Emifudlaneni yaseThailand naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ebonakalayo enamanzi afudumele, kutholakala inhlanzi enombala ogqamile weLabeo bicolor.
Amanzi agijimayo agcwele udoti ongaphansi kwamagatsha awile ezihlahleni ezomile, amatshe ambozwe kakhulu ngezinto eziphilayo, amelela lo mhlali, umndeni wama-cyprinid, "itafula ledili".
Umlomo wale nhlanzi ubonakala uklanywe ngokukhethekile ngendlela yokuthi kuqoqwe ukudla okunjalo. Umhlathi ophansi owenza inkomishi yokudonsa enamapuleti ezimpondo unquma kalula ukhula lwe-algae kanye nokukhula kwe-bentonite ezansi kwemifudlana. ILabeo ikhula ngobude ifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-12.
I-labeo enezimpawu ezimbili (i-Epalzeorhynchos bicolor).
Le nhlanzi idotshwa ngokwezifiso, emachibini angashoni emapulazini akhethekile eThailand. Futhi kuvela lapha, ngokusobala, ukuthi lobu buhle bokuhlobisa bethulwa eYurophu ngo-1952.
Ngenxa yokubukeka kwawo okungajwayelekile futhi okhangayo, ama-labeos adonsela ukunaka kwabasemanzini emhlabeni wonke.
Ngokwendlela yabasizi bamanzi olwandle, ukuzalaniswa nokugcinwa kwe-ba kuyinto emnandi kakhulu. Dinga i-aquarium yamalitha angama-500-100 noma ichibi lokushisa elifudumele eligcinwe ukukhanya okufiphele, amanzi athambile, i-dKH ngaphansi kuka-1 °, ukugcina izinga lokushisa elingu-24-27 ° C, izitshalo eziningi nendawo yokukhosela ethambile. Inqubo yokukhulisa abamele ukuzalela emathangini amakhulu inzima kakhulu futhi ibuhlungu. Amaqanda avuthwa kusuka emahoreni angama-30 kuye kwangama-48 bese kuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5 ajike abe yi-fry esebenzayo.
Abasha abasebasha be-labeo enemibala emibili banolaka kakhulu.
Isitebhisi sasesikhundleni sobukhosi siyabukeka phakathi kwezinhlanzi. Izinhlanzi ezincane ezise-aquarium ziziphatha kabi, zihlala zilwa insimu.
I-Labeo enemibala emibili izizwa imnandi kwi-aquarium yasekhaya, kufanele udale izimo ezinhle kuyo.
Amatshe akhanyayo yizindawo eziyintandokazi zokuhlala yedwa nokuzilibazisa, iLabeau, okuthi, ngokunokwenzeka, ibanikeze umuzwa wokulondeka okuphelele, lapho bebandela khona ezikhundleni phezulu naphansi ngamakhanda abo. Umsila obomvu womfokazi usebenza njengophawu lokuvikela ngobudlova insimu kumvakashi ongamenywanga, futhi ukuhlaselwa okunjalo kwesinye isikhathi akwenziwa kuphela “izihlobo”, kodwa nezinye izinhlanzi ezinombala obomvu.
ILabeo isabela ngokhahlo kuzo zonke izinhlanzi ezifanayo ngombala wazo.
Izinhlanzi ezineminye imibala azidonseli ukunaka kwe-labe.
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I-Labeo-toni ezimbili - okuqukethwe ku-aquarium
Okokuqukethwe i-labe enemibala emibili I-aquarium enkulu ebanzi okungenani yamalitha angama-80 kumuntu ngamunye omdala iyadingeka. Njengezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi ezihlala emifuleni, i-labe ayizibekezeleli i-compact organic emanzini, ikhetha amanzi ahlanzekile anomoya-mpilo.
