Isilwane esinelukuluku noma elinolaka ngokweqile esizama ukubamba i-shaggy hamster sizohlangana nesifo esibucayi - kanti ukuzama kungahle kuphele ekuguleni okungathi sína nokufa. "Ikhunyiwe", lesi silwane esinesisindo esisuka ku-0,5 kuye ku-1 kg siziphatha ngesibindi esihle. Okokuqala, ubopha ingubo yakhe ende, afane nse nokuqina, obonisa imivimbo ebonakalayo emnyama nomhlophe. Uma umhlaseli esevele eyazi le mikhakha, cishe uyoshiya ukuhlukunyezwa kwakhe okuyingozi. Uma kungenjalo, ukuhlushwa kumlindile, futhi nokufa kubulawe ubuthi obunamandla.

Ukuthi i-rodent kungenzeka ibe nobuthi kusuka kuphi namanje akwaziwa. Muva nje nje, izazi zezinto eziphilayo zaseBrithani, eziholwa nguFritz Vollrath (Fritz Vollrath) zithole lolu daba, futhi lokho ezikutholile bekungalindelekile neze. Ama-hamsters awakhiqizi nganoma yisiphi “i-gland” ekhethekile, ayayiqoqa - ngendlela yabazingeli base-Afrika abasebenzisa imicibisholo enamafulethi nemicibisholo yokuzingela isilwane esikhulu.

Okokuqala, ososayensi bakwazi, bebheka indlela yokuziphatha kwama-hamggy hamsters agcinwe ekudingisweni, ukuqaphela ukuthi amagundane aluma ngokuqinile izingcezu zamagxolo avela e-Abyssinian acocanter, isihlahla esimila saso esinobuthi saziwa kakhulu ezizweni zase-Afrika. Amagxolo aqhekekile, ahlanganiswe namathe we-hamster ngobuqili, enza ingxube obukhulu isilwane esisebenza ngayo ngokucophelela ngaphansi kwangaphansi kwesikhumba. Le ngxube iqukethe inani elihehayo le-ouabain, isishukumisi esinamandla semisipha yenhliziyo, i-overdose yayo eholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo. Ngosizo lwe-ouabain, ehlukaniswe esihlahleni esifanayo naleso sama-hamsters, ama-Aborigine aseMpumalanga Afrika ake azingela umdlalo omkhulu kunawo wonke, kubandakanya nezindlovu.

I-hamster yethu ayilula kangako: uma isitha simluma, iyokhipha izinwele ezinamlomo, futhi nazo - kanye nobuthi obuningi, obuya ngesibalo noma ngesimo unomphela, noma buthize. Kuze kube manje, besazi isibonelo esisodwa esifanayo - ama-hedgehogs, izinaliti zawo ezingathwala nezimanga eziningi ezingemnandi kumhlaseli. Kodwa-ke, ubuthi obusetshenziswa ama-shaggy hamsters bawusebenzisa ngendlela enobuhlakani usongo olusongela impilo yomhlaseli, okwenza lo mbala ube icala elihlukile ngempela.

Ngokusobala, ama-hamggy hamsters athole ngempumelelo le ndlela yokuvikela kudala. Imininingwane eminingi yesakhiwo sabo iguqulwe ngendlela efanele ngokusetshenziselwa i-ouabain. Isibonelo, ukwakheka kwengubo yabo emnyama nomhlophe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu kuvela ukuthi kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kunesendlalelo sangaphandle esifakwe izimbobo esibi kunoshizi. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinwele ngayinye idonsa kahle izinto ezibonakalayo, kufaka phakathi ingxube enobuthi i-hamster "eyilungiselela".

Kwakhiwe imininingwane eminingana ukuvumela i-hamster ukuthi isinde ngokuluma - ngoba ngenkathi umhlaseli eshaya ijazi futhi ethola ukushaya kuqala kobuthi, i-rodent ngokwayo iyaphoqelelwa ngandlela thile ukubhekana nemiphumela yemihlathi yayo. Kulokhu, i-shaggy hamster ine, ikakhulukazi, isikhumba esikhulu kakhulu uma siqhathaniswa nezihlobo. Futhi-ke, lesi silwane uqobo siba namandla okumelana nobuthi be-acocanter, futhi sivikelekile esenzakalweni se-ouabain.

Ngendlela, sethula ukunaka kwakho ubuthi bezilwane obunamandla kunabo bonke, "isilinganiso Sethuli".

Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-shaggy hamster

Ubude bomzimba we-hamggy hamster besifazane bungama-36 cm, amakhulu kakhulu kunosayizi abesilisa abango-26-30 cm. Isisindo samagundwane sisukela ku-590 kuya ku-920 amagremu.

Izingalo zimfushane uma ziqhathaniswa nomzimba. Ubude bomsila busuka ku-140 kuya ku-175 mm. Ama-hamsters ama-Shaggy anesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele skull. Amandla ayo andiswa ngamathambo angeziwe kwezinye izindawo. Isakhiwo esinjalo siyisivikelo esidingekayo ekuhlaselweni.

UShaggy hamster (Lophiomys imhausi).

Ama-hamsters ama-hamsters ambozwe ngoboya obukhanyayo obumnyama, obumnyama noma onsundu ngombala, lapho kunephethini ebonakalayo yemivimbo emhlophe namabala. I-hairline yinde, iminyene, ithambile. Emhlane kukhona umnyama omnyama wezinwele ezinhle. Ezinhlangothini kukhona imicu ekhanyayo. Lapho i-hamggy hamster icasukile noma isaba, izinwele emhlane wakhe ziyaphakama, ziveze isikhumba esinezindlala ezinhlangothini zomzimba. Kulesi sikhundla, i-shaggy hamster ifana ne-porcupine.

Uhlelo lwe-glandular lukhipha amakhemikhali abukhali afana namakhemikhali akhipha i-skunks.

Ukuziphatha okunjalo okuvikelayo kuma-shaggy hamsters kuyazibonakalisa lapho kuhlaselwa izitha. Izimbambo zangaphambili zamagundwane zenzelwe ukuqoqa ukudla, kanti ingemuva lokugibela iziqu zezihlahla.

Umsila wezinwele ucishe ube yingxenye yobude bomzimba futhi ufinyelela ubude obungu-14-21.4 cm. Ama-auricles amancane azungeze imiphetho amhlophe. Amehlo mancane.

Amandla aneminwe emi-4 athuthukisiwe. Zimbozwe ngoboya obumnyama. Embonisaneni, umunwe o-1 uphikisana ngokwengxenye nabanye, lesi sici sithuthukisa umsebenzi wokubamba.

