Le yi-heterotic hybrid yezinhlobo ezimbili. Kepha lapha yonke into inzima kakhulu futhi kuzodingeka ukuthi ungene kancane emlandweni wezingulube ezifuywayo. Kwakungekho sikhungo esihlangene esiyisizinda lapho kwavela ingulube yasekhaya kamuva.
Ekuqaleni, yinye kuphela inhlobo yengulube yasendle eyayihlala e-Eurasia. Ezwekazini elikhulu kangako, wayengeke akwazi ukusiza kodwa wahlukanisa izingxenyana ezithile. Ukwehlukaniswa kwenzeke muva nje kanti okubhalwe phansi kusasondele kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, e-Eurasia kunemigqa emibili ehlukene yezingulube zasendle: izingulube zasendle zase-Europe nase-Asia.
Izingqinamba zase-Eshiya zaveza izinhlobo ezincane ezaziwa eYurophu:
- IsiShayina
- Vietnamese Whiskers,
- IsiKorea
- Siamese
- izinhlobo eziningi zomdabu eziqhingini ezahlukahlukene.
Umehluko phakathi kwezingulube zase-Eshiya ne- "European" zincane, zinezindlebe ezincane futhi kukhona “amadevu kanye nezindevu” ekhanda.
Ingulube yasendle yaseYurophu ingukhokho wazo zonke izingulube ezinkulu ezivame ukukhuliswa emapulazini nasemapulazini.
I-Karmal - umkhiqizo onqamula ezingulubeni zase-Asia nezaseYurophu. "AbaseYurophu" banomzali bazalanisa - izoso. Ukusuka ohlangothini "lwase-Eshiya", kukhona ukudideka: njengoba izinhlobo zezingulube zase-Asia zaziwa kancane, ingulube yaseVietnam engaqondile futhi nengulube yaseKorea ibhalwe ngesiKarmala ngokuthi "abazali". Ngezinga eliphakeme lokunokwenzeka endaweni ye-CIS, ngamaKorea asho izimbungulu zaseVietnam. Izingulube zase-Asia zifana kakhulu ngombala nezimpawu ezikhiqizayo, ngakho-ke akukho lutho olumangazayo ekudidekeni.
Nge-barbecue nayo akuyona into elula. Lokhu akuyona owesilisa waseHungary mangalits. Lokhu kungumphumela wesiphambano phakathi kwengulube yasendle ne-Hungary brazier, kamuva eyabiwa "ngokwayo." Ngisho nencazelo yezingulube zosobezi ingahluka phakathi kwazo ngokuya ngokuthi zenziwe kanjani izakhi zofuzo ": izoso kuzodlula njenge-boar noma i-barbecue. Akukho ukufana ngokuzalanisa. Ama-nzalo we-barbecue nezingulube zase-Asia ahluke kakhulu komunye nomunye.
Iqiniso ngokuzalela emaphaketheni
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamaphakethe: ejwayelekile futhi wasebukhosini. Eqinisweni, i- "plebeian" karmal iyi-hybrid yesizukulwane sokuqala kusuka kubhaxa lwosobe kanye nengulube yase-Asia. Inhlanganisela imane nje, ngoba lapho weqa izilwane ezahlukahlukene kakhulu, insikazi kufanele ibe nkulu. Ukuthola ukubukeka kwasebukhosini, kudingeka uthathe isithombo se-hybrid esizukulwaneni sokuqala futhi kwenzeke kuso nge-boar barbecue.
Ngokuqondene nokudideka phakathi kwe-barbecue ne-mangalit yaseHungary, i-karmal nayo ihlala ibizwa ngokuthi i-hybrid phakathi kwe-mangalit ne-whisker yaseVietnam.
Ukubukeka
Ukukhuluma ngamazinga nezidingo zokubukeka kwalezi zilwane kunzima kakhulu. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo ezibhalisiwe, nzalo yengulube ingabukeka ehlukile. Isizukulwane sokuqala kwesinye isikhathi sifana kakhulu nezikhukhamba zaseVietnam, ezisetshenziswa ngabathengisi bezingulube abangathembekile. Kudayiswa kakhulu izingulube zaseVietnam ezingabizi kakhulu uma kubhekwa inzalo ebizayo. I- “Royal” karmal, ingumkhiqizo we-backcrossing, ibukeka kakhulu njenge-barbecue.
IKarmalis yazuza umbala ku-brazier waseHungary, kepha inganekwane yazalwa isuka endaweni ethile ukuthi inzalo ayinayo imibala emhlophe nenabala. Uma ucabanga ukuthi le mibala ikhona ezinhlotsheni zohlobo lwabazali, imibala enjalo emaphaketheni ikhona. Iphuzu linombolo elincane lama-nzalo. Uma umbala omhlophe usuqedile, ungavela ngenani elincane lamapheya kuphela futhi kuncike kwinani elikhulu lamaphakethe.
Umehluko umehluko phakathi kwezidleke zekarmal nezinhlobo ezijwayelekile "ezitshaliwe" umbala wazo "wasendle" zisencane. Yize umbala wama-piglets ungahluka, kepha onke anemichilo ehlukile ayizuze njengekhokho endle ye-barbecue.
Ama-bristles afana nezinwele ezinkulu. Izinkukhu zasendle zimbozwe "ngoboya" obunjalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwavela inganekwane yokuthi ngisho nezimbungulu zanyanga zonke zingagcinwa ngaphandle ebusika. Abathengisi be-Hybrid bethula leli khono njengenye yezinzuzo zokushibilika kwezidumbu.
Ukuzwisisa ukuthi lokhu kuyinganekwane noma cha, kwanele ukukhumbula ukuthi ngisho nengulube yasendle enamafutha inza izingane ngenkathi efudumele. Ngobusika, izingulube zasendle zikhula. Zonke izilwane ezincelisayo zasendle zinempahla eyodwa ngaphezulu: ukumisa ukuthuthukiswa ebusika. Uma amaphakethe agcinwe njengezingulube zomhlobiso, izingulube zazingagcinwa ngaphandle. Hhayi kusukela enyangeni, kepha sekuvele ezimbili. Kepha nzalo iyadingeka njengezilwane ezikhiqizayo futhi ukondla ingulube ngeze izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu akunanzuzo.
Ngakho-ke, okuqukethwe kwamaphakethi ebusika kuyafana nokunye kweminye imifino engavimbani yiqhwa: ungqimba obukhulu botshani obangeni olubandayo. Kumazinyane ezingulube asanda kuzalwa, isibani se-infrared sizodingeka.
Ukukhiqiza
Ukuhlwanyelwa okuhlanganisiwe kungukuthomba okusheshayo. Njengezingulube zase-Asiya, zifinyelela esikhathini sokuthomba sezizafika ezinyangeni ezi-4. Ukuvuthwa kokuqala kwenziwa kangcono kunangaphambi kwezinyanga eziyi-6. Amaphakethe nawo anokuzala okuhle, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene nesizinda sebrazier elincane laseHungary. Amaphakethe ajwayele ukuletha izingulube ezingama-8-10.
Isizathu sokubukeka nezindleko eziphakeme zama-nzalo umphumela we-heterosis. Kepha lesi sici asiveli njengenjwayelo. Ezindlini zokufuya izilwane, nzalo enesisindo esithe xaxa kunabazali, futhi kunenzuzo enkulu ukukhulisa iziphambano zenyama. Kepha ingulube yaseVietnam / yaseKorea ikhula ibe ngu-150 kuphela, bese kuthi u-grill kube ngu-300 kg. I-hybrid inamasayizi aphakathi nendawo. Isilwane esidala sinesisindo esingu-220 kg.
Akukho nzuzo ethile ekukhuliseni i-karmal. Kepha izinzuzo azilingani. I-grill ine-ukunambitheka okubi kwenyama - ifa lengulube yasendle. Ngasikhathi sinye, wazuza ifa lenyama yemabula kumuntu oyi-brazier. Futhi izingulube zaseVietnam nezaseKorea zinenyama esezingeni eliphakeme, kepha ayikho into edonsa. Lapho uwela, kutholakala inani elikhulu lenyama ebunjiwe ebunjiwe.
Inganekwane yamafutha
Lapho kukhangisa nzalo, abathengisi bavame ukusho ukuthi lezi zingulube zinongqimba olunamafutha angahlukaniswa kalula nenyama. Eqinisweni, asikho isidingo esisodwa senkinga enjalo. E-Asia, isinqe siyaziswa, hhayi inyama yengulube. Ngakho-ke, yonke imifino yase-Asia ithola amanoni e-hypodermic kahle. Ngisho nezingulube zaseVietnam ezinezinyanga ezi-4 ezinokuphakelwa okujwayelekile ziyakwazi ukuzitholela ubhekeni ongu-2 cm. Futhi la mafutha kunzima kakhulu ukuwahlukanisa nenyama. Kufanele inqunywe.
I-mangalitsa yaseHungary nayo yayizalelwe inwele. Inyama yemabula yayiyisimanga esimnandi. I-boar yasendle iyakwazi ukondla isitoko samafutha kuma-acorns izinyanga ezimbalwa zekwindla ebusika bonke. Brazier - i-hybrid of brazier kanye ne-boar.
IKarmalu ayikho ndawo lapho ingathatha khona ungqimba olunamafutha oluhlukanisa kalula. Bonke okhokho bakhe bahlukaniswa ngosawoti omuhle kanye nobubanzi obukhulu bokubhekeni. Inzuzo enkulu ye-hybrid - iqoqo lama-200 kg wesisindo bukhoma kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-12 - ichazwa amandla okwakha ngokushesha amanoni. Ngakho-ke akunakuba nesendlalelo esincanyana ku-karmal.
Ukumelana nezifo
Inganekwane eyingozi kakhulu ngezilwane. Lezi zingulube zikhangiswa ngokuba nokugomela okuqinile kakhulu. Abathengisi bathi amaphakethe awaguli nakancane futhi awadingi nokugonywa. Eqinisweni, akukho ukungavikeleki okunjalo okungakwazi “ukudabula” ukutheleleka. Ikakhulu uma ukunakekelwa kwezingulube kushiya kufiseleka kakhulu, kanti umnikaziyo akahambelani namazinga ahlanzekile.
Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi lapho kugcinwa izingulube emasimini asendlini. Abanikazi ngeke bakwazi ukulondolozela inzalo efanayo nasemapulazini ezingulube. Ngakho-ke, konke ukugoma okugunyaziwe kwezingulube kumele kwenziwe kanye ne-karmalam.
Amathemba
I-hybrid ayinathemba. Ukuzalela ngokwakho kuzokhula inzalo, njengoba ukuqhekeka kohlobo lofuzo kuzokwenzeka. Ngenxa yofuzo oluyinkimbinkimbi, ukuthola inzalo emaphaketheni amabili kuzohambisana ne-lottery: kungenzeka ukunqoba, kepha amathuba okulahlekelwa nokuthola izilwane ezikhiqiza kancane aphakeme kakhulu.
Abathandi abangajwayelekile abaqukethe i-brazier noma i-brazier yaseHungary kanye nengulube yase-Asia egcekeni labo bazokwazi ukuthola amaphakethe.
I-Karmal iyi-hybrid yezinhlobo ezimbili zohlobo lwe-herbivore Pigs: I-Korea (i-Asia) Viscous (25%) ne-Mangal (75%), ne-Karmal ayibonwa njengohlobo lokuzalela.
