kungekho ukubekezelela komuntu ngamunye emikhiqizweni yezinhlanzi, ungapheka noma iziphi izitsha ezivela kulomuntu onamanzi amasha.

Kuliqiniso, kunesigaqo esisodwa esingafanele ukunganakwa: i-rotan ayifunwa ekuhlanzeni kwamanzi, ngakhoke abadobi bayayibamba emapayipini okuhambisa indle nasezimbizeni ezingcolile. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga izinhlanzi, kungakuhle ukuthi uchaze indawo lapho yabanjwa khona.

Ungayikhetha futhi uyigcine kanjani

I-Rotan akuyona inhlobo yezinhlanzi ezentengiso, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuyithenga esitolo esivamile. Imikhiqizo enjalo kufanele ithengwe kuphela kubangane abathanda ukudoba. Futhi inketho ethembeke kakhulu ukuthi ube nomdobi wakho embuthanweni wangaphakathi. Kepha noma unabangani abahle, udinga ukuthenga umkhiqizo onjalo ngemuva kokuhlola imingcele eminingana:

1. Izinhlanzi kufanele zibe zintsha. Akunzima ukucacisa ngamehlo: akufanele kube ngamafu, izikali zezinhlanzi ezintsha ziyacwebezela.
2. Amamatheke. Izinhlanzi ezinamanzi ahlanzekile, noma zintsha ngokuphelele, zinganuka njengodaka. Kepha imvamisa leli phunga alinamandla, kuthi ngemuva kokulicumba liyanyamalala. Uma kunephunga langaphandle elikhona ngephunga, kungcono ukungasebenzisi izinhlanzi ezinjalo ekuphekeni.
3. Isidumbu se-rotan kufanele sibe ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokulimala; akumele kube khona isigaxa kuso.

Imithetho yokugcina
Noma iyiphi inhlanzi enamanzi ahlanzekile kufanele isikwe ngokushesha, okungukuthi, igezwe, isuswe amathambo, iphekelwe ukugcinwa. Vele, kungcono ukusebenzisa umkhiqizo onjalo onakalisayo ugcwele ukupheka. Kepha ngokubamba okukhulu, ungagcina inani elithile lemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi:

1. Dlulisa amasampula amancane nge-grinder yenyama, bese uthumela inyama egayiwe efrijini ukuze igcinwe. Ngale ndlela yokubeka, umkhiqizo ngeke ukhubazeke kuze kube izinyanga ezi-2.
2. Abantu abakhulu kumele bahlukaniswe izicucu nosawoti omncane. Lapho ibanda, izinhlanzi ngeke zimbi izinsuku ezi-2.
3. Ungase futhi ukha inhlanzi noma ufake em marinade. Kepha impilo yeshalofu yemikhiqizo enjalo nayo ikhawulelwe kumaviki ama-2.
4. Izinhlanzi ezomile zihlala isikhathi eside kunazo zonke.

Iphuzu elibalulekile! URotan yinhlanzi ebucayi kakhulu. Uma, ngemuva kokubamba, kuhlala kungalondoloziwe okungenani amahora ambalwa, lokhu kusongela ngokulahlekelwa ukunambitheka. Ngakho-ke, kungakuhle ukupheka i-firebrand ngokushesha ngemuva kokudoba.

Ungahlanza futhi usike i-rattan

Ukuhlwitha akuyona into ehlukile ekucutshungweni kwanoma iyiphi enye inhlanzi yomfula noma yolwandle. Kepha ucabangela indlela yezinhlanzi, isidumbu kumele sihlanzwe ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwamanzi, bese sifakwa emanzini abandayo amahora amaningi. Le nqubo elula ivimbela iphunga elibi lodaka. Kepha ngaphambi kwalokho, kufanele wenze okulandelayo:

1. Susa izikali ngommese obukhali.
2. Sika ngokucophelela isisu ukuze ususe okuphakathi. Uma ufuna ukususa amathambo, khona-ke lokhu futhi kudingeka kwenziwe ezingeni lokuqala lokulungiselela.
3. Susa ikhanda nezinhlayiya.
4. Izinhlobo ezinkulu zisikwe zaba yizicucu.
5. Hlambulula futhi womile.

Okungeziwe okubalulekile: ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okushisa, amathambo e-rotan athambile kangangokuba isitsha sezinhlanzi siphephe ngisho nokudla kwengane.