I-shaggy hamster ehlala kuma-biotopes ahlukahlukene kakhulu: amahlathi, ama-savannah omile futhi amanzi, ugwadule oluyindawo.

Lezi izinduku ezimangalisayo

Enye yeziningi kakhulu
. imindeni ehlangene - Igundane (Muridae), zisatshalaliswa emhlabeni jikelele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izilwane ezinobukhulu obukhulu obunama-muzzle abukhali, umzimba omude kusuka kuma-5 kuye kwangama-50 cm futhi umsila ongahlukanisiwe okufinyelela ku-45 cm.

Okuvame kakhulu
Amagundane (Mus), zivela empumalanga ye-hemisphere, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zihlala emahlathini ezindawo ezishisayo nasezindaweni eziphansi. Ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zasuka emhlabeni wonke zasakazwa emhlabeni wonke; amagundane alethwa eNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika naseziqhingini eziningi. Igundane lendlu (UM. Museulus)Ikhiqiza kabusha ngenkathi efudumele, nasezindlini zabantu - unyaka nonyaka. Amagundane avuthwa ngokocansi ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5 ukuya kwezingu-22.Mus musculus, kwezinye izindawo kuyabhebhetheka kangangokuba abantu abangaba ngu-200,000, noma amagundane amabili ngesikwele ngasinye, bangahlala ehektheleni elilodwa. imitha.

Phila emazingeni okushisa aphakeme nalawo aphansi

Amagundane abayeki ukumangaza abantu bemvelo ngezakhiwo namakhono abo angajwayelekile. Ziphila kahle futhi zizalela zombili esiqandisini ekushiseni kwamadigri angama-18-20, nangemuva kokuqedwa kwama-boilers we-steam, lapho ukushisa kugcinwa khona njalo ngama-degree angama-40. Isigaxa singaphila ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi eside kunekamela.

Amagundane asenkangala Musa ukujuluka futhi ungahlushwa ukufupheka komoya. Bathola amanzi anjengalawa: baqoqa imbewu, bayingcwabe esihlabathini ukuze yome, bese besebenzisa lezi zinhlamvu njengesiponji ukuqoqa umswakama ovela emkhathini.

Izinja zembobo baxhumane ngolimi oluyinkimbinkimbi oluhlanganisa amabizo nezenzo-zolimi - okushiwo okuhlukile endaweni lapho kuvela khona izinja.

Ama-squirrel Moms zivikele ngenhlonipho izingane zazo kangangokuba zize zixoshe obaba bezingwevu esidlekeni sentwasahlobo kanye nehlobo - kodwa-ke, ebusika, omama bavumela obaba ukuba balale esidlekeni nomndeni wonke.

Inani lokunyakaza kokuphefumula

. ezilwaneni ezincelisayo, kuya ngosayizi wesilwane, onquma amanani ahlukahlukene we-metabolic. Kuyi (ngomzuzu 1): Ihhashi - 8-16, ebeleni elimnyama - 15-25, e-fox - 25- 40, ku-rat - 100-150 (ngokusho kweminye imithombo 70-115 times / min), kwigundane - cishe u-200. Ukuqothuka kwamaphaphu akugcini ngokuhlinzekela ukushintshanisa ngegesi, kodwa futhi kunenani le-thermoregulatory. Ngezinga lokushisa elandayo, inani lokuphefumula liyanda, futhi ngalo inani lokushisa elisuswe emzimbeni liyakhuphuka.

Inhliziyo yenhliziyo
eshaya i-320-780, kumugqa wabantu abadala 250-600 / min, ngenkathi isebantwini, ishayela lingama-60-80 ukushaya ngomzuzu. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kukalo olusanda kuzalwa kungama-81- 241 / min.

Ukuzwa
Kwatholakala ukuthi amagundane nezingulube zegiya zizwa imisindo efinyelela ku-40 kHz. Ukuqhathanisa: umkhawulo ophezulu wokuzwa komuntu ngu-20 kHz.

Kukangaki lapho benza khona i-molt

Ezilwaneni ezincelisayo, kuyavela ushintsho ngezikhathi ezithile kulolo hambo lwezinwele. Kwezinye izinhlobo, kwenzeka kabili ngonyaka - ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, kanjalo squirrelsfuthi lapha squirrels, imigodi molt kanye ngonyaka, entwasahlobo nasehlobo.

At squirrels nge-cm2 ku-rump ehlobo kukhona isilinganiso sezinwele ezingama-4200, kanti ebusika - 8100.

Kuvulwa ku-tv
Igundane lezinhlanzi le-Andean (I-Andes Fishing Mouse) yatholakala ngendlela ehlekisayo. Iqembu lososayensi elivela eBritish Mammal Society libuke ifilimu yethelevishini lisuka empilweni yezilwane zasendle zase-Andes, liqaphele igundane luhlaka futhi, lingaboni ukuthi libukeka kanjani, lamemezela ukutholakala kohlobo olusha.

Izilwane ezibiza kakhulu
Ama-rodents iningi lezilokazane zezolimo futhi acekela phansi amasheya omhlaba amathani okudla abiza amakhilogremu ayisigidi.

Ukubusa ngokweqile kulawulwa

Ezinye izinhlobo zamagundane (squemrel lemmings) eminyakeni ethile ngenxa yokwanda ngenxa yokuzala, ukuntuleka kokuphakelayo, njll. izixuku zixoshwa ngaphandle kwebanga futhi ziyafa.

Isidingo sokulala
... izinduku ezahlukahlukene ziyehluka. Ngakho-ke ngokwesibonelo igundane lengane ulala ngaphansi kwehora elilodwa ngosuku, ingulube ye-Guinea - amahora angu-7 ebusuku, amagundwane negundane - amahora angu-13 ntambama, squirrel kanye hamster - amahora ayi-14 ntambama.

Okhokho bamagundane anamuhla ayengusayizi we-buffalo futhi enomsila omkhulu

Ukuphila eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-8 eyedlule, i-pentoni iPentberys pattersoni yayingamakhambi futhi ibukeka njengengulube ye-Guinea, kodwa enkulu kuphela enomsila omude, owayisiza ukulinganisela emilenzeni yayo yangemuva. Amazinyo akhe akhula ngokuqhubekayo. Izidumbu zesilwane zatholakala emuva ngonyaka ka-2000 kwelinye lamaxhaphozi aseVenezuela. I-rodent enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ngokusho kwakhe, isisindo esingama-700 kg, futhi yafika kubude obungu-2,5 m (ngaphandle komsila). Ngenxa yesisindo esikhulu kangako, i-rodent kwakumelwe ime iqonde, hhayi "igobile", njengoba izimbambo zesimanje, amagundane nezingulube zegiya zihamba. Kude kude, ama-megacrys afana ne-buffalo.