Izinkomba ezifanele zamanzi okuqukethwe kwabo yilezi ezilandelayo: izinga lokushisa 22 - 26 ° C, pH 6.5-7.5, ubunzima be-5-15 °, i-aeration, ukuhlunga nokufakwa esikhundleni kweviki kuze kube ngama-20% wevolumu yamanzi kuyadingeka.
Kunconywa ukulingisa izimo eziseduzane nendawo yokuhlala yemvelo e-aquarium, futhi lokhu ngokuyinhloko ukulingiswa kwezindawo zokukhosela ezikhona manje nezinhlobonhlobo, ngesimo senqwaba yezitshalo kanye ne-Driftwood.
Njengomhlabathi, amatshe abushelelezi futhi amatshe amatshe anhlobonhlobo ahlukahlukene afanelekile.
Ezitshalweni, kuhle ukusebenzisa lezo ezikwazi ukunamathisela izimpande endaweni ebukekayo, lezi yizinhlobo ezahlukene ze-Anubias, iBolbitis noma iMicrosorum.
Ukukhanyiswa kunconyelwe kukhanya ngokwanele ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okusebenzayo kwesigaxa esiphansi esifakiwe ekudleni i-labe enemibala emibili.
AmaLabeos akhetha ukuhlala ezingxenyeni zamanzi ezingaphansi neziphakathi nendawo, echitha isikhathi esiningi evulekile, futhi ebeka engcupheni, ecasha emathangeni ezitshalo.
Labeo bicolor kungcono ukugcina izinhlanzi ezinobukhulu obulinganayo nemikhuba, njengoba abamele le zinhlobo bezungeza umhlaba futhi banolaka hhayi kuphela kuhlobo lwabo, kodwa futhi nakubantu bezinye izinhlobo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezinemibala ebomvu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunephethini elithile ukuthi uLabe ahlangana ngokuthula nabamele uhlobo lwe-Botera, Chromobotia, Yasuhikotakia neSyncrossus futhi cishe njalo uhlala ebekezelela izinhlanzi ezivela ku-genera Gyrinocheilus, eCrossocheilus naseGarra.
Akufanele zigcinwe ngama-cichlids amancane nama-catfish amaningi. Kepha ekuxazululweni kwendawo engenhla ye-aquarium encane, ukuthulula, ama-characin asebenzayo afanelekile.
Ngokusobala, emvelweni, lezi zinhlanzi zihola indlela yokuphila eyedwa futhi zihlangane lapho zizalaniswa kuphela. E-aquarium, lokhu kuziphatha kuyaphikelela futhi kuya kukhula njengoba kukhula, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugcina abantu abadala ngamunye ngamunye.
Uma i-aquarium iqukethe eziningana labeos enezimpawu ezimbili, bese kuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bakhe ubudlelwane be-hierarchical lapho umuntu onamandla ebusa bonke abanye.
Ukudla kwe-labeo enezimpawu ezimbili
Ukudla okuyinhloko labeoi-bicolor Kuqukethe ubukhulu becala lokuziqhenya.
Njengokugqoka imifino, uphizi oluhlaza, ukhukhamba omusha omusha ne-zucchini, izinhlobo eziningi zesipinashi nesaladi, kanye nezithelo ezisikiwe, zilungile.
Ukuze uthuthukise umbala, kungcono ukuphambukisa ukudla ngokungeza ukudla okubukhoma: i-daphnia, i-bloodworms, i-brine shrimp kanye nokudla okuphezulu kwekhwalithi eyomile.
I-dimorphism yezocansi
Akunakwenzeka ukuthola ubulili bezingane. Imibala yama-labeos asemancane ayihlukile kunale yabantu abadala, imizimba yabo ayimnyama, kepha ngompunga omnyama nedothi elimnyama liyabonakala ngemuva kwekhanda.
labeo izingane ezimbili-ithoni
I-dorsal fin ihlelwe ngokuhlelwa okumhlophe. Kuze kube yilapho indawo iqala ukubonakala ekuziphatheni kwabo nasekuguqukeni kombala wabo ukuya kombala wabantu abadala, babanjwa emhlambini. Ukuthomba labeo ezimbili-ithoni ifinyelela eminyakeni engu-1-1,5.