Ungapheka kanjani i-rotan emnandi: izindlela zokupheka

Ngamagama aphathekayo, utshani bubhekwa njengomkhiqizo wezinhlanzi zomhlaba wonke, yingakho inani lale nhlanzi lenyuka izikhathi ezi-2. Kulezinhlanzi ezincane ezinesizotha ongapheka ngazo:

• amasaladi akhanyayo
• amasobho nezinye izifundo zokuqala,
• ukudla okuzenzela okwenziwe ngamakhekhe
• ahlahle amaqanda
• i-casserole
• ama-cutlets
• imidngo yamaphayi,
• izitsha ezi-stewed nezithosiwe.

Imhlophe ene-pink tinge, inyama ye-firebrand inesakhiwo esintekenteke, cishe ayinawo amathambo amakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukususwa kwazo akubangeli izinkinga. Ama-Connoisseurs okupheka izinhlanzi aqinisekisa ukuthi i-rotan ethosiwe iphakeme ngokunambitheka ngisho naku-crucian carp, okubhekwa njengohlobo "olujwayelekile" lokunambitha kwezinhlanzi. Sichaza amanye ama-nuances wezindlela eziphambili zokupheka le nhlanzi.

Ehovini

Ukupheka izitsha zenhlanzi kuhhavini akuthathi isikhathi esiningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela yokupheka ethile ihlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zokudla kokudla. Ngakho-ke, ekudleni kwabantu abahlushwa yizifo zohlelo lokugaya ukudla, izitsha zenhlanzi ezinjalo zilungile. Isigaba sokulungiselela sincishiswa ukusikwa okujwayelekile kwezidumbu zezinhlanzi. Inqubo eyengeziwe iqukethe lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Ngemuva kokususa ikhanda ne-viscera ye-rotan, hlambulula bese uyihlikihla ngosawoti.
2. Imizuzu engu-15 ukuya kwe-20, shiya inhlanzi ukuze usawoti ugxiliswe enyameni.
3. Ngemuva kwaloko, geza usawoti osele, bese ugxila isidumbu ngamanono.
4. Preheat kuhhavini ukuya ku-200 ° C. Thela inani elincane lamafutha zemifino esitsheni sokubhaka.
5. Beka isitoko sezinhlanzi, uthele i-oyili ngaphezulu. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze inhlanzi ingoma futhi ingashisi.
6. Songa leli fomu ngenhla ngo-foil, bese ulithumela kuhhavini.
7. Ngemuva kwesigamu sehora, susa i-foil, bese ubhaka isidlo eminye imizuzu eyi-10 kuze kuphekwe.
8. Lapho inhlanzi imbozwe onsundu wegolide, cisha kuhhavini.

Ukudla okuphekwe yinhlanzi okuphekiwe kungafakwa ngamazambane abilisiwe noma ngemifino ethosiwe.

Snack Prince appetizer
Lesi esinye isidlo esimnandi esingapheka kuhhavini ngokushesha.

1. Uzodinga ukuthatha inyama eyosiwe kusuka ku-rotan nenhlama engenamvubelo eyenziwe mahhala, engathengwa kunoma yisiphi isitolo.
2. Hlonza inhlama.
3. Faka ucezu lwesinkwa esimhlophe esifakwe obisini ku-forcemeat, uthele u-anyanisi, usawoti kanye nopelepele.
4. Sika inhlama ibe yizikwele, bese kuthi phakathi nendawo ngakunye kube nesipuni se-dessert sokugcwaliswa. Imiphetho yezigcawu welulela kancane emaceleni.
5. Manje govuza ushizi ku-grater enhle bese ufafaza imvuthuluka yobukhazikhazi obusezingeni eliphakeme.
6. Bhaka ushizi nesimangaliso sezinhlanzi imizuzu engama-20-25 ekushiseni okungama-200 ° C.

I-appetizer imnandi kakhulu futhi ngokushesha inyamalala epuletini.

Epanini

Le yindlela elula futhi esheshayo yokupheka. Kuliqiniso, i-firebrand ethosiwe, noma inokunambitheka okumangazayo, ilungele ukudliwa kuphela ngabantu abaphilile ngokuphelele. Izinhlanzi ezincane zingatholwa zigcwele, futhi amasampula amakhulu kumele asikwe abe yizicucu. Ungathosa kunoma yiliphi i-oyili yemifino kuzinhlangothi zombili kuze kuqhume ukuvela okumnandi okuvela onsundu. Ukwenza le crunchy crunchy, imizuzu emi-5 ngaphambi kokuphela kokupheka, amboze epanini lezinhlanzi ngesivalo.