I-prehistoric rat yayifanele idle utshani obuningi ukuze ihlale kahle, yayimbozwe ngoboya obufushane, ikhanda le-rodent lalibushelelezi, futhi nomsila wayo omkhulu wamsiza ukuba ame emilenzeni yakhe yangasemuva ukuqapha indlela ezwa ngayo. Kwakunomuntu owayezozingela ethangeni, ngenkathi izingwenya ezinkulu zihlala ezindaweni ezifanayo, ubude bazo bufika ku-10 m.

"Isihlobo" esisondele kakhulu sesimanje se-Phoberomys pattersoni yiPakarana - i-rodent ehamba kancane ehlala ehlathini lase-Amazon, okuthi, uma ingadliwanga izilwane ezidla ezinye ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ifinyelele isisindo esingama-15 kg.

Amagundane amakhulu

Okukhulu kunazo zonke ngamagundane anamuhla capybara, noma capybara (Hydrocheoerus), abahlala emifuleni nasemachibini aseCentral naseNingizimu Melika. Ifinyelela kubude be-1 m 30 cm nesisindo sama-60 kg.

Amagundane asayizi wekati
Umbutho wamasosha wakwa-Israyeli, osedolobheni laseHebroni, eningizimu yeWest Bank, manje kufanele abhekane nesinye isitha - amagundane. Lezi zidondolo zifinyelela kusayizi wekati, ngakho-ke zibizwa ngokuthi "amagundane wekati"Sekuvele ukuthi zilume amasosha ama-3 akwa-Israyeli, kubika iphephandaba iMaariv. Ziyesabisa, kanti amakati awalokothi azizingele.

ENingizimu yeKyrgyzstan, kwabikwa ukwanda okubukhali kwenani labantu abangajwayelekile amagundane. Lezi zilwane zingagibela izihlahla futhi cishe azithinteki ezintshisweni ezikhethekile. Lokhu kuzalaniswa kwegundane kwafuzwa kwesinye sezifunda zase-Uzbekistan, lapho umfuyi wendawo wendawo ewela khona amagundwane ajwayelekile nge-muskrat ukuthola uhlobo lwesilwane esisha.

Ama-Gophers axhumana nezinyoka ngemisebe ye-infrared.

Ama-rnigsnakes ayisitha esihlala njalo sama-gophers, njalo athumba izingane. Izinyoka zifuna inyamazane ngokushisa, okubonakala yizitho ezikhethekile ezisethafeni. AmaGophers asebenzisa lobu bunzima ukuhambisa umyalezo kuzinyoka ngolimi ezingawuqonda. Bebhekene ne-rattlesnake ethukuthele, ama-gophers aseCalifornia aphakamisa imisila yawo ukuxwayisa inyoka ngokulwa. Lesi okokuqala ngqa ukuthi izilwane zithumele ngentshiseko isiginali zisebenzisa imisebe ye-infrared noma ukushisa. Ama-rodents aphonsa isihlabathi bese egoqa umsila wawo ukusabisa inyamazane. Isiginali yokushisa kufanele iphazamise ukunaka kwezinyoka ezilwaneni ezisengozini, ososayensi bayakholelwa, noma bamane nje bakhombisa ukuthi kukhona abantu abadala.

Ngenkathi ama-gophers esesabisa ngokufaka umsila emuva naphambili, isicubu somsila wazo sasiba ukufudumala kakhulu. Lokhu bakwenza ngokuphoqa izinwele ukuba zikhuphukele esicutshini, ngenxa yokuthi iningi lesikhumba lesikhumba laqala ukubonakala, kungenzeka nokuthi imithambo yegazi yabo yomsila yayikhula. Into ethokozisa kakhulu ukuthi imisila ye-gopher ayishisanga lapho kukhona olunye uhlobo lwenyoka, olungenazo izitho ezikhethekile zokuzwa imisebe eshisayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-gophers angahlukanisa phakathi kwezilwane ezahlukumezanayo ahlukahlukene futhi asabele ngokufanele.

Amagundane acwebisayo

I-Beaver (i-Castor fiber) Lesi yisilo esikhulu ngokufanele, esifinyelela kuma-30 kg wesisindo. Uthathwa kufanele njengomunye wabamele abakhulu kakhulu be-rodent disachment. Manje eRussia inani laso lisondela kubantu abayizinkulungwane eziyi-100,000.

Ikamu le-Beaver
Imilenze emfishane, eqinile ngemuva efakwe ulwelwesi lokubhukuda. Amacala wesilwane nawo ayingqayizivele kakhulu - makhulu kakhulu, aphothiwe futhi agobile. Uzipho lubunjiwe ezinzwaneni zesibili zewashi lomhlane. Lokhu "ukuhlanganisa" oku-beaver lapho i-rodent ihlela khona izinwele zayo ezisindayo, ibushelelezi ngokucophelela futhi ihlanganiswe.

Igundane elincane kunazo zonke

Enye yezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane kunazo zonke - igundane lengane (Mus minutus), incane kakhulu kunegundane lasekhaya, kuvamile eYurophu naseSiberia, emasimini, emahlathini nasezivandeni. Kungabhekwa njengenduku encane kunazo zonke.

Amagundane anezimpumulo ezimbili
Ama-pheromones asiza amagundane ukuthola umlingani wezocansi. Amagundane, lapho efuna ukushada, asebenzisa isitho esibaluleke kakhulu kodwa esingalindelekanga - ekhaleni lesibili elinquma ubulili, isimo somlingani, nokuphindeka kwemizwa yothando. Ikhala lesibili (isitho se-veromonasal) liyisakhiwo esincane kakhulu seshubhu esifana nolimi, esisisekelo sekhala elijwayelekile. Ama-Neurons ekhale lesibili ngama-pheromones anquma ubulili kanye nezakhi zofuzo zenye igundane.

I-squirrel ejwayelekile (iSururus vulgaris) ngumkhosi wezinhlobo ezingama-50 zama-endoparasites, zazo ezine zinhlobo ze-coccidia, izinhlobo ezi-2 zamakhaza, izinhlobo eziyi-15 zama-tapeworms, izinhlobo ezingama-26 zama-nematode nezinhlobo ezi-3 zekhokhonathi.

Iphunga likashokolethi liyakhangaamagundane okungaphezulu koshizi noma i-vanillin. Ngakho-ke, kwanqunywa ukuthi kwakhiwe ipulasitiki ekhethekile enuka njengoshokoledi.