Uhlobo lwe-Karmal semi-zasendle olufuywayo: incazelo nezinzuzo
Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zama-piglets. Isibonelo, uhlobo lwehagu ye-Karmal alunasendle, ngokuya ekondleni, aludingi kakhulu inani lokudla kunezingulube ezijwayelekile. Lokhu kuzalanisa kunezimpawu zazo, okuhle nokubi.
Njengoba kwenzeka, i-Karmal ingulube yasendle yasendle. Lokhu kuzalanisa kuyinto exotic. Ngokokuqala ngqa yayiphethwe ngokudotshwa ngokuwela izingulube eziningana zohlobo lwe-herbivorous.
Okokuqala, bathatha owesilisa wohlobo oluhlanzekile lwaseKorea futhi bamletha kanye nowesifazane uMangal, futhi yilapho kuphela owesimame owaphumela lapho owedlule nowesilisa uMangal. Ngakho-ke, kuvela ukuthi kulokhu kuzalaniswa kwegazi okungama-75% kaMangal, kanti okunye bekugcinelwe iKorea.
Akumangazi ukuthi lezi zingulube ziyefana ne- "Korea" ekwakhiweni kwemizimba yazo, kepha azikho izimpawu zokuzibandakanya kwezingulube zakwaMangal ekwakhiweni kwamaKarmals - zinokufana nakho.
Kodwa-ke, lezi zingulube zikhulu ngokuphindwe kabili kunabaphambi kwazo. Kakade lapho benonyaka owodwa, isisindo sabo sifinyelela kumakhilogremu angamakhulu amabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungukuzalela inyama ngokuphelele, okusho okuqukethwe ngamaphesenti amancane alawo mafutha emzimbeni.
Ngonyaka owodwa nje, iKarmalov ingondla kalula aze afike kumakhilogremu ayikhulu noma afinyelela kumakhulu amabili. Okungenani lesi sici siyangihlaba umxhwele.
Noma uwavumela ukuba adle kakhulu, umphumela ongemuhle wevolumu enkulu yamafutha uhlala ungenangqondo njengokudla ngokulinganayo. Ungqimba lwamafutha lusazokuba lincane futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, luhlukaniswe kalula enyameni ngokwayo.
Ekhuluma ngenyama kaKarmalov, imnandi kakhulu, inoshukela futhi ayinamafu nhlobo. Ukunambitheka kwayo kungikhumbuza isiphambano phakathi kwengulube ne-veal.
Futhi, nzalo enjalo ithola amachashazi amahle anemibala ehlukahlukene. Izingulube zeKarmaly zimnyama, zimthende, ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nsundu futhi zixubekile, umbala we-motley.
Ngeshwa, ngokukhula kwabo, imichilo icishe ivele inyamalale, kepha esikhundleni sayo umbala omuhle onsundu, omnyama noma onsomi. Lokhu ngumbala abantu abadala Karmaly abawuthola kaningi.
Ingulube izolile. Akufanele ukhathazeke ngokuthi izingulube zizokwenza umgodi ojwayelekile futhi zivimbe uthango. Futhi izinga labo lokukhula eliphezulu lingabhekwa njengenzuzo yabo.
Ngakho IKarmal ifinyelela ebusheni ngezinsuku eziyikhulu neshumi nanhlanu ezimweni zokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi nokudla okujwayelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingatshala izingulube lapho sezinezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili. Ezinye izingulube ezikule minyaka zithola nje amandla okuzala. Ngemuva kokuzalwa, ngokuqondile, emva kwenyanga, zingalunyulwa kusuka ohlwanyelweni ngomuntu opholile bese ziphinda zishada futhi.
Inzuzo enkulu yeKarmalov ipheshana labo eliqinile lesisu, ngakho-ke bangakudla ngentokozo ukudla okunje okungenza ukulimala okungalungiseki ezingulubeni ezijwayelekile.
Futhi, lokhu kuzalaniswa kubonakaliswa ukumelana nokubanda okumangalisayo. Amapigogo angaqaliswa ekhejini elivulekile noma eneminyaka emibili izinyanga, ngisho nasebusika, lapho kuba nesithwathwa, futhi ngeke acabange nokugula, okungenakushiwo ngezinye izinhlobo, izinhlobo ezibuthakathaka.
Kungashiwo ukuthi banokuzivikela okuhle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kuqhathaniswa ne- "Korea". Isisu esiqinile ikakhulu sikuvumela ukuthi ugaye amabele wonke kangcono.
Ake ngikukhumbuze ukuthi iKarmaly ingeyengulube yasendle futhi bakondle cishe kathathu eshibhilekunemisebenzi yasekhaya ejwayelekile.
Sesithole ukuthi ukugcina i-Karmalov kusiza kakhulu cishe kuwo wonke umqondo, ngaphandle kwehaba. Abayidingi i-pigsty yomuntu ngamunye, ngoba banokuphila okwanele emgwaqweni - insimu ezungezwe uthango noma inethi, kungakhathalekile isikhathi sonyaka.
Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi abayithandi okusalungiswa.
Ungabondla cishe wonke umuntu: imifino, utshani, okusanhlamvu. Noma iyiphi ingulube ekudleni okunjalo izoba nesisindo esisuka kumakhilogremu ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwikhulu namashumi amabili kakade ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa nengxenye. Ziphinde zidle hay, beet kanye okusanhlamvu okulula.
Ukudla okubabayo nakho akudingekile, ukuze ukudla okwenziwe ngendlela eluhlaza nokhethiwe kuhle. AmaKarmalas akhula ngokushesha ngisho nasekulaleleni okuvamile, futhi badinga okusanhlamvu okumbalwa okuphindwe kathathukunokuba izinhlobo ezilula.
Izingulube zeKarmala zikhula ngokushesha ngisho nangaphandle kwezithasiselo zokudla: ngezinsuku eziyi-7-10 ziqala ukudla utshani, futhi kusukela ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14 - iphalishi.
Nalu ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana neKarmalas:
Lezi zilwane ezinhle kakhulu zinikezwe umlingiswa opholile kanye nesifiso sokungaziphathi kahle.
Karmala kunzima ukukucabanga ukumba umgodi noma wephula uthango. Uzoklaba ngokuthula esibayeni, athabathe ngenkani ukhula, iphalishi noma imifino.
Izici ezijwayelekile zohlobo lokuzalela
Izingulube zeKarmaly ziyingxube yeMangal neVietnam Whiskers. Amaphakethe anokubukeka okungajwayelekile. Kunzima impela ukudidanisa nezinye izinhlobo.
Lezi zingulube zigqoka izinwele ezisontekile ezigobile. Ngenxa yalokhu, bangachitha isikhathi unyaka wonke bengaphandle. Ama-piglets asanda kuzalwa athola isisindo ngokushesha futhi afinyelele esikhathini sokufika kwezinyanga ezine ubudala.
Egazini lezingulube zaseKarmal, izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zegazi ziqukethe igazi likaMangal futhi ikota eyodwa igazi lezingulube zaseKorea.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zangaphandle nezithombe zezingulube zeKarmal
I-Karmaly, ngokungafani nezingulube ezijwayelekile ezijwayelekile ngathi, zigqoka ijazi le-fluffy futhi kwesinye isikhathi zize zibambe ijazi le-wavy.
Umbala wezingulube ezincane uthakazelisa kakhulu. Izinsana ezizalwe kusuka ohlwanyweni owodwa kungaba umbala wazo ngamunye. Omunye angaba mnyama, omunye abe mpunga, onsundu okwesithathu, abe yimicu yesine kanye nethoni yesihlanu.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imivimbo iyanyamalala, futhi izingulube ezivuthiwe ziba u-ashen, onsundu, noma zimnyama. Isikhumba seCarmed Karmalov siyohlanzeka ngokuphelele simhlophe.
Pig Karmal isithombe
Izindawo zokuzala zeKarmalov
Ngenxa yokuthi abakwaKarmaly abesabi isimo sezulu esibandayo futhi abanamandla okugomela okuhle, bagcinwa cishe kuzo zonke izifunda ezifuywayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho ama-pedigree Karmals atholakala ngabalimi ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yohlobo lwasekhaya.
Izinganekwane zingenziwa ngenyama yeKarmalov. Ama-gourmet anambitha izitsha zenyama yalokhu kuzalaniswa kwezingulube aqaphela ubuhlakani bayo obungajwayelekile nobabo. Iyamakha futhi inamakha kakhulu. Abaningi bathi enyameni yeKarmalov kukhona amanothi abonakala nge-veal.
Ukuba khona kwamafutha enyameni yalezi zingulube kuncane. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi isilwane sondle ungqimba olunamafutha, singasikwa kalula bese sifakwa emafutheni.
AmaKarmalas akhombisa ukuzala okuhle kakhulu. Lapho sezinezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili, ingulube ayikwazi nje kuphela ukuzala, kodwa futhi nokufaka ingulube.
Ngesikhathi sokuya kude, isibeletho asidingi usizo lwangaphandle futhi sibhekana kahle nomsebenzi waso.
Izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, inani lazo ezingafinyelela abantu abangamashumi amabili nanye, zithola ubisi oluhle futhi zithole isisindo ngokumangalisayo. Ngemuva konyaka, ingulube inesisindo esingaba yisentimitha, futhi ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ikwazi ukuphinda isisindo lesi.
Iqiniso lokuthi ingulube yenyanga ingalunyulwa bese idluliselwa kuqala otshanini bese iphalishi nayo ijabulisa abalimi. Isibeletho sesikulungele ukuvuthwa.
Njengoba i-Karmaly ingeyenkomba yenyama, i-lard akuyona i-skate yabo. Amafutha Amancanyana kungenzeka enze inyama ibe namanzi kakhulu kunamafutha.
Ukuzalanisa ingulube Karmal
Lapho kudliwa, izingulube zeKarmal zithanda ukufuya. Ukwelapha abawuthandayo utshani obukhulu.
Phakathi kokunye, iKarmaly ine-immune eqinile ngokwedlulele.Ngisho nengulube enezinyanga ezimbili eyachitha usuku lonke emoyeni wesithwathwa ngeke iyicasule inkosi yayo ngamakhaza.
Impilo engagcineki yezingulube kanye nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Konke lokhu kwenza iKarmalov ibe yintandokazi yabalimi. Ngempela, ekugcinweni kwezilwane kudinga kuphela i-corral ethembekile. Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukuvikela izingulube kokubhaliwe. Kuzo zonke ezinye izindlela, izilwane azithobeki.
Amaphakethe athathe izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezimbili. Lokhu ukubukeka okusha.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamaphakethe:
• U-Ordinary Karmaly, lapho ewela umama kwakuyizingulube zaseKorea, noyise eyizoso,
• I-Royal Karmaly, lapho umama eyi-brazier futhi ubaba eyisikhova saseKorea, ngemuva kwalokhu, umsebenzi wokufuya uyaqhubeka, kanti iKarmal yasebukhosini itholakala kuphela ngemuva kokuwela inzalo nge-brazier emsulwa.
Lapho zizalanisa emaphaketheni wasebukhosini, lohlobo lutholakala eduze ne-barbecue. Inyama yenzalo yasebukhosini ayinakuqhathaniswa nokunambitha.
Lezi zingulube ezi-hybrid zibonakala ngokukhula okusheshayo; ukuthomba kuqala ngezinsuku eziyi-115. Zinezinwele ezigobekile nezinwebekile. AmaKarmalas ahlobo lwenyama, inyama yawo inambitheka kahle.
Izingulube ezi-Hybrid azikhathaleli ekunakekelweni kwazo, zinokuzivikela okuhle kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi sokudla, bahlala emhlambini, badle izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhambi notshani obujwayelekile. Bahlala emoyeni ovulekile unyaka wonke; ukulungiswa kwabo akudingi igumbi elifudumele.