Kumpheki ohamba kancane

Ngokusebenzisa le ndlela yokusebenza yasendlini, kulula ukupheka izithombo ezivela kuma-rattans amancane. Ubumnandi obunjalo buzomangaza izivakashi futhi bujabulise abendlu, ngoba abupheki kangako ekunambithekeni kwenhlanzi edumile eyosiwe ekhiqizeni iBaltic. Usebenzisa umpheki ohamba kancane, inqubo yokupheka izothatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora.

Ukudla okusetshenziselwe izithombo zasekhaya:

• inhlanzi encane - 1 kg:
• anyanisi - amakhanda ama-2,
• uviniga - 2 wezipuni,
• uwoyela wemifino - 1.5 izinkomishi,
• iqabunga le-bay - izingcezu ezi-4,
• usawoti akukuningi
• pepper peppers - ama-4-6 ama-PC.,
• ukwenziwa kwetiye - 1 tsp

1. Hlanza inhlwathi, ususe amakhanda, namathumbu.
2. Hlambulula kahle ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo, usawoti.
3. Kushiya imizuzu engu-15 yokugcwala usawoti.
4. Ngalesi sikhathi, amakhasi u-anyanisi uthathe izindandatho.
5. Ngezansi kwesitsha kubeka i-anyanisi husk ngesendlalelo sokuqala, nenhlanzi ngaphezulu kwayo. Ungqimba olandelayo izindandatho ze-anyanisi, izinongo.
6. Okulandelayo, yenza itiye enkomishini. Ngenkathi itiye lisaqala, uthele uwoyela noviniga enhlanzini.
7. Ngemuva kwalokho phinda ubeke izicubu zika-anyanisi, bese ungqimba lwenhlanzi olulandelayo nezinongo. Kulokhu kulandelana, gcwalisa yonke into, ushiye isikhala samahhala.
8. Lapho zonke izithako ezisuka kuhlu lwezitolo zidla indawo yazo, faka itiye eliqandwe esitsheni, okuhambisana namazipho anyanisi kuzonikeza inhlanzi uhlaka olunjengolwesithathu.
9. Ngemuva kwetiye, uthele uwoyela osele engxenyeni ephezulu. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi uwoyela usimboza ngokuphelele phezulu kwendawo yokusebenza.
10. Manje vala isivalo se-multicooker bese uvula uhlelo lokuthi "Ukucima". Ngesikhathi esifanayo ku-timer khombisa isikhathi ihora eli-1 imizuzu engama-20.
11. Ngenkathi izinhlanzi ziwohloka ngaphakathi kwiyunithi, setha itafula.

Ama-spran ama-rotan we-Homanade amnandi futhi anamanzi. Isitsha esinjalo singanikezwa izingane futhi sidliwe ngabesifazane abakhulelwe.

Okungalungiswa kusuka ku-rotan: izindlela zokupheka

Ezinye izindlela zokupheka izitsha zokucima umlilo zethulwe ngenhla. Kepha lokhu kuyingxenye encane kuphela yamathemba aphambili enhlanzi encane ye-nondescript. Ngokusebenzisa okunengqondo kwalomkhiqizo obalulekile, ungapheka izitsha ezimnandi ezingamelana nomncintiswano nosalimishi nezibiliboco ze-sturgeon. Ukuqiniseka ngalokhu, kwanele ukulungiselela isaladi elikhanyayo kusuka kule nhlanzi encane.

Isaladi

Izinhlanzi ezithosiwe gutted ngqo nezikali emafutheni epanini. Bese uhlukanisa inyama, uyixove ngemfoloko, engeza u-anyanisi oluhlaza nobhontshisi. Sika isidlo nge imayonnaise futhi ungakwazi ukujabulela ukunambitheka kwesidlanzana sokuqala sezinhlanzi.

Iresiphi elandelayo yesaladi iyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, izodinga:

• amaqanda abilisiwe - ama-2 ama-PC.,
• ikhukhamba ethosiwe - 1 pc.,
• anyanisi - 1 pc.,
• i-rotan entsha - 0.5 kg.

1. Nge-firebrand, yenza njengoba nje kuresiphi edlule, okungukuthi, pheka imizuzu engu-15 epanini.
2. Bese uhlukanisa inyama, usike izingcezu ezincane.
3. Hlanganisa nezithako ezisele.
4. Bese uhlanganisa zonke izakhi, hlanganisa, inkathi ngososo. Ukuze ulungiselele isosi, thatha uwoyela wemifino (izipuni ezintathu), lwesinaphi (1 isipuni), ingcosana kasawoti, uviniga nopelepele.