Izici zokubuka

Amagundane atholakale engenakho ngokuphelele imibala, okubizwa ngokuthi ukungaboni kombala, i-rat ibona izithunzi ezimpunga, ayizwakali ekukhanyiseni obomvu, ukunyakaza kwezaziso kubude obuyi-9 m.

Kepha i-squirrel inamehlo amnyama namhlophe, kepha ayikwazi ukubheka phambili nje, njengabantu, kepha futhi nasezinhlangothini.

Amakhono angajwayelekile

Akesabi ukuwa
Lapho uwa esakhiweni esinezitezi ezi-5 rat ayitholi monakalo.

Amagundane ukwazi ukuphefumula ngaphansi kwamanzi imizuzu emibili.

Ungangeni emanzini
Ubuningi bezinaliti eziningi i-porcupine (Hystrix) ligcwele umoya, ngakho-ke isilwane lesi asiteki lapho singena emanzini.

Amazinyo ama-rodent akhula kuyo yonke impilo
At amagundane ama-incisors aphezulu akhula ngesilinganiso esingu-5 3/4 inches / ngonyaka, kanti ama-incisors aphansi akhula ngo-4 1/2 inches / ngonyaka.

Amazinyo we-Porcupine

. kusulwe ngokushesha futhi, uma kungengenxa yokukhula kwabo okungajwayelekile, lesi silwane ngonyaka wesibili noma wesithathu wokuphila singafa yindlala. Amabili amabhulukwe we-porcupine incisors angamadivayisi athuthukile kakhulu wokuxubha izingxenye ezinzima zesitshalo. Njengakwezinye izinduku, koqweqwe lwawo olungaphambili lwesisusa kunzima kakhulu ukwedlula izinyo lonke. Ngakho-ke, lapho usebenza izinyo elinjalo uhlala ebukhali.

Izinaliti zibhoboza isikhumba sebhuthini obukhulu
Izinhlobo ezinkulu zama-porcupines zinesisindo esingama-15 kg. Lapho lesi silo sicasulwe, sinyakaziswa ngezinaliti ezinde zomsila, sikhiqiza ukuqhekeka okwesabekayo. Ukuzivikela, angabhoboza nezinaliti zakhe ngisho nebhuthini lensipho.

Amatafula kaMuskrat ongemuva
At muskrat ngaphezu kwendlu yokuhlala ehlonyelwe, kukhona namatafula wokudla.Amapulatifomu amancane ezitshalo zemvelo zasogwini ama-muskrats adla kuzo.

Impilo yenhlalo yamagundane

Amagundane, njengamabhubesi, nawo "aneziqhenya," kepha izibopho ezikuwo zabiwe njengezinyosi. Kukhona ngisho nonogada nama-kamikazes abheka ukuthi ngabe ingozi "yehlelelwe" ngabantu yangempela. Isibonelo, i-tidbit yokudla, "ngokuzumayo" endaweni esecaleni. Uma ukutholwa kusolisa ngumholi, khona-ke kuthunyelwa umugqa we-taster ukuyobheka, njengokungathi kunjalo. Futhi babheka ukuthi kuzokwenzekani kuye ngemuva kokudla. Uma i-taster igula, abantu abakanye naye abayishiyi imishini yabo, kodwa bayidonsele emanzini bayenze (yebo ngenkani!) Phuza futhi uphuze kuze kube yilapho umzimba ugezwa ngaso leso sikhathi. Isigaxa se-tasters esinobuthi sivusa phambi kwezihlobo, futhi sidonsela isiguli emanzini singene emgodini lapho ungalala khona.

I-kamikaze rat ibalekele engozini kuqala ibheke ukuthi ikhona yini indlela ecacile yokuphanga noma yokubuyela emuva.

Ukwesaba izinto ezingasho lutho kunciphisa impilo

At amagundane nge-phobia yokuthola okusha ngemuva kokuhlangenwe nakho okusha, izinga lama-hormone okucindezela liphezulu kunalabo ababenesibindi, futhi bafa besebancane. Ososayensi bakhethe i-pair yabazalwane: ngemuva kokuhlangenwe nakho okusha, izinga le-corticosterone egxilile egazini ezilwaneni ezisesabekayo laliphakeme ngama-20% kunalezo izihlobo zabo ezazingesabi. INehobhobhi yaphila ngezinsuku ezingama-599, kanti izilwane ezinesibindi zazihlala izinsuku ezingama-102 ngaphezulu.

Ukuzala amagundane namagundane
UPaul McManus (e-Australia) ungumfuyi omkhulu wama-rodent. Konke kuqale unyaka edlule, lapho eqala ukuthenga izinduku zesitolo sakhe njengokudla okubukhoma. Manje unezilwane ezingama-5 000 epulazini, futhi isonto ngalinye izilwane ezifuywayo ziletha inzalo yamawundlu angama-500- 000, ahlela ukuletha kuwo angama-4,000 - ngeviki. Amagundane akhe abiza kusuka kumasenti angama-60 kuye ku- $ 4 kuye ngosayizi.

Khiqiza kabusha

Amagundane afinyelela esikhathini sokuthomba ngezinsuku ezingama-50-60, futhi anezinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-10. izintokazi ziletha ngenzalo inzalo. Lokhu kwenzeka izikhathi ezi-1-2 (ngaphansi kwezingu-3) ngonyaka. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-21-23. Ukulethwa kuthatha ihora eli-1/5. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, amagundane angakhiqiza kuze kufike kumawundlu angama-15,000 ngonyaka. Kwinzalo 8-10 (ubuncane 22, ubuncane 1).

Inani lamagundane eYekaterinburg, inhloko-dolobha ye-Urals iphindwe izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili kunesilinganiso sezwe.

Ukwesaba iphunga lomchamo wekati
Ukususa amagundane namagundane, kwesinye isikhathi iphunga elilodwa lomchamo wekati lwanele - kumagundane inani lokushintshwa kwezingane. Izinga lokuya ocansini phakathi kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa libuye lishintshe, abesilisa abaningi bavela (into evamile ngabesilisa abangama-52%, abesifazane abangama-48%). Isizathu ukuthi kuguquko lwama-hormone emzimbeni kamama, izinga le-progesterone elibhekele ukunakekelwa kokukhulelwa lincishiswa kathathu.