Usizo lapho kuzalwa inzalo aludingeki, ngaphezu kwalokho, abahlwanyeli bangomama abalungile.
Izingulube ezikhulayo ze-hybrid zishibhile kunezingulube ezejwayelekile, ngoba asikho isidingo sokwakha i-pigsty ehlukile, zizizwa zimnandi emgwaqweni, udinga nje uthango lwendawo ngenetha.
Ama-hybrid adla kakhulu ngotshani, okusanhlamvu nemifino, ngalokhu kudla, umuntu ngamunye uzuza cishe amakhilogremu ayi-10 ngenyanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okusanhlamvu, hay kanye beet kukhona ekudleni kwabo.
Izinhlamvu akudingeki nokuthi zibanjiswe, zingaba zingcolile futhi zinqunywe, ngoba inzalo inomgudu oqinile wokugaya ukudla nesisu. Zikhula ngokushesha ngisho noma zidliswa imfucuza.
AmaKarmalas ane-immune engaqinile ne-system yokugaya enamandla.
Ukungavikeleki kwama nzalo kungcono kakhulu kunaleyo yengulube yaseKorea kanye nesisu esinamandla ngokwengeziwe. Izilwane ezincane azikwazi ukugonywa.
AmaKarmalas ayakwazi ukuletha inzalo ngisho naseneminyaka engu-8 ubudala, kanti nezingulube ezejwayelekile ngalo nyaka zifinyelela esikhathini sokuthomba. Kungakapheli nenyanga, izingulube zingalunyulwa kusuka kowesifazane nowesifazane futhi.
Insikazi iletha izingulube ezingaba ngu-12, kwesinye isikhathi inzalo ingaba nkulu kakhulu futhi ifinyelele kwizingulube ezingama-21.
Izingulube ezi-Hybrid - Karmaly - zivundile.
Ama-piglets ama-hybrids anamandla futhi amakhudlwana ngokuqhathaniswa namazambane aseKorea. Uma ama-nzalo agcinwa ndawonye nezingulube zaseKorea, khona-ke ama-piglets aseKarmalov asanda kuzalwa ahlala edidekile "namaKorea amancane" amasonto amathathu.
Amapigogo ezingulubeni ezi-hybrid muhle kakhulu, anemibala. Owesifazane munye angaba namakhukhamba amnyama, anemibala, ansundu, grey namabala amabili. Kepha ngeminyaka, imichilo iyadlula. Umbala wabantu abadala onsundu, u-ashen noma omnyama.
Njengoba lo mfutho ubamba amakhaza, izingulube zingadedelwa endaweni ebiyelwe eneminyaka eyi-2 izinyanga, ziyozizwa zimnandi kuyo ngisho nasebusika, futhi azisoze zalimala.
Amapigogo akhula ngokushesha, awadingi izengezo zokudla. Eminyakeni engu-7 yezinsuku eziyisikhombisa sebevele badla utshani, kuthi ezinsukwini eziyi-14 banikezwe iphalishi.
Okwesikhathi esingunyaka nengxenye iKarmaly ithola ama-200 kg wesisindo, futhi inyama yayo inamafutha amancane kunezingulube ezejwayelekile.
Nambitha izimfanelo zenyama yeKarmalov
I-Karmaly luhlobo lwenyama, ngakho-ke akunamafutha amaningi enyameni. Eminyakeni engu-1.5 bathola isisindo esingu-150-200 kilos.
Inyama emaphaketheni iyancika futhi inejusi, inokunambitheka okuhle, ifana nesiphambano phakathi kwengulube ne-veal.
Noma ngabe kudliwa kakhulu ama-nzalo, ungqimba lwamafutha aluncane, ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlukaniswe kalula epulpiti.
Nasi isimemezelo se-03/22/2016 - 8-905-1311230 i-Vera - izintokazi ezinezinyanga ezintathu nengulube eyodwa ye-Karmal, ama-ruble ayi-3000 lilinye, iYaroslavl.
Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthenga izimbotshana zeKarmal, ungazama ukuzikhiphela i-Royal Karmal ngokwakho noma ngosizo lomfuyi wezingulube onokuhlangenwe nakho: udinga ukuthatha i-Vietnamese Boar futhi uyilethe kowesifazane uMangal, bese kuphela lapho uwela owesimame ophumele nge-Mangal yowesilisa.
Ngakho-ke, kuvela ukuthi i-Karmal ine-75% ye-Mangal, kanti ama-25% asele aqhamuka kohlobo lwe-Vietnamese. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ukudweba imigqa emibili yeKarmal ukuze iwele nayo.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi azikho izinhlobo zezingulube zaseKorea nezaseVietnam ezingamaceleni: lezi zinhlobo zezingulube zase-Asia herbivorous lop-side.
Ngicabanga ukuthi iKarmaly ilungele kakhulu ukuzalaniswa ku-ecopark. Kuzoba nobunzima obuthile lapho uthenga ama-piglets, kodwa ngithemba ukuthi kancane kancane kuzokwazi ukuthatha i-Karmalov ephezulu esezingeni eliphakeme.
Ngizokwandisa kancane inani leKarmalov. Kubalulekile ngonyaka wokuqala ukuthola ingulube yeKarmal, khona-ke ingasetshenziswa ngonyaka olandelayo ukuvundulula i-Karmal yowesifazane ethengiwe kwenye indawo - lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi kukhule umhlambi ngezingulube zakhe.
Ngeke ngiphinde nginciphise uKarmala Khryachkov: angathengiswa kwabanye abathandi beKarmal ukufaka umanyolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka uqonde i-1) yiphi inyama ebomvu kaKarmalov eqala ukuthola i-aftertaste emnandi, 2) kungenzeka ukuthi ngandlela thile ihlukanise i-aftertaste emnandi.
Ngeke nginqume imisila yeKarmalam: emadlelo amahhala, iKarmaly ngeke icindezelwe futhi ngeke iququde imisila yayo komunye nomunye.
Ngeke ngikhiphe izingcingo kuKarmalov: ziwusizo kubona ukuthola ukudla enhlabathini.
Ngithemba ukwenza ngaphandle kokubhoboza izindlebe, okungenani okokuqala. Ngonyaka wesibili ngizoqala ukulengisa amathegi amancane epulasitiki anezinombolo ezindlebeni zami. Zonke i-Karmalov zizorekhodwa esetafuleni elihlukile le-Excel.
Ngizoqukatha iKarmalov njengoba kuchaziwe ekhasini Izindlu zezingulube.
Ngimema wonke umuntu ukuthi azokhuluma Amazwana. Ngikwamukela futhi ngiyakwamukela ukugxekwa nokushintshwa kwesipiliyoni. Kumazwana amahle ngigcina isixhumanisi esizeni sombhali!
Futhi ungakhohlwa, chofoza izinkinobho zokuxhumana nomphakathi, ezitholakala ngaphansi kombhalo wekhasi ngalinye lesiza.
Ukuqhubeka lapha ...
Izici Key
Kulesi simo nge-karmal, kunzima ukukhipha izici ezijwayelekile, ngoba izindinganiso ezisemthethweni zohlobo lokuzala azikho. Nayi imininingwane eqoqwe kusuka kuzimpendulo zabahwebi nezincazelo zabazalisi:
Ipharamitha | Isici |
Isilwane | Ingulube |
Ukuzala (okuhlanganisiwe) | Karmal |
Uhlobo olukhiqizayo | Inyama |
Isisindo bukhoma sabadala | Isilinganiso sama-200-220 kg |
Ukuthomba kwezingulube | Izinyanga eziyisithupha |
Ukukhulelwa okuningi | 12 kuya ku-22 farrow |
Kufanele | Mnyama, i-ashen noma nsundu (futhi ibomvu futhi ibala) |
Bristles | Yinde, iqinile, kwesinye isikhathi ijika |
Umbala wesikhumba | Okumhlophe |
Isisindo sokuhlatshwa kwesisindo esingu-150 kg | Izinyanga eziyi-18 |
Ikhwalithi yenyama | Phezulu |
Inyama yesidumbu | Kufika kuma-85% |
Ukumelana nezifo | Phezulu |
Ukubhaliswa Kwirejista Yombuso Yezwe LaseRussia | Akufakiwe |
Imininingwane Yomsuka
Okokuqala, umbono wezingulube zeKarmal utholakala kuphela esikhaleni esikhuluma isiRussia (eRussia, Belarus nase-Ukraine). Ukusetshenziswa kwegama elithi “ukuzalanisa” kulokhu ngeke kuthathwe njengokulingene., ngakho-ke sikhuluma ngezilwane ezingumphumela oqondile wokuzala, okungukuthi, nzalo, futhi ezinganeni ezinjalo azikho izindinganiso ezichazwe kahle. Endabeni yekarmalas, akukho mininingwane engaqondakali mayelana nokuzalela okuhlanganyele esiphambanweni. Izizathu ziletha zombili amagama adidayo nasekwenzeni okuzenzakalelayo 'komsebenzi wokwalusa' izinhlobo ezintsha zezingulube.
Kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili zemvelaphi kubhekwa nzalo. Ngokusho kwabokuqala babo, abazali be-karmal babhekwa njengezingulube zohlobo lwe-herbivore yaseKorea neVietnam enamanga, kanti eyesibili - enye yalezi zinhlobo kanye ne-mangalitsa yaseHungary. Akunakwenzeka ukuqonda ukuthi iyiphi kulezi zinketho eyiqiniso ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:
- Ama-herbivore aseKorea namaVietnam ama-Viscous-belde angamadolo asondele kakhulu (lezi yizinhlobonhlobo zezingulube ze-herbivorous zase-Asia). Ngasikhathi sinye, “ama-Asians” ahlanzekile, asanda kungeniswa ezweni lethu, ayabizwa kancane. Ezindaweni eziningi ezifuywayo, njengomthetho, izidumbu zezinhlanganisela zalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zigcinwa. Inzalo ye "mestizos" etholakele inezici ezihlukile kakhulu, kepha ezingahambisani nezincazelo zokukhangisa zezimfanelo zamaphakethe,
- amapulazi omuntu nawokufuya avame ukuqukethe iziphambano ezahlukahlukene phakathi kwezinhlobo zase-Asia nezaseYurophu. Izingulube ezinjalo zibizwa nangokuthi "iVietnam" noma "isiKorea". Kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi yimuphi kubo ongaba abazali bezingulube ezi-hybrid,
- ngasizathu simbe, abafuyi abaningi abafuyi bezilwane ezifuywayo abazibiza ngokuthi "ama-braziers" hhayi izingulube zabesilisa zohlobo lweMangalitsa, kodwa inzalo yabaseVietnam enamacala angamanga, eyethula ukudideka okuningana encazelweni yabazali be-nzalo.
Ngokunokwenzeka, abazali bezingulube, abathengiswa ngaphansi kwegama elithi "amaphakethe ajwayelekile" ezweni lethu, bangabesifazane bezimpisi zase-Asia zezingulube ze-herbivorous (okusho ukuthi, kungenye yezinhlobo zalo ezitholakala epulazini lomthengisi) kanye nabesilisa be-mangalitsa yaseHungary.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, baphinda bathengise lokho okubizwa ngamaphakethe wasebukhosini - izinhlobo ezazithi, ukwahlulela ngokukhangisa, zitholwe kubantu besifazane “abajwayelekile” ngemuva kokubhincana ne-barbecue. Awekho amapulazi athembekile ngokuzalanisa ahlanganyela ekufuyeni nasekuthengiseni izingulube “zohlobo” okukhulunywa ngalo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthola imininingwane yeqiniso ngemvelaphi ye-nzalo.
