Umlindi we-Crocodile, noma umgijimi waseGibhithe (Pluvianus aegyptius) kusabalele eNtshonalanga naseCentral Africa, kundizela eNyakatho (Egypt, Libya) naseMpumalanga (Kenya, iBurundi) e-Afrika. Ihlala ezindaweni eziphakathi kwemifula emikhulu esezindaweni ezishisayo enezindawo ezinesihlabathi nesibhuqu kumawele neziqhingi ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza izidleke, kuvame ukugwema amahlathi. Umgijimikazi waseGibhithe udla ikakhulukazi izinambuzane (amanzi kanye nomhlaba, ikakhulukazi ama-dipterans amancane), kanye nezibungu, imollusks kanye nembewu. izitshalo.

Incazelo

Abanye odokotela bamazinyo basanda kuyihlukanisa le nyoni emkhayeni ohlukile I-pluvianidae. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi sika uHerodotus, uPliny futhi UPlutarch, kwakukhona legend ukuthi izingxenye le nyoni ubuhlobo iqala ubuhlobo bokubambisana izingwenya - okuthiwa yena waveza ukudla doti futhi iminyundu emazinyweni abo nokuklabalasa ezihuquzelayo uxwayisa ngengozi. Kodwa-ke, abukho ubufakazi obubhaliwe bale nganekwane.

Ubude bomzimba walezi zinyoni ezincane bufika ku-19 cm cm.Ikhanda, intamo nomhlane womgijimi waseGibhithe kumnyama, imivimbo emide emide idlula isuka oqhweni ngenhla kwamehlo kuya emuva kwekhanda, umphimbo umhlophe, isifuba, umphambili wentamo nesisu sibomvu, ngoba esifubeni kukhona umugqa omnyama. ngesimo imigexo, nokuntula imivimbo ewumngcingo emhlophe. Izimpiko zalezi zinyoni zinombala onsundu, uma zibhabha ziyahlukahluka ngomhlane nekhanda elimnyama. Owesilisa nowesifazane banemibala efanayo. Lezi zinyoni mobile kakhulu futhi umsindo, lizwa amaphimbo abo noma - staccato okusezingeni eliphezulu imisindo ", KPPP KPPP-KPPP."

Ukuzala

Enyakatho yekhweyitha, abagijimayo bazala ngo-Januwari kuya ku-Ephreli-Meyi, lapho izinga lamanzi emifuleni liphansi kakhulu. Bahlala esidlekeni esivulekile semibhede yemifula. amakoloni Ngokuzalanisa musa yakha pair of izinyoni isidleke kude. Ku-clutch 2 noma amaqanda ama-3. Isidleke singumgodi esihlabathini futhi sinobude obuyi-5-7 cm, lapho amaqanda akhula khona lapho angcwatshwe esihlabathini esifudumele. Ukupholisa amaqanda abazali ahlale phezu kwabo, moisten ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuba isisu. Ngaphambi kokushiya isidleke, izinyoni zilinganisa isihlabathi. Amachwane abo aluhlobo lwe-brood, okungukuthi, aqhakaza athuthukiswe kahle futhi azimele kakhulu. Yiqiniso, kusadingeka ngosizo lwabazali - ezifana omdala cool amaphuphu ngendlela efanayo njengoba amaqanda. Ngasikhathi sinye, amachwane angaphuza amanzi kusuka ezimpaphe esiswini sabazali. Uma kwenzeka ingozi, amaphuphu agijimela emgodini oseduzane nesihlabathi futhi acashe lapho (imvamisa evela emilenzeni yemvubu iyindawo yokukhosela), futhi abantu abadala bawagcwalise ngokushesha ngesihlabathi, bawuphonsa ngomlomo wabo.

Ukubukeka

Izingwenya unogada ekhula ukuba 19-21 cm ubude iphiko 12,5-14 cm. Feathering ezinemibala kancane izibambe imibala kwasakazwa izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zomzimba. Uhlangothi olungaphezulu lubumpunga obukhulu, olunomqhele omnyama ogqitshwe umugqa omhlophe obonakalayo ogeleza phezu kwamehlo (kusukela ngomlomo kuya emuva kwekhanda). Umugqa obanzi omnyama uhlangana nawo, obuye uqhamuke oqhweni, uthwebule indawo yeso bese uqeda emuva emhlane.

Wehlisa ohlangothini ukukhanya kuqhubeka icala (nge inhlanganisela off-white nezimpaphe brown ukukhanya). Umgexo omnyama uzungeze isifuba sakhe. Umgijimi waseGibhithe unekhanda elilinganayo entanyeni emfushane eqinile nomlomo omncane okhonjisiwe (obomvu ezansi, omnyama kanye nalo lonke ubude), ugobile kancane.

wings eziphezulu bluish-grey, kodwa ngezinye amathiphu zabo, njengoba umsila, kukhona izimpaphe black ebonakalayo. Endizeni, lapho le nyoni isakaza amaphiko ayo, ungabona imivimbo emnyama kubo nombala omnyama wewolintshi ovela phezulu.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Kukholakala ukuthi umlindi wezingwenya uyindiza iyindizela, ehambisana nosayizi wamaphiko abanzi hhayi amade. Kodwa Inyoni evuthiwe imilenze: zingabantu kunalokho eside futhi ekupheleni ngeminwe emifushane (ngaphandle emuva), ingashintshwa ukusebenzisa kokuhlupheka.