Lapho izinduku zihlala emakhejini aminyene
Lapho abesifazane abakhulelwe benikezwa umchamo wezihlobo ezihlala kumaseli aminyene ukuhogela emzimbeni womama, izinga le-progesterone elibhekele ukunakekela ukukhulelwa liyancipha kathathu. Lapho amagundane ehlala emgedeni ophithizelayo, ukuwohloka kwamaprotheni kwenzeka emisipha. Izilwane zilahlekelwa ukufika ku-20% wesisindo somzimba wazo, kungathi "ziyazidla." Ezimweni zobukhulu obukhulu emvelweni, izilwane ziqala ukuphelelwa ukudla, okuthinta ngokushesha ukwakheka komchamo wazo, okubonisa ukuthi kungcono ukulinda ukuzala kabusha.

Zala ama-chinchillas
. ngokungafani nezinye izihlobo zakhe ezihlafunayo, kuyaqabukela futhi kancane kancane. Lokhu futhi kuchaza izindleko eziphakeme zemidlwane. Kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, insikazi ingaletha eyodwa kuya kwemithathu, imvamisa emine kuya kwezinhlanu, izinsana.

Isisindo esijwayelekile sepheni elisanda kuzalwa 6 g. Amehlo akhe avuleka ngosuku lwe-14 kuya ku-17, izimbumbulu zisikiwe ngosuku lwe-8, uqala ukudla ukudla okuqinile ngosuku lwe-12, ukukhula kwezinwele kuqala eneminyaka eyi-10, ashiye umama wakhe ngosuku 21 enesisindo esingu-45 g.

Ukwakheka kobisi lwamagundane:
Amaphesenti ayi-13%, amaprotheni angama-9.7%, ama-lactose ayi-3,2%.

Ama-Porcupines asevele ezelwe ngamazinyo nezinaliti.,
. Nokho, ngemuva kokubeletha kusathambile futhi akumlimazi umama wazo. Kodwa-ke, kungakapheli isigamu sehora ngemuva kokuzalwa, izinaliti zithola ubunzima, ne-porcupine - amathuba angeziwe okusinda kulomhlaba onzima kuye.

Ukuzala amagundane namagundane
UPaul McManus (e-Australia) ungumfuyi omkhulu wama-rodent. Konke kuqale unyaka edlule, lapho eqala ukuthenga izinduku zesitolo sakhe njengokudla okubukhoma. Manje unezilwane ezingama-5 000 epulazini, futhi isonto ngalinye izilwane ezifuywayo ziletha inzalo yamawundlu angama-500- 000, ahlela ukuletha kuwo angama-4,000 - ngeviki. Amagundane akhe abiza kusuka kumasenti angama-60 kuye ku- $ 4 kuye ngosayizi.

I-Hibernation
Amagundane amancane e-hibernate yasendle lapho izinga lokushisa lehlika ngaphansi kwezinga elithile, bese kuba nzima ukuthola ukudla. Zonke izinqubo ezibalulekile zesilwane zehla ziye cishe ku-zero, futhi ziba ngokuphelele ezingenayo. Kumakilabhu womhlaba waseMelika, isibonelo, ishayela lihla lisuka kumakhulu amathathu eshayi ngomzuzu liye kwabahlanu.

Yenza izidleke
Ama-squirrels zivame ukuhlala emigodini engenalutho yama-Woodpeckers, kepha zingakha nesidleke sazo - iGayno. Lesi isidleke esiyindilinga samagatsha afakwe ngaphakathi kwe-moss ne-lichen ngaphakathi. Kunemizila eminingi yokuphuma esidlekeni, ukuze umfelokazi angakwazi ukubamba inkosikazi yesidleke ngokumangala. Isidleke se-squirrel - Gayno - isiphephelo esinokwethenjelwa kumakhaza. Ngakho-ke, emazingeni okushisa asuka ku-4 kuya ku-10 ° C, izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi esidlekeni lisuka ku-+10 liye ku- + 20 ° C

Okwezimbaza zimba izimbobo
Ihlukaniswe eKurschina umugqa kwakuyisinyathelo seziphathimandla zasekhaya zokuvikela nokulawula ukusetshenziswa kwezilwane zasendle. Ochwepheshe bakwaKursk bathenga abantu abayikhulu abanama-rodent esifundeni esingumakhelwane iVoronezh. Burrows yenzelwe ngokukhethekile "abafokazi abasha".

Ama-Porcupines awashiyi ngaso sonke isikhathi izimbobo zabazali
. ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nezizukulwane eziningana zama-porcupines zingahlangana emgodini owodwa wokudlela, ngaleyo ndlela zenze ikoloni elinobuhle. Ama-Porcupines. izilwane eziwumhlaba ezihamba kancane zomhlaba, eziholela ekuhambeni kobusuku. Bahlala ogwadule, amasoseji, amahlathi.

Kukhona umusi ngenhla kwendlu

Izindlu beavers ingaba nobude obungamamitha ayi-3-5. Kumakhaza aqine, umusi ungaphezulu kwawo - uphawu oluqinisekile lokuhlala ezindlini.

Abakhi bamachibi
Ama-Beavers kusetshenziselwa amadamu ikakhulu i-alder, i-aspen kanye ne-willow: amadamu la asika izihlahla ezondile ezinamagatsha ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayishumi, futhi akwazi ukubekezelela izihlahla ezikhudlwana (ububanzi obuyi-12-16 cm) ngemizuzu engu-3-4. Ukulahla umcamelo ngo-1-1,5 girth kwababhenyi nakho akuyona inkinga. Imboza isihlahla, lezi izinduku zisebenza ngendlela yokuthi siwele ngendlela efanele. Lapho-ke izilwane zigaya amagatsha bese zisika isiqu sibe yizicucu, eziyidonsela endaweni yedamu elizayo. I-beaver inamathisela ezinye izingcezu zokhuni olubunjiwe ezansi, kanti ezinye ziqinisa ngokuqinile phakathi kwazo ukuze zingathathwa yilokho okukhona manje. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-beaver isebenza ngamazinyo womabili, paws nekhanda. Ukuze uthembeke, izinduku zisekela idamu kusuka ezinhlangothini ngama-crossbars akhethekile namaflaya. Izilwane ezisebenza kanzima zigaxa izikhala ekwakheni ngamagatsha, usilika, amaqabunga nobumba, ziletha konke lokhu okwenziwe endaweni yokwakha emilenzeni yangaphambili.

Amadamu amade kunawo wonke
Izakhiwo ze-beaver ezinde kakhulu zafinyelela ku-700 m futhi zazinamandla kangangokuba umgibeli wamahhashi angadlula kalula kuzo. Isilwane esisodwa ngeke sikwenze lokhu, sidinga umsebenzi oqinile wokuhlanganisa hhayi womndeni owodwa kuphela (kungaba miningi sawo endaweni eyodwa), futhi kwesinye isikhathi hhayi esizukulwaneni esisodwa. Ngemuva kwakho konke, idamu alibalulekile nje kuphela ukwakha, kodwa futhi nokuhlala liliqapha: ukuvuselela, ukulungisa, ukulungisa izinga lamanzi. Ukuphakama kwamachibi akuvamile ukudlula kumamitha ayi-1.5, kepha kwelinye lamaqhubu eWyoming, ososayensi baseMelika bathola idamu elingamamitha ayisithupha elinobubanzi bamamitha ayi-10. Okungenani imindeni engama-beaver engama-40 yabamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwayo, futhi ubude sedamu lafinyelela kuma-1200 m!