Uma ufuna ukuthatha amaphakethe wamaphakethi wamaphakethi wokukhathala, gcina ukhumbula ukuthi lapho kungekho khona izindinganiso zabathengi kanye nomphakeli onokwethenjelwa, amathuba okuthenga izingane ezinemvelaphi engaziwa aphezulu kakhulu. Ugijima engcupheni yokuthola ukukhula okuncane kwekhwalithi engathandeki, futhi ukuthenga okunjalo kungabiza kakhulu. Ngenye indlela, ungazama ukuthola izinhlobo zohlobo lwabesifazane nezabesilisa ngokuzimela futhi uthole ngokuzimele inzalo kubo, kepha kuzoba ukulingwa kokuzalela okunemiphumela engalindeleki impela.
Izici ezisolwayo (ezifiselekayo) ze "zohlobo oluhle"
Ngokusho kwemithombo eminingi, izimfanelo zama-karmal piglets kanye nabantu abadala bayinhlanganisela yezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu abazitholile ezivela “kubazali” base-Asia naseHungary. Kusukela kokuqala, nzalo ethola ukuzala okuningi, izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zokubelethisa, imvelo ezolile, amandla okwakha izicubu zemisipha, ukudla ikakhulu udoti obuluhlaza notshani, futhi kusukela kwesibili - ijazi elifudumele likuvumela ukuthi uphile mahhala-kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu, nempilo enhle.
Ngokwezincazelo, lezi yizilwane ezinkulu ezinomzimba omude, omfishane, imilenze eqinile, isifuba esibanzi kanye ne-oblium enkulu. Umhlane uqondile noma umugqa omncane, isisu siqinile kakhulu. Ikhanda lincane, i-snout ithambile, intamo iminyene. Izindlebe zincanyana, ziqondile. Ama-bristles afana kakhulu noboya, kunalokho amade, aminyene, kwesinye isikhathi ajikeleze. Umbala wezingulube ezindala umnyama, u-ashen noma onsundu (ngokusho kweminye imithombo, kunabantu abomvu nabanabala). Umbala wesikhumba wawo wonke amaphakethe umhlophe. Isisindo esijwayelekile sokuhlwanyelwa kanye nezinqola kucishe kufane futhi kungama-200-220 kg.
Abamele lo mfuzo bakhula kusenesikhathi kakhulu. Izimpumputhe ziyakwazi ukuzala kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-4, kanti ezinyangeni eziyi-8 ezimweni eziningi sezivele zizala. Umhlwanyeli ubeletha ngaphandle kwezinkinga futhi unakekela ngokuphelele ukukhula okuncane. Abesifazane banobisi oluningi. Onke amantshontsho anokudla okwanele, noma ngabe "isidleke" sande kakhulu. Umqobelo ngamunye ubanga izingane eziyi-12 kuye kwezingu-22. Amapiglets azalwa eqinile futhi enempilo, yize encanyana.
Ngobudala, umbala we- "bhantshi" wezinguquko zezingulube ezisanda kuzalwa, futhi kancane kancane izingulube zithola umbala oqinile wabantu abadala. Ukukhula okusha akusheshe kakhulu: isisindo esifanele sokubulawa kwezingulube ezingama-150 sifinyelela unyaka owodwa nohhafu.
Amapigogo aqala ukudluliselwa kokuphakelwa kwabadala esemncane kakhulu. Kusukela ngosuku lwe-7 lokuphila banikeza utshani obuchotshoziwe, kusukela ngomhlaka 14 baqala ukwethula okusanhlamvu okulamanzi ekudleni. Izinsana zezinyanga zonke zilunyulwa kusuka ohlwanyelweni, okulesi sikhathi manje esilungele ukukhula kwazo. Owesifazane osekhulile angaletha ezingulube ezingama-50 ngonyaka.
Izinga lamaphakethe enyama lilinganiswe kakhulu. Ama-Connoisseurs akholelwa ukuthi le ngulube inambitha njenge-veal. Amaleya anamafutha esisindweni semisipha mncane kakhulu, njengoba kungqimba lwamafutha angaphansi. Isithelo senyama yesidumbu cishe 85%. Kulokhu, ngaphezu kwesigamu sokudla kwezilwane kungaba ekudleni okune-juicy kanye nohlaza obuluhlaza. Lapho kukhona uhla lwamahhala nemifino evuthiwe uqobo, izingulube ezikhuluphayo zibhekwa njengezindleko ezinkulu.
Izinzuzo zokuzala
Lezi zingulube ezi-hybrid zibonakala ngokukhula okusheshayo; ukuthomba kuqala ngezinsuku eziyi-115. Zinezinwele ezigobekile nezinwebekile. AmaKarmalas ahlobo lwenyama, inyama yawo inambitheka kahle. Izingulube ezi-Hybrid azizona ezimhlophe kokuqukethwe, zinokuzivikela okuhle kakhulu.
Izingulube ezi-Hybrid ziqinile futhi azibukeli kangako kunezijwayelekile.
Ngesikhathi sokudla, bahlala emhlambini, badle izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhambi notshani obujwayelekile. Bahlala emoyeni ovulekile unyaka wonke; ukulungiswa kwabo akudingi igumbi elifudumele. Usizo lapho kuzalwa inzalo aludingeki, ngaphezu kwalokho, abahlwanyeli bangomama abalungile.
Izingulube ezikhulayo ze-hybrid zishibhile kunezingulube ezejwayelekile, ngoba asikho isidingo sokwakha i-pigsty ehlukile, zizizwa zimnandi emgwaqweni, udinga nje uthango lwendawo ngenetha.
Ama-hybrid adliswa ikakhulukazi ngotshani, okusanhlamvu nemifino, ngalokhu kudla, umuntu ngamunye uzuza cishe ama-100 kg ngonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okusanhlamvu, hay kanye beet kukhona ekudleni kwabo. Izinhlamvu akudingeki nokuthi zibanjiswe, zingaba zingcolile futhi zinqunywe, ngoba inzalo inomgudu oqinile wokugaya ukudla nesisu. Zikhula ngokushesha ngisho noma zidliswa imfucuza.
AmaKarmalas ane-immune engaqinile ne-system yokugaya enamandla.
Ukungavikeleki kwama nzalo kungcono kakhulu kunaleyo yengulube yaseKorea kanye nesisu esinamandla ngokwengeziwe. Izilwane ezincane azikwazi ukugonywa.
Iziphakamiso zokulungiswa nokunakekelwa
Ukunakekela inzalo akudingi mzamo omkhulu nezindleko ezingadingekile. AmaKarmaly alalela, awuthambekele ekubeni namahloni, amhlophe kanye nezikhathi zokulwa. Izilwane zichitha iningi lesikhathi sazo ngaphandle, ngisho nangesikhathi sokubanda. Badinga i-pigsty kuphela ukuze bavikeleke emvuleni.
Inqubo yokupheka yenziwe lula kakhulu, njengoba izingulube ezinesifiso sokudla zidla okusanhlamvu okuchotshoziwe kanye nokudla okomile. Umnikazi angonga ngisho ezindlekweni kocingo lwamadlelo, aluzungeze ngegridi yensimbi ezigxotsheni ezikhanyayo: izingulube azenzi "dig" futhi ungazami ukulahla uthango. Ama-hybrid adla cishe noma yikuphi ukudla, angakulumi, futhi ngisho nokungcola kushiywe ezindaweni ezifanayo, okusiza kakhulu ukuhlanza.
Uma kubhekwa izincazelo, lezi zingulube zingabhekwa njengezilwane ezifanele zasemapulazini, ezilungele ukugcinwa cishe kuzo zonke izindawo zasepulazini. Ekubuyekezweni kwezingulube zeKarmal, abanye abanikazi ngokwengxenye baqinisekisa lokhu okutholakele. Ngeshwa izilinganiso eziningi azithembekile, ngoba ababhali babo ngokwabo abaqiniseki ukuthi baphakamisa abamele lolu hlobo oluthile lwezingulube.
Ngokufingqa, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi empeleni ubuhlalu bezingulube zaseKarmal abukabikho. Njengamanje, kunenqubo yokukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo kwezilwane ezincane ezi-hybrid, okuthi, njengomthetho, kuqhamuke ngenxa yokuwela izilwane ezingenawo amadokhumenti athembekile futhi ezingafinyeleli imigomo ye-pedigree eyaziwayo.Akekho kubanikazi abathengisa izingulube ezinjalo ongaqinisekisa ukuthi izici zezilwane ezithengiswayo zizogcinwa ezinzalweni zabo. Singathemba nje ukuthi amapulazi amakhulu okuzalanisa azobamba iqhaza ekukhethweni kwesayensi "kwezingulube ezinhle", ezinazo zonke izinzuzo ezichazwe ngenhla. Kunoma ikuphi, ukuzalaniswa kohlobo olunjalo kuyindaba yesikhathi esizayo esiseduze.
Ukuzalela emaphaketheni
AmaKarmalas ayakwazi ukuletha inzalo ngisho naseneminyaka engu-8 ubudala, kanti nezingulube ezejwayelekile ngalo nyaka zifinyelela esikhathini sokuthomba. Kungakapheli nenyanga, izingulube zingalunyulwa kusuka kowesifazane nowesifazane futhi. Owesifazane uletha izingulube ezingaba ngu-12, kwesinye isikhathi inzalo ingaba nkulu kakhulu futhi ifinyelele kwizingulube ezingama-21.
Izingulube ezi-Hybrid - emaphaketheni - zivundile.
Ama-piglets ama-hybrids anamandla futhi amakhudlwana ngokuqhathaniswa namazambane aseKorea. Uma ama-nzalo agcinwa ndawonye nezingulube zaseKorea, khona-ke izingulube ezisanda kuzalwa zivame ukudideka "namaKorea amancane" amasonto amathathu. Amapigogo ezingulubeni ezi-hybrid muhle kakhulu, anemibala. Owesifazane oyedwa angaba nezingulube ezimnyama, ezimthende, ezinsundu, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezingama-bicolor. Kepha ngeminyaka, imichilo iyadlula. Umbala wabantu abadala onsundu, u-ashen noma omnyama.
Njengoba lo mfutho ubamba amakhaza, izingulube zingadedelwa endaweni ebiyelwe eneminyaka eyi-2 izinyanga, ziyozizwa zimnandi kuyo ngisho nasebusika, futhi azisoze zalimala.
Amapigogo akhula ngokushesha, awadingi izengezo zokudla. Eminyakeni engu-7 yezinsuku eziyisikhombisa sebevele badla utshani, kuthi ezinsukwini eziyi-14 banikezwe iphalishi.