Lapho umgijimi ekhuphukela emoyeni, imilenze yakhe iphumela ngaphandle komphetho womsila omfushane, oqondile.

Indlela yokuphila, umlingiswa

Enye Brehm wabhala ukuthi umgijimi waseGibhithe akunakwenzeka ukubamba iso: nyoni ibamba iso lapho, ngokuvamile Fingering imilenze, egijima phansi endundumeni yesihlabathi, futhi liba ngisho esikufezile - lapho flying phezu kwamanzi, okubonisa striated amaphiko omnyama nomhlophe ezimthende.

AbakwaBremen banikeze umgijimi ngama-epithets lawo “ngokuzwakalayo”, “ophilayo” no “mkhohlisi”, baphawula nangomqondo wakhe osheshayo, ubuqili nememori enhle kakhulu. Kuyiqiniso, udokotela wezilwane waseJalimane wayephutha ngokuqamba izinyoni ngokuthi ubudlelwane obuthinta izingwenya (ngaphambi kwakhe lesi siphetho samanga senziwa nguPliny, uPlutarch noHerodotus).

Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi kamuva, abagijimi bazithwale awunawo umkhuba singene imihlathi ingwenya ukukhetha emazinyweni akhe esabekayo izimuncagazi isemanzini futhi izingcezu ukudla. Okungenani akekho noyedwa kwabasebenza ngemvelo abanzima e-Afrika owabona into enjengale. Futhi izithombe namavidiyo agcwele i-Intanethi angobuciko bokuhlela izithombe namavidiyo wokukhangisa itshungama.

Izazi zanamuhla nezilwane Afrika zithi izingwenya Guard othembela kakhulu futhi kungenziwa kubhekwe cishe ezinokuthula. Abagijimi baseGibhithe baningi ezindaweni ezidlekayo, futhi ngesikhathi esingazalwanga, njengomthetho, zigcinwa ngababili noma ngamaqembu amancane. Ngaphandle kokuthi ziyizinyoni ezihlala endaweni eyodwa, kwesinye isikhathi ziyazulazula, okuchazwa ngokunyuka kwamanzi emifuleni yasendaweni. Fly ukuze zululeka imihlambi enezingu-abantu-60.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Ofakazi bokuzibonela baqaphela ukuma kwale nyoni eqondile, ecishe ibheke phezulu, okuyinto eligcina ngayo yize igijima (incike kuphela ngaphambi kokuhamba). Kepha kwenzeka ukuthi inyoni iyaqhuma futhi ime, kube sengathi iyagoba ngaphezulu, ilahlekelwe amandla ayo ajwayelekile.

Le nyoni - ngezwi staccato okusezingeni eliphezulu, okuyinto yena usebenzisa ukwazisa abanye (nezingwenya, kanye) we indlela yomuntu, abahlukumezi noma ihamba. Ingwenya uqobo, unogada, ibaleka engozini, noma, lapho igijime, iyahamba.

Habitat, indawo yokuhlala

Umqaphi we-Crocodile uhlala ikakhulukazi e-Central and West Africa, kodwa futhi uyatholakala eMpumalanga (eBurundi naseKenya) naseNyakatho (Libya naseGibhithe). Inani indawo eduze endaweni ukuze 6 million km².

Njengenyoni esidlekayo, umlindi wengwenya ungowendawo eyihlane, noma kunjalo ugwema izihlabathi ezihlanzekile. Iphinde ingahlali emahlathini aminyene, imvamisa ikhetha izigaba eziphakathi nendawo (iziwula neziqhingi, lapho kunesihlabathi esiningi kanye nobhuqu) lwemifula emikhulu eshisayo.

Kudingeka komakhelwane nge brackish noma fresh amanzi. Ihlala futhi ezingwadule ezinomhlabathi ominyene, ogwadule lobumba olunezindawo zokuthwala, nasezindaweni eziwugwadule ezinotshani obunemvelo (endaweni esezintabeni).

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Njengamanje, kubalwa usayizi wabantu (ngokuya ngesilinganiso esinzima kakhulu) kwizinyoni zabantu abadala eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-22 - 85.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! EGibhithe lasendulo, izingwenya Guard wabonakalisa omunye izinhlamvu zamagama-hieroglyphic, eyaziwa kithi njengoba «Y». Futhi izithombe zabantu abagijimayo zihlobisa izikhumbuzo eziningi zakudala zaseGibhithe.