Ubukhulu beDamu leBeaver
kuncike kububanzi nasekujuleni kwesiteshi sesitoreji, ijubane lamanje, ikhwalithi yezinto zokwakha. Ukwenza isibonelo, eNyakatho Melika, kuyaziwa idamu elingama-652 m, ezindaweni lapho ukuphakama kwakhona kungamamitha angama-4,3 ngobubanzi ezisekelweni ezi-7 m no-1.5 m eduze nogwadule.

Abezemvelo bathathe isinqumo sokuzalela ama-squirrels emapaki amahlanu eMoscow

Izazi zezemvelo zaseMoscow zithathe isinqumo sokuzalela ama-squirrels emapaki amahlanu amakhulu. Futhi yize izilwane ezi-fluffy sezivele zihlala emahlathini angama-38 aleli dolobha, inani lama-squirrel enhloko-dolobha lincane kakhulu. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, izitha eziphambili zaleli qwele yiRaven-Muscovites, eziningi kakhulu enkabeni yedolobha: kwenzeka ukuthi lezi zidlova zihlasela ngisho namakati. Uma ama-squirrels engeke akwazi ukucasha ngokuzimela kumakhaza, kuzofanela ukuthi aqhubeke nokuhlala ezindlini ezivulekile.

Ama-squirrels azohlala eHermitage Garden, Gorky Park, Filevsky Wezingane Park, Friendship Park eduzane nesiteshi soMfula, kanye naseTrubetskoy Estate eKhamovniki park - kuhlelwa ama-squirrels epaki ngalinye. Abadala bazohlala emakhejini, kuzokhululwa ukukhula okuncane kuphela. Kuyo yonke imindeni yama-squirrel, kuzokwakhiwa izindlu, kuzofundiswa ochwepheshe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bondlekile futhi baphilile.

Ngifuna ukwazi konke

Kunezingozi eziningi emvelweni. Cishe niyabazi abameli abanobuthi bezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene nemindeni. Lapha ngesinye isikhathi ngamangala kakhulu Izinyoni Ezinoshevu futhi Iminenke Enoshevu. Kepha lokhu akusona ukuphela.

Ngokombhalo ngo-2011, izazi zebhayoloji zaqala ukuthola isibonelo sokuqoqwa kobuthi bezitshalo ngumuntu omkhulayo obulala izilwanyana. Yize ubuthi bezilwane obuvela ezitshalweni baziwa emvelweni, izinduku ezazi kahle kahle le ndlela zamangaza ongoti.

Iqhawe lolu cwaningo, eliqhutshwa yiqembu lososayensi abavela e-UK, Kenya nase-USA, kwakuyigundane lase-Afrika elenziwe nge-Lemonomys imhausi), esilibiza ngokuthi yi-shaggy hamster.

Ngiphakamisa ukuthi ngifunde kabanzi ngayo.

Izithombe 2.

Lesi silwane sihlala eMpumalanga Afrika. Sekuyisikhathi eside izazi zezinto eziphilayo zisola ukuthi zinobuthi. Okokuqala, ngenxa yombala othize: imivimbo ekhanyayo emnyama nomhlophe esikhundleni sokumashela. Okwesibili, ngokuziphatha: lapho uhlangana nomhlaseli, i-hamster ikhipha iphunga elingajabulisi kusuka kwizindlala ezisekuhlangothini lwayo, futhi ikhangise ngobungozi bayo ngokukhulisa i-mane yayo. Futhi okwesithathu, ngenxa yamacala okugula nokufa kwezinja ngemuva kokuhlangana nalesi sidalwa.

Izithombe 3.

Kodwa-ke, ngaphambili lo mbono wavezwa ukuthi isilwane u-L. imhausi uqobo ukhiqiza ubuthi obuvikelayo. Kepha kwavela ukuthi uyiboleka esihlahleni - i-Abyssinian Akokanters (Acokanthera schimperi). Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abanye abazingeli base-Afrika basebenzisa umthombo ofanayo wobuthi ukumanzisa izeluleko zemicibisholo yabo.

Izithombe 4.

Abaphenyi baqinisekisile le hypothesis ngokunikeza amagatsha acacanter nezimpande ekubambeni amagundane ane-maned. Izinduku zaqala ukugedla nokuhlafuna ku-bark (ukugwema amaqabunga nezithelo) nokubeka ama-smear drool ezinhlangothini zabo, kubhala uFigOrg.com

Ukuhlaziywa kwezinwele ze-shaggy hamster ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu se-elektroni kwabonisa ukuthi izinwele ezisezinhlangothini ze-L. imhausi zihlukile ngesakhiwo kwabanye. Zihlotshiswe ngokuqinile futhi zigcwele ama-pores, njengesiponji noma i-wick, futhi ngakho-ke zibamba kahle futhi zigcine ubuthi obulalayo (i-Cardenolide, i-analogue esondelene ye-ouabain engabulala indlovu). Lesi “sipho” siwela emihlathini yanoma yisiphi isilwane esizama ukunambitha i-shaggy hamster.

Isibonakhulu se-elektroni eskenwa esivunyelwe ukubona izinwele eduze nesiphu, sigcwele ubuthi (a), nama-microfibers ezinwele ezihlanjiwe (b), indawo eseduze kwempande (isithombe sikaJonathan Kingdon et al.).

Izithombe 5.

U-L. imhausi uwusebenzisa kanjani ubuthi ngaphandle kokuvumela umphumela wawo? Kungani le hamster (noma i-rat, uma usebenzisa igama lasentshonalanga) ithole izinwele zayo ezimangalisayo ngesikhathi sokuvela kwemvelo? Izazi zebhayoloji azikwazi ukuphendula le mibuzo okwamanje.

(Imininingwane yokutholakale ingatholakala esihlokweni esithi Proceedings of The Royal Society B.)

Izithombe 6.