Unyaka nonyaka, amaphakethe athola ama-200 kg wesisindo, nenyama yawo inamafutha amancane kunezingulube ezejwayelekile.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
USvetlana, oneminyaka engama-38, uYelets
Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ngathenga amaphakethe amabili enyanga abesifazane abasebenza njalo ngenyanga. Bengifuna ukuzama ukuthola inzalo kubo, kuhle, omakhelwane babe nomuntu omdala we-boar-brazier. Ngesikhathi sokuthenga, izingulube zami zazicishe zifane, zahluka ngombala kuphela. Umthengisi wathi bavela kude. Manje izingulube sezinezinyanga eziyi-5 ubudala, futhi ezimnyama ziphawuleka ngokwedlula ezimpunga, yize ngizondla ngendlela efanayo, futhi nomthethosisekelo wazo uhlukile kakhulu. Zombili zinomsindo futhi zinomsindo. Musa ukuluma, ungaguli, thanda utshani kakhulu. Bangitshele ukuthi bangadla izifunxa ezomile, kepha ngikwenza abaxube abangamanzi. Cishe sonke isikhathi izingulube zichitha ekuhambeni (ku-aviary), zifika kuphela esibayeni zizolala. Abazimbangi ngaphansi kocingo, kepha amapulangwe enziwe ngokhuni lwezingulube ayenomunyu ngokuphelele. Ngokuvamile, yonke into izolunga, kepha nginokungabaza okukhulu ngekusasa labo. Uma izingulube ezivela kudoti owodwa zithole ukusakazeka kwezimfanelo okunjalo, kuzokwenzekani enzalweni yabo? Noma kunjalo, ngizozama ukwenzeka nge-barbecue. Mhlawumbe kuzophuma into ebaluleke, kungenjalo isihawu imali esetshenzisiwe.
U-Igor, oneminyaka engama-54 ubudala, esifundeni iTver
Ngokubona kwami, lokhu kuzalaniswa kukhulu kakhulu. Ngithathe ephaketheni ngiyohlolwa eminyakeni emithathu edlule. Ngaphezu kwesimo esinokuthula, uthando lokuhamba nekhono lokudla wonke imifino ngokulandelana awuzange uqaphele ezinye izinzuzo. Ingulube yakhula kancane, yize yaqhuma "esiswini". Ngezinyanga eziyi-8, besinesisindo esingaphezu kwama-70 kg. Wayenenkinga ngokugaya okusanhlamvu (ngisho nangendlela okusanhlamvu kusuka kokuchotshoziwe): cishe yonke into yahamba yawa. Inyama ngemuva kokuba ihlatshwe yaphenduka yaba mnama futhi inambitheka, kuyadabukisa ukuthi bekungekho okuningi kuyo. Kuyavela ukuthi noma imininingwane emayelana nalolu hlobo lokuzalela ayilona iqiniso kakhulu, noma umthengisi uthele ngegobela kolunye uhlobo kimi. Vele, ngingathanda ukuba nezingulube zamanyama ezijwayelekile, ezingazikhumbuli, ezomnotho, njll. Kepha, ngokusobala, kufanele ngilinde kuze kufike ukukhula okuncane emapulazini ama-pedigree. Ngeke ngiphinde ngithenge okuvela ezandleni zami: izingulube ziyabiza, futhi umphumela wokulindwayo awuphileli okulindelwe.
UMaxim, oneminyaka engama-40 ubudala, iTernopol
Ngazithanda izingulube zeKarmal. Wathatha bobabili abajwayelekile nabasebukhosini. Ukhathele ekudleni okungokwemvelo, wakhula wafika kuma-300 kg. Ukunakekelwa nokondliwa akuyona into exakayo. Ama-Omnivores, empeleni awaguli noma ngaphandle kokugoma, ohlwanyelwa azala yedwa ngaphandle kosizo. Abesabi ukushisa nokubanda, ebusika ijazi liba lide futhi likhulu.
Ividiyo
Uma kungenazo izindinganiso ezijwayelekile zezingulube ezifuywayo ezikhuliswe ngabanikazi abahlukahlukene, ungabona amavidiyo alandelayo:
Uthole iziqu kwi-Institute of Applied Mathematics. I-Ordzhonikidze. Ngokukhethekile kwakhe okukhulu, ngunjiniyela wezemayini-geophysicist, okusho umuntu onomqondo wokuhlaziya nezintshisekelo ezahlukahlukene. Nginendlu yami edolobhaneni (ngokulandelana, isipiliyoni sokutshala izingadi, ukulima izingadi, ukukhula kwamakhowe, kanye nokuphikisana ngezilwane ezifuywayo nezinkukhu). I-Freelancer, maqondana nemisebenzi yakhe, ofuna ukwenza izinto ngokuphelele futhi "wathwala." Isithandwa esenziwe ngesandla, umakhi wobucwebe obukhethekile obenziwe ngamatshe nobuhlalu. Umemukeli onothando ngezwi eliphrintiwe futhi uqaphela inhlonipho yakho konke okuphilayo nokuphefumulayo.
Uthole iphutha? Khetha umbhalo ngegundwane bese ucindezela:
Kusuka kumatamatisi we-varietal ungathola imbewu "yakho" yokutshala ngonyaka olandelayo (uma izinhlobonhlobo zithanda ngempela). Kepha akusizi ngalutho ukwenza lokhu ngenhlanganisela ehlanyelwe: imbewu izotholwa, kepha izothwala impahla eyifa lesitshalo abayithathile, kodwa “yokhokho” bayo abaningi.
Izwe lepelepele yiMelika, kepha umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuzalela ukutshala izinhlobonhlobo zokwenza ubumnandi wenziwa, ikakhulukazi, nguFerenc Horvath (Hungary) ngawo-1920s. I-XX century eYurophu, ikakhulukazi emazweni aseBalkan. U-Pepper weza eRussia evela eBulgaria, ngakho-ke yathola igama layo elijwayelekile - "isiBulgaria".
Ubuthi bemvelo butholakala ezitshalweni eziningi, futhi lezo ezitshalwe ezingadini nasezivandeni zemifino nazo zihlukile. Ngakho-ke, emathanjeni ama-apula, ama-apricots, ama-petshisi kukhona i-hydrocyanic (cyanide) acid, kanti eziqongweni kanye ne-peel of solanaceous engaxuthiwe (amazambane, isitshalo seqanda, utamatisi) - i-solanine. Kepha ungesabi: inani labo lincane kakhulu.
Kuyadingeka ukuqoqa izimbali zokwelapha kanye nama-inflorescence ekuqaleni kwenkathi yezimbali, lapho okuqukethwe kwezakhi kuzo kuphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Izimbali kufanele zidwengulwe izandla, zephule ama-pedicel aluhlaza. Izimbali ezomile neziqoqiwe, kufafazwa ngesendlalelo esincanyana, egumbini elipholile lokushisa lemvelo ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
Okusha kubathuthukisi baseMelika yirobert yaseTertill, ekhula ukhula engadini. Le divayisi yasungulwa ngaphansi kokuholwa nguJohn Downes (umakhi we-robot vacuum cleaner) futhi isebenza ngokuzimele kuzo zonke izimo zezulu, ihamba endaweni engalingani ngamasondo. Ngasikhathi sinye, usika zonke izitshalo ezingaphansi kuka-3 cm nge-trimmer eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Umquba - izinsalela ze-organic zemvelo zemvelaphi ehlukahlukene. Ungayenza kanjani Konke kuhlanganiswe ngenqwaba, emgodini noma ebhokisini elikhulu: izinsalela zasekhishini, iziqalo zezilimo zasensimini, ukhula olunqunywe kwezimbali, amagatsha amancanyana. Konke lokhu kuhlanganiswe ne-phosphate rock, kwesinye isikhathi utshani, umhlaba noma i-peat. (Ezinye izakhamizi zasehlobo zengeza ama-accelerator akhethekile wokuqamba.) Mboza ngefilimu. In the process of overheating, a group of frequent or tiredous or piercired of the flow of a fresh air. Ngokuvamile umquba "uvuthwa" iminyaka emi-2, kepha ngezithasiselo zesimanje zingahle zilungele inkathi eyodwa ehlobo.
Izinhlobo ezingama-“anti-Frost” ezingafani nama-sitrobheli wasengadini (imvamisa nje “ama-sitrobheli”) nazo zidinga indawo yokukhosela njengezinhlobo ezijwayelekile (ikakhulukazi kulezo zifunda lapho ebusika noma iqhwa lihlangana khona namathanga). Wonke ama-sitrobheli anezimpande ezingekho emthethweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela bayabanda. Ukuqinisekiswa kwabathengisi ukuthi ama-sitrobheli asendle "awamelana neqhwa", "ubusika obuqinile", "kubekezelela iqhwa kuze kufike ku-−35 ℃", njll., Kuyinkohliso. Abalimi kumele bakhumbule ukuthi akekho oye wakwazi ukushintsha uhlelo lwezimpande lwama-sitrobheli.
E-Australia, ososayensi baqala ucwaningo lokuhlanganisa izinhlobo zamagilebhisi ezikhula ezindaweni ezibandayo. Ukushisa kwesimo sezulu, okubikezelwa iminyaka engama-50 ezayo, kuzoholela ekunyamalaleni kwabo. Izinhlobo zase-Australia zinezimpawu ezinhle kakhulu zokwenza i-winemaking futhi azithinteki ezifweni ezivamile eYurophu naseMelika.
Enye yezindlela ezilula kakhulu zokulungisa isivuno esikhulile semifino, izithelo namajikijolo yiqhwa. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi iqhwa liholela ekulahlekelweni kwezakhiwo ezinomsoco futhi ezinenzuzo zokudla kwezitshalo. Njengomphumela wezifundo, ososayensi bathola ukuthi cishe akukho ukwehla kwenani lokudla okubandayo phakathi nokuqandisa.
Umlando womsuka
Ama-Karmalas akhiwa ngenxa yokuwela izigaba eziningi. Ngemuva kolwazi lwe-brazier lowesifazane kanye ne-boar yasendle, i-hybrid yakhiwa, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yahambisana nengulube yengulube yase-herbivore yaseKorea.
Njengomphumela wokuqothuka, kwazalwa izingulube, kuhlanganisa amandla nokuvikelwa ezifweni ze-boar yemvelo, ukubukeka okungathandeki kwama-barbecue aseHungary kanye nokuzola okumangalisayo kwe-Asia yangempela.
Incazelo yokuzala
Umbala ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kukaKarmal piglets ungacishe ube yilutho:
Izici ezingaphandle kwama-piglets e-hybrid:
- ikhanda lincane maqondana nobude bomzimba,
- ukubandlulula sekuphakeme, izindlebe zincane,
- intamo - incishisiwe futhi inamandla,
- umhlane nesifuba kubanzi, kukhona okhalweni olukhulu,
- isikhumba simhlophe futhi,
- kubantu abadala, imilenze imfishane kunobude obujwayelekile, eqinile futhi inemisipha.
- isinqe siyisicaba,
Isici semaphakethi yizinwele zabo ezithile.
Ijazi elincanyana le-wavy ne-undercoat eminyene ivumela izingulube ukuthi zigcinwe ngaphandle kwegumbi elifudumele ngisho nakwaqhwa obunzima. Izilwane zizizwa zikhululekile emoyeni ovulekile kunoma yiliphi izinga lokushisa - kokubanda kakhulu nasehlobo ehlobo.
Ama-hybrids ahlukaniswa impilo enhle kakhulu ayizuza njengezingulube zasendle.
Ukumelana nanoma imuphi umehluko wesimo sezulu nokuzivikela okungagugi yizici ezenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhulisa izimbotshana kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe futhi kwenziwe ngaphandle kwezindlela ezengeziwe zokwelapha izilwane ezincane.
Ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kwamaphakethe kungenye into ehlukanisa lolu hlobo. Ukuvuthwa ngokobulili kwabesifazane kwenzeka esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinyanga ezi-4.
Kudlula izinsuku eziyi-115 kuphela kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwengulube kuya ekuthini kungenzeka ikhule kuqala; ngasikhathi sinye, ukuthinta kuyaqhubeka. Ngakho-ke, inzalo ingatholakala ohlwanyelweni olunezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili.