Kungcono ukupheka isobho le-rotan ku-cauldron. Beka izinhlanzi ekuqaleni kokupheka ngqo emanzini abandayo. Izidumbu azidingi ukusikwa. Ngokubambisana nenhlanzi, thumela imifino ngokushesha: ama-turnips, iparsley izimpande, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, izaqathe, anyanisi wonke, i-laurel ne-pepper emnyama. Lapho amanzi ebilisa, engeza amazambane abikiwe. Pheka izindlebe ihora. Ngaphambi kokukhonza, ungahlobisa isidlo sokuqala esiphelile ngamakhambi amasha.

Isobho lezinhlanzi
Ilungiselelwe ngendlela efanayo, kepha ngomehluko wokuthi inhlanzi zidinga ukuthunyelwa emanzini abilayo ngamakhanda, kodwa ngaphandle kwama-gill. Faka amazambane ngezaqathe emanzini abandayo. Pheka isobho imizuzu engama-20. Isitsha sizophuma simnandi uma ungeza nge-spoonful of ukhilimu omuncu namakhambi.

Ama-cutlets

Ama-cutlets e-Fireball athandwa kakhulu ekuphekeni kwasekhaya. Kuyiqiniso, inani elanele lezinhlanzi liyadingeka ukwanelisa izidingo zomndeni zokudla okunempilo. Ngephawundi le-rotan, udinga ukwengeza ukuthatha:

• anyanisi osayizi abaphakathi - 2 ama-PC.,
• amazambane - ama-2 ama-PC.,
• amaqanda aluhlaza - ama-2 ama-PC.,
• imvuthuluka kafulawa noma yesinkwa - njengoba kudingeka,
• ibhotela - 2 tbsp.,
• isinqe - 100 g
• upelepele, usawoti, ugalikhi nezinye izinongo ezilungele izitsha zenhlanzi.

Lapho yonke iqoqo lokudla lisetafuleni, udinga ukwenza okulandelayo:

1. Yeqa izinhlanzi nge-grinder yenyama.
2. Faka ubhekeni, ibhotela, amazambane kanye no-anyanisi enyameni eyosiwe.
3. Ngemuva kwalokho shaya amaqanda, hlanganisa isisindo nefulawa noma i-breadcrumbs, bese uyithumela enyameni enamanzi.
4. Bopha isisindo size siba mnene.
5. Sika ama-cutlets bese uwafafaza epanini.

Noma yisiphi isidlo esisehlangothini silungele patties yezinhlanzi ze-rotan.

Inketho yesibili yokupheka ama-cutlets
Le iresiphi ilula kancane kunalena edlule.

1. Khetha izinhlanzi ezincane zenyama eyosiwe. Hlanza kahle, ususe imisila namakhanda.
2. Dlula i-grinder yenyama kabili izaqathe kanye anyanisi.
3. Faka ucezwana lwesinkwa esingu-100g, iqanda nebhotela elithambile kancane enhlanzini egayiwe.
4. Govuza isisindo, ifomu elisikiwe.
5. Ngaphambi kokuthosa, gingqa i-cutlet ngayinye kuma-breadcrumbs.

Ukudla okuhleliwe

Kunezindlela eziningi zokupheka zokwenza utshani obungahlelelwa ekhaya. Kepha, unikezwe ubungozi bokuthi ubuthi yimikhiqizo enjalo, nansi indlela ephephe kunazo zonke. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kungenye yokuhlukahluka ngokulungiswa kwama-sprats. Kepha uma ulandela ngokuqinile ukulandelana kwezinyathelo ezingezansi, uthola i-appetizer ngokunambitheka okubucayi, okulungele ngokuphelele idili lomkhosi.

Uhlu lwezithako eziphambili nge-1 kg ye-rotan:

• ujusi we-utamatisi - 1-1.5 l,
• usawoti ukunambitha
• i-laurel - amaqabunga ambalwa,
• uwoyela wemifino - 0,3 l,
• izinongo zezinhlanzi.