Ukuthola ubulili bezinhlanzi zabantu abadala nakho kunzima impela. Abesifazane i-labe enemibala emibili likhulu futhi libheja kancane kunabesilisa.
Ngokusobala, emadodeni amadala, izinduna ezingavuthiwe zikhula isikhathi eside ukwedlula kwabesifazane, kepha konke lokhu kuhlangene. Ngokungafani nabesilisa, izinsikazi ezindala zinesisu esiseduze. Kwezinye izintokazi, i-caudal fin ingaba nohlobo lwezitini, kanti kowesilisa ubomvu ngokugqamile.
I-Labeo bicolor - ukuzala kabusha
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukuzalaniswa kokuqala ku-aquarium kwenzeka ngaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amabili edlule, lokhu kuseyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi etholakala kuphela kwinani elincane labasizi bamanzi abanolwazi.
Ubunzima obukhulu bukhona ekutholeni abesilisa ukuba bahlume, ngoba zivame kakhulu kunabesifazane, futhi njengoba kungenzeki ukwahlukanisa phakathi kobulili besebancane emabeleni, kumele kukhuliswe inani elikhulu lezinsizwa ukuze kutholakale owesilisa noma amabili.
Ukuze uqhume, udinga i-aquarium yevolumu enkulu (kusuka ku-500 l), enokukhanya okuhle nokukhanya kokhanyayo, okutshalwe ngenqwaba yezitshalo.
Okokuzalela i-labe enemibala emibili kudingeka amanzi aphansi-we-Peat ngalezi zinhlaka ezilandelayo ze-hydrochemical: pH 6.0-7.0, hardness kuze kufike ku-4 ° kanye nokushisa okungu-24 - 27 ° C.
Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okuhle okulinganisa ukugeleza komfula. Owesifazane oyedwa nowesilisa ababili batshalwe ukuze bahlume, abagcinwa behlukaniswe amasonto angama-1-2 futhi bondliwe kahle ngokudla okubukhoma nokutshala.
Ukuvuselela ukwanda i-labe enemibala emibili kusetshenziswa imijovo ye-hormonal, ngemuva kwalokho abakhiqizi bame ngokuhlukile amahora angama-3-4. Ngaphambi kokusaphaza, ukugeleza kwamanzi kufanele kuncishiswe.
Ukukhiqiza abesifazane i-labe enemibala emibili cishe amaqanda ayi-1000. Izinhlanzi zivame ukudla amaqanda azo, asezinze phansi, futhi angathinti amaqanda abantanta kwikholamu yamanzi.
Masinyane nje ngemuva kokuhluma, abakhiqizi bayanqunywa. Amaqanda amhlophe, angenamanyolo ayasuswa, avele emva kwamahora ama-1-2, bese amanye amaqanda adluliselwa kwi-incubator elungisiwe, engasetshenziswa njengengqimba yamalitha angama-20 ngamanzi avuthayo kanye nokuqina okubuthakathaka.
Isikhathi sokufakelwa sithatha cishe amahora angama-14, sibopha izibungu ngemuva kwamahora angama-48 siphenduke saba nefry, esiqala ukubhukuda futhi sidle ngenkuthalo. Ukudla okuqalwa ngokuthosi: ama-ciliates, uthuli bukhoma noma ama-rotifers. Njengomthetho, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhule cishe u-50% we-labe-anemibala emibili, abanye bonke bafe ezinsukwini zokuqala.
Imvamisa labeo ezimbili-ithoni ibekwe njengenhlanzi edliwe ngomlilo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-algae afakiwe ekudleni kwalezinhlanzi, awakwazi ukubhekwa njengabahlanza i-aquarium, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, ngokwesibonelo, abamele uhlobo lwe-Crossocheilus, oludla i-algae ngamanani amakhulu kakhulu.