Kulolu hlobo, izinsikazi zifinyelela osayizi abakhulu kakhulu (kufika ku-36 cm) uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa (26-30 cm). Umsila ucishe ube yingxenye yobude. Ukubonakala kwe-shaggy hamster kukude kakhulu nombono ojwayelekile wamagundane namagundane. Uboya obuncanyana nobukhali eduze nogobolondo kwakha umgibeli omfushane omfushane wombala omnyama. Imibala ejwayelekile imnyama, nsundu noma icishe ibe mnyama ngombala okhanyayo nemivimbo. Umsila nawo ubuya kakhulu. Izinzwani ezine zakhiwe kahle emilenzeni. Izindlebe ezincane zihlanganiswe nomhlophe. Isigaxa sifana nengulube ye-Guinea (i-cavia) noma i-porcupine. Ngokwesaba, lesi silo siqaqa i-mane yaso bese siba njenge-porcupine. AmaShaggy hamsters ajwayelekile emahlathini asezintabeni aseSudan, eSomalia, eKenya naseTopiya. Zibanjelwe endaweni ephakeme ye-1000-1500 m ngaphezu kolwandle.

Hola indlela yokukhwela. Ukuhamba kwezilwane ezihlahleni akukhona ukuguga kakhulu, kepha ziyakwazi ukwehla esiqwini ngisho nekhanda phansi. Usuku lusetshenziswa endaweni yokukhosela, etholakala phakathi kwamadwala noma ezakhiweni zezimpande. Zidla ngamaqabunga kanye namahlumela amasha, kanye nezithelo ezahlukahlukene. Ngenkathi bedla, bahlala emilenzeni yabo yangemuva, bagcine ukudla ngaphambili. Ngaphezu kokutshala ukudla, ngezikhathi ezithile, angaba nokujabulela namachwane noma isililo. Cishe akukho lwazi ngokwenziwa kabusha kwale nhlobo. Abantu abahlukile be-hamggy hamster babehlala ezindlini iminyaka eminingi.

Abanye abamele abanye bezilwane ezihlaba umxhwele ezithandekayo: isibonelo, izinja zeMeadow zaphenduka zaba ngababulali be-serial futhi kusekhona izinyamazane zeRadioactive eNorway. Lezi yizimbotshana eziyigugu, kepha amaHens anama-dinosaur paws. Ubuwazi ukuthi kunesigaxa esinezimbiza nezinyoka

Ukubukeka

I-rodent yase-Afrika yohlobo olungajwayelekile, olufana, kunalokho, ama-porcupines. Isici salo sesici yi-shaggy bristly mane, egijima eceleni kogongolo. Abesifazane kuma-shaggy hamsters bafinyelela ngobukhulu obukhulu (kufika ku-36 cm) uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa (25,5-30 cm). Isisindo sabantu abadala singama-590-920 g. Umsila ucishe umfishane kabili kunomzimba - 14-21.5 cm, embozwe izinwele ezinde. Umzimba mkhulu, awkward. Ikhanda liveza ikhanda elifana nekhanda lengulube noma i-porcupine. Amehlo mancane. Izindlebe ezincane eziyindilinga zihlanganiswa nomhlophe. Iminwe emi-4 ithuthukiswe kahle emilenzeni, mina umunwe wokwembatha uphikisana nengxenye nawo.

Umugqa wezinwele uphakeme, awugqinsi futhi uthambile, emuva kuphela lapho kukhona umucu wezinwele ezihlanganayo, enza uhlobo lwe-mane. Lapho i-shaggy hamster isaba noma ijabule, i-mane emhlane wayo iyaphakama, iveze izindawo eziyindida ezinhlangothini zomzimba. Umbala wohlangothi lwe-dorsal umnyama, onsundu noma ucishe umnyama onamabala akhanyayo nemivimbo. Umbala ohlangothini lwe-ventral ushintsha usuka kokumpunga ube mnyama. Umugqa omncane okhanyayo ugijima ezinhlangothini. Izinyawo zimnyama. Umsila umnyama ngethiphu emhlophe.

Indlela yokuphila

AmaShaggy hamsters ajwayelekile emahlathini asezintabeni ase-East Africa - eSudan, e-Ethiopia, eSomalia, e-Uganda, eKenya, eTanzania. Izinsalela zamathambo ziyaziwa kwa-Israyeli. Zigcinwa ikakhulu endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-1200-2700 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, noma, ngokwesibonelo, eSomalia zaziwa nasehlathini elisicaba.

Indlela yokuphila i-arboreal kakhulu. Ukuhamba kwalezi zilwane phansi ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni akukude kakhulu, kodwa ziyakwazi ukwehla esiqwini ngisho nangaphezulu. Iyasebenza ebusuku, ichitha usuku emiseleni, kuma-voal basids, emifantwini yamatshe. Imvamisa igcinwa yodwa, yize itholakala ngababili nangamaqembu emindeni kusuka kowesifazane nakwinzalo yakhe. Zidla ngamaqabunga, izimpande nezithombo ezincane zezitshalo, kanye nezithelo ezahlukahlukene. Ngenkathi bedla, bahlala emilenzeni yabo yangemuva, bebambe ukudla kwangaphambili.

Akukho lutho olukhona ngokuphathelene nokwenziwa kabusha kwalolu hlobo. Izinsikazi ziletha amawundlu angama-2-3 asembozwe izinwele kakade.

Ukuvikelwa kwepredator

Ama-hamsters ama-hamgi ahamba kancane futhi ahamba kancane futhi alinxephezele njengama-skunks - uma kwenzeka ingozi, ikhipha iphunga elinamandla elingathandeki kusuka kwizindlala ezinephunga elisendaweni yazo. Ngasikhathi sinye, baphakamisa “i-mane” yabo, bafana nethimba. Kwabuye kucatshangelwe ukuthi ukucasulwa kwezindlala ze-shaggy hamster kuqukethe ubuthi futhi kunoshevu ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. Ngasohlangothini, lapho uboya bukhuphuka khona, imicu emide emide, emnyama nemhlophe iyavuleka, okuthi lapho i-rodent isesimweni esizolile, imbozwe ngoboya obumpunga bemvula nokukhanya.Kucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu kufaka imibala akuxwayisi nje umdlwenguli ngengozi, kodwa futhi kudala ukukhohlisa kohlangothi olungavikelekile, ukuze kuthi uma umhlaseli esazama ukulubamba, ulusendaweni enobuthi.