1. Thatha imbiza enkulu, futhi ngokukhethekile i-cauldron. Thela uwoyela ezitsheni.
2. Beka izinhlanzi ezisikiwe izingcezu eziwugqinsi esitsheni ukuze isikhala esingu-4-5 cm sisale ngaphezulu.
3. Faka izinhlanzi ndawonye nezinongo nosawoti.
4. Lapho lesi sigaba sesiqediwe, gcwalisa ngokuphelele isizinda senhlanzi ngejusi utamatisi. Ngenxa yalokho, isikhala samahhala kusuka emaphethelweni aphezulu wezitsha kufanele sehliswe ku-2,5 cm.
5. Uma kungenalo ujusi wamatamatisi owanele, ungangezela ivolumu ye-liquid ngamanzi.
6. Ngemuva kwalezi zenzo, i-cauldron ivalwe ngokuqinile ngesivalo bese ibekwa esitofu.
7. Ngalesi sikhathi, vula i-ovini kumodi ephakathi.
8. Lapho okuqukethwe ku-cauldron thumba, kushiye esitofeni eminye imizuzu engu-8, bese udlulisela kuhhavini.
9. Kuhhavini ubilise izinhlanzi okungenani amahora angama-5-6, bese kuthi amanye amahora ama-2 ukufinyelela ngomlilo ucishiwe.
10. Njengoba inqubo ende kangaka yokwelashwa okushisa izobangela ukuhwamuka koketshezi, ngezikhathi ezithile kudingeka ungeze amanzi.
11. Dlulisa izitshizi ezenziwe ngomumo kutamatisi esitsheni esingenantambo nesiqandisini. Kungcono ukuthengisa umthamo kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-7-10.

Isicishamlilo esomile eselangeni

Kuyavela ukunambitha okumnandi kakhulu kwe-stewed ku-ukhilimu omuncu. I-omelet enezinhlanzi ithandwa kakhulu. Kepha ama-classical ohlobo lawo ayizinhlanzi ezinosawoti nezomisiwe.

1. Ngaphambi kokuthumela inhlanzi ukuba yome, imaqondise. Ukuze wenze lokhu, beka izidumbu zezinhlanzi esitsheni esijulile.
2. Fafaza ungqimba ngamunye we-rotan ngaphezulu nosawoti omningi.
3. Beka ukucindezelwa ngaphezulu kwezinhlanzi ezinosawoti. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, umkhiqizo wenhlanzi omisiwe uyobe usulungile.

Uma womisa inhlanzi elangeni, uthola ukwelashwa okunosawoti omuhle kakhulu.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo

1. URotan uthakazelisa hhayi kuphela njengommeleli oyingqayizivele we-ichthyofauna. Okuningi okungajwayelekile emikhubeni nasekuziphatheni kwakhe. Isibonelo, ngemuva kokudla, izinhlanzi ziphumula ezansi ukuze ukudla kugaywe endaweni evuselelekayo. Le nqubo ingahlala izinsuku ezingama-2-3.
2. Njengomhlaseli weqiniso, isivalo somlilo siyazingela, silinde inyamazane yaso siqamekele. Lapho into yokukhiqiza isabonakala, irotan ingena ngokushesha kuyo. Njengoba isisho sihamba, umphumela wokumangala ubangelwa ngokuphelele.
3. URotan ubhekwa njengesidalwa esinamandla, esiyingozi kubo bonke abakhileyo kwichibi. Kunobufakazi bokuthi amathuluzi akhethekile ayakhiwa ukuqeda lo mbangi. Kepha njengoba umkhuba ukhombisa, ngemuva kokunyamalala ngokuphelele kwe-rotan, iziqiwu ziyakhula futhi ekugcineni ziphenduke isibhuku.
4. Lapho owesilisa evikela inzalo yakhe yesikhathi esizayo, ushaya izivakashi ezingalindelekile ngekhanda lakhe elikhulu.
5. I-Rotan inesakhiwo esikhethekile samehlo, sibonga ngayo ngombono obanzi futhi ibona inyamazane yaso ikude.
6. Yize sincane kakhulu isibalo somzimba, i-firebrand iququda lapho ihlaselwe umuntu oshonile, okubuye kuqinisekise isimo senhlanzi.

Ukufingqa, singangeza kuphela ukuthi ngokwemvelo yonke into ikhethwe ngendlela efanelekile kangangokuba umphangi owamukelwa endaweni yonke wamanzi ahlanzekile emkhakheni we-Culinary uthathwa njengomkhiqizo obalulekile wokudla. Le yinhlanzi engabizi, kodwa emnandi kakhulu engaletha amanothi akhanyayo ekudleni kwakho kwansuku zonke. Kepha inzuzo eyinhloko yenhlanzi encane ukuthi ilusizo empilweni yabantu. Noma yimuphi umfazi wendlu, esebenzisa izindlela ezimbalwa ezilula, angahlala epheka isidlo esinempilo.

«Kubalulekile: Yonke imininingwane ekulesi siza ihlinzekelwe imininingwane yolwazi kuphela. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma iziphi izincomo, thintana nochwepheshe. Abahleli noma ababhali abanacala kunoma yikuphi ukulimala okungenzeka okubangelwe yizinto zokwakha. ”