Ama-piglets asanda kuzalwa athola kakhulu isisindo somzimba, ngonyaka izisindo zawo zingafinyelela ku-100-120 kg. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-metabolism ephoqiwe ayivumeli ama-karmalas ukuthi aqongelele inani elithile lamafutha - isilinganiso samaphesenti senyama namaqhezu wamafutha ngama-85% kuya ku-15%.
Abesilisa abadala bafika ngaphezu kuka-195 cm.
Izinhlobo
Ama-Karmals, ngokuya nge-oda lokuwela izinhlobo ezahlukile, ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: ezejwayelekile, zasebukhosini. I-karmal ejwayelekile ikhiqizwa ngenxa yokuhlanganisa iklabishi kanye nengulube yaseKorea enolwandle, kuyilapho eyasebukhosini idinga umsebenzi owengeziwe wokuzalela.
Ama-hybrid atholakala "emshadweni" we-mangalitsa ne-boar yaseKorea kamuva alinganise ngoshiziba ogcwele. Amaphakethe wasebukhosini ahlukaniswa ngesilinganiso esithe xaxa sokukhuluphala nezindawo eziphakeme zenyama ephumayo.
Namuhla akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi izici eziyinhloko zokuzalela kwamaphakethe zakhiwa ngokuphelele, njengoba abafuyi bezinkomo baqhubeka nomsebenzi wokuthuthukisa lezi zingulube.
Izindleko zingaqala kusuka kuma-ruble angama-3500-4000. yengulube encane.
Ukubuyekezwa
Ngokusho kwabalimi, izinzuzo zalokhu kuzalanisa zifaka:
- umoya opholile - izingulube ziziphatha kahle ngokuzolile ngamadlelo amahhala nasepeni,
- ukuvuthwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi - isithonjana sitholakala njalo ezinyangeni ezi-8-9,
- umkhiqizo - kwilitha elilodwa uhlwanyayo uletha amazinyane angama-20,
- ukungathobeki kokuphakelayo - i-hybrid iyakwazi ukunika inzuzo enhle ngisho nangokubekwa phambili kwengxenye yamakhambi ekudleni,
- impilo enhle - isisu esinamandla sigaya noma yikuphi ukudla, futhi ukuzivikela komzimba okuqinile kunomthelela ekuqineni nasekuvumeni kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokutheleleka,
- Amaphesenti aphezulu esivuno senyama ngesikhathi kuhlatshwa - ngenxa yokukhanya okuncane kwamathambo, amaphakethe anikeza umniniwo ngama-80-85% wesithelo senyama sesisindo bukhoma sengulube.
Ukukhiqiza inyama
Ingulube etholwe ngemuva kokubulala i-karmal isondelene nokunambitheka kwi-veal entsha yethenda. Izendlalelo ezincanyana nezilinganayo ze-bacon zinika inyama imiphumela emangazayo, eyenza lo mkhiqizo ulungele ukwenza ubhekeni.
Izinkomba zesilinganiso samandla nenani lokudla kwengulube yile ndlela elandelayo:
Ngokungeziwe kokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini e-B-group, inyama yekarmal ingabizwa ngokuthi irekhodi lokugcina inani lamaminerali abalulekile - selenium (26%) ne-zinc (16%) nama-amino acid abalulekile.
Ngakho-ke, nge-100 g yama-akhawunti enyama afinyelela kuma-44% we-vineine, ama-66% we-histidine, ama-52% we-tryptophan ne-threonine. Leli qiniso lenza ukuthi amaphakethe engulube angagcini nje okumnandi, kepha futhi azuzisa kakhulu empilweni yomuntu.
Ungqimba lwamafutha asemaphaketheni lincane, i-lard itholakala kalula engxenyeni yenyama. Isikhumba simhlophe, sibonisa ubuqili nokuthambile.
Ngenxa yokuthi amaphakethe awenzelwe ukuhlakulela isikhathi eside, amanoni wezingulube ezincane ahlala epulasitiki, ancibilike kahle futhi abe nokunambitheka nephunga elimnandi.
Ukondla
Ukondla amaphakethe akubangeli ubunzima. Ukucaciswa kwalokhu kuzalanisa kwe-hybrid kulele emsebenzini oyingqayizivele wephephabhuku lesisu, elenza ukuthi libhekane naluphi uhlobo lokuphakelwa.
Ngokuhambisana nobudala, izilwane ezincane kufanele zondliwe ngokuya ngohlelo olulandelayo:
Ubudala bezingulube | Imodi yamandla |
Kusuka ekuzalweni kuya ezinsukwini eziyi-7 | Tshala ubisi |
7 kuya kwezingu-15 izinsuku | Utshani obuluhlaza |
Ngaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-15 | Ukushintshela ekudalweni Kwabantu Abadala |
Lapho izingulube zifinyelela amasonto amabili eminyaka, zingadluliselwa ekunakekelweni kwabantu abadala. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izingxenye ezintsha kufanele zethulwe kancane kancane, kuqashwe isimo sengane.
Kungcono ukwengeza imikhiqizo ngokulandelana okulandelayo:
- imifino enosiwe enoshukela - ithanga, izaqathe, beet,
- iphalishi elibilisiwe noma elinamafutha,
- amazambane abilisiwe - hhayi ngaphambi kwamaviki amathathu,
- okuphakelayo okugxilile.
Ngaphezu kwesisekelo sokudla - utshani obuluhlaza (ebusika - hay), izingulube zinganikezwa okusanhlamvu okuchotshoziwe, imifino elula nezithelo.
Iseluleko! Lapho kukhula ama-carmols asemasha, ukusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo ezikhethekile zokudla akudingeki - inani elifanele lezakhi zama-piglets litholakala ngokudla okujwayelekile.
I-karmal yabantu abadala
Ukungazithobi namaphakethe amangalisayo - isici salokhu kuzalanisa, okwenza ukugcina izingulube zilula kakhulu futhi zingabi umthwalo.
Ekudleni kwengulube endala kungenzeka ukuthi ikhona:
- okusanhlamvu okuchotshoziwe
- iphalishi elithosiwe
- imfucuza yokudla engonakalisiwe,
- imifino eluhlaza nobilisiwe,
- ama-acorn, ama-apula.
Ama-Karmals anika inzuzo enhle ngisho nokudla okunganambitheki kakhulu - utshani obukhulu bokusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu. Ngenxa yobukhona bezingulube ezine-herbivorous esihlahleni somndeni, ukuba khona kwezakhi ezibizayo ekudleni kwamaphakethe kuyinto eyeqile.
Ukuze uthole inyama enoshukela futhi enambitheka ngokwedlulele, izilwane zinikezwa imikhiqizo yobisi nemifino yejusi. Yize kunamaphakethi angenakubekelwa phansi kokuqukethwe kwesondli, akunqweneleki ukusebenzisa ukudla okunamabanga aphansi njengekhekhe lamafutha, isidlo sezinhlanzi, u-soya lapho usuthisa.
Ukuba khona kokudla okunjalo ekudleni kuzoholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwezimfanelo zabathengi zenyama nokubukeka kwe-aftertaste enobuntu.
Uma umnikazi engakwazi ukuletha i-karmal ngokudla okwanele kwemvelo, okusanhlamvu nama-greens, okuphakelayo okugxilekile kuzomsiza. Kulokhu, imigomo yokudla olinganiselayo kufanele ibonwe.
Uhlobo lomkhiqizo | Yabelana ekudleni kwansuku zonke,% |
Okuphakelayo okuphikisayo | 70 |
Imifino eluhlaza | 20 |
Ukupheka kwamathambo noma inhlanzi | 5 |
Ufulawa kabhontshisi, i-bran | 5 |
Umkhiqizo ongcono kakhulu wamaphakethe ungukudla kwemvelo. Ukuphakelwa okugxilekile akumele kudlule isilinganiso esibekiwe futhi kungakuhle ukuwusebenzisa ebusika, lapho kungenzeki ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yemvelo.
Ukugcwalisa ukusilela kwezinto ezimbiwa phansi, kunconywa ukuthi amaKarmalas anikezwe ushoko kanye nenani elincane likasawoti wethebula. Ebusika, ungasebenzisa izithasiselo ezikhethekile zokudla kwamavithamini.
Izifo nokwelashwa kwazo
Izinhlobo zezingulube zeKarmaly ziyamelana nezifo eziningi zezingulube, ngakho-ke azidingi ukugonywa okuphoqelekile.
Kodwa-ke, ukuvimbela ubuthi kanye nokutheleleka, kubalulekile ukunikeza izilwane kuphela ukudla okungokwemvelo nokusha, kanye nokuqhuba ukuhlanza nokusebenza ngesikhathi.
Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, kubalulekile ngezikhathi ezithile ukuthi unikeze izingulube isixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate esikhundleni samanzi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezilwaneni ezincane.
Umsuka wezingulube zeKarmal
Ama-Karmalas akhiwa ngenxa yokuwela izigaba eziningi. Ngemuva kolwazi lwe-brazier lowesifazane kanye ne-boar yasendle, i-hybrid yakhiwa, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yahambisana nengulube yengulube yase-herbivore yaseKorea. Njengomphumela wokuqothuka, kwazalwa izingulube, kuhlanganisa amandla nokuvikelwa ezifweni ze-boar yemvelo, ukubukeka okungathandeki kwama-barbecue aseHungary kanye nokuzola okumangalisayo kwe-Asia yangempela.
Amaparele akweletwa yi-grill yamalahle
I-Karmaly, ngokuya nge-oda lokuwela izinhlobo ezahlukile, ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili:
I-karmal ejwayelekile ikhiqizwa ngenxa yokuhlanganisa iklabishi kanye nengulube yaseKorea enolwandle, kuyilapho eyasebukhosini idinga umsebenzi owengeziwe wokuzalela. Ama-hybrid atholakala "emshadweni" we-mangalitsa ne-boar yaseKorea kamuva alinganise ngoshiziba ogcwele. Amaphakethe wasebukhosini ahlukaniswa ngesilinganiso esithe xaxa sokukhuluphala nezindawo eziphakeme zenyama ephumayo.
AmaKarmalas aboniswa izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu ezivela kokhokho bawo
Namuhla akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi izici eziyinhloko zokuzalela kwamaphakethe zakhiwa ngokuphelele, njengoba abafuyi bezinkomo baqhubeka nomsebenzi wokuthuthukisa lezi zingulube.
Izici ezijwayelekile zohlobo lokuzalela
Ukuvela kwemvelaphi ye-hybrid kugcizelelwa yizici zokuzalwa zesici salolu hlobo lokuzalela:
- ukubhekisisa inyama
- ukungathobeki kokuphakelayo namandla okugcwala ngezingxenye ezincane,
- ukungavikeleki kwezifo ezijwayelekile zezingulube,
- ukubekezelela izimo ezahlukahlukene zokushisa,
- ukukhulelwa okuningi kanye nokuthi kungenzeka ukuzala okwalandela emavikini ama-4 ukuya kwezi-5,5 emva kokukhipha isisu,
- ukuntuleka kokubonakaliswa okunolaka kwezinye izilwane, izinyoni, abantu,
- ukushesha
- iqoqo lokuphoqelelwa lenyama ngesikhathi esifushane.
IKarmala ngeke ididaniswe nabamele enye inzalo
Izici ezithile
Ukuvela kwamaphakethi kuyinto exotic kakhulu, lokhu kuzalanisa kunzima ukudida noma ukungaboni.