Ngo-2011, kwaboniswa ukuthi i-shaggy hamster inezinwele ezinobuthi, ezisebenzela ukuvikela izinyamazane. Esikhundleni salokho izitha ezinkulu ezinkulu (usayizi wenja) zivame ukufa ngemuva kokuhlasela i-shaggy hamster. Kwavela ukuthi i-shaggy hamster yadabula amagxolo esihlahleni se-Abyssinian Akokanter (Acokanthera shimperi), equkethe ama-glycosides anobuthi, kufaka phakathi i-ouabain - i-inhibitor ye-sodium-potassium ATPase, okuthi kumthamo omncane uvuselele umsebenzi wenhliziyo, futhi ngobuningi obukhulu bungabangela ukuthi iyeke. Lapho-ke i-hamster ikhotha uboya ezinhlangothini zayo, ihlanganiswe ngensini kusuka kugxolo. Izinwele zigcwele ubuthi besitshalo. Izinwele ezinobuthi ze-hamster ehlanganisiwe zinesakhiwo esingajwayelekile. Ingqimba yabo yangaphandle imbozwe izimbobo futhi ibukeka njengethala lokuvula elivulekile, ungqimba olungaphakathi lufakelwa ngokushesha ngodayi futhi, mhlawumbe ubuthi besitshalo. Ababhali balo msebenzi bathi uma umhlaseli eluma i-hamster, uthola izinwele ezinobuthi ezinhlangothini zomzimba, futhi lokhu kungadala ubuthi nokufa.

Izindlela zokuvikela ezingeziwe ze-shaggy hamster zifaka ugebhezi obukhulu, umgogodla oqinile nesikhumba esinyene ngokungajwayelekile nesimeme somelele yegundane. Uhlobo lokumelana kwe-hamggy hamster esenzweni se-ouabain alukafundwa.

Izici zokuziphatha kwe-shaggy hamster

Emhlabathini nasezihlahleni azigugi kakhulu, kodwa kwesinye isikhathi zisuka ziyehla esiqwini zibheke phansi.

Yondla ebusuku. Ntambama, ama-shaggy hamsters acasha emiseleni, emigodini ngaphansi kwezimpande, ezakhiweni ezingaphansi kwamatshe. Imvamisa imisesane ihlala yodwa. Okungaphansi kakhulu ngababili noma emndenini lapho owesifazane ehola khona namawundlu.

Lapho behlangana nezitha, baphakamisa i-mane yabo ekugcineni, bacabanga ukubonakala kwethambo.

Ama-hamsters ama-hamsters ayizinkuni zokhuni.

Isivikelo esibi kakhulu yiphunga elingajabulisi kusuka kumagundane. Umuthi obukhali onephunga uvikeleka yizindlala ezisezinhlangothini zomzimba ezisezindongeni zesikhumba. Ngosizo lwezinwele ezikhethekile, imfihlo yokunuka iyasakazeka ngokushesha futhi isabise abazingeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinto zinobuthi, ngakho-ke kunezimo zezinja ezinobuthi ngemuva kokugwinya i-hamster enomuntu. Kukhona enye indlela lapho ama-rodent aphendula izinsongo: ama-hamsters aqala ukushesha abuyele emuva, akhombisa amazinyo awo kumzingeli. Ngesikhathi sokucasulwa, baphinda bashaye ikhwela, badonsa umoya futhi bakhale.

Ukuziphatha okunjalo okunolaka kuvumelana nokuhamba kancane kwama-hamggy hamsters futhi kusindise impilo yezilwane. Kodwa-ke, nangezinye izinhlobo zamagundane namadamana, ziziphatha ngokuthula impela.

Ukusakazwa kwe-hamggy hamster

Kunolwazi oluncane kakhulu mayelana nokusakazwa kwama-hamggy hamsters. Kukholakala ukuthi insikazi izala amawundlu amabili noma amathathu. Zivela ngezinwele eziningi. Isikhathi sokuphila yiminyaka engu-7.5.

Ama-hamsters angaphandle we-shaggy afana kakhulu nama-porcupines.

Ukondla i-shaggy hamster

Ama-hamsters angama-Shaggy ayizilwane ezi-herbivorous. Badla amahlumela amasha, amaqabunga, izimpande, izithelo namajikijolo.

Babamba ukudla lapho behlala emilenzeni yangemuva, kuyilapho bebambe umbungu ngaphambili, baphenduke iminwe, bancamela amaqabunga amazambane amnandi.

Kwesinye isikhathi amachwane nezibungu kuyabanjwa. Ama-hamigs hamsters awaphuzi kakhulu, ngoba umswakama utholakala ezingxenyeni ezinamanzi zezitshalo abazondla kuzo.
I-shaggy hamster ingazivikela kwizilwane ezidla ezinye.

Le mpuku ingadala ubuthi bezinyamazane ezidla izitha zayo. Ngemuva kokushona kwezinja ezihlasele i-rodent, izazi zezilwane ezivela e-University of Oxford zathola isizathu sokuzivumelanisa okuhle kangaka. AmaShaggy hamsters akhonkotha amagxolo avela kuma-Akokanter abyssines, omzimba wakhe omile izicubu zomzimba ezinobuthi.

Ubuthi bungokwesigaba sama-glycosides enhliziyo futhi kungadala ushintsho emsebenzini wenhliziyo. Kwimithamo emincane isetshenziswa njengomuthi. Izizwe zasendaweni kade zazi ngezimo ezinobuthi ze-acocanteri, futhi zathola ubuthi bokugcoba imicibisholo ngenkathi zizingela izilwane ezinkulu.

Ukusetshenziswa kobuthi bezitshalo yinto eyingqayizivele ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo okubonisa ngokucacile i-shaggy hamster.

AmaShaggy hamsters ngemuva kokukhonkotha amagxolo, akhothe uboya emhlane wabo. Izinwele ngaphakathi zinomugqa lapho amathe agcwala khona i-ouabain engena. Lapho ihlaselwa, inyamazane engabaleki ayibaleki isiphithiphithi, kodwa iba endaweni esongelayo, ibambe umhlane wayo, ikhombise umbala omnyama nemhlophe.

Umbala wewayiso ukhombisa izakhiwo zokuvikela.

Kepha uma umhlaseli ebamba iringi, evikelwe yisikhumba esikhulu, okunzima ukuluma, khona-ke ubuthi obanele obuvela ezinweleni ze-hamster bungena emgodleni waso womlomo ukuze buthi isitha.

Emvelweni, kusenezilwane ezinokuvikela okufanayo kwemvelo okuhloselwe ukusinda kwezinhlobo, izinkawu zama-capuchin zigcotshwa ngezibabule ukuze zivikeleke ekulimaleni komiyane. Kepha i-hamggy hamster kuphela engabulala isitha sayo ubuthi. Ngesikhathi sokufunda, ososayensi babamba ama-shaggy hamsters, phakathi kwawo kwakukhona abantu ababenezimpawu zokulimala ezimbozwe emabunzini. Ngokungangabazeki, namagundane nawo awavikelekile kwi-exabain.