Izici ezingaphandle kwama-piglets e-hybrid:
- ikhanda lincane maqondana nobude bomzimba,
- ukubandlulula sekuphakeme, izindlebe zincane,
- intamo - incishisiwe futhi inamandla,
- umhlane nesifuba kubanzi, kukhona okhalweni olukhulu,
- isikhumba simhlophe futhi,
- kubantu abadala, imilenze imfishane kunobude obujwayelekile, eqinile futhi inemisipha.
I-karmala yesifazane iyakwazi ukuzala izingane njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-8
Isici semaphakethi yizinwele zabo ezithile. Ijazi elincanyana le-wavy ne-undercoat eminyene ivumela izingulube ukuthi zigcinwe ngaphandle kwegumbi elifudumele ngisho nakwaqhwa obunzima. Izilwane zizizwa zikhululekile emoyeni ovulekile kunoma yiliphi izinga lokushisa - kokubanda kakhulu nasehlobo ehlobo.
Ama-hybrids ahlukaniswa impilo enhle kakhulu ayizuza njengezingulube zasendle. Ukumelana nanoma imuphi umehluko wesimo sezulu nokuzivikela okungagugi yizici ezenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhulisa izimbotshana kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe futhi kwenziwe ngaphandle kwezindlela ezengeziwe zokwelapha izilwane ezincane.
Ijazi elincanyana nempilo enhle kakhulu ivumela ama-karmalas ukuba enze ngaphandle kwe-pigsty efudumele
Ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kwamaphakethe kungenye into ehlukanisa lolu hlobo. Ukuvuthwa ngokobulili kwabesifazane kwenzeka esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinyanga ezi-4. Kudlula izinsuku eziyi-115 kuphela kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwengulube kuya ekuthini kungenzeka ikhule kuqala; ngasikhathi sinye, ukuthinta kuyaqhubeka. Ngakho-ke, inzalo ingatholakala ohlwanyelweni olunezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngenyanga yokuqala yokuphila, ingulube iyakwazi ukukhula ibe ngama-60 cm ubude, bese isisindo sayo sifinyelela kumakhilogremu ayi-16-20.
Ama-piglets we-Karmal adla ubisi lukamama kuze kube unyaka wesonto elilodwa.
Ama-piglets asanda kuzalwa athola kakhulu isisindo somzimba, ngonyaka izisindo zawo zingafinyelela ku-100-120 kg. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-metabolism ephoqiwe ayivumeli ama-karmalas ukuthi aqongelele inani elithile lamafutha - isilinganiso samaphesenti senyama namaqhezu wamafutha ngama-85% kuya ku-15%.
Izici zokunambitha zenyama namafutha
Ingulube etholwe ngemuva kokubulala i-karmal isondelene nokunambitheka kwi-veal entsha yethenda. Izendlalelo ezincanyana nezilinganayo ze-bacon zinika inyama imiphumela emangazayo, eyenza lo mkhiqizo ulungele ukwenza ubhekeni.
Inyama yamaphakethe empeleni ayiqukethe amanoni futhi inokuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhalori
Ungenza ubhekeni ofanele kusuka emaphaketheni enyama
Ngokungeziwe kokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini e-B-group, inyama yekarmal ingabizwa ngokuthi irekhodi lokugcina inani lamaminerali abalulekile - selenium (26%) ne-zinc (16%) nama-amino acid abalulekile. Ngakho-ke, nge-100 g yama-akhawunti enyama afinyelela kuma-44% we-vineine, ama-66% we-histidine, ama-52% we-tryptophan ne-threonine. Leli qiniso lenza ukuthi amaphakethe engulube angagcini nje okumnandi, kepha futhi azuzisa kakhulu empilweni yomuntu.
Ungqimba lwamafutha asemaphaketheni lincane, i-lard itholakala kalula engxenyeni yenyama. Isikhumba simhlophe, sibonisa ubuqili nokuthambile. Ngenxa yokuthi amaphakethe awenzelwe ukuhlakulela isikhathi eside, amanoni wezingulube ezincane ahlala epulasitiki, ancibilike kahle futhi abe nokunambitheka nephunga elimnandi.
Amaphakethe wezingulube anikela empilweni yomzimba ngenxa yokuqhakanjiswa kwawo okune-vitamin and mineral
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kokuzalela
Umsebenzi wabazalanisi ekwakhiweni kokuzalelwa kwe-hybrid kuholele empumelelweni emangalisayo - amaphakethe athola izimfanelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezivela kubazali bawo bokuqala:
- umoya opholile - izingulube ziziphatha kahle ngokuzolile ngamadlelo amahhala nasepeni,
- ukuvuthwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi - isithonjana sitholakala njalo ezinyangeni ezi-8-9,
- umkhiqizo - kwilitha elilodwa uhlwanyayo uletha amazinyane angama-20,
- ukungathobeki kokuphakelayo - i-hybrid iyakwazi ukunika inzuzo enhle ngisho nangokubekwa phambili kwengxenye yamakhambi ekudleni,
- impilo enhle - isisu esinamandla sigaya noma yikuphi ukudla, futhi ukuzivikela komzimba okuqinile kunomthelela ekuqineni nasekuvumeni kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokutheleleka,
- Amaphesenti aphezulu esivuno senyama ngesikhathi kuhlatshwa - ngenxa yokukhanya okuncane kwamathambo, amaphakethe anikeza umniniwo ngama-80-85% wesithelo senyama sesisindo bukhoma sengulube.
Isikhwama se-pocket sifinyelela usayizi ojwayelekile ngonyaka owodwa ubudala
Amaphakethe okuzala enza umsebenzi oncomekayo kwezomnotho - izindleko zokuthola nokugcina izilwane ezincane zikhokha ngonyaka wokuqala wamaphakethe akhulayo. Lokhu kusungulwa yizinga eliphansi lezindleko zokuthengwa kwezindleko ezibizayo, ukwakhiwa kwengulube efudumele, ukugoma kanye nokwelashwa kwezingulube. Lapho uthengisa amaphakethe enyama, ithegi yamanani idlula kakhulu izindleko zenyama yengulube ejwayelekile, ngakho-ke inzuzo enkulu icatshangelwa ngemuva kwenzalo yokuqala.
Izingulube zePocket azidingi izithasiselo ezikhethekile zokuphakela lapho zikhula
Izimo zokuboshwa
Ukuba khona kwe-pedigree yamaphakethe wezingulube zasendle kunqunywa kakhulu yizimo zokugcina abamele lolu hlobo lwe-hybrid - akudingekile ngabo ukuhlomisa i-pigsty ehlukile, ngoba izizwa ingcono esibayeni emoyeni ovulekile. Kusukela eneminyaka emibili izinyanga, izingulube ziyajabula ukuba sezinkomeni zomhlambi endaweni ebiyelwe.
Ngasikhathi sinye, azidingi indawo ebanzi - izilwane ezincane zikubekezelela kalula okuqukethwe kwazo ezindizeni, lapho sezikhulile zidinga indawo encane ebiyelwe ngokuzungeza umngcele ngethala lensimbi noma ngezinsimbi zokhuni.
Kumaphakethi asekhulile ungahlomisa i-corral encane nge-aviary
Amaphakethe anomqondo owakheke kahle wokukopota - akhetha ukuhlala azungezwe yizihlobo zawo, akhethe umholi womhlambi. Ukuze ushayele izingulube egumbini, kwanele ukuthumela umholi lapho - kanti nezingulube zizomlandela ngesizotha.
E-corral evulekile, kungakuhle ukubeka iziqukathi zamanzi ne-feeder, yize ehlobo, amaphakethe ekwazi ukudla amadlelo - utshani bensimu nemifino eluhlaza. Amapigogo ayizilwane ezihlanzekile, ngakho-ke kudingeka anikezwe ithangi lokubhukuda.
Ngamadlelo amahhala, amaphakethe akhetha ukugcina umhlambi
Kuyathakazelisa! Ukuvikela ezifweni zamaphakethe amancane, kusetshenziswa i-oyili yezimoto esetshenzisiwe, engezwa emthonjeni wezingulube zokugeza.
Ukufihlakala kokunakekelwa kwengulube
Ngemuva kokutholwa, ama-piglets kufanele abekwe esibayeni esincane. Bayoba lapho kuze kube yilapho befika eminyakeni engu-1.5-2 yezinyanga, lapho sebengadedelwa endle. Ukuze uvikele izingulube ezisencane ezifweni, kungakuhle ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi igumbi selomile futhi okusalungiswa akukho. Ezinyangeni ezifudumele, ungakwazi ukunamathisela i-aviary encane eduze kwe-pigsty ukuze izingulube zikwazi ukudlela ngaphandle phakathi nosuku.
AmaKarmalas kusukela ebuntwaneni athanda ukudla utshani obuluhlaza
Ukondla amaphakethe akubangeli ubunzima. Ukucaciswa kwalokhu kuzalanisa kwe-hybrid kulele emsebenzini oyingqayizivele wephephabhuku lesisu, elenza ukuthi libhekane naluphi uhlobo lokuphakelwa.
Ngokuhambisana nobudala, izilwane ezincane kufanele zondliwe ngokuya ngohlelo olulandelayo:
Ubudala bezingulube | Imodi yamandla |
---|---|
Kusuka ekuzalweni kuya ezinsukwini eziyi-7 | Tshala ubisi |
7 kuya kwezingu-15 izinsuku | Utshani obuluhlaza |
Ngaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-15 | Ukushintshela ekudalweni Kwabantu Abadala |
Imfucuza yokudla nemifino ebilisiwe emaphaketheni - ukudla okuthandayo
Lapho izingulube zifinyelela amasonto amabili eminyaka, zingadluliselwa ekunakekelweni kwabantu abadala. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izingxenye ezintsha kufanele zethulwe kancane kancane, kuqashwe isimo sengane. Kungcono ukwengeza imikhiqizo ngokulandelana okulandelayo:
- imifino enosiwe enoshukela - ithanga, izaqathe, beet,
- iphalishi elibilisiwe noma elinamafutha,
- amazambane abilisiwe - hhayi ngaphambi kwamaviki amathathu,
- okuphakelayo okugxilile.
Ngaphezu kwesisekelo sokudla - utshani obuluhlaza (ebusika - hay), izingulube zinganikezwa okusanhlamvu okuchotshoziwe, imifino elula nezithelo.
Okusanhlamvu emaphaketheni akunakubanjwa, kepha kunikezwe ngendlela echotshoziwe
Ungayondla kanjani i-karmal endala
Ukungazithobi namaphakethe amangalisayo - isici salokhu kuzalanisa, okwenza ukugcina izingulube zilula kakhulu futhi zingabi umthwalo. Ekudleni kwengulube endala kungenzeka ukuthi ikhona:
- okusanhlamvu okuchotshoziwe
- iphalishi elithosiwe
- imfucuza yokudla engonakalisiwe,
- imifino eluhlaza nobilisiwe,
- ama-acorn, ama-apula.
Ama-Karmals anika inzuzo enhle ngisho nokudla okunganambitheki kakhulu - utshani obukhulu bokusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu. Ngenxa yobukhona bezingulube ezine-herbivorous esihlahleni somndeni, ukuba khona kwezakhi ezibizayo ekudleni kwamaphakethe kuyinto eyeqile. Ukuze uthole inyama enoshukela futhi enambitheka ngokwedlulele, izilwane zinikezwa imikhiqizo yobisi nemifino yejusi.
Yize kunamaphakethi angenakubekelwa phansi kokuqukethwe kwesondli, akunqweneleki ukusebenzisa ukudla okunamabanga aphansi njengekhekhe lamafutha, isidlo sezinhlanzi, u-soya lapho usuthisa. Ukuba khona kokudla okunjalo ekudleni kuzoholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwezimfanelo zabathengi zenyama nokubukeka kwe-aftertaste enobuntu.
Ukuthola amaphakethe enyama amnandi ezilwane kufanele ondliwe ngokulinganayo
Uma umnikazi engakwazi ukuletha i-karmal ngokudla okwanele kwemvelo, okusanhlamvu nama-greens, okuphakelayo okugxilekile kuzomsiza. Kulokhu, imigomo yokudla olinganiselayo kufanele ibonwe.
Uhlobo lomkhiqizo | Yabelana ekudleni kwansuku zonke,% |
---|---|
Okuphakelayo okuphikisayo | 70 |
Imifino eluhlaza | 20 |
Ukupheka kwamathambo noma inhlanzi | 5 |
Ufulawa kabhontshisi, i-bran | 5 |
Umkhiqizo ongcono kakhulu wamaphakethe ungukudla kwemvelo. Ukuphakelwa okugxilekile akumele kudlule isilinganiso esibekiwe futhi kungakuhle ukuwusebenzisa ebusika, lapho kungenzeki ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yemvelo.
Ukugcwalisa ukusilela kwezinto ezimbiwa phansi, kunconywa ukuthi amaKarmalas anikezwe ushoko kanye nenani elincane likasawoti wethebula. Ebusika, ungasebenzisa izithasiselo ezikhethekile zokudla kwamavithamini.
Ungayithenga kanjani ingulube engasasebenzi futhi ekhiqizayo futhi kuphi
Ukuthenga amaphakethe kungumsebenzi olula. Ngenxa yezimpawu zabo ezisezingeni eliphakeme, abalimi abaningi nabahwebi abazimele bathengisa izingulube ezincane. Ensizakalweni yalabo abafuna ukuthenga i-pedigree hybrid - izikhangiso eziningi emaphephandabeni naku-Intanethi. Ngeshwa, ubungozi bokuthola i- "Korea" ejwayelekile noma ukuthenga ingulube engenampilo kakhulu ngaphansi kogal ye-karmal ayibekelwe.
Lapho uthenga ingulube, kudingeka uyihlole ngokucophelela
Ukuze ungenzi iphutha lapho ukhetha i-piglet yangempela yalolu hlobo lokuzalela, kunengqondo ukuthi umnikazi ongaba khona anake lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- umsila wengulube encane yomile ngokuphelele futhi unganamatheli emzimbeni, noma yiziphi izindawo ezine-bald noma izindawo ezinenwele ezi-sparse azamukeleki:
- ngisho nekhanda elisanda kuzalwa alikwazi ukuba nezimpandla - limbozwe ngokuphelele izinwele ezisindayo ze-wavy, ngokuvamile linombala omthende,
- ummeleli omuhle wohlobo lokuzala ebuntwaneni unemilenze emide eqinile, uhlukaniswa ngokuhamba nokuxaka okuthile - lawa “maphutha” akhombisa impilo enhle kakhulu,
- Amehlo ezingulube azinawo umugqa wezinwele noma izimpawu zokunganaki, ziyakhanya futhi ziphathe kahle kwabanye.
Ukwehlukanisa ukuqina kwe-karmal yangempela esihlotsheni saseKorea kulula kakhulu - udinga ukubuka ukusebenza kwengulube. Ngokubukeka, i-hybrid esanda kuzalwa iyafana nengane enezinyanga ezintathu ubudala yengulube yaseKorea, kodwa indlela yokuziphatha kwengulube esanda kuzalwa iyohluka kakhulu engulube eyaluka.
Izingulube zaseKorea
Uhlobo lwaseKorea lokuzalela izingulube lungezinhlobo zesisu ze-herbivorous. Esihlokweni sethu uzofunda ngezici zohlobo lokuzalela, imithetho yokunakekela izingulube zalolu hlobo lokudla kanye nokudla kwama "Koreans".
Kwisiboshwa esisodwa ungabona i-karmalat yemibala ehlukahlukene
Kubalulekile! Uhlobo oluncane lwe-hybrid luhlukaniswa ngemibala ehlukahlukene. Umhlwanyeli ungaletha isifingqo lapho izingulube ezinemibala eminingi zizobe zikhona - kusuka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya koshaka kanye ne-ocher ngemivimbo ehlukile.
Zingavuselelwa kuphi izingulube
Ukumelana nezifo kanye nokungajwayelekile kwengubo yamaphakethe kuyabavumela ukuba bazalwe kunoma yiziphi izimo zezulu. Kulezi zingulube, amazinga okushisa akayona into embi, ajabule ukuchitha usuku eqhweni ngaphandle kokuvezwa yimfuluwenza.
Ama-Karmalas awesabi ukushisa noma ukubanda - angabizwa kuzo zonke izifunda
Abakhiqizi bezingulube bangasetshenziselwa ukuqondanisa nezingulube zezinye izinhlobo ukwenza ngcono izimfanelo ezisezingeni lezilwane.
Ama-piglets asencane awadingi umuthi wokugomela ezifweni ezithathelwanayo noma zokuvuvukala, ngoba anokugomela okuqinile kusukela ekuzalweni. Lapho amaphakethe esefinyelele ebusheni, adinga ukugonywa njalo kanye nokwelashwa kwe-anthelmintic, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezinobungozi obukhulu begciwane.
Ama-Karmalas awahambelani nezifo ezinkulu ezingulube
Uma nje ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile kwezifo ezinobulwelwe (inhlupho yasendulo, i-erysipelas, isifo sofuba) nokugoma okufika ngesikhathi kwenziwa, ama-karmalas angakwazi ukubekezelela izifo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuzalanisa amaphakethe emapulazini asekhaya kungumsebenzi oqhubekayo futhi osebenzayo okwazi ukuhlinzeka inyama enambitha kubanini ngenani lezindleko futhi ulethe nezinzuzo ezinkulu zezimali.
Ingaphandle nokukhiqiza
Izingulube zinohlobo lomzimba olungu-meaty.Inhloko encane, futhi emuva kubanzi ngokwanele, intamo ibanzi, isizalo sibanzi, izindlebe zincanyana, nezinyawo ziyaqina. Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sale hybrid ingubo ebanzi, yinde futhi ama-curls. Umbala wehluka kusuka kumnyama kuya ku-ginger. Ukukhula okusha kunemigqa emincane enyamalala nobudala. Isikhumba simhlophe. Ama-piglets atholwe ngokuhlanganiswa komzimba okuyinkimbinkimbi angafinyelela isisindo bukhoma aze afike ku-200-220 kg, kanti inzalo yezinhlobo ezilula zeKarmalov ifinyelela ku-140-160 kg eneminyaka engu-18 ubudala. Ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi kuhlobene ngqo nendlela yokondla esetshenziswa epulazini. Uma kudliswa kakhulu, ke lapho iminyaka yobudala eyodwa izingulube zingathola imiphumela enjalo. Abakhiqizi bezinkukhu abaneminyaka yobudala engama-2-3 bathola isisindo kusuka kuma-250 kuya kwangama-300 kg, okuhlwanyelwe akuncane. Ziyakwazi ukugcwala kakhulu, ngoba i-farows eyodwa yesibeletho inganikela ngezilwanyane ezingama-20 kuya kwezingu-24. Ukulunyulwa kwama-piglets amancane kusuka ku-grow kwenzeka ngenkathi ukukhula okuncane kuthola isisindo esingama-7-10 kg.
Okuhle nokubi
Karmalov ngokuya ngokuya kuqala ukusetshenziswa Ukungathobeki kwabo nobulula bokulondolozwa kwanikeza ukuthandwa okunjalo phakathi kwabafuyi bezilwane.
1. Ukuthomba okusheshayo kanye nokuzimisela okukhulu kuyaphawulwa. IFarrow idlula ngaphandle kobunzima, ayidingi ukungenela kwangaphandle. Ukuphepha kwezilwane ezisencane nsuku zonke kungama-98-100%. Imvelo yomama ethuthukisiwe inikezela ukunakekelwa okulula kwezingulube ezisanda kuzalwa,
2. Kufanelekile ukugcina ezindaweni ezibandayo nenkathi. Izinwele ezinde nezinwele ezinde zinikeza umthethonqubo wokudluliselwa kokushisa futhi kuvimbele ingulube iqhwa lapho kubanda khona,
3. I-hybrid ifaka kalula ukudla okungamakhambi kuphela, kepha futhi nokudla okwomile nokunusiwe. Kuhlelwe kahle iwadi yokuhamba,
4. Inethuba lokunambitha nokubukeka kwenyama ngaphezu kwengulube ethafile,
Phakathi kokushiyeka, ukunyamalala kwezimpawu zohlobo lokuzala kuyaphawulwa ngokuwela okungaphezulu. Izimpawu ziya ngakolunye uhlobo futhi zingathathi zimpawu zomunye.
Ungawaqukethe kanjani amaphakethe
Sekuvele ukuthi ingulube yathola ukuthandwa ngenxa yokuzithoba kwayo. Izilwane zihlanzekile, ezenza kube lula ukuhlanza. Kuhlelelwe igceke lokuhamba. Isimo sabo sokuthula siqinisekisa ukuphepha kocingo futhi ngeke ukubone ukugaywa nokuqhekeka komhlaba. Bathanda ukuma ezinsikeni zabo zangemuva babuke uthango. Futhi, amafriji awawesabi ngenxa yejazi elihle. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sasebusika, bangakwazi ukuhamba ngokuphepha. Kwezilwane ezindala, igumbi elilula ngaphandle kokulungiswa ngombhede lifanelekile, futhi ezingulubeni ezisanda kuzalwa kungcono ukunikeza igumbi elifudumele ngaphandle kokusalungiswa, kepha kungene umoya. Izingulube zinokungavikeleki okuhle, kepha zona, njengazo zonke izingulube, zinikezwa imigomo yokuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo ze-helminthic. Ukudilizwa kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezi-2, ukulungiswa okusele kwezilwane ezincane akufanele kuhambisane kakhulu.
Okudliwayo Karmalov
Ukudla okulinganiselayo kuyadingeka kunoma yisiphi isilwane neKarmal nakho. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuze uthole inyama enambitheka okuhle, kufanele unakekele ukudla. Izinsuku eziyisikhombisa, izingulube zidla ubisi lukamama kuphela, bese zidluliselwa kancane kancane ziye kokuphakelayo okumnandi, bese kuthi uma sezingamaviki ama-2 zikwazi ukudla ukudla kwabantu abadala. Isisekelo sokudla kwabo kufaka phakathi utshani obuluhlaza, izitshalo ezimpande, izithelo, okufinyelela kuma-70%, inhlanzi nenyama nokudla kwamathambo nakho kuyasetshenziselwa ukondla. Ukusetshenziswa kokuphakelayo okuhlanganisiwe ngamanani amakhulu kungaholela ekuzuzeni emafutheni amaningi, futhi uma kunalokho ukunikeza inyama eluhlaza kuphela ngeke kube okumnandi futhi kunephunga.
Nambitha izimfanelo zamaphakethe enyama
I-Karmaly luhlobo lwenyama, ngakho-ke akunamafutha amaningi enyameni. Eminyakeni engu-1.5 bathola isisindo esingu-150-200 kilos.
Inyama emaphaketheni ayinamanqatha futhi inejusi, inokunambitheka okuhle, ifana nesiphambano phakathi kwengulube ne-veal.
Noma ngabe kudliwa kakhulu ama-nzalo, ungqimba lwamafutha aluncane, ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlukaniswe kalula epulpiti.
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